CN116783068A - 膜、层叠膜和包装袋 - Google Patents
膜、层叠膜和包装袋 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN116783068A CN116783068A CN202280010763.7A CN202280010763A CN116783068A CN 116783068 A CN116783068 A CN 116783068A CN 202280010763 A CN202280010763 A CN 202280010763A CN 116783068 A CN116783068 A CN 116783068A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- film
- mdpe
- resin
- hdpe
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
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Classifications
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- B32B7/035—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers with respect to the orientation of features using arrangements of stretched films, e.g. of mono-axially stretched films arranged alternately
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- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C55/10—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets multiaxial
- B29C55/12—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets multiaxial biaxial
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- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D75/00—Packages comprising articles or materials partially or wholly enclosed in strips, sheets, blanks, tubes, or webs of flexible sheet material, e.g. in folded wrappers
- B65D75/52—Details
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- B65D75/5861—Spouts
- B65D75/5872—Non-integral spouts
- B65D75/5883—Non-integral spouts connected to the package at the sealed junction of two package walls
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Bag Frames (AREA)
- Wrappers (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供一种膜,该膜(1)是由高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)形成的第一树脂层(2)和由中密度聚乙烯(MDPE)形成的第二树脂层(4)通过共挤出而邻接而成的膜,并且沿同一方向被拉伸。另外,该膜是按由高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)形成的第一表面层(2)、由中密度聚乙烯(MDPE)形成的中间层、由中密度聚乙烯(MDPE)形成的第二表面层(4)的顺序通过共挤出而邻接而成的膜,并且沿同一方向被拉伸。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及膜、层叠膜和包装袋。
本申请基于2021年2月9日在日本申请的日本特愿2021-018687号主张优先权,并将其内容援引于此。
背景技术
作为以往的包装袋,使用将对折的底部膜配置于一对主体部膜之间的具有自立性的自立袋(standing pounch)。在专利文献1中记载了使用将密封剂作为最内层并且将拉伸膜为基材的层压膜。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:日本特开2006-7630号公报
发明内容
技术问题
以往的包装袋所使用的层叠膜在内表面层叠有聚乙烯(PE)等热粘接性树脂(密封剂)层,并在外表面层叠有耐热性比密封剂的耐热性高的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)等基材。在对层叠膜进行热粘接时,使密封剂熔融而将层叠膜的内表面接合。但是,包含不同种类的树脂的包装袋存在难以作为塑料制容器包装进行回收的问题。
近年来,为了易于回收,提倡使用单一树脂的单一材料的容器包装。但是,如果由使用了单一树脂的膜形成包装袋,则存在填充有内容物的包装袋掉落时层叠膜容易破裂的问题。
本发明是鉴于上述情况而完成的,其课题在于提供一种能够抑制填充有内容物的包装袋落下时的破裂的膜、层叠膜和包装袋。
技术方案
为了解决上述问题,本发明的一个方式的膜是由高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)形成的第一树脂层和由中密度聚乙烯(MDPE)形成的第二树脂层通过共挤出而邻接而成的膜,并且沿同一方向被拉伸。
另外,本发明的另一方式的膜是按照由高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)形成的第一表面层、由中密度聚乙烯(MDPE)形成的中间层、和由中密度聚乙烯(MDPE)形成的第二表面层的顺序通过共挤出而邻接而成的膜,并且沿同一方向被拉伸。
所述中间层可以含有除树脂以外的添加剂。
所述同一方向的拉伸倍率可以为2~10倍。
另外,本发明的层叠膜将所述膜作为基材,并将由聚乙烯系树脂形成的密封剂层层叠于所述基材。
由所述高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)形成的层可以配置在所述基材的与所述密封剂层相反的一侧。
另外,本发明的包装袋的特征在于,至少一个部件由所述层叠膜形成。
发明效果
根据本发明,由于使用通过共挤出将高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)和中密度聚乙烯(MDPE)层叠而成的拉伸膜作为基材,因此能够抑制填充有内容物的包装袋落下时的破裂。
附图说明
图1是示出本发明的膜的一个实施方式的截面放大图。
图2是示出本发明的层叠膜的一个实施方式的截面放大图。
图3是示出本发明的包装袋的一个实施方式的主视图。
符号说明
1膜
2第一树脂层
4第二树脂层
6层叠膜
8密封剂层
10自立袋(包装袋)
12 容器主体
14 倒出口部件
16 主体部膜
18 底部膜
20 热封部
具体实施方式
以下,基于优选的实施方式对本发明进行说明。如图1所示,本实施方式的膜1是由高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)形成的第一树脂层2和由中密度聚乙烯(MDPE)形成的第二树脂层4通过共挤出而邻接的膜1,其特征在于,沿同一方向被拉伸。
如图2中一例所示,实施方式的层叠膜6由以聚乙烯系树脂为主体的聚乙烯系树脂层形成。因此,使用实施方式的层叠膜6,能够实现单材料的容器包装。作为聚乙烯系树脂层,具体而言,除了第一树脂层2、第二树脂层4以外,还可以列举出后述的密封剂层8等,但并不限于此。
上述聚乙烯系树脂可以是乙烯的均聚物(homopolymer),也可以是以乙烯为主体的共聚物(copolymer)。作为除乙烯以外的单体(共聚单体),可以列举出1-丁烯、1-己烯、1-辛烯等α-烯烃、降冰片烯等环状烯烃、乙酸乙烯酯、氯乙烯、丙烯酸等乙烯基系单体等中的一种或两种以上。在聚乙烯系树脂与乙酸乙烯酯等具有酯基的单体进行共聚的情况下,酯基的一部分可以被皂化而成为包含乙烯醇的共聚物。
聚乙烯系树脂的构成单体中的乙烯的比例优选为50重量%以上,例如可以为80~100重量%。乙烯或共聚单体可以是来自石油等化石资源的化合物,也可以是来自植物等生物质的化合物。聚乙烯系树脂层中所含的树脂可以仅为聚乙烯系树脂。聚乙烯系树脂层可以含有除树脂以外的添加剂。作为添加剂,没有特别限定,但可以列举出例如抗氧化剂、润滑剂、抗粘连剂、阻燃剂、紫外线吸收剂、填料、光稳定剂、抗静电剂、着色剂、交联剂等。添加剂可以是与树脂相容的成分,也可以是与树脂不相容的成分。
基于聚乙烯系树脂的密度分类可以为本领域技术人员惯用的分类,但例如可以与以往的JIS K6748相同:将910kg/m3以上且小于930kg/m3的聚乙烯系树脂分类为第一种(低密度),将930kg/m3以上且小于942kg/m3的聚乙烯系树脂分类为第二种(中密度),将942kg/m3以上的聚乙烯系树脂分类为第三种(高密度)。另外,也可以按照2018年修订的JISK6922-1进行分类:将911kg/m3以下的聚乙烯系树脂分类为超低密度等级,将密度高于911kg/m3且925kg/m3以下的聚乙烯系树脂分类为低密度等级,将密度高于925kg/m3且940kg/m3以下的聚乙烯系树脂分类为中密度等级,将密度高于940kg/m3的聚乙烯系树脂分类为高密度等级。线性低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)可以与低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)分类相同。
根据实施方式的膜1,由于通过共挤出而邻接的第一树脂层2(HDPE层)与第二树脂层4(MDPE层)是通过共挤出而邻接的,并且沿同一方向被拉伸,所以能够抑制填充有内容物的包装袋的因落下等引起的破裂。由于HDPE层与MDPE层通过共挤出而一体化,所以在HDPE层与MDPE层之间不具有粘接层等,能够得到不同的树脂层直接邻接的结构。MDPE层与HDPE层相比柔软且不易撕裂。另外,由于HDPE层与MDPE层之间的物性之差小,所以层间的密合性优异。
通过共挤出而获得的膜1的拉伸方向没有特别限定,但可以为输送(MD)方向或交叉(TD)方向。也可以是MD方向和TD方向的双轴拉伸。作为拉伸倍率,优选为2~10倍。由于HDPE层和MDPE层通过共挤出而层叠后被进行拉伸,所以HDPE层和MDPE层的拉伸方向和拉伸倍率相同。在双轴拉伸的情况下,各拉伸方向的拉伸倍率可以相同,MD方向的拉伸倍率与TD方向的拉伸倍率也可以不同。单轴拉伸或双轴拉伸中的拉伸方向可以是与MD方向和TD方向交叉的倾斜方向。
实施方式的膜1可以是仅由HDPE层和MDPE层构成的树脂膜。如后所述,也可以层叠密封剂层8等层。在膜1的厚度方向上,HDPE层配置于一侧,MDPE层配置于另一侧,由此成为HDPE层侧耐热性更高并且不易在MDPE层侧发生内聚破坏的结构。
膜1可以具有一层HDPE层和一层MDPE层。膜1可以具有两层以上的HDPE层或两层以上的MDPE层。例如,在将MDPE层设为两层以上的情况下,可以按照由HDPE形成的第一表面层、由MDPE形成的中间层和由MDPE形成的第二表面层的顺序通过共挤出而邻接,并且沿同一方向被拉伸。
HDPE层可以以50重量%以上的比例含有HDPE,进而以80~100重量%的比例含有HDPE。在将HDPE层设为两层以上的情况下,各个HDPE层可以含有相同的树脂成分,也可以含有不同的树脂成分。两层以上的HDPE层可以在有无添加剂、成分或比例方面不同。两层以上的HDPE层可以含有相同的添加剂,也可以含有不同的添加剂。
MDPE层可以以50重量%以上的比例含有MDPE、进而以80~100重量%的比例含有MDPE。在MDPE层为两层以上的情况下,各个MDPE层可以含有相同的树脂成分,也可以含有不同的树脂成分。两层以上的MDPE层可以在有无添加剂、成分或比例方面不同。两层以上的MDPE层可以含有相同的添加剂,也可以含有不同的添加剂。
将HDPE层和MDPE层合并而得的膜1的厚度没有特别限定,但例如可以列举出10~50μm左右。HDPE层的厚度没有特别限定,但例如可以列举出5~25μm左右。MDPE层的厚度没有特别限定,但例如可以列举出5~45μm左右。为了提高抑制膜1的破裂的效果,优选MDPE层的厚度比HDPE层的厚度厚。
在膜1具有第一表面层(HDPE层)、中间层(MDPE层)和第二表面层(MDPE层)的情况下,MDPE层中的第二表面层可以不含添加剂,中间层可以含有除树脂以外的添加剂。由此,在将第二表面层这一侧用于密封时,密封性变得更良好。
实施方式的膜1可以用作层叠膜6的基材。层叠膜6可以层叠由聚乙烯系树脂形成的密封剂层8。基材与密封剂层8之间也可以隔着粘接层而接合。基材可以在HDPE层的这一侧与密封剂层8接合。基材可以在MDPE层的这一侧与密封剂层8接合。在密封剂层8与MDPE层接合的情况下,HDPE层成为与密封剂层8相反一侧的外表面,因此与MDPE层成为外表面的情况相比,能够得到更高的耐热性。
密封剂层8可以用于层叠膜6的接合。密封剂层8优选由未拉伸的聚乙烯系树脂形成。作为形成密封剂层8的材料的具体例,例如可以列举出直链状低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)、低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)等密度相对低的聚乙烯系树脂。形成密封剂层8的材料可以是一种聚乙烯系树脂,也可以是两种以上的聚乙烯系树脂的共混物。密封剂层8的厚度没有特别限定,但例如可以列举出60~180μm左右。
基材在层叠膜6的厚度方向上层叠于比密封剂层8更靠外侧的位置。对于基材层来说,在沿长度方向运送层叠膜6而使用等时,优选基材能够增强层叠膜6的机械强度。在以往的层叠膜中,虽然将PET膜等作为基材,但在实施方式的层叠膜6中,由于将聚乙烯系树脂膜作为基材,所以再利用性提高。另外,作为基材,具有如MDPE或HDPE那样密度较高的树脂层,因此阻隔性提高。
密封剂层8的厚度相对于层叠膜6的厚度所占的比例优选为50%以上,也可以为60%、70%、80%、90%、95%左右或者它们的中间值。密封剂层8和基材的总厚度相对于层叠膜6的厚度所占的比例优选为50%以上,也可以为60%、70%、80%、90%、95%、99%左右或者它们的中间值。
粘接层可以由粘接剂形成,也可以由锚固(anchor coating)剂形成。作为形成粘接层的材料,没有特别限定,但可以列举出氨基甲酸酯系化合物、环氧系化合物、异氰酸酯系化合物、聚乙烯亚胺、钛醇盐等有机钛化合物等。粘接层的厚度例如可以列举出0.1~10μm左右、1~6μm左右、3~4μm左右。粘接层可以包含树脂,也可以为不包含树脂的粘接层。
也可以在密封剂层8与基材之间层叠印刷层。层叠膜6在基材的外侧具有其他树脂层的情况下,可以在基材与其他树脂层之间层叠印刷层。印刷层的位置没有特别限定,但例如可以列举出密封剂层8的外表面、基材的内表面或外表面、其他树脂层的内表面或外表面等。
印刷层能够通过利用凹版印刷、凸版印刷、胶版印刷、丝网印刷、喷墨等印刷方式将油墨印刷成满版状或图案状而形成。印刷层的厚度没有特别限定,但可以列举出0.5~10μm左右。
印刷层可以形成于层叠体的整个面,也可以形成于层叠体的面内的一部分。还可以重叠两层以上的印刷层。
用于形成印刷层的油墨可以包含颜料、染料等着色材料和粘合剂。作为粘合剂,没有特别限定,但可以列举出聚酰胺、聚氨酯、聚酯、聚氯乙烯、聚乙酸乙烯酯、氯乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物、丙烯酸系聚合物、聚丁二烯、环化橡胶等。油墨可以含有水、有机溶剂、植物油等溶剂。在印刷后,能够通过溶剂挥发、油墨固化等而使油墨干燥。为了促进油墨干燥,可以实施加热、紫外线照射等。印刷层可以包含树脂,也可以是不包含树脂的印刷层。
在层叠膜6上,作为除树脂层以外的不同种类的材料层,除了粘接层、印刷层以外,还可以层叠耐热清漆层、蒸镀层、涂布层等。作为不同种类的材料,可以列举出铝等金属、氧化硅、氧化铝等无机化合物等。在印刷层、涂布层、粘接层等中,作为油墨、涂料、粘接剂等材料,也可以包含除聚乙烯以外的树脂。形成层叠膜6的方法没有特别限定,但可以列举出干式层压、挤出层压、热层压、共挤出、涂布等。为了层叠各层,可以分别使用不同的方法。
在实施方式的层叠膜6中,如粘接层、印刷层、耐热清漆层那样厚度薄的层可以是包含树脂的层。优选的是,除此以外的厚度较厚的层仅为聚乙烯系树脂层。对于厚度薄的层的厚度来说,作为各层的每一层的厚度或各层的总厚度,例如可以列举出10μm以下或5μm以下。
所述层叠膜6可以用于包装袋的制作。图3是示出自立袋10作为使用了层叠膜6的包装袋的一例的主视图,该自立袋10具有中空的容器主体12和安装在容器主体12的一端的倒出口部件14。容器主体12例如由两张平面形状彼此相同的矩形状的主体部膜16和底部膜18形成。主体部膜16和底部膜18均由层叠膜6形成,主体部膜16和底部膜18的各密封剂层8的外缘部彼此热熔接而形成热封部20。由此,容器主体12整体呈袋形状,能够通过倒出口部件14将内容物从容器主体12内排出或注入容器主体12内,在不注入内容物的状态下,容器主体12被压扁而成为平面状。应予说明,本发明不限于自立袋,能够应用于各种包装袋。
所述包装袋只要至少一个部件由所述层叠膜形成即可。在包装袋具有主体部件和底部部件的情况下,优选具有开封部的主体部件使用所述层叠膜。在包装袋的下部,按折线对折的底部部件可以接合在一对主体部件之间。也可以使不具有折线的层叠膜对置,将各层叠膜的周缘部密封,制成平袋。为了使包装袋易于开封,也可以在开封部的周缘形成凹口等豁口。如果在将所述层叠膜6的内表面接合而成的密封部形成豁口,则能够确保包装袋的密封性。
包装袋的尺寸没有特别限定,但例如在换装容器的应用中,可以列举出上下方向的高度为100~500mm左右、左右方向的宽度为70~300mm左右、填充量为100cm3~5000cm3左右。作为内容物的状态,可以列举出液体、粉体、颗粒体等流体。作为内容物的种类,没有特别限定,但可以列举出洗涤剂、药剂、化妆品、医药品、饮料、调味料、油墨、涂料、燃料等。
包装袋可以具有填充口、倒出口等。例如,在包装袋上部将前后主体部件之间开口,能够用于内容物的填充或倒出。也可以在填充内容物后将主体部件之间接合,从而将包装袋密封。在将包装袋开封时,也可以通过将主体部件之间接合的部位切下、撕裂等而去除。由主体部件形成的倒出口也可以形成为在包装袋的上部或角部较细地突出的形状。
以上,基于优选的实施方式对本发明进行了说明,但本发明并不限于上述实施方式,在不脱离本发明的主旨的范围内能够进行各种变更。作为变更,可以列举构成要素的追加、置换、省略、其他变更。
实施方式的层叠膜将聚乙烯系树脂作为主体,因此不限于小袋、袋、容器等包装袋、包装膜等,可以用于各种用途。特别地,由于层叠膜柔软,因此能够形成软包装的包装袋。包装袋可以仅由上述层叠膜形成,也可以与标签(label)、标贴(tag)、吸管、外箱等附属部件组合。从再利用的观点出发,优选能够将附属部件从包装袋分离。
实施例
以下,用实施例进行更具体的说明,但本发明并不限于这些实施例。
(实施例1)
使用三层共挤出装置,制作具有HDPE/MDPE/MDPE这三层的共挤出膜,将这三层沿同一方向进行单轴拉伸,从而能够形成实施例1的膜。另外,通过将实施例1的膜作为基材,在MDPE层一侧隔着粘接层通过干式层压法层叠密封剂层,从而能够形成实施例1的层叠膜。实施例1的层叠膜在热封时具有耐热性。另外,由实施例1的层叠膜制作包装袋,能够在填充内容物并落下时提高包装袋的耐性。
(比较例1)
将HDPE的单轴拉伸膜作为基材,隔着粘接层通过干式层压法层叠密封剂层,从而形成比较例1的层叠膜。虽然比较例1的层叠膜在热封时具有耐热性,但在包装袋中填充内容物而落下时,包装袋容易破裂。
(比较例2)
使用三层共挤出装置,制作具有HDPE/LLDPE/LLDPE这三层的共挤出膜,将这三层沿同一方向进行单轴拉伸,从而形成比较例2的膜。比较例2的膜的卷曲严重,通过干式层压法层叠密封剂层时的加工困难。
工业上的可利用性
根据本发明,通过使用将高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)和中密度聚乙烯(MDPE)通过共挤出而层叠而成的拉伸膜作为基材,能够抑制填充有内容物的包装袋落下时的破裂,因此能够用于工业方面。
Claims (7)
1.一种膜,其特征在于,是将由高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)形成的第一树脂层和由中密度聚乙烯(MDPE)形成的第二树脂层通过共挤出而邻接而成的膜,并且沿同一方向被拉伸。
2.一种膜,其特征在于,是按由高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)形成的第一表面层、由中密度聚乙烯(MDPE)形成的中间层、由中密度聚乙烯(MDPE)形成的第二表面层的顺序通过共挤出而邻接而成的膜,并且沿同一方向被拉伸。
3.根据权利要求2所述的膜,其特征在于,所述中间层含有除树脂以外的添加剂。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的膜,其特征在于,所述同一方向的拉伸倍率为2~10倍。
5.一种层叠膜,其特征在于,将权利要求1至4中任一项所述的膜作为基材,将由聚乙烯系树脂形成的密封剂层层叠于所述基材。
6.根据权利要求5所述的层叠膜,其特征在于,所述由高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)形成的层配置在所述基材的与所述密封剂层相反的一侧。
7.一种包装袋,其特征在于,至少一个部件由权利要求5或6所述的层叠膜形成。
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