CN116780204B - Zero-position-free switch design system of mechanical phased array antenna and control method - Google Patents
Zero-position-free switch design system of mechanical phased array antenna and control method Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/24—Polarising devices; Polarisation filters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
- H01P1/10—Auxiliary devices for switching or interrupting
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
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- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01Q23/00—Antennas with active circuits or circuit elements integrated within them or attached to them
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
- H01Q3/32—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by mechanical means
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Abstract
The invention provides a zero-position-free switch design system and a control method for a mechanical phased array antenna, and relates to the field of phased array antennas. The invention realizes the transmission control of each layer of the phased array antenna by using a gear transmission mode and combining a driving motor, a motor driver and a system controller to mutually cooperate; the driven gear which is coupled with the transmission gear is added at the transmission gear, and the gear coupling pair of the transmission gear and the driven gear is maintained to be integer times, so that error superposition caused by multi-turn rotation is avoided, zero position of a motor winding is not required to be found when power is applied, accurate reset can be realized directly through zero position angle data, and a plurality of problems of zero position switch design are avoided; in addition, different working modes are selected according to different working conditions; when the system power supply does not exist, the antenna vibration data are acquired in real time through the low-power-consumption MEMS vibration sensor, and when the antenna vibration data reach the detection threshold value, the multi-turn absolute encoders of each layer are started to work and supply power, so that the low-power-consumption ultra-long standby is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of phased array antennas, in particular to a zero-position-free switch design system of a mechanical phased array antenna and a control method.
Background
The VICTS antenna is a mechanical scanning type phased array antenna, and the method for realizing radiation by continuously opening through transverse slots on the slab waveguide has the characteristics of large communication capacity, low cost, good mechanical stability and the like, and has excellent practical value in both military and civil fields.
The mechanical phased array antenna can realize the function of two-dimensional scanning of wave beams without adding an additional active radio frequency chip, has the characteristics of ultra-low profile, small size, portability, strong concealment, flexibility, maneuver and the like, is a representation of high-performance, high-mobility, low-profile and low-cost antennas, and can meet the urgent demands of platforms such as vehicles, aircrafts and the like.
The antenna has a 4-layer ultrathin structure, and when in use, the two-dimensional scanning function is realized by adjusting the phase difference between the layers; therefore, before use, each layer needs to be adjusted to the zero position switch so as to initialize the phase; the existing phase adjustment schemes for all layers mainly comprise a direct drive scheme and a transmission scheme, and zero position switch designs are different for different adjustment schemes, but all zero position switches in different forms are required to be arranged to realize initialization reset of all layers.
However, the zero position switch has the problems of difficult installation layout, poor reliability, zero searching fault and the like; therefore, it is necessary to provide a zero-switch-free design system and a control method for a mechanical phased array antenna to solve the above technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the zero-position-free switch design system of the ultralow-profile mechanical phased array antenna is deployed in the ultralow-profile mechanical phased array antenna and comprises a polarization layer A, a polarization layer B, a radiation layer, a feed layer and a system controller, wherein a polarization layer A transmission gear, a polarization layer B transmission gear, a radiation layer transmission gear and a feed layer transmission gear are correspondingly arranged at the outer ring of each layer of the antenna, and are respectively meshed with the transmission gears of all layers through a polarization layer A driving motor, a polarization layer B driving motor, a radiation layer driving motor and a feed layer driving motor, and are controlled by electric signals through the polarization layer A motor driver, the polarization layer B motor driver, the radiation layer motor driver and the feed layer motor driver, and are driven and adjusted through the system controller;
the device is characterized by further comprising a polarization layer A driven gear, a polarization layer B driven gear, a radiation layer driven gear and a feed layer driven gear, which are respectively coupled with the transmission gears of the layers and form an integral multiple gear coupling pair; acquiring limited circle data and deflection angle data of driven gears of all layers through a polarization layer A multi-circle absolute encoder, a polarization layer B multi-circle absolute encoder, a radiation layer multi-circle absolute encoder and a feed layer multi-circle absolute encoder, and calculating by combining a gear coupling pair to obtain zero angle data of all layers;
when the initialization reset is carried out, the zero angle data of each layer of the system controller drives and adjusts the motor drivers of each layer, each layer of driving motor executes the electric signal control of the corresponding motor driver, and the transmission gears of each layer are adjusted to adjust the polarization layer A, the polarization layer B, the radiation layer and the feed layer to the zero position.
As a further solution, a low-power consumption acquisition circuit is also provided, comprising an MCU, a multi-turn absolute encoder interface group and a system communication interface; the MCU is respectively and electrically connected with the multi-turn absolute encoder interface group and the system communication interface, the multi-turn absolute encoder interface group is used for acquiring limited-turn data and deflection angle data of each layer of driven gear, the MCU is used for calculating zero angle data of each layer, and the system communication interface is electrically connected with the system controller and continuously provides zero angle data of each layer.
As a further solution, the low-power consumption acquisition circuit is further provided with an MEMS vibration sensor, a system power supply interface, an independent battery and a power-down memory medium, and is electrically connected with the MCU respectively; the MEMS vibration sensor is arranged on the ultra-low profile mechanical phased array antenna, the system power supply interface is used for acquiring system work power supply, the independent battery is used for acquiring independent work power supply, and the power-down memory medium is used for data storage and power-down storage.
The zero-position-free switch control method for the ultra-low profile mechanical phased array antenna is applied to the zero-position-free switch design system of the ultra-low profile mechanical phased array antenna, and zero-position-free switch control reset is carried out through the following steps:
step S1: acquiring a system power supply interface signal;
if the system power supply exists, entering a normal working mode; if the system power supply does not exist, entering a low-power-consumption working mode;
the normal working mode executes the steps S2.1 to S2.4;
step S2.1: calling a system power supply interface to supply power, and keeping the multi-turn absolute encoder of each layer to work and supply power;
step S2.2: acquiring limited circle data and deflection angle data at a preset sampling frequency;
step S2.3: calculating zero angle data of each layer according to a preset calculation frequency, and storing the zero angle data into a power-down memory medium in real time;
step S2.4: repeating the steps S2.1 to S2.3 until no system power supply exists;
executing the steps S3.1 to S3.5 in the low-power-consumption working mode;
step S3.1: the independent battery is called to supply power, and the working power supply of the multi-turn absolute encoder of each layer is closed;
step S3.2: starting an MEMS vibration sensor to acquire antenna vibration data in real time;
step S3.3: when the vibration data of the antenna reach a detection threshold value, starting the multi-turn absolute encoder of each layer to work and supply power;
step S3.4: collecting limited circle data and deflection angle data at the current moment, starting and storing the data into a power-down memory medium;
step S3.5: judging whether the antenna vibration data is at rest, if so, repeating the steps S2.1 to S2.4 until the system power supply exists, otherwise, returning to the step S3.4;
step S4: when an initialization reset command is obtained, each layer of zero angle data is called and output to a system controller;
step S5: and adjusting the transmission gears of all layers to adjust the polarization layer A, the polarization layer B, the radiation layer and the feed layer to the zero position.
As a still further solution, the zero angle data of each layer is calculated by the following formula:
；
wherein ,for each layer, corresponding number is->Is->Layer zero angle data,/">For the remainder function, ++>Is->Limited circle data of layer, < >>Is->Deflection angle data of the layer.
Compared with the related art, the zero-position-free switch design system and the control method for the mechanical phased array antenna have the following beneficial effects:
the invention abandons the zero switch design, and realizes the transmission control of each layer of the phased array antenna by using a gear transmission mode and combining a driving motor, a motor driver and a system controller to mutually cooperate; a driven gear which is coupled with the transmission gear is added at the transmission gear, and the gear coupling pair of the transmission gear and the driven gear is maintained to be integer times, so that error superposition caused by multiple rotations is avoided; according to the scheme, a zero position switch is not required to be arranged, so that the problems of more sensors, more wiring, poor reliability and the like are avoided, zero positions of motor windings are not required to be found during power-on, and accurate reset can be realized directly through zero position angle data; in addition, different working modes are selected according to different working conditions; when the system supplies power, zero angle data of each layer are acquired and stored in real time so as to realize accurate zero sensing; when the system power supply does not exist, the antenna vibration data are acquired in real time through the low-power-consumption MEMS vibration sensor, and when the antenna vibration data reach the detection threshold value, the multi-turn absolute encoders of each layer are started to work and supply power, so that the low-power-consumption ultra-long standby is realized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure of a mechanical phased array antenna according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a zero-less switch design system according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flow chart of the steps of a zero-position-free switch control method provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the zero-position-free switch design system for an ultralow-profile mechanical phased array antenna provided by the embodiment is deployed in the ultralow-profile mechanical phased array antenna, and comprises a polarization layer a, a polarization layer B, a radiation layer, a feed layer and a system controller, wherein a polarization layer a transmission gear, a polarization layer B transmission gear, a radiation layer transmission gear and a feed layer transmission gear are correspondingly arranged at each outer ring of the antenna, and are respectively meshed with transmission gears of all layers through a polarization layer a driving motor, a polarization layer B driving motor, a radiation layer driving motor and a feed layer driving motor, and are used for controlling electric signals of all driving motors through the polarization layer a motor driver, the polarization layer B motor driver, the radiation layer motor driver and the feed layer motor driver, and driving and adjusting all the motor drivers through the system controller;
the device is characterized by further comprising a polarization layer A driven gear, a polarization layer B driven gear, a radiation layer driven gear and a feed layer driven gear, which are respectively coupled with the transmission gears of the layers and form an integral multiple gear coupling pair; acquiring limited circle data and deflection angle data of driven gears of all layers through a polarization layer A multi-circle absolute encoder, a polarization layer B multi-circle absolute encoder, a radiation layer multi-circle absolute encoder and a feed layer multi-circle absolute encoder, and calculating by combining a gear coupling pair to obtain zero angle data of all layers;
when the initialization reset is carried out, the zero angle data of each layer of the system controller drives and adjusts the motor drivers of each layer, each layer of driving motor executes the electric signal control of the corresponding motor driver, and the transmission gears of each layer are adjusted to adjust the polarization layer A, the polarization layer B, the radiation layer and the feed layer to the zero position.
It should be noted that: the zero position switch design of the existing adjusting schemes is different; wherein, direct drive scheme: rotor permanent magnets are arranged on the outer ring of 4 layers, and 4 Hall zero switches are arranged on the axial surface; the change of the permanent magnet is induced by the linear Hall sensor, so that the increment position of each antenna layer is obtained; detecting zero positions through a Hall switch to obtain zero points of all layers; when initialization reset is carried out, the two sensors are matched to obtain the absolute position of each antenna layer; however, zero position of a motor winding is required to be found when the motor is electrified, so that the driving performance of the motor is poor; in addition, under load change conditions such as impact, vibration, low temperature and the like, the motor driver is easy to find zero faults, and the system cannot work.
The transmission scheme is as follows: the gear or the synchronous belt is driven, an incremental sensor is arranged on a motor shaft, a zero sensor is arranged on each antenna layer, and the absolute position of each antenna layer is obtained through the cooperation of the two sensors; however, the angle position detection scheme of 'increasing position plus zero position' needs to set 8 zero position switches on Ku receiving and transmitting antennas, and has difficult installation and layout of large-size machinery; therefore, the problems of more sensors, more wiring, poor reliability, high and low temperature impact vibration environment and inaccurate zero detection exist; and the power-on needs to return to zero every time, the equipment is long in starting time and unstable in work.
Therefore, the zero-position switch design is abandoned, and the transmission control of each layer of the phased array antenna is realized by using a gear transmission mode and combining a driving motor, a motor driver and a system controller to mutually cooperate; a driven gear is added at the transmission gear and is coupled with the transmission gear, and the gear coupling pair of the transmission gear (large) and the driven gear (small) is maintained to be integral multiple, so that error superposition caused by multiple rotations is avoided; the multi-circle absolute encoder is used for collecting limited circle data and deflection angle data of each layer of driven gears, the gear coupling pair is combined to calculate zero angle data of each layer, each layer can be adjusted to the corresponding zero position through the zero angle data, zero switches are not required to be arranged, the problems of more sensors, more wiring, poor reliability and the like are avoided, zero positions of motor windings are not required to be found during power-on, and accurate reset can be achieved through the zero angle data.
As shown in fig. 2, as a further solution, a low-power acquisition circuit is also provided, including an MCU, a multi-turn absolute encoder interface group, and a system communication interface; the MCU is respectively and electrically connected with the multi-turn absolute encoder interface group and the system communication interface, the multi-turn absolute encoder interface group is used for acquiring limited-turn data and deflection angle data of each layer of driven gear, the MCU is used for calculating zero angle data of each layer, and the system communication interface is electrically connected with the system controller and continuously provides zero angle data of each layer.
It should be noted that: the limited circle data and deflection angle data of each layer are obtained through the multi-circle absolute encoder interface group, the MCU is used for working with low energy consumption, zero angle data of each layer are obtained through calculation, and the zero angle data are provided for a system controller through a system communication interface, so that modularized low-power-consumption operation is realized.
As shown in fig. 2, as a further solution, the low-power consumption acquisition circuit is further provided with a MEMS vibration sensor, a system power supply interface, an independent battery and a power-down memory medium, and is electrically connected with the MCU respectively; the MEMS vibration sensor is arranged on the ultra-low profile mechanical phased array antenna, the system power supply interface is used for acquiring system work power supply, the independent battery is used for acquiring independent work power supply, and the power-down memory medium is used for data storage and power-down storage.
It should be noted that: in order to ensure that the monitoring of zero angle data of each layer is still kept when the system is powered down, an independent battery is arranged on a low-power acquisition circuit to ensure that the system is independently powered, a power-down memory medium is used for ensuring that the power-down memory data are effective, dynamic sensing is realized through an MEMS vibration sensor, and a plurality of circles of absolute encoders are started after vibration occurs, so that low-power standby operation is realized, and the zero angle data are effective.
As shown in fig. 3, a zero-position-free switch control method for an ultra-low profile mechanical phased array antenna is applied to the zero-position-free switch design system for an ultra-low profile mechanical phased array antenna, and the zero-position-free switch control reset is performed by the following steps:
step S1: acquiring a system power supply interface signal;
if the system power supply exists, entering a normal working mode; if the system power supply does not exist, entering a low-power-consumption working mode;
the normal working mode executes the steps S2.1 to S2.4;
step S2.1: calling a system power supply interface to supply power, and keeping the multi-turn absolute encoder of each layer to work and supply power;
step S2.2: acquiring limited circle data and deflection angle data at a preset sampling frequency;
step S2.3: calculating zero angle data of each layer according to a preset calculation frequency, and storing the zero angle data into a power-down memory medium in real time;
step S2.4: repeating the steps S2.1 to S2.3 until no system power supply exists;
executing the steps S3.1 to S3.5 in the low-power-consumption working mode;
step S3.1: the independent battery is called to supply power, and the working power supply of the multi-turn absolute encoder of each layer is closed;
step S3.2: starting an MEMS vibration sensor to acquire antenna vibration data in real time;
step S3.3: when the vibration data of the antenna reach a detection threshold value, starting the multi-turn absolute encoder of each layer to work and supply power;
step S3.4: collecting limited circle data and deflection angle data at the current moment, starting and storing the data into a power-down memory medium;
step S3.5: judging whether the antenna vibration data is at rest, if so, repeating the steps S2.1 to S2.4 until the system power supply exists, otherwise, returning to the step S3.4;
step S4: when an initialization reset command is obtained, each layer of zero angle data is called and output to a system controller;
step S5: and adjusting the transmission gears of all layers to adjust the polarization layer A, the polarization layer B, the radiation layer and the feed layer to the zero position.
It should be noted that: in the embodiment, different working modes are selected according to different working conditions; when the system supplies power, zero angle data of each layer are acquired and stored in real time so as to realize accurate zero sensing; when the system power supply does not exist, the antenna vibration data are acquired in real time through the low-power-consumption MEMS vibration sensor, and when the antenna vibration data reach the detection threshold value, the multi-turn absolute encoders of each layer are restarted to work and supply power (the power consumption is larger), so that the low-power-consumption ultra-long standby is realized. And (3) injection: after default power failure, the rotation angle of the antenna is not too large and does not exceed the sensing range of the multi-turn absolute encoder; therefore, effective zero angle data can be obtained only by collecting after the motion occurs.
As a still further solution, the zero angle data of each layer is calculated by the following formula:
；
wherein ,for each layer, corresponding number is->Is->Layer zero angle data,/">For the remainder function, ++>Is->Limited circle data of layer, < >>Is->Deflection angle data of the layer.
The foregoing is only illustrative of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, and all equivalent structures or equivalent flow modifications which may be made by the teachings of the present invention and the accompanying drawings or which may be directly or indirectly employed in other related art are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. The zero-position-free switch design system of the ultralow-profile mechanical phased array antenna is deployed in the ultralow-profile mechanical phased array antenna and comprises a polarization layer A, a polarization layer B, a radiation layer, a feed layer and a system controller, and is characterized in that a polarization layer A transmission gear, a polarization layer B transmission gear, a radiation layer transmission gear and a feed layer transmission gear are correspondingly arranged at the outer ring of each layer of the antenna, and are respectively meshed with the transmission gears of all layers through a polarization layer A driving motor, a polarization layer B driving motor, a radiation layer driving motor and a feed layer driving motor, and are controlled by electric signals through the polarization layer A motor driver, the polarization layer B motor driver, the radiation layer motor driver and the feed layer motor driver, and are driven and adjusted through the system controller;
the device is characterized by further comprising a polarization layer A driven gear, a polarization layer B driven gear, a radiation layer driven gear and a feed layer driven gear, which are respectively coupled with the transmission gears of the layers and form an integral multiple gear coupling pair; acquiring limited circle data and deflection angle data of driven gears of all layers through a polarization layer A multi-circle absolute encoder, a polarization layer B multi-circle absolute encoder, a radiation layer multi-circle absolute encoder and a feed layer multi-circle absolute encoder, and calculating by combining a gear coupling pair to obtain zero angle data of all layers;
when the initialization reset is carried out, the system controller drives and adjusts the motor drivers of each layer according to zero angle data of each layer, each layer of driving motor executes electric signal control of the corresponding motor driver, and adjusts the transmission gears of each layer to adjust the polarization layer A, the polarization layer B, the radiation layer and the feed layer to the zero position.
2. The ultralow-profile mechanical phased-array antenna zero-position switch design system according to claim 1, further comprising a low-power acquisition circuit, wherein the low-power acquisition circuit comprises an MCU, a multi-turn absolute encoder interface group and a system communication interface; the MCU is respectively and electrically connected with the multi-turn absolute encoder interface group and the system communication interface, the multi-turn absolute encoder interface group is used for acquiring limited-turn data and deflection angle data of each layer of driven gear, the MCU is used for calculating zero angle data of each layer, and the system communication interface is electrically connected with the system controller and continuously provides zero angle data of each layer.
3. The ultralow-profile mechanical phased array antenna zero-position switch design system according to claim 2, wherein the low-power acquisition circuit is further provided with an MEMS vibration sensor, a system power supply interface, an independent battery and a power-down memory medium, and is electrically connected with the MCU respectively; the MEMS vibration sensor is arranged on the ultra-low profile mechanical phased array antenna, the system power supply interface is used for acquiring system work power supply, the independent battery is used for acquiring independent work power supply, and the power-down memory medium is used for data storage and power-down storage.
4. The zero-position-free switch control method for the ultra-low profile mechanical phased array antenna is applied to the zero-position-free switch design system of the ultra-low profile mechanical phased array antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 3, and is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step S1: acquiring a system power supply interface signal;
if the system power supply exists, entering a normal working mode; if the system power supply does not exist, entering a low-power-consumption working mode;
the normal working mode executes the steps S2.1 to S2.4;
step S2.1: calling a system power supply interface to supply power, and keeping the multi-turn absolute encoder of each layer to work and supply power;
step S2.2: acquiring limited circle data and deflection angle data at a preset sampling frequency;
step S2.3: calculating zero angle data of each layer according to a preset calculation frequency, and storing the zero angle data into a power-down memory medium in real time;
step S2.4: repeating the steps S2.1 to S2.3 until no system power supply exists;
executing the steps S3.1 to S3.5 in the low-power-consumption working mode;
step S3.1: the independent battery is called to supply power, and the working power supply of the multi-turn absolute encoder of each layer is closed;
step S3.2: starting an MEMS vibration sensor to acquire antenna vibration data in real time;
step S3.3: when the vibration data of the antenna reach a detection threshold value, starting the multi-turn absolute encoder of each layer to work and supply power;
step S3.4: collecting limited circle data and deflection angle data at the current moment, starting and storing the data into a power-down memory medium;
step S3.5: judging whether the antenna vibration data is at rest, if so, repeating the steps S2.1 to S2.4 until the system power supply exists, otherwise, returning to the step S3.4;
step S4: when an initialization reset command is obtained, each layer of zero angle data is called and output to a system controller;
step S5: and adjusting the transmission gears of all layers to adjust the polarization layer A, the polarization layer B, the radiation layer and the feed layer to the zero position.
5. The method for zero-position-free switch control of an ultra-low profile mechanical phased array antenna of claim 4, wherein the zero angle data of each layer is calculated by the following formula:
；
wherein ,ithe layers are correspondingly numbered,θ i is thatiLayer zero-bit angle data are provided,MODas a function of the remainder,M i is thatiThe limited-turn data of the layer,K i is thatiThe deflection angle data of the layer,Nthe coupling pair is an integral multiple gear coupling pair corresponding to the transmission gear and the driven gear.
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