CN116748601B - Valve body machining equipment and machining method - Google Patents
Valve body machining equipment and machining method Download PDFInfo
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- CN116748601B CN116748601B CN202311051435.4A CN202311051435A CN116748601B CN 116748601 B CN116748601 B CN 116748601B CN 202311051435 A CN202311051435 A CN 202311051435A CN 116748601 B CN116748601 B CN 116748601B
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- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D79/00—Methods, machines, or devices not covered elsewhere, for working metal by removal of material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
- B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q5/00—Driving or feeding mechanisms; Control arrangements therefor
- B23Q5/22—Feeding members carrying tools or work
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q5/00—Driving or feeding mechanisms; Control arrangements therefor
- B23Q5/22—Feeding members carrying tools or work
- B23Q5/32—Feeding working-spindles
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Turning (AREA)
- Drilling And Boring (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of machining and manufacturing, and relates to machining equipment and a machining method of a valve body, wherein the machining equipment is used for machining an eccentric hole on the valve body made of titanium alloy, the eccentric hole is constructed as an eccentric round hole which is gradually enlarged from top to bottom, and the equipment comprises a control device, a main shaft and a cutter disc positioned at the lower end of the main shaft; the main shaft is also provided with a cutter adjusting device, the control device is electrically connected with the cutter adjusting device, and the cutter adjusting device is used for adjusting the cutter on the cutter disc to move in a telescopic way along the radial direction of the main shaft so as to adjust the diameter of a round hole machined by the cutter; when the eccentric hole is machined, the control device controls the spindle to move along the movement track of the spindle, and simultaneously controls the cutter on the cutter disc to move in a telescopic way along the radial direction of the spindle. The processing equipment can improve the processing precision and the processing efficiency of the eccentric hole on the valve body.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of machining and manufacturing, and relates to machining equipment and a machining method for a valve body.
Background
Titanium alloy materials are widely used in the aerospace field due to excellent properties such as high specific strength, low density, corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance and the like. However, due to the characteristics of small heat conductivity coefficient, low elastic modulus, high chemical activity and the like of the titanium alloy, the processing difficulty of the titanium alloy material is high, and the processing efficiency of the titanium alloy is easy to influence.
In an aeroengine, it is necessary to machine a titanium alloy valve body having an eccentric hole. In order to ensure accurate matching between the eccentric hole of the valve body and the cylinder, the requirement on the machining precision of the eccentric hole is high. The existing processing equipment is not ideal in preparation effect on the valve body, low in processing precision and low in processing efficiency. Accordingly, there is a need to provide an apparatus for processing the valve body to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a valve body machining device and a valve body machining method.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the processing equipment is used for processing an eccentric hole on a valve body made of titanium alloy, the eccentric hole is configured as an eccentric round hole which is gradually enlarged from top to bottom, and the processing equipment comprises a control device, a main shaft and a cutter disc positioned at the lower end of the main shaft; the main shaft is also provided with a cutter adjusting device, the control device is electrically connected with the cutter adjusting device, and the cutter adjusting device is used for adjusting the cutter on the cutter disc to move in a telescopic way along the radial direction of the main shaft so as to adjust the diameter of a round hole machined by the cutter; when the eccentric hole is machined, the control device controls the spindle to move along the movement track of the spindle, and simultaneously controls the cutter on the cutter disc to move in a telescopic way along the radial direction of the spindle; the spindle moving track and the axis of the spindle are provided with a set angle.
Preferably, when the eccentric hole is machined, firstly measuring the inner surface of the valve body blank to obtain the actual blank size; the control device determines the minimum machining radius, the maximum machining radius and the final machined and formed valve hole radius of the eccentric hole in each machining section according to the obtained actual blank size; calculating an intermediate machining radius according to the maximum machining radius and the valve hole radius; the control device controls a cutter on the cutter disc to extend from the minimum machining radius to the middle machining radius along the radial direction of the main shaft, so that a first machining stage of the eccentric hole on the machining section is completed; then, the control device controls a cutter on the cutter disc to extend from the middle machining radius to the valve hole radius along the radial direction of the main shaft, so as to complete a second machining stage of the eccentric hole on the machining section; wherein the intermediate machining radius is greater than the maximum machining radius.
Preferably, the intermediate working radius is (1-alpha) D 2 +αD 3 Wherein D is 2 For the maximum machining radius; d (D) 3 Is the radius of the valve hole; alpha is an adjustment coefficient, and the value is 0.5-0.7.
Preferably, the extension speed of the cutter from the minimum machining radius to the intermediate machining radius along the radial direction of the main shaft is smaller than the extension speed from the intermediate machining radius to the valve hole radius.
Preferably, the cutting speed of the first processing stage is 0.7-0.85 times of the cutting speed of the second processing stage.
A processing method for the aforementioned processing apparatus, comprising the steps of:
step 1: measuring the inner surface of a valve body blank to obtain the actual blank size;
step 2: dividing the valve body blank to be processed into j processing sections along the feeding direction, wherein j is an integer greater than or equal to 2; the control device determines the minimum machining radius, the maximum machining radius and the final machined and formed valve hole radius of the eccentric hole of the valve body blank in each machining section according to the obtained actual blank size, and i=1;
step 3: the control device obtains the D of the ith processing section according to the step 2 i2 And D i3 According to formula (1-alpha) D i2 +αD i3 Calculation D im Wherein alpha is an adjustment coefficient, and the value is 0.5-0.7; d (D) i2 For the maximum working radius of the ith working section, D i3 Valve bore radius for ith machined section, D im An intermediate machining radius for the ith machining section;
step 4: the control device controls the spindle to move to the ith processing section along the movement track of the spindle, and controls the cutter on the cutter disc to move from D along the radial direction of the spindle i1 Extend to D im Completing a first processing stage of the eccentric hole on an ith processing section; wherein D is i1 The minimum machining radius of the ith machining section;
step 5: the position of the main shaft is kept unchanged, and the control device controls the cutter on the cutter disc to be driven by D along the radial direction of the main shaft im Extend to D i3 Completing a second processing stage of the eccentric hole on the ith processing section;
step 6: let i=i+1 and repeat the processing procedure of step 3-step 5 until i=j, and thus finish the eccentric hole processing of the valve body.
Preferably, in the step 4, the cutter is radially moved along the main shaft by D i1 Extend to D im Is less than the elongation speed from D in the step 5 im Extend to D i3 Is a function of the elongation speed of the steel sheet.
Preferably, the cutting speed in the step 4 is 0.7 to 0.85 times the cutting speed in the step 5.
Compared with the prior art, the processing equipment and the processing method for the valve body provided by the invention have the following beneficial technical effects:
1. according to the processing equipment provided by the invention, when the eccentric hole on the valve body is processed, the control device controls the spindle to move along the movement track of the spindle, and simultaneously, the radial extension of the cutter on the cutter disc along the spindle is regulated according to the set cutting depth, so that the diameter of the round hole processed by the cutter is gradually increased, and the eccentric hole required on the valve body can be processed simply and conveniently.
2. In the invention, the valve body blank to be processed is divided into a plurality of processing sections along the feeding direction, and the valve body is processed and molded in two processing stages in each processing section. The cutter is controlled to stretch at a smaller stretching speed in the first processing stage, and the main shaft is controlled to process at a smaller cutting speed, so that the instant impact on the cutter can be reduced, the service life of the cutter is prolonged, the cutter head is prevented from vibrating, and the processing precision of the valve body is improved. In the second processing stage, the cutter is controlled to stretch at a larger stretching speed, and the main shaft is controlled to process at a larger cutting speed, so that eccentric hole processing can be rapidly completed, and processing efficiency is improved. Therefore, the machining precision and the machining efficiency during the machining of the eccentric holes are both considered.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a first station for processing a valve body;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a second station for processing a valve body;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of one of the machined cross-sections of the valve body;
wherein the reference symbols in the figures have the following meanings:
1. a valve body; 2. a main shaft; 3. a cutterhead; 11. a spindle movement track; 12. standard valve bore size; 13. actual blank size; 21. a tool adjusting device.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the invention.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of some embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that, under the condition of no conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features and technical solutions in the embodiments may be combined with each other.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, the terms "upper", "lower", and the like indicate an azimuth or a positional relationship based on the azimuth or the positional relationship shown in the drawings, or an azimuth or a positional relationship conventionally put in use of the inventive product, or an azimuth or a positional relationship conventionally understood by those skilled in the art, such terms are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element to be referred must have a specific azimuth, be constructed and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used merely to distinguish between descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
As shown in fig. 1-2, the invention provides a device for processing an eccentric hole on a titanium alloy valve body 1, wherein the eccentric hole is formed as an eccentric round hole which gradually increases from top to bottom. The device comprises a control device (not shown in the figure), a main shaft 2 and a cutterhead 3 positioned at the lower end of the main shaft 2; the main shaft 2 is also provided with a cutter adjusting device 21, the control device is electrically connected with the cutter adjusting device 21, and the cutter adjusting device 21 is used for adjusting the cutter on the cutter disc 3 to move in a telescopic way along the radial direction of the main shaft 2 so as to adjust the diameter of a round hole machined by the cutter. When the eccentric hole is machined, the control device controls the spindle 2 to move along the spindle moving track 11, and simultaneously controls the cutter on the cutter disc 3 to move in a telescopic way along the radial direction of the spindle 2. The spindle movement path 11 has a set angle with respect to the axis of the spindle 2.
According to the machining equipment provided by the invention, when the eccentric hole on the valve body 1 is machined, the control device controls the spindle 2 to move along the spindle moving track 11, and simultaneously, the radial extension of the cutter on the cutter disc 3 along the spindle 2 is regulated according to the set cutting depth, so that the diameter of a round hole machined by the cutter is gradually increased, and the standard valve hole size 12 required on the valve body 1 can be machined simply and conveniently.
There is a certain error between the actually prepared valve body blank and the designed valve body blank. The inner surface of the valve body blank according to the invention is in fact an irregular eccentric bore with the actual blank size 13. In the process of machining, when the cutter is controlled to extend along the radial direction of the main shaft 2 to machine the valve hole, the cutter is subjected to irregular acting force, so that the cutter is subjected to instant impact, the service life of the cutter is reduced, and meanwhile, the whole cutter disc is easy to vibrate, so that the machining precision of the valve hole is affected.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following preferred embodiments. As shown in fig. 3, when the eccentric hole is machined, the inner surface of the valve body blank is measured by the measuring device to obtain the actual blank size 13. Wherein, measuring device is used for measuring the internal surface size of valve body blank. The control device determines the minimum machining radius D of the eccentric hole in each machining section according to the obtained actual blank size 13 1 Maximum working radius D 2 Valve hole radius D of final machining 3 According to the maximum working radius D 2 And valve hole radius D 3 Calculating the intermediate machining radius D m 。
The control device controls the cutter on the cutter disc 3 to move along the radial direction of the main shaft 2 from the minimum machining radius D 1 Extend to intermediate working radius D m The first machining stage of the eccentric hole on the machined section is completed. Subsequently, the control device controls the cutters on the cutterhead 3 from the intermediate machining radius D in the radial direction of the main shaft 2 m Extend to the radius D of the valve hole 3 The second machining stage of the eccentric hole on the machined section is completed. Wherein the intermediate working radius D m Greater than the maximum working radius D 2 。
Preferably, the intermediate working radius D m Is (1-alpha) D 2 +αD 3 Wherein alpha is an adjustment coefficient, takingThe value is 0.5 to 0.7.
Preferably, the tool is radially displaced along the spindle by a minimum machining radius D 1 Extend to intermediate working radius D m Is less than the intermediate working radius D m Extend to the radius D of the valve hole 3 Is a function of the elongation speed of the steel sheet.
Preferably, the cutting speed of the first processing stage is 0.7-0.85 times of the cutting speed of the second processing stage.
Preferably, the invention also provides a processing method for processing the eccentric hole on the valve body made of the titanium alloy, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: the measuring device measures the inner surface of the valve body blank to obtain the actual blank size.
Step 2: dividing a valve body blank to be processed into j processing sections along a feeding direction, wherein j is an integer greater than or equal to 2; the control device determines the minimum machining radius, the maximum machining radius and the final machined and formed valve hole radius of the eccentric hole of the valve body blank at each machining section according to the obtained actual blank size, and makes i=1.
Step 3: the control device obtains the D of the ith processing section according to the step 2 i2 And D i3 According to formula (1-alpha) D i2 +αD i3 Calculation D im Wherein alpha is an adjustment coefficient, and the value is 0.5-0.7; d (D) i2 For the maximum working radius of the ith working section, D i3 Valve bore radius for ith machined section, D im Is the intermediate machining radius of the ith machining section.
Step 4: the control device controls the spindle 2 to move to the ith processing section along the spindle moving track 11 and controls the cutter on the cutter disc 3 to move from D along the radial direction of the spindle 2 i1 Extend to D im Completing a first processing stage of the eccentric hole on the ith processing section; wherein D is i1 Is the minimum machining radius of the ith machining section.
Step 5: the position of the main shaft 2 is kept unchanged, and the control device controls the cutter on the cutter disc 3 to be driven by D along the radial direction of the main shaft 2 im Extend to D i3 The second machining stage of the eccentric hole on the ith machining section is completed.
Step 6: let i=i+1 and repeat the processing procedure of steps 3 to 5 until i=j, and finish the eccentric hole processing of the valve body.
Preferably, in step 4, the tool is radially displaced along the spindle by D i1 Extend to D im Is less than the elongation speed from D in step 5 im Extend to D i3 Is a function of the elongation speed of the steel sheet.
Preferably, the cutting speed in step 4 is 0.7 to 0.85 times the cutting speed in step 5.
In the above embodiment, the valve body blank to be machined is divided into a plurality of machining sections in the feed direction, and the valve body machining and forming is completed in two machining stages at each machining section.
In the first processing stage of the invention, the cutter just begins to process the valve body blank, the inner surface of the valve body blank is in an irregular state, at the moment, the cutter is controlled to stretch at a small stretching speed, and the main shaft is controlled to process at a small cutting speed, so that the instant impact on the cutter can be reduced, the service life of the cutter is prolonged, the flutter of the cutter head is avoided, and the processing precision of the valve body is improved.
In the first machining stage of the invention, the control means control the cutting tools on the cutterhead 3 from a minimum machining radius D in the radial direction of the spindle 2 1 Extend to intermediate working radius D m ，D m Is (1-alpha) D 2 +αD 3 Wherein alpha is an adjustment coefficient and the value is 0.5-0.7. The processing arrangement ensures that after the first processing stage is completed, a surface with uniform allowance to be processed can be formed on the inner surface of the valve body.
In the second processing stage of the invention, the processing allowance of the inner surface of the valve body is uniform, so that the cutter is controlled to stretch at a larger stretching speed, and the main shaft is controlled to process at a larger cutting speed, thereby rapidly completing eccentric hole processing and improving the processing efficiency. Therefore, the machining precision and the machining efficiency during the machining of the eccentric holes are both considered.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention and not for limiting the technical solutions described in the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail in the present specification with reference to the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments, and thus any modifications or equivalent substitutions are made to the present invention; all technical solutions and modifications thereof that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be included in the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (1)
1. The processing method of the valve body is characterized in that the valve body is processed by processing equipment, the processing equipment is used for processing eccentric holes on the valve body made of titanium alloy, and the eccentric holes are formed into eccentric round holes which become larger gradually from top to bottom, and the processing method is characterized in that: the device comprises a controller, a main shaft and a cutter disc positioned at the lower end of the main shaft; the main shaft is also provided with a cutter adjusting device, the controller is electrically connected with the cutter adjusting device, and the cutter adjusting device is used for adjusting the cutter on the cutter disc to move in a telescopic way along the radial direction of the main shaft so as to adjust the diameter of a round hole machined by the cutter; when the eccentric hole is machined, the controller controls the spindle to move along a spindle moving track, and simultaneously controls a cutter on the cutter disc to move in a telescopic way along the radial direction of the spindle; wherein the main shaft moving track and the axis of the main shaft have a set angle;
the processing method comprises the following steps:
step 1: the measuring device measures the inner surface of the valve body blank to obtain the actual blank size;
step 2: dividing the valve body blank to be processed into j processing sections along the feeding direction, wherein j is an integer greater than or equal to 2; the control device determines the minimum machining radius, the maximum machining radius and the final machined and formed valve hole radius of the eccentric hole of the valve body blank in each machining section according to the obtained actual blank size, and the i=1;
step 3: the control device obtains the D of the ith processing section according to the step 2 i2 And D i3 According to formula (1-alpha) D i2 +αD i3 Calculation D im Wherein alpha is an adjustment coefficient, and the value is 0.5-0.7; d (D) i2 For the maximum working radius of the ith working section, D i3 Valve bore radius for ith machined section, D im An intermediate machining radius for the ith machining section;
step 4: the control device controls the spindle to move to the ith processing section along the movement track of the spindle, and controls the cutter on the cutter disc to move from D along the radial direction of the spindle i1 Extend to D im Completing a first processing stage of the eccentric hole on an ith processing section; wherein D is i1 The minimum machining radius of the ith machining section;
step 5: the position of the main shaft is kept unchanged, and the control device controls the cutter on the cutter disc to be driven by D along the radial direction of the main shaft im Extend to D i3 Completing a second processing stage of the eccentric hole on the ith processing section;
step 6: let i=i+1 and repeatedly perform the processing procedure of the step 3-the step 5 until i=j, and thus finishing the eccentric hole processing of the valve body;
the cutter in the step 4 is radially formed by D along the main shaft i1 Extend to D im Is less than the elongation speed from D in the step 5 im Extend to D i3 Is a stretch rate of (2);
the cutting speed in the step 4 is 0.7-0.85 times of the cutting speed in the step 5.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202311051435.4A CN116748601B (en) | 2023-08-21 | 2023-08-21 | Valve body machining equipment and machining method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202311051435.4A CN116748601B (en) | 2023-08-21 | 2023-08-21 | Valve body machining equipment and machining method |
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| CN116748601A CN116748601A (en) | 2023-09-15 |
| CN116748601B true CN116748601B (en) | 2023-10-20 |
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