CN116706514A

CN116706514A - Antenna unit, antenna system and electronic equipment

Info

Publication number: CN116706514A
Application number: CN202310217602.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陆必茂; 李亚朋
Original assignee: Shenzhen Twowing Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Shenzhen Twowing Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2023-02-28
Filing date: 2023-02-28
Publication date: 2023-09-05

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of antennas, and provides an antenna unit, an antenna system and electronic equipment, wherein the antenna unit comprises: a first vibrator and a second vibrator; a first gap is arranged between the first vibrator and the second vibrator; a first feeding point is arranged on the first oscillator, and a second feeding point is arranged on the second oscillator; the first oscillator and the second oscillator are used for receiving and transmitting signals of a first frequency band; the first gap is used for receiving and transmitting signals of the second frequency band. Thus, the antenna unit can cover a wider frequency band and reduce the volume of the wireless router.

Description

Antenna unit, antenna system and electronic equipment

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of antenna technologies, and in particular, to an antenna unit, an antenna system, and an electronic device.

Background

With the development of technology, wireless communication technology is already indistinct from the daily life of people, such as mobile phones, tablet computers and the like. Wireless routers have been widely used in people's lives as transit transmission devices for wireless communications, and antennas of wireless routers carry the important task of radiating and/or receiving electromagnetic wave signals.

In the prior art, an antenna of a wireless router may radiate and/or receive electromagnetic wave signals in one or two frequency bands.

However, due to the rapid development of wireless communication technology, it is desirable that the antenna of the wireless router can radiate and/or receive electromagnetic wave signals with higher frequencies and wider frequency bands, and thus a plurality of antennas are required to cover the wider frequency bands, so that the number of antennas of the wireless router increases, and a larger space is occupied, resulting in an increase in the size of the wireless router.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the application provides an antenna unit, an antenna system and electronic equipment, which can solve the problem of the prior art that the volume of a wireless router is increased due to the increase of the number of antennas when a wider frequency band is to be covered.

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna unit, including: a first vibrator and a second vibrator; a first gap is arranged between the first vibrator and the second vibrator; a first feeding point is arranged on the first oscillator, and a second feeding point is arranged on the second oscillator; the first oscillator and the second oscillator are used for receiving and transmitting signals of a first frequency band; the first gap is used for receiving and transmitting signals of the second frequency band.

The antenna unit can work in two different antenna forms under different frequency bands through a limited number of antenna elements respectively to form two resonance states, so that one antenna unit can radiate and/or receive signals of multiple frequency bands simultaneously. The slot antenna is combined with a single microstrip antenna or FPC (Flexible Printed Circuit, flexible printed circuit board) antenna form, thereby increasing a resonance state without increasing the number of vibrators. Compared with the traditional mode of directly covering a wide frequency band by increasing the number of the antenna elements, the number of the antenna elements is reduced, and the size of the antenna element is further reduced. Meanwhile, the volume of the wireless router and other electronic equipment can be reduced, and the manufacturing cost of the wireless router and other electronic equipment can be saved.

In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the first slit is in a concave structure, and the first vibrator is enclosed outside the second vibrator in the concave structure.

In the application, when the antenna unit works in the second frequency band, the first slot in the antenna unit is used for receiving and transmitting signals in the second frequency band, and at the moment, the antenna unit is in the form of a slot antenna.

In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the second vibrator is a rectangle with a rectangular notch, and the rectangular notch is arranged along an edge of the rectangle.

In the application, the second oscillator can be rectangular with a rectangular notch, so that the second oscillator and the first oscillator form a microstrip antenna, and the microstrip antenna can be used for receiving and transmitting signals with different frequency bands from signals transmitted and received by the first gap. The size of the rectangular notch is convenient for setting during simulation, so that the design difficulty is reduced; the processing size is also convenient to control, and the difficulty of production and manufacture is reduced.

In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the rectangular notch includes a first notch, where the first notch is formed at a first corner of the rectangle, and the first corner is a corner of the rectangle near the antenna unit.

In the application, the second oscillator can be a rectangle provided with a rectangular notch, and the rectangular notch can be positioned at a corner of the second oscillator close to the inside of the antenna unit, so that the second oscillator and the first oscillator can form a microstrip antenna, can be used for receiving and transmitting signals of a specific frequency range, and can enable the frequency range covered by the antenna unit to be wider.

In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the rectangular notch further includes a second notch, where the second notch is opened at a second corner of the rectangle, and the second corner is a diagonal corner of the first corner.

In the application, the second oscillator can also be a rectangle provided with two rectangular gaps, the first rectangular gap can be positioned at one corner of the second oscillator close to the inside of the antenna unit, and the second rectangular gap can be positioned at the opposite corner of the second oscillator close to one corner of the inside of the antenna unit, so that the second oscillator and the first oscillator form a microstrip antenna, and the microstrip antenna can be used for receiving and transmitting signals with different signal types from the antenna unit comprising the second oscillator provided with one rectangular gap, so that the frequency range covered by the antenna unit is wider.

In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the first feeding point is a rectangular structure recessed in the first oscillator, the second feeding point is a rectangular structure protruding out of the second oscillator, and the first feeding point and the second feeding point are opposite in convex-concave structure.

The first feed point of the antenna unit may be connected with a cable shielding layer of the output cable, the second feed point may be connected with a cable core of the output cable, feeding is achieved, and the concave-convex opposite feed point structure may facilitate connection of the feed point and the output cable.

In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the first frequency band is lower than the second frequency band.

The antenna unit can work in two different antenna forms under different frequency bands through a limited number of antenna elements respectively to form two resonance states, so that one antenna unit can radiate and/or receive signals of multiple frequency bands simultaneously.

In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the first frequency band is a frequency band of WIFI (Wireless Fidelity ) 2.4G, and the second frequency band is a frequency band of WIFI5.8G;

or the first frequency band is a low-frequency band of cellular mobile communication, and the second frequency band is a middle-frequency band and a high-frequency band of cellular mobile communication.

Compared with the single microstrip antenna or FPC antenna, the application combines the slot antenna, thereby increasing a resonance state without increasing the number of vibrators. Compared with the traditional mode of directly covering a wide frequency band by increasing the number of the antenna elements, the number of the antenna elements is reduced, and the size of the antenna element is further reduced. Meanwhile, the volume of the wireless router and other electronic equipment can be reduced, and the manufacturing cost of the wireless router and other electronic equipment can be saved.

In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the antenna unit is in the form of a microstrip antenna or in the form of a flexible circuit board.

When the antenna unit is in the form of a PCB (Printed Circuit Board ) microstrip antenna, the antenna unit is not easy to damage and has high reliability; when the FPC antenna is adopted, the FPC antenna is lighter, thinner and miniaturized, and the flexible characteristic enables the application scene to be more flexible.

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna system, including two antenna units according to any one of the first aspect, where the two antenna units include a first antenna unit and a second antenna unit.

In a possible implementation manner of the second aspect, an isolation belt is disposed between the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit.

The isolation belt is arranged between the two antenna units, so that the two antenna units can be separated, and interference caused by the two antenna units during working is avoided.

In a possible implementation manner of the second aspect, a distance between the first end of the first antenna unit and the first end of the second antenna unit is greater than a distance between the second end of the first antenna unit and the first end of the second antenna unit, the first end of the first antenna unit is an end far away from the isolation belt, the second end of the first antenna unit is an end near the isolation belt, and the first end of the second antenna unit is an end near the isolation belt.

Therefore, the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit can be orderly arranged, the size of the antenna is reduced, and subsequent maintenance or repair can be facilitated.

In a possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the first antenna unit is configured to receive and send signals in a WIFI frequency band, and the second antenna unit is configured to receive and send signals in cellular mobile communications.

The antenna system comprising two antenna units not only can be used for receiving and transmitting signals of a WIFI frequency band, but also can be used for receiving and transmitting signals of cellular mobile communication, so that a small-size antenna system can radiate and/or receive signals of a plurality of frequency bands simultaneously, and compared with the traditional mode of directly covering a wide frequency band by increasing the number of antennas, the number of antennas is reduced. Meanwhile, the volume of the wireless router and other electronic equipment can be reduced, and the manufacturing cost of the wireless router and other electronic equipment can be saved.

In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, including: an antenna unit according to any one of the first aspects; alternatively, it includes: an antenna system according to any one of the second aspects.

In a possible implementation manner of the third aspect, the electronic device is a wireless router.

It will be appreciated that the advantages of the second to third aspects may be found in the relevant description of the first aspect, and are not described in detail herein.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

Fig. 1 is an external schematic diagram of an external antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a helical antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an internal structure of a single-band external antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an internal structure of a single-feed dual-band external antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a built-in antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a first structure of an antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a structure of a first slit with other shapes according to an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a first vibrator enclosed outside a second vibrator with a structure having another shape according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of another structure of an antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a second vibrator with other structures according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a first feeding point and a second feeding point according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a PCB antenna according to an embodiment of the present application, which is different from an FPC antenna;

fig. 13 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of an FPC antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna system according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna system with mirror image adjustment of a first antenna unit or a second antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 16 is a schematic structural view of an output cable connection end according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 17 is a schematic diagram of a wireless router output cable according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 18 is a schematic diagram of simulation of relationship between frequency and standing-wave ratio of a first antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 19 is a schematic view of horizontal coordinates of an antenna pattern according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 20 is an antenna pattern of a first antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 21 is a schematic diagram of a simulation of a relationship between a second antenna unit frequency and standing-wave ratio according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 22 is an antenna pattern of a second antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 23 shows an embodiment of the present application in which the spacer tape has a size of 36X 20mm ² A simulation diagram of the relationship between time frequency and isolation;

fig. 24 is a schematic diagram of an external antenna of a wireless router according to an embodiment of the present application.

Reference numerals:

a first vibrator: 601, a step of detecting a position of the object;

a second vibrator: 602;

first slit: 603;

a substrate: 604;

a first feeding point: 6011;

a second feeding point: 6021;

a first antenna element: 1401.

A second antenna unit: 1402;

isolation belt: 1403.

Detailed Description

In the following description, for purposes of explanation and not limitation, specific details are set forth such as the particular system architecture, techniques, etc., in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the present application. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the present application may be practiced in other embodiments that depart from these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, devices, circuits, and methods are omitted so as not to obscure the description of the present application with unnecessary detail.

It should be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification and the appended claims, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.

It should also be understood that the term "and/or" as used in the present specification and the appended claims refers to any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items, and includes such combinations.

As used in the present description and the appended claims, the term "if" may be interpreted as "when..once" or "in response to a determination" or "in response to detection" depending on the context. Similarly, the phrase "if a determination" or "if a [ described condition or event ] is detected" may be interpreted in the context of meaning "upon determination" or "in response to determination" or "upon detection of a [ described condition or event ]" or "in response to detection of a [ described condition or event ]".

Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like in the description of the present specification and in the appended claims, are used for distinguishing between descriptions and not necessarily for indicating or implying a relative importance.

Reference in the specification to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" or the like means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in one or more embodiments of the application. Thus, appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," and the like in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, but mean "one or more but not all embodiments" unless expressly specified otherwise. The terms "comprising," "including," "having," and variations thereof mean "including but not limited to," unless expressly specified otherwise.

Wireless routers have been widely used in our daily lives and learning as transit transmission devices for wireless communications, and antennas of the wireless routers have assumed an important role of radiating and/or receiving electromagnetic wave signals. Currently, the antennas of the wireless router are mainly divided into an external antenna and an internal antenna, fig. 1 is an external schematic diagram of a common external antenna, and the external antenna of the wireless router may generally include a single-band external antenna and a dual-band external antenna. The following provides a brief description of antennas of a conventional wireless router.

The external antenna of the wireless router generally adopts a spiral antenna as an oscillator, and the principle of the spiral antenna is briefly introduced first. Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a helical antenna according to an embodiment of the present application.

The helical antenna is the most commonly used circularly polarized antenna, and can be fed by a coaxial line generally, one end of the helical antenna can be connected with an inner conductor of the coaxial line, and the other end of the helical antenna can be in a free state. In the schematic structure of the helical antenna shown in fig. 2, 2d is the helical diameter of the helical antenna, l is the length of the helical antenna, s is the pitch of the helical antenna, and N is the number of turns of the helical antenna. The formula can then be followed:the operating frequency f of the helical antenna is approximately calculated. Wherein, screw pitch->After the operating frequency of the helical antenna is determined, other parameters can be determined accordingly, with the total length l=2n×pi×d of the required metal wire.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an internal structure of a conventional single-band external antenna. The single-band external antenna can be used for radiating and/or receiving signals in WIFI2.4G or WIFI5.8G frequency bands, and mainly adopts the spiral antenna as the oscillator, and the implementation principle is as described above, and the single-band external antenna shown in fig. 3 adopts a spring as the oscillator of the spiral antenna. Because the working frequency band of the single-band external antenna is narrower, the antenna size is larger, and the antenna gain can reach 5dBi generally. Single-band antennas can only support signal transmission and reception in one band.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an internal structure of a conventional single-feed dual-band external antenna. The working frequency of the dual-band external antenna can cover the WIFI2.4G frequency band and the WIFI5.8G frequency band simultaneously. According to different feed points, the implementation schemes of the dual-band external antenna are different, wherein 2-3 spring groups can be adopted in the single-feed dual-band external antenna to form resonance points of a plurality of frequency bands. The single-feed dual-frequency external antenna shown in fig. 4 may have 3 resonance points formed by 3 springs, where the 2.4G frequency band range may be one resonance point, and the 5.8G frequency band range may have 2 resonance points, so as to implement standing waves in the entire 5.8G frequency band below 2.0. However, such a structure is relatively bulky.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a conventional internal antenna. The working frequency of the built-in antenna is in WIFI2.4G frequency band or WIFI5.8G frequency band, and the working bandwidth is single frequency band. The built-in antenna basically adopts an FPC antenna or a PCB antenna, the antenna gain and the radiation direction of the built-in antenna can be determined by the shape and the size of a metal surface, wherein the FPC antenna is equivalent to the antenna circuit on a PCB board which is used for making the antenna, and the FPC antenna can be not influenced by the PCB board and can be a flexible printed circuit antenna, so that the FPC antenna can be fixed in some small WIFI equipment. If dual or more bands are to be supported, two or more such antennas are required to cover.

In the prior art, as described above, only signals of two frequency bands can be radiated and/or received by one antenna at most, but with the development of wireless communication technology, it is desired that the antenna can radiate and/or receive signals of higher frequency and wider frequency bands, and a plurality of antennas are required to cover the wider frequency bands, so that the number of antennas of the wireless router increases, which occupies a larger space, and the size of the wireless router increases.

In the application, the microstrip antenna (also called microstrip patch antenna) and the slot antenna are combined, or the working states of the FPC antenna and the slot antenna are combined, so that in the same antenna unit, the limited number of antenna elements respectively work in different antenna forms under different frequency bands to form two resonance states, and therefore, one antenna unit can radiate and/or receive signals of multiple frequency bands at the same time. Meanwhile, the volume of the wireless router and other electronic equipment can be reduced, and the manufacturing cost of the wireless router and other electronic equipment can be saved.

Firstly, the embodiment of the application provides an antenna unit, which can comprise two vibrators, and a gap exists between the two vibrators, wherein the two vibrators can be made of copper foil or other materials with good conductivity. These vibrators may be attached to the substrate 604. Referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a first structure of an antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present application.

Specifically, the antenna unit provided by the application comprises a first oscillator 601 and a second oscillator 602; a first gap 603 is arranged between the first vibrator 601 and the second vibrator 602; the first oscillator 601 is provided with a first feeding point 6011, and the second oscillator 602 is provided with a second feeding point 6021; a first oscillator 601 and a second oscillator 602, configured to receive and transmit signals in a first frequency band; the first slot 603 is configured to receive and transmit signals in the second frequency band. Note that, the dimensions in fig. 6 are millimeter units, and the dimensions in fig. 6 are only examples, and specific dimensions may be adjusted according to the material of the substrate 604, the material of the conductive material, and the frequency band used, and are not limited to the structure of the antenna unit of the present application.

When the antenna unit works in the first frequency band, for example, the frequency band is WIFI2.4G, the first vibrator 601 and the second vibrator 602 in the antenna unit can be used as radiators of the antenna unit to receive and transmit signals in the first frequency band, and at this time, the antenna unit can be in a microstrip antenna form or an FPC antenna form; when the antenna unit works in the second frequency band, the first slot 603 in the antenna unit is used for receiving and transmitting signals in the second frequency band, and at this time, the antenna unit is in the form of a slot antenna.

The antenna unit can work in two different antenna forms under different frequency bands through a limited number of antenna elements respectively to form two resonance states, so that one antenna unit can radiate and/or receive signals of multiple frequency bands simultaneously. Compared with a single microstrip antenna or FPC antenna, the slot antenna is combined, so that a resonance state is increased, and the number of vibrators is not required to be increased. Compared with the traditional mode of directly covering a wide frequency band by increasing the number of the antenna elements, the number of the antenna elements is reduced, and the size of the antenna element is further reduced. Meanwhile, the volume of the wireless router and other electronic equipment can be reduced, and the manufacturing cost of the wireless router and other electronic equipment can be saved.

Alternatively, the shape of the first slit 603 may be a concave structure as shown in fig. 6, or may be other shapes, referring to fig. 7, fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a structure in which the first slit 603 is in other shapes, and it can be seen from fig. 7 that the first slit 603 may be in an L-shaped structure, and it can be seen from fig. 7 that the first slit 603 may be in a 1-shaped structure. The shape of the first slit 603 is not limited in the present application, and the shape of the first slit 603 is exemplified as a concave structure as shown in fig. 6. The specific size of the vibrator may be adjusted for different slit forms, as long as a plurality of resonance points can be formed.

Alternatively, the first oscillator 601 may be enclosed outside the second oscillator 602 in a concave structure as shown in fig. 6, or may be enclosed outside the second oscillator 602 in another shape, see fig. 8, fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present application in which the first oscillator is enclosed outside the second oscillator in another shape, it can be seen from fig. 8 that the first oscillator 601 may be enclosed outside the second oscillator 602 in a U-shaped structure, and it can be seen from fig. 8 that the first oscillator 601 may be enclosed outside the second oscillator 602 in another shape in a concave structure, for example, a semicircular structure is enclosed. The present application is not limited to what structure the first vibrator 601 is surrounded by the second vibrator 602, and the following will describe an example in which the first vibrator 601 is surrounded by the second vibrator 602 in a concave structure as shown in fig. 6.

In some embodiments, the resonance frequency point may be changed by adjusting the shape of the second vibrator 602, and the shape of the second vibrator 602 is not limited in the embodiments of the present application. Alternatively, the second vibrator 602 may be a rectangle with a rectangular notch, where the rectangular notch may be arranged along an edge of the rectangle.

In the present application, the second oscillator 602 may be rectangular with a rectangular notch, so that the second oscillator 602 and the first oscillator 601 may form a microstrip antenna, and may be used to transmit and receive signals with different frequency bands from the signals transmitted and received by the first slot 603. The size of the rectangular notch is convenient for setting during simulation, so that the design difficulty is reduced; the processing size is also convenient to control, and the difficulty of production and manufacture is reduced.

Specifically, the rectangular notch of the second dipole 602 may include a first notch, where the first notch may be formed at a first corner of the rectangle, and the first corner may be a corner of the rectangle near the inside of the antenna unit. Referring to fig. 9, fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of another structure of an antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present application. As can be seen from fig. 9, the second resonator 602 may be a rectangle including a rectangular notch, and the rectangular notch is formed at a lower right corner of the second resonator 602, that is, a corner of the rectangle near the inside of the antenna unit, the unit of the dimension in fig. 9 is millimeter, and the dimension shown in fig. 9 is only an example, and the specific dimension may be adjusted according to the material of the substrate 604, the material of the conductive material, and the frequency band used, which is not limited to the structure of the antenna unit of the present application.

In the application, the second oscillator 602 may be a rectangle with a rectangular notch, and the rectangular notch may be located at a corner of the second oscillator 602 near the inside of the antenna unit, so that a microstrip antenna may be formed with the first oscillator 601, and the microstrip antenna may be used to transmit and receive signals in a specific frequency band, so that the frequency range covered by the antenna unit may be wider.

Optionally, the rectangular notch of the second oscillator 602 may further include a second notch, where the second notch may be opened at a second corner of the rectangle, and the second corner is opposite to the first corner, and the specific shape may be as shown in the second oscillator 602 included in fig. 6.

In the application, the second oscillator 602 may also be a rectangle with two rectangular notches, the first rectangular notch may be located at a corner of the second oscillator 602 near the inside of the antenna unit, and the second rectangular notch may be located at a diagonal of the second oscillator 602 near a corner of the inside of the antenna unit, so that a microstrip antenna may be formed with the first oscillator 601, and the microstrip antenna may be used for receiving and transmitting signals different from the types of signals received and transmitted by the antenna unit including the second oscillator 602 with one rectangular notch, so that the frequency range covered by the antenna unit may be wider.

Alternatively, the second vibrator 602 may have a structure with a circular arc notch disposed along a rectangular edge, or may have other structures, which is not limited in the present application. Referring to fig. 10, fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a second vibrator with other structures according to an embodiment of the present application. As can be seen from a diagram a in fig. 10, the second vibrator 602 may be rectangular with three rectangular notches; as can be seen from the b diagram in fig. 10, the second vibrator 602 may be rectangular with a rectangular notch at the upper left corner; as can be seen from fig. 10 c, the second vibrator 602 may be rectangular with a rectangular notch formed at the upper side.

The form of the feeding point of the antenna unit is not limited on the basis of the above-described embodiments. Alternatively, the first and second feeding points 6011 and 6021 may have a convex-concave opposite structure. Specifically, the first feeding point 6011 may be a rectangular structure recessed in the first oscillator 601, and the second feeding point 6021 may be a rectangular structure protruding out of the second oscillator 602, as shown in fig. 6 or 9 with diagonal hatching, where the diagonal hatching on the first oscillator 601 is the first feeding point 6011, and the diagonal hatching on the second oscillator 602 is the second feeding point 6021.

Alternatively, the first feeding point 6011 and the second feeding point 6021 may have other structures, such as a circular shape, and referring to fig. 11, fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of the first feeding point and the second feeding point with other structures according to an embodiment of the present application. The diagonal hatching portion is a feeding point, the diagonal hatching portion on the first vibrator 601 is a first feeding point 6011, and the diagonal hatching portion on the second vibrator 602 is a second feeding point 6021. As can be seen from a diagram a in fig. 11, the first feeding point 6011 and the second feeding point 6021 may be on the first vibrator 601 and the second vibrator 602, respectively; as can be seen from the b-diagram in fig. 11, the first feeding point 6011 may have a circular structure recessed in the first vibrator 601, and the second feeding point 6021 may have a circular structure protruding out of the second vibrator 602. The present application is not limited to the structures of the first and second feeding points 6011 and 6021, and the structures of the first and second feeding points 6011 and 6021 shown in fig. 6 or 9 are described as an example.

Specifically, in the present application, the first oscillator 601 and the second oscillator 602 may be used to transmit and receive signals in the first frequency band; the first slot 603 may be used to transmit and receive signals in the second frequency band. Wherein the first frequency band is lower in frequency than the second frequency band.

Alternatively, the first frequency band may be a frequency band of WIFI2.4G, and the second frequency band may be a frequency band of WIFI5.8G; alternatively, the first frequency band may be a low frequency band of cellular mobile communication, and the second frequency band may be a medium or high frequency band of cellular mobile communication.

Specifically, when the antenna unit works in the first frequency band, the first vibrator 601 and the second vibrator 602 may be used as radiators of the antenna unit, and may be used for receiving and transmitting signals in the WIFI2.4G frequency band, and may also be used for receiving and transmitting signals in the low frequency band of cellular mobile communication; when the antenna unit works in the second frequency band, the first slot 603 can be used for receiving and transmitting signals in the WIFI5.8G frequency band, and can also be used for receiving and transmitting signals in the middle and high frequency bands of cellular mobile communication, and at this time, the antenna unit is in the form of a slot antenna. The cellular mobile communication may be an LTE (Long Term Evolution ) signal or an NR (New Radio) signal, which is not limited in this aspect of the present application, and hereinafter, a cellular mobile communication is described as an LTE signal. Therefore, one small-size antenna unit can work in two different antenna forms under different frequency bands through a limited number of antenna elements to form two resonance states, so that one antenna unit can radiate and/or receive signals of multiple frequency bands at the same time.

In the present application, the antenna element may be disposed on the substrate 604. Optionally, the antenna unit may be in the form of a microstrip antenna, for example, a PCB antenna, which is not easily damaged and has high reliability; but may also be in the form of a flexible circuit board, such as an FPC antenna. The substrate 604 of the PCB antenna may be made of FR4 (Fire Retardant Four, glass fiber cloth) or other materials, which is not limited in the present application. Hereinafter, a brief description will be given of the FPC antenna.

The FPC antenna is taken as an important branch of the PCB antenna, and the design principles of the two antennas are basically the same, but the specific manufacturing processes are different. Referring to fig. 12, fig. 12 is a schematic diagram illustrating a structure of a PCB antenna different from an FPC antenna according to an embodiment of the present application. As can be seen from fig. 12, the design of both antennas is substantially the same, except that the PCB antenna uses a PCB board as the substrate 604, whereas the FPC antenna does not use a PCB board. The FPC antenna is equivalent to an antenna wire (antenna metal copper foil) on a PCB board which is drawn out and the antenna is made of its metal. Fig. 13 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of an FPC antenna according to an embodiment of the present application, and as can be seen from fig. 13, the FPC antenna is composed of an antenna metal copper foil, a glue layer and a polyester film in order from top to bottom. Compared with the traditional rigid circuit board, the FPC has more excellent physical characteristics, is light, thin and bendable, has excellent conductive performance, can greatly reduce the volume and weight of electronic products, and meets the requirements of the electronic products on development of high density, miniaturization, light, thinning and high reliability.

Therefore, when the antenna unit adopts the form of a PCB microstrip antenna, the antenna unit is not easy to damage and has high reliability; when the FPC antenna is adopted, the FPC antenna is lighter, thinner and miniaturized, and the flexible characteristic enables the application scene to be more flexible.

In addition to the above antenna elements, the present application also provides an antenna system, which may include two antenna elements as described above, and the two antenna elements may include a first antenna element 1401 and a second antenna element 1402. Alternatively, the first antenna unit 1401 and the second antenna unit 1402 may be both antenna units as shown in fig. 6, or may be both antenna units as shown in fig. 9, or may be the first antennaThe antenna unit 1401 is an antenna unit as shown in fig. 6, the second antenna unit 1402 is an antenna unit as shown in fig. 9, or a combination of other antenna units, which is not limited in the present application, and the first antenna unit 1401 is an antenna unit as shown in fig. 6 and the second antenna unit 1402 is an antenna unit as shown in fig. 9. Referring to fig. 14, fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna system according to an embodiment of the present application, where a substrate 604 included in the antenna system may have an external dimension of 150×20×0.5mm ³ The PCB can be made of FR4 material or other materials, and the application is not limited to the material. The dimensions shown in fig. 14 are in millimeters, and the dimensions shown in fig. 14 are only examples, and specific dimensions can be adjusted according to the material of the substrate 604, the material of the conductive material, and the frequency band to be compatible, and are not intended to limit the structure of the antenna system of the present application. The antenna system shown in fig. 14 includes an antenna unit shown in fig. 6 and denoted as a first antenna unit 1401, and an antenna unit shown in fig. 9 and denoted as a second antenna unit 1402, wherein the first antenna unit 1401 may be used for transmitting and receiving signals in WIFI2.4G frequency bands and WIFI5.8G frequency bands, and the second antenna unit 1402 may be used for transmitting and receiving signals in low frequency, intermediate frequency, and high frequency bands of cellular mobile communication. Optionally, the intermediate frequency signal of the cellular mobile communication may be a signal in a frequency band such as band1, band2, band3, etc.; the high-frequency signal of the cellular mobile communication may be a signal of band7, band41, or the like, which is not limited. The system of cellular mobile communication is not limited in the embodiment of the present application, and may be 2G (2 th-Generation Mobile Communication Technology, second generation mobile communication technology), 3G (3 th-Generation Mobile Communication Technology, third generation mobile communication technology), 4G (4 th-Generation Mobile Communication Technology, fourth generation mobile communication technology) or 5G (5 th-Generation Mobile Communication Technology, fifth generation mobile communication technology).

Alternatively, a separation band 1403 may be provided between the first antenna unit 1401 and the second antenna unit 1402. The antenna system as shown in fig. 14 may be divided into 3 parts, namely a first antenna unit 1401, a second antenna unit 1402, and a separation band 1403 between the two antenna units. Alternatively, the overall size of the first antenna unit 1401 may be 52×20mm ² The overall size of the second antenna element 1402 may be 62×20mm ² The size of the spacer 1403 may be 36×20mm ² . The dimensions provided by the present application are merely examples and are not limiting. Providing the isolation strip 1403 between the two antenna elements may separate the two antenna elements, avoiding the two elements from interfering with each other when in operation. The size of the isolation belt 1403 may be such that the antenna system is minimized while the isolation of the two antenna elements satisfies the requirements.

Alternatively, the distance between the first end of the first antenna unit 1401 and the first end of the second antenna unit 1402 may be greater than the distance between the second end of the first antenna unit 1401 and the first end of the second antenna unit 1402, where the first end of the first antenna unit 1401 may be an end far from the isolation strip 1403, the second end of the first antenna unit 1401 may be an end near to the isolation strip 1403, and the first end of the second antenna unit 1402 may be an end near to the isolation strip 1403, as shown in fig. 14. In this way, the first antenna unit 1401 and the second antenna unit 1402 can be aligned, the volume of the antenna can be reduced, and subsequent maintenance or repair can be facilitated. Alternatively, based on the structure of the antenna system shown in fig. 14, the first antenna unit 1401 or the second antenna unit 1402 may be adjusted in a mirror image manner along the left-right direction, referring to fig. 15, fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna system with the mirror image adjustment of the first antenna unit or the second antenna unit provided in the embodiment of the present application, and as can be seen from fig. 15, the second antenna unit 1402 may be adjusted in a mirror image manner when the first antenna unit 1401 is unchanged, or the first antenna unit 1401 may be adjusted in a mirror image manner when the second antenna unit 1402 is unchanged. Alternatively, the first antenna unit 1401 and the second antenna unit 1402 may be mirror-adjusted at the same time, or the first antenna unit 1401 and/or the second antenna unit 1402 may be rotated 180 °, which is not limited in the present application.

Alternatively, the first feeding point 6011 of the antenna unit may be connected to a cable shielding layer of the output cable, and the second feeding point 6021 may be connected to a cable core of the output cable to realize feeding. Fig. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of an output cable connection end according to an embodiment of the present application. Alternatively, to facilitate welding, the output cable may be a cable having a length of 50mm and a diameter of 1.38 mm. The connection mode of the feeding point and the output cable includes, but is not limited to, welding, etc., which is not limited by the present application. Optionally, according to the interface characteristics of the current wireless router complete antenna, the WIFI antenna and the antenna for cellular mobile communication use two independent output cables, referring to fig. 17, fig. 17 is a schematic diagram of a wireless router output cable according to an embodiment of the present application, where the WIFI output cable may be connected to the feed point of the first antenna unit 1401 shown in fig. 14, and the LTE output cable may be connected to the feed point of the second antenna unit 1402 shown in fig. 14. The connection of the other end of the output cable can be determined according to different requirements, and the application is not limited.

In order to illustrate the technical effects of the technical scheme of the application, the following is a specific description in combination with simulation data. Fig. 18 is a schematic diagram of a simulation of a relationship between a first antenna unit frequency and a standing-wave ratio according to an embodiment of the present application. Wherein, the X axis is frequency and the Y axis is standing wave ratio. Through simulation and calculation, the antenna system shown in fig. 14 includes a first antenna unit 1401, that is, an antenna unit shown in fig. 6, where the standing-wave ratio is about 1.3 in the frequency band of 2.4GHz-2.5GHz of WIFI, and the frequency point at m1 in fig. 18 is 2.45GHz, and the standing-wave ratio is 1.2898; in the 5.15GHz-5.885GHz frequency band of WIFI, the standing-wave ratio is 1.7195 at maximum, as shown by m2, m3 and m4 in fig. 18, the frequency points are 5.15GHz, 5.885GHz and 5.5GHz respectively, the standing-wave ratios are 1.7195, 1.246 and 1.2397 respectively, the standing-wave ratios are all below 2.0, and the index design requirement of the antenna that the standing-wave ratio is below 2.0 is met. According to the working principle of the half-wave oscillator of the antenna, the f (f=51mm) size of the first oscillator 601 in the antenna unit shown in fig. 6 is finely adjusted, so that the resonance frequency of the first antenna unit 1401 in the antenna system shown in fig. 14 in the WIFI2.4G frequency band can be correspondingly changed, and the standing wave ratio can be changed. Similarly, by fine tuning the e (e=4mm) size of the second element 602 in the antenna unit shown in fig. 6, the resonant frequency of the first antenna unit 1401 in the antenna system shown in fig. 14 at wifi5.15GHz-5.885GHz can be correspondingly changed, so that the standing wave ratio can be changed.

Fig. 19 is a schematic diagram of a horizontal direction coordinate of an antenna pattern according to an embodiment of the present application, and the coordinates are used for all antenna patterns in the following description, which is not repeated. Referring to fig. 20, fig. 20 is an antenna pattern of a first antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present application. Fig. 20 a shows an antenna pattern of the first antenna unit 1401 at a frequency point of wifi2.45ghz in the antenna system shown in fig. 14, and as can be seen from fig. 20 a, the maximum gain of the first antenna unit 1401 at the frequency point of wifi2.45ghz is 3.9dBi, wherein the radiation direction of the antenna system is a horizontal 360 ° direction in which the antenna system is erected. As can be seen from the b diagram in fig. 20, the maximum gain of the first antenna unit 1401 at the frequency point of wifi5.5ghz is 4.2dBi in the antenna system shown in fig. 14. As can be seen from the simulation result, the gain of the first antenna unit 1401 in the wireless router antenna is larger in the WIFI2.45GHz frequency point and the WIFI5.5GHz frequency point, and the structure of the first antenna unit 1401 meets the design requirement of the wireless router antenna.

Fig. 21 is a schematic diagram of a simulation of a relationship between a frequency of a second antenna unit and a standing-wave ratio, where an X-axis is the frequency and a Y-axis is the standing-wave ratio. Through simulation and calculation, the second antenna unit 1402 included in the antenna system shown in fig. 14, that is, the antenna unit shown in fig. 9, has a standing-wave ratio of about 1.7 or less in the 1700MHz to 2690MHz frequency band of LTE, as shown by m1, m2 and m3 in fig. 21, the frequency points are 1.709GHz, 2.699GHz and 2.314GHz, the standing-wave ratios are 1.168, 1.1558 and 1.7487, respectively, the standing-wave ratio is below 2.0, and the index design requirement of the antenna that the standing-wave ratio is below 2.0 is satisfied. According to the working principle of the half-wave oscillator of the antenna, the g (g=14mm) size of the second oscillator 602 in the antenna unit shown in fig. 9 is finely adjusted, so that the resonance frequency of the second antenna unit 1402 in the antenna system shown in fig. 14 at 2.616GHz can be correspondingly changed. By fine tuning the h (h=62 mm) dimension of the first element 601 in the antenna unit shown in fig. 9, the resonance frequency of the second antenna unit 1402 at 1.92GHz in the antenna system shown in fig. 14 can be correspondingly changed, so that the standing wave ratio of the whole second antenna unit 1402 in the 1700MHz-2690MHz frequency band can be changed.

Referring to fig. 22, fig. 22 is an antenna pattern of a second antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present application. Fig. 22 a shows an antenna pattern of the second antenna unit 1402 in the antenna system shown in fig. 14 at the frequency point of 1.8GHz of LTE, and as can be seen from fig. 22 a, the maximum gain of the second antenna unit 1402 at the frequency point of LTE1.8GHz is 2.4dBi. Fig. 22 b shows an antenna pattern of the second antenna unit 1402 in the antenna system shown in fig. 14 at the frequency of lte2.0ghz, and as can be seen from fig. 22 b, the maximum gain of the second antenna unit 1402 at the frequency of lte2.0ghz is 2.7dBi. Fig. 22 c is an antenna pattern of the second antenna unit 1402 in the antenna system shown in fig. 14 at the frequency of lte2.3ghz, and as can be seen from fig. 22 c, the maximum gain of the second antenna unit 1402 at the frequency of lte2.3ghz is 3.6dBi. The d diagram in fig. 22 is an antenna pattern of the second antenna unit 1402 in the antenna system shown in fig. 14 at the frequency of lte2.6ghz, and as can be seen from the d diagram in fig. 22, the maximum gain of the second antenna unit 1402 at the frequency of lte2.6ghz is 3.4dBi. As can be seen from simulation results, the second antenna unit 1402 has larger gain at the frequency points of 1.8GHz, 2.0GHz, 2.3GHz and 2.6GHz of LTE, and the structure of the second antenna unit 1402 meets the design requirement of the wireless router antenna.

Referring to table 1, table 1 is a table of operating frequencies and corresponding antenna simulation gains of an antenna system according to an embodiment of the present application, where the antenna system is an antenna system as shown in fig. 14, and because the second antenna unit 1402 covers a relatively wide frequency band, the antenna gains in table 1 only represent simulation gains of single-point frequencies in the frequency band. As can be seen from table 1, the antenna gain of the antenna system provided by the application is very good.

TABLE 1

Optionally, since the two antenna units may be disposed on the same PCB board, but the space of the PCB board is limited, in order to reduce the mutual influence between the two antenna units, an isolation belt 1403 may be disposed between the two antenna units, so as to ensure the isolation between the two antenna units. The size of the isolation belt 1403 provided in the embodiment of the application is 36×20mm ² Referring to FIG. 23, FIG. 23 shows an embodiment of the present application in which the size of the spacer is 36×20mm ² As can be seen from FIG. 23, the isolation between 1.7GHz and 2.7GHz is less than-21 dB, and the isolation between 5GHz and 6GHz is less than-26 dB, and the size of the isolation strip 1403 is 36 multiplied by 20mm because the design requirement of the antenna is that the isolation is below-20 dB ² Meets the requirements.

The antenna system provided by the application comprises two antenna units, can simultaneously transmit and receive WIFI and cellular mobile communication signals, not only ensures that the antenna has wider working bandwidth, higher gain and better antenna radiation direction, but also reduces the manufacturing cost of the antenna, and meanwhile, the antenna production process basically does not need to be debugged, thereby providing convenience for antenna production. Alternatively, the antenna unit or the antenna system provided by the application can be manufactured as an external antenna or an internal antenna, which is not limited in the application. Referring to fig. 24, fig. 24 is a schematic diagram of an external antenna of a wireless router according to an embodiment of the present application. Fig. 24 a is an external schematic view of an external antenna of a wireless router, where the external antenna of the wireless router may be a common plastic material casing, such as ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene plastic, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene) material. Fig. 24 b is a schematic diagram of an internal structure of an external antenna of the wireless router.

The present application provides an electronic device which may comprise an antenna unit or an antenna system as described above. Alternatively, the electronic device may be a wireless router, or may be another device, which is not limited in this aspect of the present application.

It should be noted that the dimensions provided in the embodiments of the present application are merely examples, and may be adjusted according to specific requirements, such as the material of the conductive material, the frequency to be compatible, and the like, and are not limited to the present application.

The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present application, and not for limiting the same; although the application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and are intended to be included in the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An antenna unit, comprising: a first vibrator (601) and a second vibrator (602);

a first gap (603) is arranged between the first vibrator (601) and the second vibrator (602);

a first feeding point (6011) is arranged on the first oscillator (601), and a second feeding point (6021) is arranged on the second oscillator (602);

the first oscillator (601) and the second oscillator (602) are used for receiving and transmitting signals of a first frequency band;

The first gap (603) is used for receiving and transmitting signals of a second frequency band.

2. The antenna unit according to claim 1, characterized in that the first slot (603) has a concave structure, and the first element (601) is enclosed outside the second element (602) in the concave structure;

the antenna unit is in the form of a microstrip antenna or a flexible circuit board.

3. The antenna unit according to claim 2, characterized in that the second element (602) is a rectangle with a rectangular notch arranged along an edge of the rectangle;

the rectangular notch comprises a first notch, the first notch is arranged at a first corner of the rectangle, and the first corner is a corner of the rectangle close to the inside of the antenna unit;

the rectangular notch further comprises a second notch, the second notch is formed in a second corner of the rectangle, and the second corner is opposite to the first corner.

4. -an antenna element according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the first feeding point (6011) has a rectangular structure recessed in the first element (601), the second feeding point (6021) has a rectangular structure protruding out of the second element (602), and the first feeding point (6011) and the second feeding point (6021) have a structure facing each other in a convex-concave manner.

5. An antenna unit according to any of claims 1-3, characterized in that the first frequency band is lower in frequency than the second frequency band.

6. The antenna unit of claim 5, wherein the first frequency band is a wireless fidelity WIFI2.4G frequency band and the second frequency band is a WIFI5.8G frequency band;

or alternatively, the process may be performed,

the first frequency band is a low-frequency band of cellular mobile communication, and the second frequency band is a middle-frequency band and a high-frequency band of cellular mobile communication.

7. An antenna system comprising two antenna units according to any of claims 1 to 6, the two antenna units comprising a first antenna unit (1401) and a second antenna unit (1402);

an isolation belt (1403) is provided between the first antenna unit (1401) and the second antenna unit (1402).

8. The antenna system of claim 7, wherein a distance between a first end of the first antenna unit (1401) and a first end of the second antenna unit (1402) is greater than a distance between a second end of the first antenna unit (1401) and a first end of the second antenna unit (1402), the first end of the first antenna unit (1401) being an end remote from the isolation strip (1403), the second end of the first antenna unit (1401) being an end near the isolation strip (1403), the first end of the second antenna unit (1402) being an end near the isolation strip (1403).

9. An electronic device, comprising: an antenna unit according to any one of claims 1 to 6; or alternatively, the process may be performed,

comprising the following steps: an antenna system as claimed in any one of claim 7 or claim 8.

10. The electronic device of claim 9, wherein the electronic device is a wireless router.