CN116705531A - Safety operating assembly for a switching device and switching device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a safety operating assembly for a switching device comprising a housing (80) and a square shaft (90). The safety operating assembly comprises a base (10) and a locking member (20). The base is fixedly arranged relative to the shell and is provided with a locking hole (13) penetrating along a first direction. The locking piece is sleeved on the square shaft so as to be capable of rotating synchronously with the square shaft. The locking piece is provided with a locking part (21), and when the square shaft rotates to the opening position, the locking piece can move along the first direction and simultaneously drive the locking part to be inserted into and exceed the locking hole (13) so as to reach a locking position. In the locked position, the locking portion is capable of abutting against the base to prevent rotation of the locking member relative to the base and a portion of the locking portion beyond the locking aperture is for cooperating with the locking member to prevent movement of the locking member in a direction opposite the first direction. The safety operation assembly can lock the square shaft when the square shaft is opened, and the square shaft can be rotated to be closed after the square shaft is unlocked, so that the safety of personnel is ensured.

Description

Safety operating assembly for a switching device and switching device

Technical Field

The present invention relates to an electrical cabinet control device, in particular a safety operating assembly for a switchgear, and a switchgear comprising such a safety operating assembly.

Background

The electric cabinet is characterized in that a switching device, a measuring instrument, a protection appliance and auxiliary equipment are assembled in a closed or semi-closed metal cabinet or on a screen according to the electric wiring requirement, the arrangement of the electric cabinet meets the requirement of normal operation of an electric power system, and a circuit can be connected or disconnected by the switching device during normal operation. The switching device is an electronic component that can open a circuit, interrupt a current, or cause the current to flow to another circuit, and can be opened or closed by rotation of a square shaft inside the electronic component.

At present, some switch devices installed in electrical cabinets are provided with a cabinet door rotating handle with only one square shaft connected to the outside of a cabinet door, and the cabinet door rotating handle is operated to conduct switching-on (circuit switching-on) and switching-off (circuit breaking). When overhauling personnel, the cabinet door rotating handle is required to be rotated firstly to break the door and cut off the power, and then the cabinet door is opened to overhaul. At this time, the switching device is not locked, and the square shaft is easily operated and rotated to a closing state by mistake, so that a safety accident occurs.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a safety operation assembly for a switching device, which can lock a square shaft when the switching device is switched off, and can rotate the square shaft to switch on after the locking is released, so that the safety of personnel is ensured.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide a switching device comprising such a safety operating assembly.

The invention provides a safety operation assembly of a switching device. The switching device comprises a shell and a square shaft, wherein the square shaft can rotate relative to the shell to realize opening and closing operations. The safety operating assembly includes a base and a locking member. The base is fixedly arranged relative to the shell and is provided with a locking hole penetrating along a first direction. The first direction is parallel to the rotational axis of the square shaft. The locking piece is sleeved on the square shaft so as to be capable of rotating synchronously with the square shaft, and the locking piece can also move relative to the square shaft along the first direction and the opposite direction. The locking member has a locking portion. Under the condition that the square shaft rotates to the opening position, the locking piece can move along the first direction and simultaneously drive the locking part to be inserted into and exceed the locking hole so as to reach a locking position. With the locking member in the locked position, the locking portion is capable of abutting against the base to prevent rotation of the locking member relative to the base and a portion of the locking portion beyond the locking aperture is for engagement with one of the locking members to prevent movement of the locking member in a direction opposite the first direction.

According to the safety operation assembly provided by the invention, the locking part of the locking part is matched with the locking hole of the base, so that the locking part can be prevented from rotating relative to the base, and the locking part can be prevented from moving in the opposite direction of the first direction through the matching of the part, which exceeds the locking hole, of the locking part, so that the square shaft is locked to avoid safety accidents caused by incorrect operation.

In yet another exemplary embodiment of the safety operating assembly, the base has a first limit stop and a second limit stop. The first limiting part and the second limiting part are oppositely arranged along the first direction. The locking piece is provided with a movable limiting part. The movable limiting part is positioned between the first limiting part and the second limiting part along the first direction. The locking piece is located at an unlocking position under the condition that the movable limiting part abuts against the first limiting part along the reverse direction of the first direction, and is located at a locking position under the condition that the movable limiting part abuts against the second limiting part along the first direction. Whereby the locking member is movable between an unlocked position and a locked position to unlock or lock the square shaft.

In yet another exemplary embodiment of the safety operating assembly, the safety operating assembly further comprises a resilient member. The elastic member is capable of applying an elastic force to the locking member to move the locking member to the unlocking position. The locking piece can automatically move to the unlocking position after unlocking.

In another exemplary embodiment of the safety operating assembly, the movable stopper has a positioning hole penetrating in the first direction. The second limiting part is provided with a positioning block which is arranged in a protruding way along the opposite direction of the first direction. Under the condition that the locking piece is located at the locking position, the positioning block is inserted into the positioning hole and can prevent the locking piece from rotating relative to the base. The locating piece all is provided with along the guide surface that the circumference of first direction along the circumference of square shaft is inside to be close to gradually along the opposite direction of first direction at the both ends of the circumference of square shaft. The guide surface can guide the locking piece to rotate until the positioning hole is aligned with the positioning block in the process of moving the locking piece to the locking position along the first direction. Thereby facilitating accurate movement of the locking member to the locking position.

In another exemplary embodiment of the safety operating assembly, the portion of the locking portion beyond the locking aperture with the locking member in the locked position has a locking aperture through which a shackle of a locking member can pass to prevent movement of the locking member in a direction opposite to the first direction; or in the case that the locking piece is located at the locking position, a part of the locking part, which exceeds the locking hole, and the base enclose a locking hole, and a lock beam of the locking piece can pass through the locking hole to prevent the locking piece from moving in the opposite direction of the first direction, so that the locking piece is easy to select, and meanwhile, the method for locking the square shaft through the locking piece is easy to implement.

In another exemplary embodiment of the safety operating assembly, the safety operating assembly further comprises a handle. The handle is rotatably connected with the base, and the rotation axis of the handle is coincident with the axis of the square shaft. The handle is also movable relative to the base in a direction parallel to the first direction and against the base when moved in the first direction to a first position. The locking member includes a first mating structure and the handle includes a second mating structure. Under the condition that the locking piece is located the unlocking position and the relative rotation position of the handle and the locking piece accords with a relative matching position, the handle can move to the second matching structure along the opposite direction of the first direction and is mutually spliced with the first matching structure so that the handle and the locking piece can synchronously rotate, the handle abuts against the locking piece along the opposite direction of the first direction when reaching a second position, and the second matching structure and the first matching structure of the handle located at the first position are mutually separated. The handle and the locking piece are matched, and then the square shaft can be rotated to conduct switching-on and switching-off operation, so that the square shaft is prevented from being operated wrongly.

In another exemplary embodiment of the safety operating assembly, the locking element is provided with a plurality of first mating structures, wherein a part of the first mating structures are plug-in blocks and another part of the first mating structures are socket-in blocks. The handle is provided with a plurality of second matching structures, wherein one part of the second matching structures are plug blocks, and the other part of the second matching structures are slots. One slot is used for being spliced with one plug block. Thereby facilitating engagement of the handle with the locking member.

In another exemplary embodiment of the safety operating assembly, the safety operating assembly further comprises a resilient member. The elastic piece is a compression spring. The axis of the elastic member is parallel to the first direction. One end of the elastic piece is fixedly connected with the locking piece, and the other end is fixedly connected with the handle. The elastic member is capable of applying an elastic force to the locking member that moves the locking member to the unlocking position and is capable of applying an elastic force to the handle that moves the handle to the first position. The resilient member is also capable of applying a resilient force to the locking member and the handle that causes the two to rotate relative to each other to a relative mating position. Therefore, the handle and the locking piece can be automatically separated, and the relative rotation position of the handle and the locking piece can be matched with the relative matching position.

In another exemplary embodiment of the safety operating assembly, the locking element has a projection. The extending part is sleeved on the square shaft and penetrates through the handle. The locking member is moved to the locking position by pulling the protruding portion, thereby facilitating locking of the locking member.

The invention also provides a switch device which comprises a shell and a square shaft. The square shaft can rotate relative to the shell to realize opening and closing operations. The switching device further comprises one of the above-mentioned safety operating assemblies. The switch device can lock the rotation of the square shaft by arranging the safety operation assembly so as to avoid safety accidents caused by incorrect operation.

Drawings

The following drawings are only illustrative of the invention and do not limit the scope of the invention.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an exemplary embodiment of a switching device.

Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the safety operating assembly of the switching device of fig. 1 taken along the direction II-II.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view for explaining the structure of the safety operation assembly shown in fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view for explaining the safety operation assembly shown in fig. 2 in an unlocked state.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view for explaining the safety operation assembly shown in fig. 2 in a locked state.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view illustrating the safety operating assembly shown in fig. 2 when the handle is in the second position.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view for explaining the safety operating assembly shown in fig. 2 when the locking member is in the locked position.

Description of the reference numerals

10 base

11 first limit part

12 second limit part

121 locating block

122 guide surface

13 locking hole

20 locking piece

21 locking part

22 movable limit part

23 locating holes

24 lockhole

25 first mating structure

26 extension part

30 elastic piece

40 handle

41 second mating structure

70 cabinet door rotating handle

80 shell

90 square shaft

D1 first direction

Detailed Description

For a clearer understanding of the technical features, objects and effects of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the drawings, in which like reference numerals refer to identical or structurally similar but functionally identical components throughout the separate views.

In this document, "schematic" means "serving as an example, instance, or illustration," and any illustrations, embodiments described herein as "schematic" should not be construed as a more preferred or advantageous solution.

Herein, "first", "second", etc. do not indicate the degree of importance or order thereof, etc., but merely indicate distinction from each other to facilitate description of documents.

Nouns and pronouns for humans in this patent application are not limited to a particular gender.

For the sake of simplicity of the drawing, the parts relevant to the present invention are shown only schematically in the figures, which do not represent the actual structure thereof as a product.

A switching device is usually provided in the electrical cabinet for switching on or off the electrical circuit. The switching device normally performs switching-off and switching-on operations by rotation of a square shaft to switch on or off a circuit.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an exemplary embodiment of a switching device. As shown in fig. 1, the switching device includes a housing 80, a square shaft 90, and a safety operating assembly. The square shaft 90 has one end inserted into the housing 80 and the other end inserted into the door handle 70 of the electric cabinet and can be rotated in synchronization with the door handle 70. When the cabinet door rotating handle 70 is rotated, the square shaft 90 rotates relative to the shell 80 to drive the switch of the circuit to open and close.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view of a safety operating assembly of the switching device of fig. 1 taken along the direction II-II. Referring to fig. 2, the safety operating assembly includes a base 10 and a locking member 20. The base 10 is fixedly disposed with respect to the housing 80 (shown in fig. 1) and has a locking hole 13 penetrating in the first direction D1. The first direction D1 is parallel to the rotational axis of the square shaft 90. The lock 20 is fitted over the square shaft 90, can rotate in synchronization with the square shaft 90, and can also move in the first direction D1 and the opposite direction with respect to the square shaft 90.

The locking member 20 has a locking portion 21. When the square shaft 90 is rotated to the opening position, i.e., the position shown in fig. 1, the locking member 20 can move in the first direction D1 and drive the locking portion 21 to be inserted into the locking hole 13, and the locking member 20 continues to move until the locking portion 21 reaches the locking position, i.e., the position shown in fig. 5, when exceeding the maximum height from the locking hole 13. With the locking member 20 in the locked position, the locking portion 21 abuts against the base 10 so as not to be rotatable relative to the base 10, and a portion of the locking portion 21 beyond the locking hole 13 prevents movement of the locking member 20 in a direction opposite to the first direction D1 under engagement of the locking member.

By the engagement between the locking portion 21 of the locking piece 20 and the locking hole 13 of the base 10, the locking piece 20 can be prevented from rotating relative to the base 10, and by the engagement of the locking portion 21 beyond the locking hole 13 with the locking piece, the locking piece 20 can be prevented from moving in the opposite direction of the first direction D1, thereby locking the square shaft 90 to avoid a safety accident caused by an erroneous operation.

The portion of the locking portion 21 beyond the locking hole 13 encloses a locking hole 13 with the base 10. When the lock beam of the lock passes through the lock hole 24, the lock member 20 is prevented from moving in the opposite direction of the first direction D1, i.e. the lock member 20 is locked, so that the square shaft 90 is locked. In other exemplary embodiments, the portion of the locking portion 21 beyond the locking aperture 13 has a locking aperture 24 when the locking member 20 is in the locked position, such that movement of the locking member 20 in a direction opposite to the first direction D1 is prevented when the shackle of the locking member passes through the locking aperture 24. The lock beam of the lock member passes through the lock hole 24 to lock the square shaft 90, and the lock beam can be bent arm-shaped or other shapes. The range of choice of locking elements is therefore wide and easy to obtain, as is the method of locking the square shaft 90 using the locking elements.

In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the base 10 has a first limit portion 11 and a second limit portion 12. The first limiting portion 11 and the second limiting portion 12 are disposed opposite to each other along the first direction D1. The locking member 20 has a movable stop 22. The movable limiting portion 22 is located between the first limiting portion 11 and the second limiting portion 12 along the first direction D1.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view for explaining the structure of the safety operation assembly shown in fig. 2. As shown in fig. 3, the locking member 20 includes a first mating structure 25 and the handle 40 includes a second mating structure 41. The handle 40 is movable relative to the base 10 in a first direction D1 and vice versa between a first position and a second position.

The locking member 20 has an extension 26. The extension portion 26 is sleeved on the square shaft 90 and penetrates through the handle 40. Thereby facilitating pulling of the extension 26 to move the locking member 20 from the unlocked position to the locked position, thereby facilitating locking of the locking member 20.

The safety operating assembly further comprises an elastic member 30. The elastic member 30 can apply an elastic force to the locking member 20 to move the locking member 20 to the unlocking position. In other exemplary embodiments, the elastic member 30 may be disposed between the first limiting portion 11 and the movable limiting portion 22, and the locking member 20 may be moved to the unlocking position by applying elastic tension to the locking member 20. The elastic member 30 is a compression spring. The axis of the elastic member 30 is parallel to the first direction D1. One end of the elastic member 30 is fixedly connected with the locking member 20, and the other end is fixedly connected with the handle 40. The elastic member 30 is capable of applying an elastic force to the locking member 20 to move the locking member 20 to the unlocking position while moving the handle 40 to the first position. The resilient member 30 is also capable of applying a resilient force to the locking member 20 and the handle 40 to conform the relative rotational position of the two to the relative mating position. Thereby facilitating automatic separation of the handle 40 from the locking member 20 and the relative rotational position of the two conforms to the relative mating position.

The safety operating assembly also includes a handle 40. The handle 40 is rotatably connected to the base 10, and the rotational axis of the handle 40 coincides with the axis of the square shaft 90. Fig. 6 is a schematic view for explaining the safety operating assembly shown in fig. 2 when the handle 40 is in the second position.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view for explaining the safety operation assembly shown in fig. 2 in an unlocked state. Referring to fig. 4, the locking member 20 moves in the opposite direction of the first direction D1 until the movable limiting portion 22 abuts against the first limiting portion 11, at this time, the locking portion 21 moves below the second limiting portion 12, that is, the locking portion 21 is hidden in the base 10, an operator cannot lock the locking member 20 by using the locking member, the safety operation assembly is in an unlocked state, and the locking member 20 can rotate synchronously with the square shaft 90 relative to the base 10 to perform opening and closing operations. The locking member 20 is in the unlocked position, the position of the handle 40 in the first direction D1 when moving away from the locking member 20 to abut against the base 10 is the first position, and the upper edge of the base 10 may be provided with, for example, a blocking piece for preventing the handle 40 from further movement, when the second mating structure 41 and the first mating structure 25 are separated from each other.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view for explaining the safety operation assembly shown in fig. 2 in a locked state. Referring to fig. 5, the locking member 20 moves in the first direction D1 until the movable stopper 22 abuts against the second stopper 12, at which time the locking portion 21 is inserted from the locking hole 13 (not shown in fig. 5) and out of the locking hole 13, thereby forming a locking hole 24 above the second stopper 12, and an operator can lock the locking member 20 against rotation with respect to the base 10 using the locking member, thereby locking the square shaft 90, and the safety operating assembly is in a locked state. At this time, if the switching device is in a switching-off state and needs to be switched on, the switching device needs to be unlocked first, so that the safety of switching-on operation is ensured.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view illustrating the safety operating assembly shown in fig. 2 when the handle is in the second position. Referring to fig. 6, the locking member 20 is in the unlocked position, and the relative rotational positions of the handle 40 and the locking member 20 correspond to a relative mating position, i.e., the first mating structure 25 and the second mating structure 41 are separated but aligned with each other, such that the handle 40 is mated when moved in a direction opposite to the first direction D1. The handle 40 moves from the first position along the opposite direction of the first direction D1 to the second position when the first matching structure 25 and the second matching structure 41 are mutually inserted, at this time, the handle 40 and the locking piece 20 can synchronously rotate, and the square shaft 90 is driven to rotate to perform opening and closing operations.

The locking member 20 is provided with a plurality of first mating structures 25, wherein a part of the first mating structures 25 are plugs, and another part of the first mating structures 25 are slots. The handle 40 is provided with a plurality of second matching structures 41, wherein one part of the second matching structures 41 is a plug, and the other part of the second matching structures 41 is a slot. One slot is used for being spliced with one plug block. Thereby facilitating engagement of the handle 40 with the locking member 20. In another exemplary embodiment, the number of the first and second fitting structures 25 and 41 may be one each.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view for explaining the safety operating assembly shown in fig. 2 when the locking member 20 is in the locked position. Referring to fig. 7, the movable stopper 22 has five positioning holes 23 penetrating in the first direction D1. The second limiting portion 12 has four positioning blocks 121 protruding in the opposite direction of the first direction D1. When the locking member 20 is in the locking position, the positioning block 121 is inserted into the positioning hole 23 and can prevent the locking member 20 from rotating relative to the base 10. Both ends of the positioning block 121 in the circumferential direction of the square shaft 90 are provided with guide surfaces 122 gradually approaching inward in the circumferential direction of the square shaft 90 in the opposite direction of the first direction D1. The guide surface 122 can guide the locking member 20 to rotate until the positioning holes 23 are aligned with the positioning blocks 121, i.e., four positioning blocks 121 are inserted into the corresponding positioning holes 23, during the movement of the locking member 20 in the first direction D1 toward the locking position. Thereby facilitating accurate movement of the locking member 20 to the locked position. In other exemplary embodiments, the number of the positioning holes 23 and the positioning blocks 121 may be one, or may be other values, but the number of the positioning blocks 121 should not be greater than the number of the positioning holes 23.

As shown in fig. 1, an exemplary embodiment of a switchgear includes a housing 80 and a square shaft 90. One end of the square shaft 90 is inserted into the shell 80, the other end of the square shaft is inserted into the cabinet door rotating handle 70 of the electric cabinet, and the square shaft 90 and the cabinet door rotating handle 70 can synchronously rotate relative to the shell 80 to realize opening and closing operations. The switching device further comprises one of the above-mentioned safety operating assemblies. The switching device can lock the rotation of the square shaft 90 by providing the above-mentioned safety operation assembly to avoid safety accidents caused by erroneous operation.

In use, when an operator overhauls the electrical cabinet, the cabinet door rotating handle 70 is operated to rotate towards the opening position, and the square shaft 90 is driven by the cabinet door rotating handle 70 to perform opening operation at the opening position. Due to the synchronous rotation relationship between the square shaft 90 and the locking member 20, the square shaft 90 drives the locking member 20 to rotate to the opening position. The locking piece 20 is connected with the handle 40 through the elastic piece 30, and the rotation of the locking piece 20 drives the elastic piece 30 to twist so as to generate elastic force torque. The handle 40 is a lightweight component, and the elastic force torque generated by the elastic member 30 is sufficient to drive the handle 40 to rotate following the locking member 20, so that when the locking member 20 rotates to the opening position, the handle 40 also rotates to the opening position, and the circuit is broken.

Opening the cabinet door 70 of the electrical cabinet, the service personnel pulls out the extension 26 along the first direction D1 to move the locking member 20 to the locking position along the first direction D1 and expose the locking hole 24, the elastic member 30 is compressed, and the service personnel passes the lock beam of the locking member through the locking hole 24 to lock the locking member 20.

When the maintenance is finished, the unlocking member unlocks the locking member 20, and the elastic member 30 resumes the deformation and pushes the locking member 20 to the unlocking position, and simultaneously pushes the handle 40 to the first position. The maintainer presses the handle 40 to the second position along the opposite direction of the first direction D1, at this time, the first matching structure 25 and the second matching structure 41 are mutually inserted, the handle 40 is rotated to the closing position, the circuit is closed, and the closing position is perpendicular to the opening position. Releasing the handle 40, the elastic member 30 resumes its deformation pushing the locking member 20 to the unlocking position, while pushing the handle 40 to the first position. Rotating the handle 40 in the first position does not rotate the square shaft 90 because a considerable torque is required to drive the square shaft 90 to rotate, and the elastic force torque generated by the elastic member 30 when the handle 40 rotates is insufficient to drive the square shaft 90 to rotate. Therefore, the switch device can be operated only by pressing the handle 40 to the confirmation of the cooperation with the locking member 20, thereby avoiding erroneous operation of the switch device.

It should be understood that although the present disclosure has been described in terms of various embodiments, not every embodiment is provided with a separate technical solution, and this description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should consider the disclosure as a whole, and the technical solutions in the various embodiments may be combined appropriately to form other embodiments that will be understood by those skilled in the art.

The above list of detailed descriptions is only specific to practical examples of the present invention, and they are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent embodiments or modifications, such as combinations, divisions or repetitions of features, without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A safety operating assembly for a switching device, the switching device comprising a housing and a square shaft rotatable relative to the housing to effect opening and closing operations, the safety operating assembly comprising:

a base (10) which is fixedly arranged relative to the housing and has a locking hole (13) which runs through in a first direction (D1), the first direction (D1) being parallel to the axis of rotation of the square shaft; and

a locking member (20) which is sleeved on the square shaft so as to be capable of rotating synchronously with the square shaft, wherein the locking member (20) can move relative to the square shaft along the first direction (D1) and the opposite direction of the first direction (D1), the locking member (20) is provided with a locking part (21), when the square shaft rotates to a separating brake position, the locking member (20) can move along the first direction (D1) and simultaneously drive the locking part (21) to be inserted into and out of the locking hole (13) so as to reach a locking position, and when the locking member (20) is positioned at the locking position, the locking part (21) can abut against the base (10) so as to prevent the locking member (20) from rotating relative to the base (10), and the part of the locking part (21) which is out of the locking hole (13) is used for being matched with a locking member so as to prevent the locking member (20) from moving reversely along the first direction (D1).

2. The safety operating assembly of a switching device according to claim 1, characterized in that the base (10) has a first limit part (11) and a second limit part (12), the first limit part (11) and the second limit part (12) being arranged opposite each other in the first direction (D1), the locking element (20) having a movable limit part (22), the movable limit part (22) being located between the first limit part (11) and the second limit part (12) in the first direction (D1), the locking element (20) being located in an unlocked position with the movable limit part (22) abutting the first limit part (11) in the opposite direction (D1), and the locking element (20) being located in the locked position with the movable limit part (22) abutting the second limit part in the first direction (D1).

3. A safety operating assembly of a switching device according to claim 2, characterized in that the safety operating assembly further comprises an elastic member (30), the elastic member (30) being capable of exerting an elastic force on the locking member (20) that moves the locking member (20) towards the unlocking position.

4. A safety operating assembly of a switching device according to claim 2, characterized in that the movable limiting part (22) is provided with a positioning hole (23) penetrating along the first direction (D1), the second limiting part (12) is provided with a positioning block (121) protruding along the opposite direction of the first direction (D1), the positioning block (121) is inserted into the positioning hole (23) and can prevent the locking piece (20) from rotating relative to the base (10) when the locking piece (20) is located at the locking position, both ends of the positioning block (121) along the circumferential direction of the square shaft are provided with guiding surfaces (122) gradually approaching inwards along the circumferential direction of the square shaft along the opposite direction of the first direction (D1), and the guiding surfaces (122) can guide the locking piece (20) to rotate until the positioning hole (23) is aligned with the positioning block (121) during the movement of the locking piece (20) along the first direction (D1) to the locking position.

5. A safety operating assembly of a switching device according to claim 1, characterized in that the portion of the locking part (21) which exceeds the locking hole (13) with the locking element (20) in the locking position has a locking hole (24), through which locking hole (24) a shackle of a locking element can pass to prevent movement of the locking element (20) in the opposite direction of the first direction (D1); or alternatively

When the locking member (20) is in the locking position, a portion of the locking portion (21) beyond the locking hole (13) encloses a locking hole (24) with the base (10), and a lock beam of one locking member can pass through the locking hole (24) to prevent the locking member (20) from moving in a direction opposite to the first direction (D1).

6. The safety operating assembly of a switching device according to claim 2, further comprising a handle (40), said handle (40) being rotatably connected to said base (10), and the axis of rotation of said handle (40) coinciding with the axis of said square shaft, said handle (40) being further capable of moving relative to said base (10) in a direction parallel to said first direction (D1) and against said base (10) when moving in said first direction (D1) to a first position, said locking member (20) comprising a first mating structure (25), said handle (40) comprising a second mating structure (41), said handle (40) being capable of moving in a direction opposite to said first direction (D1) to said second mating structure (41) when said locking member (20) is in said unlocked position and the relative rotational position of said handle (40) and said locking member (20) coincides with a relative mating position, said handle (40) being capable of moving in said first direction (D1) to said second mating structure (41) and locking said first mating structure (20) against said first direction (20) to said first direction (20), the second mating structure (41) of the handle (40) in the first position is separated from the first mating structure (25).

7. A safety operating assembly of a switching device according to claim 6, characterized in that the locking member (20) is provided with a number of first mating structures (25), wherein a part of the first mating structures (25) are plug-ins and a part of the first mating structures (25) are plug-ins, and the handle (40) is provided with a number of second mating structures (41), wherein a part of the second mating structures (41) are plug-ins and a part of the second mating structures (41) are plug-ins, one plug-in socket being intended for plugging with one plug-in block.

8. The safety operating assembly of a switching device according to claim 6, further comprising an elastic member (30), said elastic member (30) being a compression spring, an axis of said elastic member (30) being parallel to said first direction (D1), one end of said elastic member (30) being fixedly connected to said locking member (20) and the other end being fixedly connected to said handle (40), said elastic member (30) being capable of applying an elastic force to said locking member (20) for moving said locking member (20) to said unlocking position and an elastic force to said handle (40) for moving said handle (40) to said first position, said elastic member (30) being further capable of applying an elastic force to said locking member (20) and said handle (40) for relatively rotating them to said relative mating position.

9. A safety operating assembly of a switching device according to claim 6, characterized in that the locking element (20) has a projection (26), the projection (26) being fitted over the square shaft and passing through the handle (40).

10. Switching device comprising a housing (80) and a square shaft (90), said square shaft (90) being rotatable with respect to said housing (80) for opening and closing operations, characterized in that it further comprises a safety operating assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 9.