CN116700578A

CN116700578A - Layer synthesis method, electronic device and storage medium

Info

Publication number: CN116700578A
Application number: CN202211151139.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李飞
Original assignee: Honor Device Co Ltd
Current assignee: Honor Device Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-09-21
Filing date: 2022-09-21
Publication date: 2023-09-05
Anticipated expiration: 2042-09-21
Also published as: CN116700578B

Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides a layer synthesis method, electronic equipment and a storage medium, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the display processor writes back the display data synthesized by the hardware synthesizer into a set memory space; and the graphic processor generates display data of the virtual screen based on the display data written back to the set memory space through the graphic synthesizer. By the layer composition method, the original multi-time composition of a plurality of screens can be reduced to only one composition. By the layer synthesis method, surface Flinger can perform adaptive processing based on display data originally used for a physical display screen and written back to a shared memory by a Display Processor (DPU), and display data suitable for a virtual screen are obtained. In the synthesis process, only one synthesis step is executed, so that the time required by synthesis is reduced, the situation that the Surface Flinger synthesis waits for the HWC synthesis to return for a long time is avoided, the probability of frame loss and blocking caused by the fact that the synthesis of all screens cannot be completed in the current VSYNC period is reduced, and the user experience is improved.

Description

Layer synthesis method, electronic device and storage medium

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of image processing technologies, and in particular, to a layer synthesis method, an electronic device, and a storage medium.

Background

The display interface of an electronic device is typically composed of multiple layers (surfaces), i.e., the multiple layers form the display interface of the electronic device in a superimposed manner.

Currently, graphics layer synthesis approaches include both graphics processor (Graphics Processing Unit, GPU) synthesis and hardware synthesizer (HWC) synthesis. The GPU is a general image processing device, the GPU is used for synthesizing layers and completing other graphic processing tasks, and the HWC is a special image processing device, and compared with the GPU synthesis, the HWC synthesis has the advantages of high performance, high synthesis speed and the like. When the HWC synthesizes, since each layer to be synthesized needs to occupy one transmission channel of the HWC, the number of layers that the HWC supports synthesis is limited by the transmission channel that the HWC has. When the number of layers to be synthesized is larger than the number of layers supported by the HWC, the GPU is required to first convert part of the layers in the layers to be synthesized into a synthesized layer, then send the synthesized layer and the rest layers to the HWC, and perform synthesis and display (output to display) by the HWC, so that a frame of image synthesized by the layers to be synthesized can be displayed on the screen. When the electronic device needs to perform virtual display (such as projection display, multi-screen display or screen recording, etc.), only GPU can be used for synthesizing, and synthesized data is output to a corresponding buffer.

However, in a multi-screen display scenario, a graphics Synthesizer (SF) performs serial processing on the synthesis of three screens, and the synthesis flow of each screen is independently complete and serial, when the physical screens are synthesized, if a Hardware vertical synchronization signal (harrware V-Sync, HW-VSYNC) and an image synthesizer vertical synchronization signal (Surface Flinger V-Sync, SF VSYNC) are not adapted to a suitable delay time (offset), the SF synthesis will wait for the HWC synthesis to return for a long time, which will result in that the synthesis of all the screens cannot be completed in the current VSYNC period, and will result in frame loss and clamping.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the application provides a layer synthesis method, electronic equipment and a storage medium, which can solve the problems that the SF synthesis waits for the HWC synthesis to return for a long time and frame loss and blocking occur due to the fact that HW-VSYNC and SF VSYNC are not suitable for proper delay time.

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a layer synthesis method, applied to an electronic device, where the electronic device includes a graphics synthesizer Surface Flinger, a hardware synthesizer HWC, a graphics processor GPU, and a display processor DPU, and the electronic device performs multi-screen display on a physical display screen and a virtual screen, where the method includes: the display processor writes back the display data synthesized by the hardware synthesizer into a set memory space; and the graphic processor generates display data of the virtual screen based on the display data written back to the set memory space through the graphic synthesizer. By the layer composition method, the original multi-time composition of a plurality of screens can be reduced to only one composition. By the layer synthesis method, surface Flinger can perform adaptive processing based on display data originally used for a physical display screen and written back to a shared memory by a Display Processor (DPU), and display data suitable for a virtual screen are obtained. In the synthesis process, only one synthesis step is executed, so that the time required by synthesis is reduced, the situation that the Surface Flinger synthesis waits for the HWC synthesis to return for a long time is avoided, the probability of frame loss and blocking caused by the fact that the synthesis of all screens cannot be completed in the current VSYNC period is reduced, and the user experience is improved.

Further, before the display processor writes back the display data synthesized by the hardware synthesizer to the set memory space, the method further includes: and determining that the display data synthesized by the hardware synthesizer is suitable for the current multi-screen display scene.

Further, the display data synthesized by the hardware synthesizer is a first image frame synthesized by the hardware synthesizer, and the image required by the display effect of the virtual screen is a second image frame; the determining that the display data synthesized by the hardware synthesizer is suitable for the current multi-screen display scene comprises: it is determined that the participating layers in the first image frame are consistent with the participating layers in the second image frame.

Further, determining that the participating layers in the first image frame are consistent with the participating layers in the second image frame comprises: and determining that the number of the layers participated in the first image frame is consistent with the number of the layers participated in the second image frame, the content of the layers and the positions of the layers.

Further, the memory space is set as the shared memory in the graphic allocation memory.

Further, the generating, by the graphics processor, display data of the virtual screen based on the display data written back to the set memory space by the graphics synthesizer includes: when the graphic processor generates the display data of the virtual screen based on the display data written back to the set memory space through the graphic synthesizer, the display data of the virtual screen is stored in a raw format.

Further, the display data synthesized by the hardware synthesizer is a first image frame synthesized by the hardware synthesizer, and the image required by the display effect of the virtual screen is a second image frame; the graphics processor generating, by the graphics synthesizer, display data of the virtual screen based on the display data written back to the set memory space includes: if the first image frame is determined to be required to be subjected to post-processing to obtain a second image frame, carrying out post-processing on the first image frame based on the display effect requirement of the virtual screen; the post-processing includes a reduction process, a deformation process, an effect transformation process, or a clipping process.

Further, if it is determined that the first image frame needs to be post-processed, the graphics synthesizer creates a buffer area corresponding to the virtual screen in the graphics allocation memory, and after the second image frame is obtained through post-processing, buffers the second image frame in the buffer area corresponding to the virtual screen.

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device, including: the system comprises a processor and a memory for storing at least one instruction which, when loaded and executed by the processor, implements the layer composition method provided in the first aspect.

In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the layer synthesis method of the first aspect.

In a fourth aspect, embodiments of the present application further provide a computer program product comprising a computer program or instructions, wherein the computer program or instructions, when executed by a processor, implement the layer synthesis method of the first aspect.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, it will be obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort to a person skilled in the art.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a software architecture of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a related art display process performed based on a Vsync signal;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a display pipeline according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a display interface synthesis and display process of a mobile phone according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 7 is a diagram of a layer composition of a three-screen display scene;

FIG. 8 is a schematic flow chart of a layer combining method according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a layer diagram according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a raw image data storage format according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 11 is a flowchart of a layer combining method according to another embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram illustrating post-processing of image frames according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram illustrating an acquisition mode of a virtual screen media stream according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of an acquisition mode of a virtual screen media stream according to another embodiment of the present application;

fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.

The embodiment of the application provides a layer synthesis method which can be applied to electronic equipment with a display function, namely a display screen. The display screen may be a touch screen in one embodiment.

The electronic device may include a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a handheld computer, a notebook computer, a personal digital assistant (personal digital assistant, PDA), an enhanced display (augmented reality, AR)/virtual display (VR) device, a smart watch, or other electronic device having a display screen.

Fig. 1 shows a schematic configuration of an electronic device 100.

The electronic device 100 may include a processor 110, an external memory interface 120, an internal memory 121, a universal serial bus (universal serial bus, USB) interface 130, a charge management module 140, a power management module 141, a battery 142, an antenna 1, an antenna 2, a mobile communication module 150, a wireless communication module 160, an audio module 170, a speaker 170A, a receiver 170B, a microphone 170C, an earphone interface 170D, a sensor module 180, keys 190, a motor 191, an indicator 192, a camera 193, a display 194, and a subscriber identity module (subscriber identification module, SIM) card interface 195, etc. The sensor module 180 may include a pressure sensor 180A, a gyro sensor 180B, an air pressure sensor 180C, a magnetic sensor 180D, an acceleration sensor 180E, a distance sensor 180F, a proximity sensor 180G, a fingerprint sensor 180H, a temperature sensor 180J, a touch sensor 180K, an ambient light sensor 180L, a bone conduction sensor 180M, and the like.

It should be understood that the illustrated structure of the embodiment of the present application does not constitute a specific limitation on the electronic device 100. In other embodiments of the application, electronic device 100 may include more or fewer components than shown, or certain components may be combined, or certain components may be split, or different arrangements of components. The illustrated components may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware.

The processor 110 may include one or more processing units, such as: the processor 110 may include an application processor (application processor, AP), a modem processor, a graphics processor (graphics processing unit, GPU), an image signal processor (image signal processor, ISP), a controller, a video codec, a digital signal processor (digital signal processor, DSP), a baseband processor, and/or a neural network processor (neural-network processing unit, NPU), etc. Wherein the different processing units may be separate devices or may be integrated in one or more processors.

The controller can generate operation control signals according to the instruction operation codes and the time sequence signals to finish the control of instruction fetching and instruction execution.

A memory may also be provided in the processor 110 for storing instructions and data. In some embodiments, the memory in the processor 110 is a cache memory. The memory may hold instructions or data that the processor 110 has just used or recycled. If the processor 110 needs to reuse the instruction or data, it can be called directly from the memory. Repeated accesses are avoided and the latency of the processor 110 is reduced, thereby improving the efficiency of the system.

In some embodiments, the processor 110 may include one or more interfaces. The interfaces may include an integrated circuit (inter-integrated circuit, I2C) interface, an integrated circuit built-in audio (inter-integrated circuit sound, I2S) interface, a pulse code modulation (pulse code modulation, PCM) interface, a universal asynchronous receiver transmitter (universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter, UART) interface, a mobile industry processor interface (mobile industry processor interface, MIPI), a general-purpose input/output (GPIO) interface, a subscriber identity module (subscriber identity module, SIM) interface, and/or a universal serial bus (universal serial bus, USB) interface, among others.

The I2C interface is a bi-directional synchronous serial bus comprising a serial data line (SDA) and a serial clock line (derail clock line, SCL). In some embodiments, the processor 110 may contain multiple sets of I2C buses. The processor 110 may be coupled to the touch sensor 180K, charger, flash, camera 193, etc., respectively, through different I2C bus interfaces. For example: the processor 110 may be coupled to the touch sensor 180K through an I2C interface, such that the processor 110 communicates with the touch sensor 180K through an I2C bus interface to implement a touch function of the electronic device 100.

The I2S interface may be used for audio communication. In some embodiments, the processor 110 may contain multiple sets of I2S buses. The processor 110 may be coupled to the audio module 170 via an I2S bus to enable communication between the processor 110 and the audio module 170. In some embodiments, the audio module 170 may transmit an audio signal to the wireless communication module 160 through the I2S interface, to implement a function of answering a call through the bluetooth headset.

PCM interfaces may also be used for audio communication to sample, quantize and encode analog signals. In some embodiments, the audio module 170 and the wireless communication module 160 may be coupled through a PCM bus interface. In some embodiments, the audio module 170 may also transmit audio signals to the wireless communication module 160 through the PCM interface to implement a function of answering a call through the bluetooth headset. Both the I2S interface and the PCM interface may be used for audio communication.

The UART interface is a universal serial data bus for asynchronous communications. The bus may be a bi-directional communication bus. It converts the data to be transmitted between serial communication and parallel communication. In some embodiments, a UART interface is typically used to connect the processor 110 with the wireless communication module 160. For example: the processor 110 communicates with a bluetooth module in the wireless communication module 160 through a UART interface to implement a bluetooth function. In some embodiments, the audio module 170 may transmit an audio signal to the wireless communication module 160 through a UART interface, to implement a function of playing music through a bluetooth headset.

The MIPI interface may be used to connect the processor 110 to peripheral devices such as a display 194, a camera 193, and the like. The MIPI interfaces include camera serial interfaces (camera serial interface, CSI), display serial interfaces (display serial interface, DSI), and the like. In some embodiments, processor 110 and camera 193 communicate through a CSI interface to implement the photographing functions of electronic device 100. The processor 110 and the display 194 communicate via a DSI interface to implement the display functionality of the electronic device 100.

The GPIO interface may be configured by software. The GPIO interface may be configured as a control signal or as a data signal. In some embodiments, a GPIO interface may be used to connect the processor 110 with the camera 193, the display 194, the wireless communication module 160, the audio module 170, the sensor module 180, and the like. The GPIO interface may also be configured as an I2C interface, an I2S interface, a UART interface, an MIPI interface, etc.

The USB interface 130 is an interface conforming to the USB standard specification, and may specifically be a Mini USB interface, a Micro USB interface, a USB Type C interface, or the like. The USB interface 130 may be used to connect a charger to charge the electronic device 100, and may also be used to transfer data between the electronic device 100 and a peripheral device. And can also be used for connecting with a headset, and playing audio through the headset. The interface may also be used to connect other electronic devices, such as AR devices, etc.

It should be understood that the interfacing relationship between the modules illustrated in the embodiments of the present application is only illustrative, and is not meant to limit the structure of the electronic device 100. In other embodiments of the present application, the electronic device 100 may also employ different interfacing manners in the above embodiments, or a combination of multiple interfacing manners.

The charge management module 140 is configured to receive a charge input from a charger. The charger can be a wireless charger or a wired charger. In some wired charging embodiments, the charge management module 140 may receive a charging input of a wired charger through the USB interface 130. In some wireless charging embodiments, the charge management module 140 may receive wireless charging input through a wireless charging coil of the electronic device 100. The charging management module 140 may also supply power to the electronic device through the power management module 141 while charging the battery 142.

The power management module 141 is used for connecting the battery 142, and the charge management module 140 and the processor 110. The power management module 141 receives input from the battery 142 and/or the charge management module 140 to power the processor 110, the internal memory 121, the display 194, the camera 193, the wireless communication module 160, and the like. The power management module 141 may also be configured to monitor battery capacity, battery cycle number, battery health (leakage, impedance) and other parameters. In other embodiments, the power management module 141 may also be provided in the processor 110. In other embodiments, the power management module 141 and the charge management module 140 may be disposed in the same device.

The wireless communication function of the electronic device 100 may be implemented by the antenna 1, the antenna 2, the mobile communication module 150, the wireless communication module 160, a modem processor, a baseband processor, and the like.

The antennas 1 and 2 are used for transmitting and receiving electromagnetic wave signals. Each antenna in the electronic device 100 may be used to cover a single or multiple communication bands. Different antennas may also be multiplexed to improve the utilization of the antennas. For example: the antenna 1 may be multiplexed into a diversity antenna of a wireless local area network. In other embodiments, the antenna may be used in conjunction with a tuning switch.

The mobile communication module 150 may provide a solution for wireless communication including 2G/3G/4G/5G, etc., applied to the electronic device 100. The mobile communication module 150 may include at least one filter, switch, power amplifier, low noise amplifier (low noise amplifier, LNA), etc. The mobile communication module 150 may receive electromagnetic waves from the antenna 1, perform processes such as filtering, amplifying, and the like on the received electromagnetic waves, and transmit the processed electromagnetic waves to the modem processor for demodulation. The mobile communication module 150 can amplify the signal modulated by the modem processor, and convert the signal into electromagnetic waves through the antenna 1 to radiate. In some embodiments, at least some of the functional modules of the mobile communication module 150 may be disposed in the processor 110. In some embodiments, at least some of the functional modules of the mobile communication module 150 may be provided in the same device as at least some of the modules of the processor 110.

The modem processor may include a modulator and a demodulator. The modulator is used for modulating the low-frequency baseband signal to be transmitted into a medium-high frequency signal. The demodulator is used for demodulating the received electromagnetic wave signal into a low-frequency baseband signal. The demodulator then transmits the demodulated low frequency baseband signal to the baseband processor for processing. The low frequency baseband signal is processed by the baseband processor and then transferred to the application processor. The application processor outputs sound signals through an audio device (not limited to the speaker 170A, the receiver 170B, etc.), or displays images or video through the display screen 194. In some embodiments, the modem processor may be a stand-alone device. In other embodiments, the modem processor may be provided in the same device as the mobile communication module 150 or other functional module, independent of the processor 110.

The wireless communication module 160 may provide solutions for wireless communication including wireless local area network (wireless local area networks, WLAN) (e.g., wireless fidelity (wireless fidelity, wi-Fi) network), bluetooth (BT), global navigation satellite system (global navigation satellite system, GNSS), frequency modulation (frequency modulation, FM), near field wireless communication technology (near field communication, NFC), infrared technology (IR), etc., as applied to the electronic device 100. The wireless communication module 160 may be one or more devices that integrate at least one communication processing module. The wireless communication module 160 receives electromagnetic waves via the antenna 2, modulates the electromagnetic wave signals, filters the electromagnetic wave signals, and transmits the processed signals to the processor 110. The wireless communication module 160 may also receive a signal to be transmitted from the processor 110, frequency modulate it, amplify it, and convert it to electromagnetic waves for radiation via the antenna 2.

In some embodiments, antenna 1 and mobile communication module 150 of electronic device 100 are coupled, and antenna 2 and wireless communication module 160 are coupled, such that electronic device 100 may communicate with a network and other devices through wireless communication techniques. The wireless communication techniques may include the Global System for Mobile communications (global system for mobile communications, GSM), general packet radio service (general packet radio service, GPRS), code division multiple access (code division multiple access, CDMA), wideband code division multiple access (wideband code division multiple access, WCDMA), time division code division multiple access (time-division code division multiple access, TD-SCDMA), long term evolution (long term evolution, LTE), BT, GNSS, WLAN, NFC, FM, and/or IR techniques, among others. The GNSS may include a global satellite positioning system (global positioning system, GPS), a global navigation satellite system (global navigation satellite system, GLONASS), a beidou satellite navigation system (beidou navigation satellite system, BDS), a quasi zenith satellite system (quasi-zenith satellite system, QZSS) and/or a satellite based augmentation system (satellite based augmentation systems, SBAS).

The electronic device 100 implements display functions through a GPU, a display screen 194, an application processor, and the like. The GPU is a microprocessor for image processing, and is connected to the display 194 and the application processor. The GPU is used to perform mathematical and geometric calculations for graphics rendering. Processor 110 may include one or more GPUs that execute program instructions to generate or change display information.

The display screen 194 is used to display images, videos, and the like. The display 194 includes a display panel. The display panel may employ a liquid crystal display (liquid crystal display, LCD), an organic light-emitting diode (OLED), an active-matrix organic light-emitting diode (AMOLED) or an active-matrix organic light-emitting diode (matrix organic light emitting diode), a flexible light-emitting diode (flex), a mini, a Micro led, a Micro-OLED, a quantum dot light-emitting diode (quantum dot light emitting diodes, QLED), or the like. In some embodiments, the electronic device 100 may include 1 or N display screens 194, N being a positive integer greater than 1.

The electronic device 100 may implement photographing functions through an ISP, a camera 193, a video codec, a GPU, a display screen 194, an application processor, and the like.

The ISP is used to process data fed back by the camera 193. For example, when photographing, the shutter is opened, light is transmitted to the camera photosensitive element through the lens, the optical signal is converted into an electric signal, and the camera photosensitive element transmits the electric signal to the ISP for processing and is converted into an image visible to naked eyes. ISP can also optimize the noise, brightness and skin color of the image. The ISP can also optimize parameters such as exposure, color temperature and the like of a shooting scene. In some embodiments, the ISP may be provided in the camera 193.

The camera 193 is used to capture still images or video. The object generates an optical image through the lens and projects the optical image onto the photosensitive element. The photosensitive element may be a charge coupled device (charge coupled device, CCD) or a Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) phototransistor. The photosensitive element converts the optical signal into an electrical signal, which is then transferred to the ISP to be converted into a digital image signal. The ISP outputs the digital image signal to the DSP for processing. The DSP converts the digital image signal into an image signal in a standard RGB, YUV, or the like format. In some embodiments, electronic device 100 may include 1 or N cameras 193, N being a positive integer greater than 1.

The digital signal processor is used for processing digital signals, and can process other digital signals besides digital image signals. For example, when the electronic device 100 selects a frequency bin, the digital signal processor is used to fourier transform the frequency bin energy, or the like.

Video codecs are used to compress or decompress digital video. The electronic device 100 may support one or more video codecs. In this way, the electronic device 100 may play or record video in a variety of encoding formats, such as: dynamic picture experts group (moving picture experts group, MPEG) 1, MPEG2, MPEG3, MPEG4, etc.

The NPU is a neural-network (NN) computing processor, and can rapidly process input information by referencing a biological neural network structure, for example, referencing a transmission mode between human brain neurons, and can also continuously perform self-learning. Applications such as intelligent awareness of the electronic device 100 may be implemented through the NPU, for example: image recognition, face recognition, speech recognition, text understanding, etc.

The external memory interface 120 may be used to connect an external memory card, such as a Micro SD card, to enable expansion of the memory capabilities of the electronic device 100. The external memory card communicates with the processor 110 through an external memory interface 120 to implement data storage functions. For example, files such as music, video, etc. are stored in an external memory card.

The internal memory 121 may be used to store computer executable program code including instructions. The internal memory 121 may include a storage program area and a storage data area. The storage program area may store an application program (such as a sound playing function, an image playing function, etc.) required for at least one function of the operating system, etc. The storage data area may store data created during use of the electronic device 100 (e.g., audio data, phonebook, etc.), and so on. In addition, the internal memory 121 may include a high-speed random access memory, and may further include a nonvolatile memory such as at least one magnetic disk storage device, a flash memory device, a universal flash memory (universal flash storage, UFS), and the like. The processor 110 performs various functional applications of the electronic device 100 and data processing by executing instructions stored in the internal memory 121 and/or instructions stored in a memory provided in the processor.

The electronic device 100 may implement audio functions through an audio module 170, a speaker 170A, a receiver 170B, a microphone 170C, an earphone interface 170D, an application processor, and the like. Such as music playing, recording, etc.

The audio module 170 is used to convert digital audio information into an analog audio signal output and also to convert an analog audio input into a digital audio signal. The audio module 170 may also be used to encode and decode audio signals. In some embodiments, the audio module 170 may be disposed in the processor 110, or a portion of the functional modules of the audio module 170 may be disposed in the processor 110.

The speaker 170A, also referred to as a "horn," is used to convert audio electrical signals into sound signals. The electronic device 100 may listen to music, or to hands-free conversations, through the speaker 170A.

A receiver 170B, also referred to as a "earpiece", is used to convert the audio electrical signal into a sound signal. When electronic device 100 is answering a telephone call or voice message, voice may be received by placing receiver 170B in close proximity to the human ear.

Microphone 170C, also referred to as a "microphone" or "microphone", is used to convert sound signals into electrical signals. When making a call or transmitting voice information, the user can sound near the microphone 170C through the mouth, inputting a sound signal to the microphone 170C. The electronic device 100 may be provided with at least one microphone 170C. In other embodiments, the electronic device 100 may be provided with two microphones 170C, and may implement a noise reduction function in addition to collecting sound signals. In other embodiments, the electronic device 100 may also be provided with three, four, or more microphones 170C to enable collection of sound signals, noise reduction, identification of sound sources, directional recording functions, etc.

The earphone interface 170D is used to connect a wired earphone. The headset interface 170D may be a USB interface 130 or a 3.5mm open mobile electronic device platform (open mobile terminal platform, OMTP) standard interface, a american cellular telecommunications industry association (cellular telecommunications industry association of the USA, CTIA) standard interface.

The pressure sensor 180A is used to sense a pressure signal, and may convert the pressure signal into an electrical signal. In some embodiments, the pressure sensor 180A may be disposed on the display screen 194. Pressure sensor 180A

Such as resistive pressure sensors, inductive pressure sensors, capacitive pressure sensors, etc. The capacitive pressure sensor may be a capacitive pressure sensor comprising at least two parallel plates with conductive material. The capacitance between the electrodes changes when a force is applied to the pressure sensor 180A. The electronic device 100 determines the strength of the pressure from the change in capacitance. When a touch operation is applied to the display screen 194, the electronic apparatus 100 detects the touch operation intensity according to the pressure sensor 180A. The electronic device 100 may also calculate the location of the touch based on the detection signal of the pressure sensor 180A. In some embodiments, touch operations that act on the same touch location, but at different touch operation strengths, may correspond to different operation instructions. For example: and executing an instruction for checking the short message when the touch operation with the touch operation intensity smaller than the first pressure threshold acts on the short message application icon. And executing an instruction for newly creating the short message when the touch operation with the touch operation intensity being greater than or equal to the first pressure threshold acts on the short message application icon.

The gyro sensor 180B may be used to determine a motion gesture of the electronic device 100. In some embodiments, the angular velocity of electronic device 100 about three axes (i.e., x, y, and z axes) may be determined by gyro sensor 180B. The gyro sensor 180B may be used for photographing anti-shake. For example, when the shutter is pressed, the gyro sensor 180B detects the shake angle of the electronic device 100, calculates the distance to be compensated by the lens module according to the angle, and makes the lens counteract the shake of the electronic device 100 through the reverse motion, so as to realize anti-shake. The gyro sensor 180B may also be used for navigating, somatosensory game scenes.

The air pressure sensor 180C is used to measure air pressure. In some embodiments, electronic device 100 calculates altitude from barometric pressure values measured by barometric pressure sensor 180C, aiding in positioning and navigation.

The magnetic sensor 180D includes a hall sensor. The electronic device 100 may detect the opening and closing of the flip cover using the magnetic sensor 180D. In some embodiments, when the electronic device 100 is a flip machine, the electronic device 100 may detect the opening and closing of the flip according to the magnetic sensor 180D. And then according to the detected opening and closing state of the leather sheath or the opening and closing state of the flip, the characteristics of automatic unlocking of the flip and the like are set.

The acceleration sensor 180E may detect the magnitude of acceleration of the electronic device 100 in various directions (typically three axes). The magnitude and direction of gravity may be detected when the electronic device 100 is stationary. The electronic equipment gesture recognition method can also be used for recognizing the gesture of the electronic equipment, and is applied to horizontal and vertical screen switching, pedometers and other applications.

A distance sensor 180F for measuring a distance. The electronic device 100 may measure the distance by infrared or laser. In some embodiments, the electronic device 100 may range using the distance sensor 180F to achieve quick focus.

The proximity light sensor 180G may include, for example, a Light Emitting Diode (LED) and a light detector, such as a photodiode. The light emitting diode may be an infrared light emitting diode. The electronic device 100 emits infrared light outward through the light emitting diode. The electronic device 100 detects infrared reflected light from nearby objects using a photodiode. When sufficient reflected light is detected, it may be determined that there is an object in the vicinity of the electronic device 100. When insufficient reflected light is detected, the electronic device 100 may determine that there is no object in the vicinity of the electronic device 100. The electronic device 100 can detect that the user holds the electronic device 100 close to the ear by using the proximity light sensor 180G, so as to automatically extinguish the screen for the purpose of saving power. The proximity light sensor 180G may also be used in holster mode, pocket mode to automatically unlock and lock the screen.

The ambient light sensor 180L is used to sense ambient light level. The electronic device 100 may adaptively adjust the brightness of the display 194 based on the perceived ambient light level. The ambient light sensor 180L may also be used to automatically adjust white balance when taking a photograph. Ambient light sensor 180L may also cooperate with proximity light sensor 180G to detect whether electronic device 100 is in a pocket to prevent false touches.

The fingerprint sensor 180H is used to collect a fingerprint. The electronic device 100 may utilize the collected fingerprint feature to unlock the fingerprint, access the application lock, photograph the fingerprint, answer the incoming call, etc.

The temperature sensor 180J is for detecting temperature. In some embodiments, the electronic device 100 performs a temperature processing strategy using the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 180J. For example, when the temperature reported by temperature sensor 180J exceeds a threshold, electronic device 100 performs a reduction in the performance of a processor located in the vicinity of temperature sensor 180J in order to reduce power consumption to implement thermal protection. In other embodiments, when the temperature is below another threshold, the electronic device 100 heats the battery 142 to avoid the low temperature causing the electronic device 100 to be abnormally shut down. In other embodiments, when the temperature is below a further threshold, the electronic device 100 performs boosting of the output voltage of the battery 142 to avoid abnormal shutdown caused by low temperatures.

The touch sensor 180K, also referred to as a "touch device". The touch sensor 180K may be disposed on the display screen 194, and the touch sensor 180K and the display screen 194 form a touch screen, which is also called a "touch screen". The touch sensor 180K is for detecting a touch operation acting thereon or thereabout. The touch sensor may communicate the detected touch operation to the application processor to determine the touch event type. Visual output related to touch operations may be provided through the display 194. In other embodiments, the touch sensor 180K may also be disposed on the surface of the electronic device 100 at a different location than the display 194.

The bone conduction sensor 180M may acquire a vibration signal. In some embodiments, bone conduction sensor 180M may acquire a vibration signal of a human vocal tract vibrating bone pieces. The bone conduction sensor 180M may also contact the pulse of the human body to receive the blood pressure pulsation signal. In some embodiments, bone conduction sensor 180M may also be provided in a headset, in combination with an osteoinductive headset. The audio module 170 may analyze the voice signal based on the vibration signal of the sound portion vibration bone block obtained by the bone conduction sensor 180M, so as to implement a voice function. The application processor may analyze the heart rate information based on the blood pressure beat signal acquired by the bone conduction sensor 180M, so as to implement a heart rate detection function.

The keys 190 include a power-on key, a volume key, etc. The keys 190 may be mechanical keys. Or may be a touch key. The electronic device 100 may receive key inputs, generating key signal inputs related to user settings and function controls of the electronic device 100.

The motor 191 may generate a vibration cue. The motor 191 may be used for incoming call vibration alerting as well as for touch vibration feedback. For example, touch operations acting on different applications (e.g., photographing, audio playing, etc.) may correspond to different vibration feedback effects. The motor 191 may also correspond to different vibration feedback effects by touching different areas of the display screen 194. Different application scenarios (such as time reminding, receiving information, alarm clock, game, etc.) can also correspond to different vibration feedback effects. The touch vibration feedback effect may also support customization.

The indicator 192 may be an indicator light, may be used to indicate a state of charge, a change in charge, a message indicating a missed call, a notification, etc.

The SIM card interface 195 is used to connect a SIM card. The SIM card may be inserted into the SIM card interface 195, or removed from the SIM card interface 195 to enable contact and separation with the electronic device 100. The electronic device 100 may support 1 or N SIM card interfaces, N being a positive integer greater than 1. The SIM card interface 195 may support Nano SIM cards, micro SIM cards, and the like. The same SIM card interface 195 may be used to insert multiple cards simultaneously. The types of the plurality of cards may be the same or different. The SIM card interface 195 may also be compatible with different types of SIM cards. The SIM card interface 195 may also be compatible with external memory cards. The electronic device 100 interacts with the network through the SIM card to realize functions such as communication and data communication. In some embodiments, the electronic device 100 employs esims, i.e.: an embedded SIM card. The eSIM card can be embedded in the electronic device 100 and cannot be separated from the electronic device 100.

The software system of the electronic device 100 may employ a layered architecture, an event driven architecture, a microkernel architecture, a microservice architecture, or a cloud architecture. In the embodiment of the invention, taking an Android system with a layered architecture as an example, a software structure of the electronic device 100 is illustrated.

Fig. 2 is a software configuration block diagram of the electronic device 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention.

The layered architecture divides the software into several layers, each with distinct roles and branches. The layers communicate with each other through a software interface. In some embodiments, the Android system is divided into four layers, from top to bottom, an application layer, an application framework layer, an Zhuoyun row (Android run) and system libraries, and a kernel layer, respectively.

The application layer may include a series of application packages.

As shown in fig. 2, the application package may include applications for cameras, gallery, calendar, phone calls, maps, navigation, WLAN, bluetooth, music, video, short messages, etc.

The application framework layer provides an application programming interface (application programming interface, API) and programming framework for application programs of the application layer. The application framework layer includes a number of predefined functions.

As shown in FIG. 2, the application framework layer may include a window manager, a content provider, a view system, a telephony manager, a resource manager, a notification manager, and the like.

The window manager is used for managing window programs. The window manager can acquire the size of the display screen, judge whether a status bar exists, lock the screen, intercept the screen and the like.

The content provider is used to store and retrieve data and make such data accessible to applications. The data may include video, images, audio, calls made and received, browsing history and bookmarks, phonebooks, etc.

The view system includes visual controls, such as controls to display text, controls to display pictures, and the like. The view system may be used to build applications. The display interface may be composed of one or more views. For example, a display interface including a text message notification icon may include a view displaying text and a view displaying a picture.

The telephony manager is used to provide the communication functions of the electronic device 100. Such as the management of call status (including on, hung-up, etc.).

The resource manager provides various resources for the application program, such as localization strings, icons, pictures, layout files, video files, and the like.

The notification manager allows the application to display notification information in a status bar, can be used to communicate notification type messages, can automatically disappear after a short dwell, and does not require user interaction. Such as notification manager is used to inform that the download is complete, message alerts, etc. The notification manager may also be a notification in the form of a chart or scroll bar text that appears on the system top status bar, such as a notification of a background running application, or a notification that appears on the screen in the form of a dialog window. For example, a text message is prompted in a status bar, a prompt tone is emitted, the electronic device vibrates, and an indicator light blinks, etc.

Android run time includes a core library and virtual machines. Android run time is responsible for scheduling and management of the Android system.

The core library consists of two parts: one part is a function which needs to be called by java language, and the other part is a core library of android.

The application layer and the application framework layer run in a virtual machine. The virtual machine executes java files of the application program layer and the application program framework layer as binary files. The virtual machine is used for executing the functions of object life cycle management, stack management, thread management, security and exception management, garbage collection and the like.

The system library may include a plurality of functional modules. For example: surface 1 manager (surface manager), media Libraries (Media Libraries), three-dimensional graphics processing Libraries (e.g., openGL ES), 2D graphics engines (e.g., SGL), etc.

The surface manager is used to manage the display subsystem and provides a fusion of 2D and 3D layers for multiple applications.

Media libraries support a variety of commonly used audio, video format playback and recording, still image files, and the like. The media library may support a variety of audio and video encoding formats, such as MPEG4, h.264, MP3, AAC, AMR, JPG, PNG, etc.

The three-dimensional graphic processing library is used for realizing three-dimensional graphic drawing, image rendering, synthesis, layer processing and the like.

The 2D graphics engine is a drawing engine for 2D drawing.

The kernel layer is a layer between hardware and software. The inner core layer at least comprises a display driver, a camera driver, an audio driver and a sensor driver.

The workflow of the electronic device 100 software and hardware is illustrated below in connection with capturing a photo scene.

When touch sensor 180K receives a touch operation, a corresponding hardware interrupt is issued to the kernel layer. The kernel layer processes the touch operation into the original input event (including information such as touch coordinates, time stamp of touch operation, etc.). The original input event is stored at the kernel layer. The application framework layer acquires an original input event from the kernel layer, and identifies a control corresponding to the input event. Taking the touch operation as a touch click operation, taking a control corresponding to the click operation as an example of a control of a camera application icon, the camera application calls an interface of an application framework layer, starts the camera application, further starts a camera driver by calling a kernel layer, and captures a still image or video by the camera 193.

The method for synthesizing the layer according to the embodiment of the application is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In order to facilitate understanding of the present application, terms related to embodiments of the present application will be explained first.

(1) Layer (surface): each application of the electronic device 100 may correspond to one or more graphical interfaces, each of which may be referred to as a surface. The display interface of the electronic device 100 is typically composed of multiple surfaces.

Each surface in the display interface has its position, size, and what needs to be displayed on the screen. The location, size, or content displayed of the application's corresponding surface may change during the running of the application.

Each surface has a corresponding layer attribute, which may include information such as a position, a size, etc. of the corresponding layer. In addition, each layer also has a corresponding buffer queue (buffer queue), and the buffer queue is used for storing display data of the corresponding layer, and the display data is used for indicating display content of the corresponding layer. The display data of the layer may be an image obtained after rendering the layer.

In addition, there may be an overlap between multiple surfaces in the display interface, and the stacking relationship between the individual surfaces may be described in terms of a hierarchy. The hierarchy is used to describe the order of the surfaces in the vertical direction of the display screen plane, i.e., to describe the up-down overlay relationship between the surfaces. The greater the level of surface, the more forward the surface is in the vertical direction of the display screen plane.

(2) Graphics Synthesizer (SF): surface Flinger is a system service. The system service is mainly used for realizing functions of creating, controlling, managing and the like of the Surface.

In the display system of the electronic device 100, layer composition may be implemented by Surface Flinger. For example, after an application is started, a Surface Flinger may create a layer for the application. In the process of terminal operation, the Surface Flinger can acquire the layers to be displayed of various applications of terminal operation, and the acquired layers are synthesized through a graphics processor (Graphics Processor Unit, GPU) and/or a hardware synthesizer (Hardware Composer, HWC).

As one example, the application may send a layer creation request to the Surface Flinger after launch. After the Surface Flinger receives the layer creation request of the application, a corresponding layer is created for the application, and the layer ID of the created layer is returned to the application. The created layer has a corresponding layer attribute, and the layer attribute may include information such as a size and a position of the layer.

In addition, the Surface layer may also allocate a corresponding buffer queue (buffer queue) for the created layer, where the buffer queue is used to store display data of the layer. The application performs rendering processing on the layer of the application according to the view update request, and after obtaining the display data of the layer, the display data of the layer can be stored in a buffer queue corresponding to the layer.

(3) GPU synthesis: GPUs are a type of general-purpose image processing device, and are used to complete other graphics processing tasks in addition to layer synthesis. GPU synthesis refers to a layer synthesis mode in which layers are synthesized by a GPU. GPU synthesis is software synthesis or data side (client) synthesis, and the GPU synthesis supports arbitrary synthesis transformation, and in some synthesis strategies of electronic devices 100 (such as mobile phones), when HWC synthesis cannot meet synthesis conditions, the GPU synthesis is used, or HWC synthesis and GPU synthesis are mixed for use, so that a target synthesis effect is achieved. The image layers which do not meet the conditions can be synthesized by the GPU, and the synthesized data are used as input data of HWC synthesis to be synthesized secondarily.

(4) HWC synthesis: HWC is a special image processing device for layer composition and display. The HWC may be a stand-alone device or may be integrated in a system-on-chip. HWC synthesis refers to the layer synthesis scheme in which layers are synthesized by HWC. In the HWC synthesis process, since each layer needs to occupy one transmission channel of the HWC, and the transmission channels of the HWC are limited, the number of layers of the HWC support synthesis is limited. HWC synthesis is hardware synthesis, i.e. there is a synthesis superposition of a single hardware processing layer in the electronic device 100, and the synthesized result is directly sent to display for display (i.e. sent for display), which has advantages that highly customized flow and result can generate extremely high synthesis efficiency, and relatively low power consumption. Because the number of layers supported by the HWC is limited, when the number of layers to be synthesized is larger than that supported by the HWC, the GPU is required to combine part of the layers in the layers to be synthesized, then the synthesis result of the GPU and the rest of the layers in the layers to be synthesized are sent to the HWC together, the synthesis result of the GPU and the rest of the layers are synthesized by the HWC to obtain the layers to be displayed, and then the layers to be displayed are sent to be displayed, so that a frame of image synthesized by the layers to be synthesized can be displayed on a screen.

(5) Vertical synchronization signal (Vertical Synchronization, vsync): in general, the Vsync signal may trigger an application rendering process, a graphics layer composition process, and a hardware rendering process at the same time. Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a display process performed based on a Vsync signal according to the related art. As shown in fig. 3, the display system may perform an application rendering process of the 1 st frame image in the nth Vsync period, a layer composition process of the 1 st frame image in the n+1th Vsync period, and a hardware display process of the 1 st frame image in the n+2th Vsync period. In addition, when the n+1th Vsync signal arrives, that is, when the n+1th Vsync period starts, the application rendering process of the 2 nd frame image may be started, the layer composition process of the 2 nd frame image may be executed in the n+2th Vsync period, and the hardware display process of the 2 nd frame image may be executed in the n+3rd Vsync period. In addition, when the n+2th Vsync signal arrives, that is, when the n+2th Vsync period starts, the application rendering process of the 3 rd frame image may be started, the layer composition process of the 3 rd frame image may be executed in the n+3rd Vsync period, and the hardware display process of the 2 nd frame image may be executed in the n+4th Vsync period.

The Vsync signal may be divided into:

the first Vsync signal: such as vsync_app. The first Vsync signal may be used to trigger drawing one or more layers and render the drawn layers.

The second Vsync signal: such as vsync_sf. The second Vsync signal may be used to trigger the integration of one or more layers of the rendering into an image frame.

Third Vsync signal: such as hw_vsync. The third Vsync signal may be used to trigger a hardware refresh display image frame.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application.

Referring to fig. 4, software in electronic device 100 associated with the layer composition includes, but is not limited to: an Application (APP) and a graphics Synthesizer (SF), the APP being located at an Application layer in the layered architecture of the electronic device 100, the Surface Flinger being located at a system layer in the layered architecture of the electronic device 100. The layer-related hardware in the electronic device 100 includes, but is not limited to: a graphics processor (Graphics Processor Unit, GPU) and a hardware synthesizer (Hardware Composer, HWC). The HWC may be a stand-alone device, or may be integrated on a System On Chip (SOC). The electronic device 100 completes the composition of multiple layers through interactions of APP, surface Flinger, GPU and HWC.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a display pipeline according to an embodiment of the present application.

Referring to fig. 5, the display pipeline of the display system of the electronic device 100 mainly includes three processes of application rendering, layer composition, and hardware rendering. That is, for a certain frame of image, the display system needs to sequentially execute an application rendering process, a Surface Flinger synthesizing process and a hardware display process before displaying the image on the display screen. The application rendering flow refers to rendering the layer of the application according to the view update request. The layer composition flow is to compose a plurality of layers rendered by the application rendering flow to generate a synthetic layer, and the synthetic layer is a frame image to be displayed. The hardware sending and displaying process is to process the hardware display of the synthesized image layer generated by the image layer synthesizing process and send the synthesized image layer to the display screen for refreshing and displaying.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a display interface synthesis and display process of a mobile phone according to an embodiment of the present application.

Referring to fig. 6, the display of the desktop of the mobile phone is composed of four layers, namely a status bar layer 61 at the top, a navigation bar layer 62 at the bottom, a desktop starter layer 63 in the middle, and a theme wallpaper layer 64. It should be understood that the display of the terminal device may be synthesized by other layers, and the embodiment of the present application is only illustrated in fig. 6 as an example.

The status bar layer 61 includes status information for indicating the mobile phone, for example, may include a network status, a battery status, a device connection status, a mobile phone setting status, or an icon. The navigation bar in the navigation bar layer 62 is used for interface switching, and may include navigation icons such as a return key, a home key, and a program view key that is running. Application icons, clocks, weather, and other controls may be included in the desktop master interface in desktop launcher layer 63.

As shown in fig. 6, the four layers (status bar layer 61, navigation bar layer 62, desktop initiator layer 63 and theme wallpaper layer 64) respectively correspond to four buffer queues (buffer queue), namely a first buffer queue, a second buffer queue, a third buffer queue and a fourth buffer queue shown in fig. 6. In the buffer queues shown in fig. 6, each buffer queue has four buffers (buffers), and the dark buffers in the buffer queues shown in fig. 6 are already ready buffers, wherein the ready buffers are arranged in the buffer queues from long to short according to the ready time, for example, three ready buffers currently exist in the buffer queues, the ready time of the buffer arranged at the top layer (top) position is relatively longest, the ready time of the next layer of buffer is next, and the ready position of the next layer of buffer is relatively shortest.

The graphics Synthesizer (SF) may synthesize based on a vertical synchronization signal (Vsync), where the Surface flight takes buffers with the longest ready time from the four buffer queue queues (the buffers are taken sequentially from the past to the latest time line), after some columns of calculation and analysis, the synthesis position, size, z-order, and other information of each buffer are finally determined, and then these buffers are submitted to the HWC to perform synthesis processing, and when the HWC calls the corresponding synthesis hardware to complete synthesis (i.e. complete layer synthesis), the currently synthesized result frame buffer (frame buffer) is sent to display (i.e. complete hardware display).

The following describes a multi-screen display scene according to an embodiment of the present application in detail:

in one embodiment, the electronic device 100 may support multiple physical screens, where the screens may be hot-swapped, or may have multiple screens in physical form, where a general multiple physical screens are divided into internal display (internal display) and external display (external display), where the own screen of the mobile phone is the internal display, and where there is typically and only one screen is the primary display, and other screens are secondary screens, and where the hot-swapped screen is the external display.

In another embodiment, the multi-screen display of the electronic device 100 may be displayed on a virtual screen, where the projection, multi-screen collaboration, screen recording, etc. are all implementation manners of virtual screen display. All screen outputs are required to be subjected to independent processing of a graphics Synthesizer (SF) to be subjected to data output, the physical screen is directly sent to a driving upper screen, the virtual screen is subjected to Surface Flinger synthesis to be subjected to data output to a target buffer zone, and the data is subjected to encoding and decoding processing network/local transmission to be displayed on a screen to be displayed in a media stream mode.

Layer processing for multi-screen display

Fig. 7 is a diagram of a layer composition of a three-screen display scene.

Referring to fig. 7, the electronic device 100 may perform three-screen display, specifically, display through one physical display screen and two virtual screens (a first virtual screen and a second virtual screen). The display data provided for the physical display screen to display can be obtained through synthesis by the HWC, and the display data provided for the first virtual screen and the second virtual screen can be obtained through synthesis by the GPU. In the process of synthesizing display data, the synthesis result of the HWC is directional output to the display, so that the virtual display can only use GPU synthesis to output data to the target buffer.

Fig. 8 is a schematic flow chart of a layer combining method according to an embodiment of the present application.

Referring to fig. 8, the layer synthesis method may include the steps of:

step 801: the electronic device writes back the display data synthesized by the hardware synthesizer to the set memory space through the display processor.

Wherein, a plurality of APPs can be installed in the electronic device 100, and in the working process of the electronic device 100, a plurality of APPs can be displayed simultaneously, and each APP can display a plurality of layers. For example, when the electronic device 100 plays video through the video APP, the video APP may display multiple layers, which may include a program window layer, a video layer, and a bullet screen layer. The electronic device 100 may synthesize multiple layers of the video APP and obtain display data.

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a layer composition according to an embodiment of the present application.

Referring to fig. 9, the flow of the electronic device 100 synthesizing the application rendered layers is specifically as follows:

when the APP needs to start drawing the display image, a memory is required to be applied through graphic allocation (Gralloc), and meanwhile, a Surface player is notified to create a Layer. The APP performs image drawing through OpenGL ES/Vulkan/Skia, after drawing is completed, the Surface Flinger is notified to perform synthesis (in practice, the drawing process submits data to the GPU, the acquisition fe is bound, the Surface Flinger starts synthesis after receiving a signal of the queue buffer, the Surface Flinger can really wait for data drawing to be completed, or the HWC can wait for the GPU to release the acquisition fe), after preprocessing of the data, the Surface Flinger calls the HWC to perform further processing of the data, and the HWC synthesizes according to data buffering of a layer transmitted by the Surface Flinger, and obtains display data (namely, a graph synthesized by the DPU shown in FIG. 9).

It should be noted that, there are two ways for the Surface Flinger execution layer to be laminated:

1. invoking the HWC to synthesize, wherein the HWC drives a special chip DPU to synthesize;

2. the synthesis is performed using a GPU using the conventional OpenGL interface.

The Surface Flinger is a synthesized process, the GPU is used as a computing chip to support the OpenGL interface to compute, and the Surface Flinger uses the GPU synthesis principle to be equivalent to using the GPU to conduct the accumulation mapping of the layers.

In one embodiment, during the process of combining the HWC into the graphics layer, the HWC may further perform post-processing on the synthesized graphics, where the post-processing may include color correction, special effect processing, and the like, and the special effect processing may include graphic black-and-white processing, graphic vivid processing, graphic soft processing, or eye-protection processing, and the like.

The chip (e.g., display processor DPU) for layer synthesis of the electronic device 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application has a write-back function, and based on the write-back function, the electronic device 100 may store the graphics synthesized by the DPU in a set memory space, where in an implementation manner, the set memory space may be a shared memory, and the shared memory may be a frame buffer in a graphics allocation memory as shown in fig. 9.

Step 802: the electronic device generates display data of the virtual screen based on the display data stored in the set memory space.

After the electronic device 100 writes back the display data synthesized by the hardware synthesizer to the set memory space through the display processor, the display data of the virtual screen may be generated based on the display data stored in the set memory space.

In one embodiment, the method for generating the display data of the virtual screen based on the display data stored in the set memory space may include: the electronic device 100 may adaptively process the display data stored in the set memory space to serve as display data of the virtual screen. As shown in fig. 9, the Surface Flinger may adaptively process the display data stored in the set memory space and obtain display data suitable for the virtual screen.

In one embodiment, the Surface Flinger may directly transmit the display data suitable for the virtual screen obtained through the adaptation process to the corresponding virtual screen. As shown in fig. 9, the current virtual screen of the electronic device includes a first virtual display screen and a second virtual display screen, and the Surface Flinger may transmit display data applicable to the virtual screen obtained through adaptive processing to the first virtual display screen and the second virtual display screen, respectively, so that the first virtual display screen and the second virtual display screen refresh and display the display data applicable to the virtual screen based on corresponding Vsync signals (e.g., the third Vsync signal).

In another embodiment, the Surface Flinger may further store the display data suitable for the virtual screen obtained through the adaptive processing in a buffer area corresponding to the virtual screen in the graphic allocation memory, so as to allocate the display data suitable for the virtual screen cached in the corresponding buffer area to the corresponding virtual screen for display. As shown in fig. 9, the current virtual screen of the electronic device includes a first virtual display screen and a second virtual display screen, and the Surface Flinger may store the display data suitable for the virtual screen obtained through adaptive processing in a buffer area corresponding to the first virtual display screen and a buffer area corresponding to the second virtual display screen in the graphic allocation memory, so as to allocate the display data suitable for the first virtual display screen and cached in the buffer area corresponding to the first virtual display screen for display, and allocate the display data suitable for the second virtual display screen and cached in the buffer area corresponding to the second virtual display screen for display. Wherein the first virtual display screen and the second virtual display screen refresh display the display data applicable to the virtual screen based on the corresponding Vsync signal (e.g., the third Vsync signal described above).

By the layer composition method provided by the embodiments shown in fig. 8 and 9, the multiple composition of the original multiple screens can be reduced to only one composition. By the layer synthesis method, surface Flinger can perform adaptive processing based on display data originally used for a physical display screen and written back to a shared memory by a Display Processor (DPU), and display data suitable for a virtual screen are obtained. In the synthesis process, only one synthesis step is executed, so that the time required by synthesis is reduced, the situation that the Surface Flinger synthesis waits for the HWC synthesis to return for a long time is avoided, the probability of frame loss and blocking caused by the fact that the synthesis of all screens cannot be completed in the current VSYNC period is reduced, and the user experience is improved.

Most of common pictures are in formats such as png/jpeg/bmp, the pictures are in a compression format, the transmission speed can be effectively improved based on a certain compression algorithm, and the calculated amount of processing can be greatly improved when images are compressed in a large amount of data processing process.

In one embodiment, the image may be stored in a raw format, which is the original format of the image, in the display image processing. Where a segment of continuous memory can be used to store the RGBA channel (4 bytes of storage for one pixel and one byte for each R/G/B/a) data of an image in succession. Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a raw image data storage pattern according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 10, a raw data storage pattern of a 5x5 image is specifically shown for easy viewing. FIG. 10 shows each line of data in segments, where in reality 5x5 data is stored in a continuous memory of uint8[4x3x5x5], and the data transmission of raw also requires the transmission of stride and height to restore raw data to a valid image.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 9, the electronic device 100 includes a first application, a second application, and a third application, where a total of 5 layers need to be displayed, and the layer size is 1080×2400, the storage format is RGBA888, and the number of required access DDRs for reading and writing is: 1080×2400×2×5= 103680000Byte, three-time synthesis requires access to DDR approaching 300M data, and when the above scheme is adopted to access effectively lower DDR to 100m+1080×2400×2≡110M, the CPU scheduling GPU work of reducing two-time synthesis has great performance and power consumption improvement for the case of multi-screen use.

In one implementation, before performing the layer composition method provided by the embodiment shown in fig. 8, it may also be determined whether the layer composition method is suitable for the current multi-screen display scene.

Fig. 11 is a flowchart of a layer combining method according to another embodiment of the present application.

Referring to fig. 11, the layer synthesis method may include the steps of:

step 1101: the electronic device determines whether the display data synthesized by the DPU is suitable for the current multi-screen scene, if not, executes step 1102, and if so, executes step 1103.

In one embodiment, determining whether the display data after DPU synthesis is suitable for the current multi-screen scene mode may be: the first display data (first image frame) synthesized based on the DPU is processed to obtain second display data (second image frame) whether the display requirement of the virtual screen can be met. Illustratively, the layers involved in the image frames that the virtual screen needs to display are not identical to the layers involved in the first image frame synthesized by the DPU.

In one embodiment, the layer inconsistency between the layer involved in the image frame to be displayed by the virtual screen and the layer involved in the first image frame synthesized by the DPU may include a layer inconsistency in number, a layer inconsistency in content, and/or a layer inconsistency in position.

For example, the number of layers is inconsistent, which is shown as 3 layers involved in synthesizing the first image frame, whereas the number of layers involved in the image frame to be displayed by the virtual screen is 2, and therefore, the image frame required for the display effect of the virtual screen cannot be obtained based on the first image frame processing.

The content inconsistency of the image layers is represented by that at least one image layer exists in one or more image layers participated in when the first image frame is synthesized and the content of the corresponding image layer participated in the image frame which is needed to be displayed by the virtual screen is consistent. The three layers involved in synthesizing the first image frame are a program window layer, a video layer and a bullet screen layer respectively, however, the corresponding layers involved in the image frame to be displayed by the virtual screen are a program window layer, a video layer and a watermark layer respectively, wherein the bullet screen layer and the watermark layer are layers with different contents, so that the contents of the layers are inconsistent.

The inconsistent positions of the image layers are shown in an exemplary manner that three image layers participated in when the first image frame is synthesized are respectively a program window image layer, a video image layer and a bullet screen image layer, corresponding image layers participated in the image frame to be displayed by the virtual screen are respectively a program window image layer, a video image layer and a bullet screen image layer, and the image layers are identical in content, however, the positions of the bullet screen image layers in the first image frame are the top of the screen, and the positions of the bullet screen image layers in the image frame to be displayed by the virtual screen are the bottom of the screen, so that the inconsistent positions of the image layers are caused.

Accordingly, determining that the layer participated in the first image frame is consistent with the layer participated in the second image frame may be determining that the number of layers, the content of layers and the layer position are consistent.

With any of the above embodiments, if it is determined that the display data synthesized by the DPU cannot be applied to the current multi-screen scene, step 1102 is performed, and if it is determined that the display data synthesized by the DPU is applied to the current multi-screen scene, step 1103 is performed.

Step 1102: the electronic device ends the layer composition flow.

If it is determined in step 1101 that the display data after DPU synthesis cannot be applied to the current multi-screen scene, the electronic device 100 may end the layer synthesis process.

Step 1103: the electronic device creates a write-back queue through a Surface Flinger.

The electronic device creates a write-back queue through the Surface Flinger, which may create a frame buffer in the graphics allocation memory through the Surface Flinger, that is, a frame buffer in the graphics allocation memory as shown in fig. 9.

Step 1104: the electronic device writes back the display data synthesized by the hardware synthesizer to the write-back queue through the display processor.

The specific implementation of step 1104 may be the same as or similar to the corresponding operation in step 801 shown in fig. 8, and will not be described herein.

Step 1105: the electronic device determines whether the image frame to be displayed by the virtual screen requires post-processing of the data, if so, performs step 1106, and if not, performs step 1107.

Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of image frame post-processing according to an embodiment of the present application.

In one implementation, as shown in fig. 12, the post-processing provided by the embodiment of the present application may include performing a reduction process, a deformation process, an effect transformation process, or a clipping process on the first display data (the first image frame) synthesized by the DPU, that is, performing the post-processing using the first image frame as a base frame, and obtaining a corresponding effect frame. In one embodiment, a post-processing module may be created in the Surface Flinger process, and after the display data synthesized by the hardware synthesizer is written back to the write-back queue through the post-processing module, corresponding post-processing is performed on the corresponding display data in the write-back queue based on the display requirement of the virtual screen, and a corresponding effect frame is obtained.

As shown in fig. 12, the first effect frame can be obtained in a smaller proportion with respect to the first image frame after the first image frame is subjected to the reduction processing.

And stretching the first image frame to obtain a deformed second effect frame.

And obtaining a third effect frame with corresponding display effect after performing effect conversion processing on the first image frame.

In one embodiment, the effect transformation may include a black and white effect, a relief effect, and the like.

And clipping the first image frame to obtain a fourth effect frame.

Step 1106: and carrying out post-processing on the corresponding effect on the first image frame based on the display requirement of the virtual screen.

After post-processing the first image frame for a corresponding effect based on the display requirements of the virtual screen, step 1107 may continue to be performed.

Step 1107: and the electronic equipment stores the display data synthesized by the hardware synthesizer or the effect frame obtained by post-processing into a buffer area corresponding to the virtual screen.

Step 1108: and the electronic equipment encodes the display data or the effect frames cached in the buffer area corresponding to the virtual screen to obtain corresponding media stream data.

Step 1109: persistence or transmission.

Step 1110: and releasing the data cached in the buffer area corresponding to the virtual screen.

The method comprises the steps that whether each device supports chip readback is static capability or not in running, so that chip readback can be started only by judging the layer requirement of multiple screens in a scene of multiple screens, display image data are stored in a Buffer area queue, whether target output is matched with currently stored Frame Buffer or not is judged when Surface Flinger needs to process display data of the next screen, if not, the processed data need to be further processed in a queue, effect processing is simple, scaling deformation can be obtained only by performing a simple interpolation algorithm (current sampling interpolation is divided into adjacent interpolation and linear interpolation, linear interpolation defaulting at a mobile end is bilinear interpolation algorithm), cutting is needed to be performed in an image interval, and relevant effect transformation is needed to be performed by performing vec 4> = [ Rxa, gxb, bxc, axd ] operation in a fragment shader; when the data processing is completed, the data needs to be written into a Buffer area, further coding is waited, persistence (such as a screen recording scene) or transmission (such as a screen throwing scene) is waited, when the Frame Buffer data is released after the consumption is completed, the release of the Buffer is not direct release, and the state of the Buffer area is marked as a release state, and then the next write-back is waited.

Wherein persistence represents the Rom saved to disk of the electronic device 100, illustratively to the handset. Various storage modes can be adopted, and the original raw format data can be stored, or JPEG/PNG can be stored after encoding and compression.

The transmission means that the processed display data is stored in the shared memory and then transmitted to other computing devices through a short-distance or long-distance network. The display data cached in the shared memory is illustratively sent to the projection display device via the wireless network.

In one embodiment, after data processing is performed on a module in the Surface Flinger process, the data is transmitted to a Buffer Queue, which is the shared memory, so that multiple processes can share and use, and rapid reading and writing can be realized.

Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of an acquisition mode of a virtual screen media stream according to an embodiment of the present application.

Referring to fig. 13, when the content of the Virtual Display needs to be post-processed, a Buffer needs to be created for each Display (Virtual screen), and the post-processing module processes the current Frame Buffer and sends the processed Frame Buffer to the corresponding shared memory (i.e. after the post-processing module writes back the Display data synthesized by the hardware synthesizer to the write-back queue), it should be noted that the write-back queue may serve as a common producer of the Virtual screens (such as the first Virtual screen and the second Virtual screen).

Fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of an acquisition manner of a virtual screen media stream according to another embodiment of the present application.

Referring to fig. 14, when the Display data (i.e., the second image frame required by the Virtual screen) to be displayed by the Virtual Display (i.e., the Virtual screen) does not need to be preprocessed, the electronic device stores the Display data synthesized by the hardware synthesizer or the effect frame obtained by post-processing in the buffer area corresponding to the Virtual screen.

Referring to fig. 15, an embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device, including: a processor 1501 and a memory 1502, the memory 1502 being configured to store at least one instruction which, when loaded and executed by the processor 1501, implements the layer composition method provided by any of the embodiments of the present application.

The embodiment of the application also provides a computer readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which when executed by a processor implements the layer synthesis method provided by any of the embodiments of the application.

The embodiment of the application also provides a computer program product, which comprises a computer program or instructions, and is characterized in that the computer program or instructions realize the layer synthesis method provided by any embodiment of the application when being executed by a processor.

It will be clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, specific working procedures of the above-described systems, apparatuses and units may refer to corresponding procedures in the foregoing method embodiments, which are not repeated herein.

In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices, and methods may be implemented in other manners. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative, e.g., the division of the elements is merely a logical function division, and there may be additional divisions when actually implemented, e.g., multiple elements or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted or not performed. Alternatively, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed with each other may be an indirect coupling or communication connection via some interfaces, devices or units, which may be in electrical, mechanical or other form.

The units described as separate units may or may not be physically separate, and units shown as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

In addition, each functional unit in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated in one unit. The integrated units may be implemented in hardware or in hardware plus software functional units.

The integrated units implemented in the form of software functional units described above may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. The software functional unit is stored in a storage medium, and includes several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) or a Processor (Processor) to perform part of the steps of the methods according to the embodiments of the present application. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a random access Memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, or other various media capable of storing program codes.

The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the application is not intended to be limiting, but rather to enable any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement or the like to be made within the spirit and principles of the application.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present application, and not for limiting the same; although the application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the application.

Claims

1. The layer synthesis method is characterized by being applied to electronic equipment, wherein the electronic equipment comprises a graphic synthesizer, a hardware synthesizer, a graphic processor and a display processor, and the electronic equipment performs multi-screen display on a physical display screen and a virtual screen and comprises the following steps:

the display processor writes back the display data synthesized by the hardware synthesizer into a set memory space; and

and the graphic processor generates display data of the virtual screen based on the display data written back to the set memory space through a graphic synthesizer.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein before the display processor writes back the display data synthesized by the hardware synthesizer to the set memory space, further comprising:

And determining that the display data synthesized by the hardware synthesizer is suitable for the current multi-screen display scene.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the display data synthesized by the hardware synthesizer is a first image frame synthesized by the hardware synthesizer, and the image required for the virtual screen display effect is a second image frame;

the determining that the display data synthesized by the hardware synthesizer is suitable for the current multi-screen display scene comprises:

and determining that the image layers participated in the first image frame are consistent with the image layers participated in the second image frame.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein determining that the layer engaged in the first image frame is consistent with the layer engaged in the second image frame comprises:

and determining that the number of the layers participated in the first image frame is consistent with the number of the layers participated in the second image frame, the content of the layers and the positions of the layers.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the set memory space is shared memory in a graphics allocation memory.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the generating, by the graphics processor, display data for the virtual screen based on the display data written back to the set memory space via the graphics compositor comprises:

And when the graphic processor generates the display data of the virtual screen based on the display data written back to the set memory space through the graphic synthesizer, the display data of the virtual screen is stored in a raw format.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the display data synthesized by the hardware synthesizer is a first image frame synthesized by the hardware synthesizer, and the image required for the virtual screen display effect is a second image frame;

the graphics processor generating, by a graphics synthesizer, display data of a virtual screen based on the display data written back to the set memory space includes:

if the first image frame is determined to be subjected to post-processing to obtain the second image frame, carrying out post-processing on the first image frame based on the display effect requirement of the virtual screen;

wherein the post-processing includes a reduction processing, a deformation processing, an effect transformation processing, or a clipping processing.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein if it is determined that post-processing is required for the first image frame, the graphics compositor creates a buffer corresponding to the virtual screen in the graphics allocation memory, and after obtaining a second image frame through the post-processing, caches the second image frame in the buffer corresponding to the virtual screen.

9. An electronic device, the electronic device comprising: a processor and a memory for storing at least one instruction that, when loaded and executed by the processor, implements the layer composition method of any one of claims 1-8.

10. A computer readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, characterized in that the computer program, when being executed by a processor, implements the layer composition method according to any one of claims 1-8.