CN116696365A - Sectional full-circle lining equipment and method for long and large tunnels - Google Patents
Sectional full-circle lining equipment and method for long and large tunnels Download PDFInfo
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- CN116696365A CN116696365A CN202310756486.0A CN202310756486A CN116696365A CN 116696365 A CN116696365 A CN 116696365A CN 202310756486 A CN202310756486 A CN 202310756486A CN 116696365 A CN116696365 A CN 116696365A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001669679 Eleotris Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000003818 cinder Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 6
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
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- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/0607—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining the shield being provided with devices for lining the tunnel, e.g. shuttering
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
- E21D11/105—Transport or application of concrete specially adapted for the lining of tunnels or galleries ; Backfilling the space between main building element and the surrounding rock, e.g. with concrete
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/08—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield
- E21D9/087—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield with a rotary drilling-head cutting simultaneously the whole cross-section, i.e. full-face machines
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The application discloses a sectional full-circle lining device and method for a long and large tunnel. The method aims at solving the technical problems that in the prior art, equipment and working procedures interfere between TBM tunneling and tunnel full-circle lining, so that the TBM tunneling and the tunnel full-circle lining cannot be constructed simultaneously, and the construction period is overlong and the construction cost is high. The inverted arch lining and the side top arch lining are connected in a front-back mode to pour step by step, and the slag removal rack, the steel bar rack, the side top arch lining trolley and the concrete repairing rack are all provided with a portal for transporting rails to pass through, and through reasonable splitting of each pair of full circle lining working procedures, the working procedures are mutually independent and matched, interference between the working procedures and between full circle lining and TBM tunneling is reduced, tunnel full circle lining support is timely carried out, and construction safety in a tunnel is guaranteed.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of TBM construction, in particular to a sectional full-circle lining device and method for a long and large tunnel.
Background
The full-face hard rock tunneling machine, TBM for short, is large tunnel tunneling equipment integrating mechanical, electronic, hydraulic, laser control and other technologies, can simultaneously perform parallel continuous operation of tunneling, supporting, deslagging and other construction procedures, has the advantages of high tunneling speed, environment friendliness, high comprehensive benefit and the like, and can realize the construction of a deep buried long tunnel with complicated geographic and geomorphology, which is difficult to realize by the traditional drilling and blasting method.
Before tunneling, the TBM is supported towards the wall of the hole by the lateral supporting shoes at the rear part of the cutterhead and is firmly fixed on the rock face of the wall of the hole, and the TBM is used for transmitting the propelling reaction force to the wall of the hole. After the supporting shoe is positioned, the thrust oil cylinder is pushed and the cutterhead is rotated to start tunneling. During tunneling, each hob on the cutterhead generates propelling force to enable surrounding rock of the face to break, fragments are formed, and the fragments are transported out of a hole by a continuous belt transport system.
In the TBM construction process, the tunnel needs to be supported in different degrees and types, such as advanced support in weak broken rock mass, karst sections, fault broken zones and large-area water spraying or water gushing sections with shorter self-stabilization time; the anchor rod after excavation is constructed, the section steel arch is constructed, and measures such as reinforcing steel bar meshes, or/and shotcrete support are added if necessary, so that safety accidents such as collapse are prevented from happening, and the construction safety is ensured.
In addition, the TBM construction of the long and large tunnel often faces the problems of long construction period, multiple bad geological types, active groundwater environment, large deformation of movable fault soft rock and the like, and particularly the large deformation of the movable fault soft rock is extremely easy to cause the supporting deformation of the TBM steel arch frame, so that the tunnel has extremely large door closing risk.
The inventor knows a full-circle tunnel lining system (CN 104763443A), it includes traction system, internal mould frame, hydraulic system, top mould, die block, side mould, adopts the integrated into one piece device, realize the whole construction of full-circle tunnel inner wall, but the inventor in realizing the course of the technical scheme in the embodiment of the application, find that the above-mentioned technique has at least the following technical problem:
the ventilation air duct, the continuous belt, the material transportation and the full-circle lining system and the construction procedure which are required by the TBM construction of the long and large tunnel interfere, only the tunneling or the full-circle lining of the tunnel can be independently carried out within the same time period, and the two cannot be synchronously constructed, so that the construction period is too long and the construction cost is increased.
The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the background of the disclosure and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art that is well known to a person skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of at least one of the above technical problems, the present disclosure provides a long and large tunnel sectional full-circle lining apparatus and method. The method aims at solving the technical problems that in the prior art, equipment and working procedures interfere between TBM tunneling and tunnel full-circle lining, so that the TBM tunneling and the tunnel full-circle lining cannot be constructed simultaneously, and the construction period is overlong and the construction cost is high.
According to one aspect of the disclosure, a sectional full-circle lining device for a long and large tunnel is provided, which comprises a slag removal rack, an inverted arch lining rack, a reinforcing bar rack, a side arch lining rack and a concrete repairing rack, wherein the slag removal rack, the inverted arch lining rack, the reinforcing bar rack, the side arch lining rack and the concrete repairing rack are sequentially arranged in the tunnel to be lined from a TBM (tunnel boring machine) to a hole; the slag removing rack, the steel bar rack, the side arch lining trolley and the concrete repairing rack respectively comprise a central portal for the transportation track to pass through and be paved; the transportation rail comprises a double-rail which is correspondingly arranged in the slag removal rack and/or the side top arch lining trolley in a penetrating mode, a four-rail which is arranged at the beam body of the inverted arch lining trolley, and a symmetrical turnout which is correspondingly connected with the double-rail and the four-rail and is arranged at the front end of the inverted arch lining trolley, the front end of the steel bar rack and the corresponding position of the rear end of the concrete repairing rack.
In some embodiments of the disclosure, the slag removal bench includes diagonal slag conveying belts disposed alternately along corresponding adjacent sides of the bench for lifting the bottom slag of the tunnel to the continuous belt of the upper portion of the tunnel.
In some embodiments of the disclosure, an electric hoist for lifting the oblique slag conveying belt is arranged on the side surface of the slag removal bench corresponding to the side surface of the bench penetrated by the conveying rail.
In some embodiments of the disclosure, the inverted arch lining trolley comprises a main beam trestle, slope rails arranged at the front end and the rear end of the main beam trestle, lifting support legs correspondingly arranged at two sides of the main beam, stepping support legs capable of moving along the main beam, stepping oil cylinders correspondingly connected between the main beam and the stepping support legs, and a groove-shaped stepping trolley capable of sliding along the main beam and provided with telescopic side supports correspondingly arranged at two sides.
In some embodiments of the disclosure, the reinforcement cage, the side roof arch lining cage and the concrete repair cage each include a wind tunnel arrangement hole for penetrating a wind tunnel; the reinforcing steel bar rack and the concrete repairing rack also respectively comprise a plurality of construction platforms symmetrically arranged at two sides of the rack body, and cable hooks are arranged below the construction platforms of which the two racks correspond to the heights of the tunnel cables.
In some embodiments of the disclosure, a cable rack for placing tunnel cables is arranged on one side of the side roof arch lining trolley; and an anti-floating support screw rod is correspondingly arranged between the lining template and the frame body of the side arch lining trolley.
According to another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a long and large tunnel sectional full-circle lining method based on the above lining apparatus, which includes the steps of:
(1) Tunnel bottom slag removal, starting an oblique conveying belt on the side surface of a slag removal bench step by step from bottom to top, and pouring tunnel bottom residues to the oblique conveying belt after TBM tunneling by using a manpower or excavator;
(2) The method comprises the steps of inverted arch lining, correspondingly paving four-rail tracks on a main beam of an inverted arch lining trolley, correspondingly connecting the tracks with a double-rail track at the front end of the inverted arch lining trolley through symmetrical turnouts, and carrying out dredging operation, reinforcement binding operation and inverted arch pouring lining operation on the bottom of a tunnel through the inverted arch lining trolley, wherein the reinforcement binding operation corresponds to reserved reinforcements at two sides of an inverted arch to be constructed respectively;
(3) Correspondingly paving side rails matched with the walking assembly of the reinforcing steel bar rack, the side arch lining trolley and the concrete repairing rack on the constructed inverted arch;
(4) The steel bar rack walks on the side rail, a constructor dismantles the wind tunnel, the cable and the continuous belt at the tunnel wall, binds the side arch steel bars on the working platforms at the two sides of the steel bar rack, and is lapped with the reserved steel bars at the two sides of the inverted arch to form a ring;
(5) The side arch lining trolley walks behind the steel bar rack, and the wind cylinders, cables and continuous belts disassembled by the steel bar rack are respectively correspondingly penetrated through the wind cylinder layout holes of the side arch lining trolley, the cable roller support at the corresponding height on one side of the side arch lining trolley and the continuous belt rack on the other side of the side arch lining trolley;
(6) After driving the side top arch lining trolley to walk to a lining waiting position, adjusting oil cylinders arranged on two sides above the central portal frame and used for lining to drive the side top arch templates to extend out, positioning the side top arch templates, adjusting the side top arch templates until the central axis of the side top arch templates coincides with the central axis of a tunnel, and correspondingly arranging water stops at the edge positions of the templates;
(7) Pumping concrete to each window of the side arch lining template through a concrete delivery pump, and inserting vibrating bars into each window of the side arch lining template by constructors at construction platforms at two sides of the side arch lining trolley for vibrating;
(8) After the concrete reaches the design strength, recovering an adjusting oil cylinder and an anti-floating support screw rod of the side roof arch lining rack, and removing the form of the side roof arch lining template;
(9) Repairing the lining defect after the side arch lining by adopting a concrete repairing rack walking behind the side arch lining trolley; and the constructors reinstallate the wind tube, the cable and the continuous belt on the construction platforms at the two sides of the concrete repairing rack.
In some embodiments of the disclosure, in the step (1), when the TBM railcar passes through the slag removal rack, an electric hoist above a central portal thereof is correspondingly started, an oblique transport belt which correspondingly interferes with the TBM railcar is lifted, and after the TBM railcar passes, the corresponding oblique transport belt is lowered to the original position.
In some embodiments of the disclosure, in the step (2), when the inverted arch lining trolley moves, the telescopic support legs on two sides of the trolley are correspondingly recovered, sleepers are arranged below the stepping support legs and the stepping trolley on two sides of the trolley, a stepping support leg stepping motor is started to drive the inverted arch lining trolley to move forward, the telescopic support legs correspondingly extend after the inverted arch lining trolley moves in place, and the sleepers are removed after the stepping support legs and the stepping trolley are separated from the corresponding sleepers.
In some embodiments of the disclosure, in the step (6), after the side roof arch form is positioned, an anti-floating support screw rod is provided between the side roof arch lining trolley frame and the side roof arch form for auxiliary positioning.
One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application at least have any one of the following technical effects or advantages:
1. the inverted arch lining and the side top arch lining are connected in a front-back mode to be poured step by step, and the middle parts of the slag removal rack, the steel bar rack, the side top arch lining trolley and the concrete repairing rack are respectively provided with a portal for transporting the track to pass through, and through reasonable splitting of each pair of full circle lining working procedures, the working procedures are mutually independent and matched, so that interference between the working procedures and between full circle lining and TBM tunneling is reduced, tunnel full circle lining support is guaranteed in time, and construction safety in a tunnel is guaranteed.
2. Reinforcing bar rack, limit arch lining platform truck and concrete repair rack respectively carry out reinforcing bar ligature and tunnel wall department appurtenance dismantlement, limit arch lining, repair after the lining and tunnel wall appurtenance's reinstallation, avoid interference to full circle lining such as dryer, continuous belt and cable from this, and then help promoting efficiency of construction.
3. The transportation rail lines comprising the double-rail, the four-rail and the symmetrical turnout are arranged, so that each rack/trolley still allows the TBM transportation trolley to pass during working, synchronous construction between TBM tunneling and tunnel full-circle lining is ensured, and timely lining after tunnel excavation is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a track change in accordance with one embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of an inverted arch lining trolley according to an embodiment of the present application.
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a side crown in accordance with an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a reinforcement bar rack according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a side roof arch lining trolley according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a concrete repair bench according to an embodiment of the application.
In the above figures, 11 is a four-rail track, 12 is a symmetrical turnout, 13 is a double-rail track, 21 is a main beam trestle, 22 is a slope rail, 23 is a telescopic supporting leg, 24 is a stepping supporting leg, 25 is a stepping cylinder, 26 is a stepping trolley, 30 is an air duct, 31 is a reinforcing bar rack, 32 is a side roof arch lining rack, 33 is a concrete repairing rack, 41 is a side roof arch lining rack working platform, 42 is a cable rack, 43 is a belt rack, 44 is a lining template, 45 is a template cylinder, 46 is an anti-floating supporting screw, and 51 is a concrete repairing rack cross beam.
Detailed Description
In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "vertical", "horizontal", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application. The terms "connected," "coupled," and "connected," as used herein, unless specifically indicated otherwise, are intended to encompass both direct and indirect connections (couplings).
In order to better understand the technical scheme of the present application, the following detailed description will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The embodiment discloses full circular lining equipment of long and large tunnel sectional type for wait lining tunnel after TBM tunnelling, lay in proper order from TBM tail to tunnel entrance and mutually support scarfing cinder rack, invert lining platform truck, reinforcing bar rack, limit roof arch lining platform truck, concrete repair rack and corresponding transportation orbit.
The TBM can remain a certain amount of sediment stone in the bottom of tunnel after tunneling, and when the rubble after TBM excavation is outside the tunnel through TBM continuous belt conveyor system transportation, because reasons such as equipment vibration or sediment stone accumulation are inhomogeneous, can lead to continuous belt conveyor's belt off tracking, and then cause partial sediment stone to drop from continuous belt conveyor, the sediment stone of remaining in tunnel bottom can produce adverse effect to the execution of follow-up invert, consequently need clear up the residue of tunnel bottom before the invert is executed. Therefore, the slag removal rack is arranged in the embodiment to complete the cleaning operation of the residue at the bottom of the tunnel. In order to facilitate convenient transportation of the cleaned residues out of the cavity, the slag removal rack is provided with a certain height so as to facilitate lifting operation of the residues by means of the height of the slag removal rack, and in the example, the height of the slag removal rack is matched with the layout height of the TBM continuous belt conveyor so that the slag can be transported out of the cavity by means of the continuous belt conveyor. In order to realize the lifting operation of residues, each oblique slag conveying belt for lifting the bottom of the slag Dan Congtai frame to a belt conveyor at one side of the top of the frame is arranged between adjacent side surfaces of the slag removal frame, and each oblique slag conveying belt is staggered; on the other hand, the flexibility of the slag removal rack can be improved, slag removal operation can be carried out by moving to different positions, and improvement of operation efficiency is facilitated.
Wherein, because when TBM is tunneled, there is the transportation operation of track transport vechicle reciprocating motion between TBM machine and the outer work area of tunnel, carry out material etc. in order to avoid the interference between scarfing cinder rack and track transport workshop, in this example, this scarfing cinder rack includes the portal structure, the center of this rack is equipped with the center portal, be convenient for track transport vechicle can walk in this center portal department from this, and consider the width of center portal limited, and the transportation track generally divides to establish uplink and downlink, consequently in this embodiment, set up symmetrical switch and carry out the conversion connection between the different strand tracks. Specifically, referring to fig. 1, in this embodiment, the track carrier adopts four-rail tracks 11, and an uplink and a downlink are separately provided, and when passing through the slag removal bench, the requirement of laying four-rail tracks in the range of the central portal of the slag removal bench cannot be satisfied due to the limited width of the central portal of the slag removal bench, and therefore, a symmetrical turnout 12 is provided to change the track carrier line, one end of the symmetrical turnout 12 is a double-rail, the other end is a single-rail, and a trigger is provided, and the connection relationship between any one of the single-rail and the double-rail is adjusted by the trigger, so that the conversion from the double-rail to the single-rail is realized, and the slag removal bench is traversed through the double-rail track 13 penetrating through the central portal of the slag removal bench, so that the interference relationship between the bench and the track carrier is solved, and the slag removal operation is realized while the track carrier operation is realized.
Wherein, because the tertiary slant fortune sediment belt of scarfing cinder rack department divides establishes the side department adjacent with the rack, wherein be in the one-level slant fortune sediment belt of the lowest department and can interfere with the door opening of center portal between, hinder the traffic of track transport vechicle, and for this reason, in this embodiment, set up electric block at the top of scarfing cinder rack, be connected between the lifting hook and the one-level slant fortune sediment belt of this electric block, when there is the transport rail car to pass through, start this electric block, lift by crane one-level transport belt, avoid the interference that causes the transport vechicle.
In other embodiments, in order to avoid additionally paving a slag removal rack running track, four-rail rails are paved in front of and behind the slag removal rack, and four-rail three-line transportation is adopted, wherein the slag removal rack runs on two rails on the outermost sides of the four-rail three-line rails, and the other two rails serve as a rail transportation vehicle running track and can directly run on a central portal of the slag removal rack.
After the cleaning of tunnel bottom residue is carried out through the scarfing cinder rack, alright carry out the full circle lining of tunnel, can lead to the track transport vechicle can't carry out transportation such as tunneling material, install unable normal work such as cable, continuous belt feeder for TBM tunneling in tunnel wall department when lining up because of the full circle, and then lead to the suspension of TBM tunneling, cause the influence to construction period. Therefore, in the embodiment, the steps of reasonably splitting the full circle lining are inverted arch construction and side top arch construction, and steel bars are overlapped and sealed into a ring between the inverted arch construction and the side top arch construction, so that the TBM tunneling operation can be performed while the full circle lining of the tunnel is performed.
After the slag removal operation, the inverted arch is firstly operated, wherein the inverted arch is positioned at the bottom of the tunnel and interferes with the rail transportation line, so that in order to ensure the inverted arch operation, the rail transportation vehicle can normally carry out transportation operations such as TBM tunneling materials and the like, and in the embodiment, the inverted arch lining trolley is adopted to pour the inverted arch. Referring specifically to fig. 2, the inverted arch lining trolley comprises a main beam trestle 21, a slope rail 22, lifting and shrinking support legs 23, stepping support legs 24, stepping oil cylinders 25 and a groove-shaped stepping trolley 26 provided with telescopic side supports. The main girder trestle 21 is the main body structure of this inverted arch lining trolley, and its both sides are equipped with a plurality of flexible landing legs 23, make inverted arch lining trolley be higher than the tunnel bottom certain height through flexible landing leg 23 to form the working space of inverted arch lining under the girder trestle. Wherein, in order to avoid the inverted arch lining platform truck to interfere with the rail transportation workshop, be equipped with slope rail 22 respectively at the front and back both ends of girder landing stage 21, be equipped with four rail tracks on girder landing stage 21, this slope rail is double track rail, and the preceding track transformation mode of front and back end at girder landing stage 21 adopts four rail track connection on symmetrical switch and the girder landing stage, satisfies the demand of walking of rail transportation car from this.
Considering that the inverted arch lining trolley needs to continuously go forward, the lining operation of the next section of inverted arch is performed, in this example, step support legs 24 are respectively arranged on two sides of the front section and the rear section of the inverted arch lining trolley, the step support legs are provided with rail wheels clamped at two ends of a side beam wall of the main beam, so that the step support legs 24 can walk along the main beam of the trolley, and in addition, step oil cylinders 25 are further arranged between the main beam and the step support legs 24, so that when the inverted arch lining trolley needs to walk, the support of the inverted arch lining trolley is converted to the step support legs 24 by the telescopic support legs 23, and then the main beam is driven to slide forward between the rail wheels of the step support legs 24 through the telescopic support legs 25, so that the movement of the inverted arch lining trolley is realized. In addition, in this embodiment, in order to facilitate the forward movement stabilization of the middle part of the inverted arch lining trolley, a step trolley 26 is provided in the middle part of the inverted arch lining trolley, the step trolley is of a groove type structure, the inverted arch lining trolley main beam is placed in the groove and can slide along the groove, and telescopic side supports are provided on two sides of the groove wall, so that the stability of trolley movement is ensured by the side supports when the trolley moves forward.
In the present embodiment, referring to fig. 3, the side roof arch lining operation is performed by providing the reinforcing bar gantry 31, the side roof arch lining trolley 32, and the concrete repair gantry 33, which are sequentially arranged from front to back, respectively.
The reinforcement rack is mainly used in the ligature of limit roof arch reinforcing bar and the dismantlement of the affiliated setting in tunnel cave wall department, its specific structure is referring to fig. 4, this reinforcement rack 31 bottom is equipped with the walking assembly, and including the centre portal structure, be used for avoid reinforcement rack and track transport shop to produce and interfere, and then lay the orbit in centre portal scope, satisfy the traffic demand of track transport vechicle, similarly, because the centre portal width of reinforcement rack is limited, can't lay four-rail track, refer to fig. 1, convert four-rail track into two-rail track through symmetrical switch, so that walk in the centre portal of reinforcement rack, in other embodiments, the reinforcement portal walks in two tracks in four-rail track's the outside, other two tracks walk in the centre portal of reinforcement rack, be used for track transport vechicle transportation. In addition, in order to be convenient for the reinforcement, this reinforcement rack includes three-layer work platform, see fig. 4, and constructor carries out limit roof arch reinforcement ligature operation in the work platform department of co-altitude, and continuous belt feeder and cable are followed the dismantlement of tunnel wall department, wherein, is equipped with the cable couple in the one side of the corresponding tunnel wall department cable of reinforcement rack work platform for the cable is laid temporarily after dismantling from tunnel wall department. For the dismantlement of the tunnel top dryer of being convenient for is placed, and considers that the dryer has certain flexibility, is equipped with the dryer in this example above the center portal of reinforcing bar rack and lays the hole, the size structure and the dryer assorted of this hole for support the dryer after dismantling temporarily.
After the steel bar bench is used for disassembling auxiliary facilities at the tunnel wall and binding corresponding steel bars, lining operation of the side roof arch part of the tunnel can be performed, in the embodiment, referring to fig. 3, lining operation of the side roof arch part is performed by using a side roof arch lining trolley walking behind the steel bar bench, specifically referring to fig. 5, the side roof arch lining trolley is provided with two layers of operation platforms 41 for placing grouting equipment and providing support for constructors, and the side roof arch lining trolley also comprises a central portal structure for penetrating through a double-rail track so as to avoid influence on TBM tunneling during side roof arch lining; in addition, an air duct layout hole is arranged above the central portal frame of the air duct, and is used for temporarily supporting the air duct detached by the steel bar bench, so that interference of the air duct to lining operation is avoided; the cable rack 42 and the belt rack 43 are respectively arranged on two sides of the side arch lining trolley and are respectively used for temporarily supporting the disassembled cable and the continuous belt conveyor, so that the influence of tunnel auxiliary facilities on tunnel lining can be completely avoided, and the cable, the continuous belt conveyor and the normal work of the air duct can not be interrupted when the side arch lining trolley moves forward along with the working progress due to the corresponding supports on two sides of the trolley. In addition, the side roof arch lining trolley further comprises a lining template 44, wherein the lining template 44 is used for side roof arch pouring, a plurality of template oil cylinders 45 are connected between the lining template 44 and the trolley frame, and the lining template is ensured to move in place through the expansion and contraction of the template oil cylinders 45. In this embodiment, after the concrete slurry is poured into the formwork, the concrete slurry has a certain gravity and pressure, so that the formwork is displaced and floats, and for this purpose, a plurality of anti-floating support screws 46 are further arranged between the lining formwork 44 and the trolley beam column, and the floating of the lining formwork 44 caused by the pressure of the concrete slurry is avoided through the self-locking effect of the screws.
After the side arch lining pouring is carried out on the side arch lining trolley, the hanging of auxiliary facilities in the tunnel on the tunnel wall needs to be restored, and lining quality needs to be checked so as to ensure the safety and reliability of construction. For this reason, referring to fig. 3, in this embodiment, a concrete repair bench 33 is operated behind the side roof arch lining trolley 32, and specifically referring to fig. 6, the bench also includes a central portal for double-track passing, and a wind tunnel arrangement hole is provided above the central portal, and since the concrete repair bench needs to implement re-hanging of the wind tunnel at the top of the tunnel, in order to facilitate operation, from the front end to the rear end of the concrete repair bench, the wind tunnel arrangement hole is in a lifting state by the cross beams 51 arranged at different heights, so that the wind tunnel 30 gradually approaches the top of the tunnel under the action of each cross beam 51 which is lifted in turn, thereby reducing the workload of constructors, reducing the difficulty of wind tunnel hanging, avoiding the approach of lifting equipment and the like, and interfering with the synchronous tunneling of the TBM. In addition, the two sides of the concrete repairing rack are symmetrically provided with the construction platforms at different heights, and the construction platforms are respectively used for re-hanging cables and belt conveyors at the tunnel wall and checking and repairing the lined side roof arch, so that the defects of honeycomb pitting surface, holes and the like are avoided.
The embodiment also discloses a sectional full-circle lining method for the long and large tunnels, which is implemented by using the lining equipment and specifically comprises the following steps of:
(1) And (3) removing slag at the tunnel bottom, starting an inclined conveying belt on the side surface of the slag removal bench step by step from bottom to top, and pouring the residue at the tunnel bottom to the inclined conveying belt after TBM tunneling by using a manpower or excavator.
Because there is a certain amount of residue in the tunnel bottom after TBM tunneling, and hang the continuous belt feeder of locating tunnel wall department and can lead to a certain amount of sediment stone to drop to the tunnel bottom because vibration or sediment stone pile problem when transporting, and tunnel bottom residue can influence the operation of invert, consequently, carry out tunnel bottom scarfing cinder operation at first before the invert is operated.
The slag removing rack enters the field operation after the TBM is tunneled into a hole, and after the slag removing rack moves to an area to be subjected to slag removing operation along the rail, the slag removing rack is stopped and a car arrester is arranged to prevent the slag removing rack from moving during operation. Then each slant slag conveying belt of the adjacent side of the slag removal rack is started step by step from the bottom to the top of the rack so as to ensure reliable connection between the belts at all levels, avoid the phenomenon that slag stones are accumulated on one level of belt, and further avoid the falling of the slag stones caused by accumulation. And confirming that the end of the belt at the highest position is positioned right above the TBM continuous belt conveyor so that the tunnel bottom slag stone can be transported to a waste slag field outside the tunnel by the TBM continuous belt conveyor.
Because the central portal of the slag removal rack is penetrated with a corresponding track, and the oblique slag conveying belt on the side surface of the rack interferes with the passing of vehicles on the track, when the rail transport vehicle needs to pass through the slag removal rack, the electric hoist on the top of the slag removal rack is started, so as to drive the corresponding oblique slag conveying belt to vertically lift, and when the oblique slag conveying belt is not interfered with the rail transport vehicle, the operation of the electric hoist is stopped; after the rail transport vehicle passes through the slag removal rack, the oblique slag conveying belt below the electric hoist is started again to the original position, and slag stones are continuously shoveled onto the oblique slag conveying belt at the lowest position by manpower or mechanical equipment to carry out slag removal operation.
(2) The inverted arch lining is characterized in that four-rail three-wire rails are correspondingly paved on a main beam of the inverted arch lining trolley, the rails are correspondingly connected with double rails at the front end of the inverted arch lining trolley through symmetrical turnouts, dredging operation, reinforcing steel bar binding operation and inverted arch pouring lining operation are carried out on the bottom of a tunnel through the inverted arch lining trolley, and reserved reinforcing steel bars are respectively corresponding to two sides of the inverted arch to be constructed in the reinforcing steel bar binding operation.
After the tunnel bottom is clear for a certain length, the inverted arch lining trolley can be installed in the back of the slag removal rack, after the inverted arch lining trolley enters, four-rail three-wire system rails are paved above the main beam of the inverted arch lining trolley, and the four-rail three-wire system rails are correspondingly connected with the double rails of the slope rail part of the trolley through symmetrical turnouts, so that the smoothness of the transportation rail is ensured, the transportation rail trolley can run on the main beam of the inverted arch lining trolley, and the construction of the inverted arch below the transportation rail trolley is not interfered. In addition, the lower part of the main beam of the inverted arch lining trolley is divided into a plurality of sections of working areas, and dredging operation, reinforcing steel bar binding operation and inverted arch pouring lining operation are respectively carried out.
Wherein, because the scarfing cinder effect of scarfing cinder rack can only be realized the clearance operation to the sediment stone of relative large-scale, then can remain in tunnel bottom to tiny sediment stone or mud, need clear up it before carrying out the inverted arch lining to avoid influencing the quality of inverted arch. Therefore, the dredging operation is firstly carried out before the inverted arch is constructed, in the example, the dredging operation is carried out by adopting clear water for flushing, and the dredging operation is pumped out by using a slurry pump after the dredging operation is completed so as to ensure the relative cleanness of the tunnel bottom rock wall. To facilitate the subsequent pouring of the inverted arch.
In the example, three sections of steel bar binding work stations are arranged, each section is 12 meters, and four carbon dioxide protection welding machines and four impact drills are arranged in total. Firstly, measuring and lofting, drilling holes according to lofted point positions, placing positioning ribs in the holes, welding lower-layer longitudinal ribs and circumferential ribs at the positions of the positioning ribs, binding upper-layer ribs in the same mode after binding of the lower-layer ribs is completed, and finally binding rail bearing table reinforcing bars, wherein two side reinforcing bars are reserved on two sides of an inverted arch to be poured respectively during reinforcing bar binding, so that the side-roof arch reinforcing bars are lapped and bound into rings.
After the inverted arch reinforcement is bound, inverted arch pouring operation is performed, inverted arch pouring is performed by adopting an inverted arch template system comprising a central ditch template, a longitudinal beam, inverted arch arc templates, front and rear end supports, lifting and traversing adjusting mechanisms and the like, the positions of the templates are adjusted to designed positions by utilizing the lifting and traversing adjusting mechanisms, then two ends of the templates are propped against by adopting inflatable cushions, positioning and plugging are completed, concrete slurry is poured into the templates through corresponding operation windows on the templates, and vibrating bars are inserted to be vibrated until slurry is compact. After the concrete reaches the design strength, demoulding is carried out, firstly, air in the inflatable cushions at the two ends of the template is discharged, then the inflatable cushions are detached, and the lifting and traversing adjusting mechanism is driven to lift the template, so that demoulding is completed.
After the inverted arch lining of the current section is completed, the inverted arch lining trolley needs to move forward to perform inverted arch lining of the next section. Specifically, when the inverted arch moves forward, sleepers with corresponding heights are placed below each stepping support leg and each stepping trolley, the telescopic support legs on the two sides of the main beam of the trolley are adjusted to be recovered, so that the stepping support legs and the stepping trolleys are in contact with the sleepers, and the stepping support legs are stressed; meanwhile, the side supports at two sides of the stepping trolley are extended, then the stepping oil cylinders connected between the stepping support legs and the main beams are driven, so that the main beams move forwards relative to the stepping support legs and the stepping trolley, after a designed distance is moved, the side supports of the stepping trolley are recovered, the stepping oil cylinders are recovered, the telescopic support legs are extended, the stepping oil cylinders are separated from the sleepers, and the trolley is supported by the telescopic support legs in a stressed manner, so that the inverted arch lining trolley can move forwards and backwards. In other embodiments, no sleeper support is placed under the step carriage during the forward movement of the carriage.
(3) And correspondingly paving side rails matched with the walking assembly of the reinforcing steel bar rack, the side arch lining trolley and the concrete repairing rack on the constructed inverted arch.
After the inverted arch is constructed, the track is laid on the inverted arch in consideration of the approach and forward movement of the subsequent side-roof lining equipment, in this embodiment, a four-rail three-wire track is laid at the inverted arch, the track is connected with the slope rail at the rear end of the inverted arch lining trolley through a symmetrical turnout, and the side-roof lining equipment walks on the two outermost tracks of the four-rail three-wire track, and the transportation vehicle walks through the central portal of the side-roof lining equipment by arranging the symmetrical turnout at the corresponding position.
(4) The steel bar rack walks on the side rail, and the constructor dismantles dryer, cable and the continuous belt of tunnel wall department, and in carry out the ligature of limit roof arch reinforcing bar on the both sides work platform of steel bar rack, and with the inverted arch both sides reserve the overlap joint of reinforcing bar and become the ring.
After the inverted arch and the corresponding trajectories are paved, firstly, entering of the steel bar rack is carried out, constructors carry out binding operation of the side top arch steel bars on construction platforms at different heights of the steel bar rack, and the side top arch steel bars are connected with reserved bars at two sides of the inverted arch into a whole, so that the structural stability of the side top arch is ensured. In addition, the constructor can detach the cable, the air duct and the continuous belt at the construction platform with corresponding height, and correspondingly hang the cable at the cable hook below the construction platform, and pass the air duct through the air duct layout hole in the center of the bench.
(5) The side arch lining trolley walks behind the steel bar rack, the wind barrel, the cable and the continuous belt which are disassembled by the steel bar rack are respectively correspondingly penetrated through the wind barrel layout holes of the side arch lining trolley, the cable roller support of one side of the side arch lining trolley at the corresponding height and the continuous belt rack of the other side of the side arch lining trolley.
The auxiliary arrangement of the tunnel by the steel bar rack comprises that after the wind cylinder, the cable and the continuous belt are disassembled, the side-arch lining trolley enters the field to perform side-arch lining operation. Because the detached auxiliary facilities cannot be reliably and temporarily supported only by the reinforcing steel bar rack, cables are placed at the cable rack carrier roller on one side of the side arch lining trolley, continuous belts are correspondingly arranged on the continuous belt rack on the other side of the side arch lining trolley, and air cylinders are placed in air cylinder arrangement holes on the top of the trolley, so that a reliable and temporary supporting effect is realized.
(6) And after the driving side top arch lining trolley walks to the lining waiting position, driving the side top arch templates to extend out by adjusting oil cylinders arranged on two sides above the adjusting center portal frame, positioning the side top arch templates, adjusting the side top arch templates until the central axis of the side top arch templates coincides with the central axis of the tunnel, and correspondingly arranging water stops at the edge positions of the templates.
After the side arch lining trolley moves to the position to be lined, driving a template cylinder to adjust the position of a lining template, and adding a plug water stop at the edge position of the template in the adjustment process. In order to ensure the stable position of the lining template, the anti-floating support screw rod is used for fixing the lining template when the template cylinder is tightly supported, and the loosening of the template caused by decompression of the template cylinder is prevented by means of self-locking of the screw rod. In addition, the central axis of the control template is aligned with the central axis of the tunnel according to the position relation between the side arch lining trolley and the central axis of the tunnel.
(7) And pumping concrete to each window of the side arch lining template through a concrete delivery pump, and inserting vibrating bars into each window of the side arch lining template by constructors at construction platforms at two sides of the side arch lining trolley.
(8) And after the concrete reaches the design strength, recovering the adjusting oil cylinder and the anti-floating support screw rod of the side roof arch lining rack, and removing the form of the side roof arch lining template.
(9) Repairing the lining defect after the side arch lining by adopting a concrete repairing rack walking behind the side arch lining trolley; and the constructors reinstallate the wind tube, the cable and the continuous belt on the construction platforms at the two sides of the concrete repairing rack.
After the lining of the side arch is completed, the lining quality is required to be checked and the defects are required to be repaired, so that a concrete repairing rack is operated behind the side arch lining trolley, and the repairing of the defects of the lining such as honeycomb pitting surfaces, holes and the like is realized by the same construction platforms on two sides of the rack, and the reinstallation of the cable and the continuous belt at the tunnel wall of the tunnel can be realized. In addition, through each crossbeam that the hole department highly promoted in proper order was laid to the rack dryer, can make the dryer realize highly promotion gradually to it is tangent at the tunnel top finally, so that constructor carries out the setting of dryer, avoided the hoisting equipment approach to TBM synchronous tunneling's influence.
While certain preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. It is therefore intended that the following claims be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the application.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present application without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, it is intended that the present application also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.
Claims (10)
1. The sectional full-circle lining equipment for the long and large tunnel is characterized by comprising a slag removal rack, an inverted arch lining rack, a reinforcing bar rack, an edge top arch lining rack and a concrete repairing rack, wherein the slag removal rack, the inverted arch lining rack, the reinforcing bar rack, the edge top arch lining rack and the concrete repairing rack are sequentially arranged in the tunnel to be lined from a TBM (tunnel boring machine) to a hole; the slag removing rack, the steel bar rack, the side arch lining trolley and the concrete repairing rack respectively comprise a central portal for the transportation track to pass through and be paved; the transportation rail comprises a double-rail which is correspondingly arranged in the slag removal rack and/or the side top arch lining trolley in a penetrating mode, a four-rail which is arranged at the beam body of the inverted arch lining trolley, and a symmetrical turnout which is correspondingly connected with the double-rail and the four-rail and is arranged at the front end of the inverted arch lining trolley, the front end of the steel bar rack and the corresponding position of the rear end of the concrete repairing rack.
2. The long and large tunnel sectional full-circle lining apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the slag removal bench comprises respective diagonal slag carrying belts disposed alternately along respective adjacent sides of the bench for respective lifting of the tunnel bottom slag to the continuous belt at the upper portion of the tunnel.
3. The long and large tunnel sectional full-circle lining equipment according to claim 1, wherein an electric hoist for lifting and lowering the oblique slag conveying belt is arranged on the side surface of the slag removal bench corresponding to the conveying track.
4. The long and large tunnel sectional full-circle lining equipment according to claim 1, wherein the inverted arch lining trolley comprises a main beam trestle, slope rails arranged at the front end and the rear end of the main beam trestle, lifting support legs correspondingly arranged at two sides of the main beam, stepping support legs capable of moving along the main beam, stepping oil cylinders correspondingly connected between the main beam and the stepping support legs, and a groove-shaped stepping trolley capable of sliding along the main beam and provided with telescopic side supports correspondingly arranged at two sides.
5. The long and large tunnel sectional full-circle lining apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the reinforcing bar rack, the side arch lining trolley and the concrete repairing rack respectively comprise an air duct arrangement hole for penetrating an air duct; the reinforcing steel bar rack and the concrete repairing rack also respectively comprise a plurality of construction platforms symmetrically arranged at two sides of the rack body, and cable hooks are arranged below the construction platforms of which the two racks correspond to the heights of the tunnel cables.
6. The long and large tunnel sectional full-circle lining apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a cable frame for placing a tunnel cable is provided on one side of the side roof arch lining trolley; and an anti-floating support screw rod is correspondingly arranged between the lining template and the frame body of the side arch lining trolley.
7. A long and large tunnel sectional full-circle lining method, characterized by being implemented based on the long and large tunnel sectional full-circle lining device as claimed in claim 1, comprising the steps of:
(1) Tunnel bottom slag removal, starting an oblique conveying belt on the side surface of a slag removal bench step by step from bottom to top, and pouring tunnel bottom residues to the oblique conveying belt after TBM tunneling by using a manpower or excavator;
(2) The method comprises the steps of inverted arch lining, correspondingly paving four-rail tracks on a main beam of an inverted arch lining trolley, correspondingly connecting the tracks with a double-rail track at the front end of the inverted arch lining trolley through symmetrical turnouts, and carrying out dredging operation, reinforcement binding operation and inverted arch pouring lining operation on the bottom of a tunnel through the inverted arch lining trolley, wherein the reinforcement binding operation corresponds to reserved reinforcements at two sides of an inverted arch to be constructed respectively;
(3) Correspondingly paving side rails matched with the walking assembly of the reinforcing steel bar rack, the side arch lining trolley and the concrete repairing rack on the constructed inverted arch;
(4) The steel bar rack walks on the side rail, a constructor dismantles the wind tunnel, the cable and the continuous belt at the tunnel wall, binds the side arch steel bars on the working platforms at the two sides of the steel bar rack, and is lapped with the reserved steel bars at the two sides of the inverted arch to form a ring;
(5) The side arch lining trolley walks behind the steel bar rack, and the wind cylinders, cables and continuous belts disassembled by the steel bar rack are respectively correspondingly penetrated through the wind cylinder layout holes of the side arch lining trolley, the cable roller support at the corresponding height on one side of the side arch lining trolley and the continuous belt rack on the other side of the side arch lining trolley;
(6) After driving the side top arch lining trolley to walk to a lining waiting position, adjusting oil cylinders arranged on two sides above the central portal frame and used for lining to drive the side top arch templates to extend out, positioning the side top arch templates, adjusting the side top arch templates until the central axis of the side top arch templates coincides with the central axis of a tunnel, and correspondingly arranging water stops at the edge positions of the templates;
(7) Pumping concrete to each window of the side arch lining template through a concrete delivery pump, and inserting vibrating bars into each window of the side arch lining template by constructors at construction platforms at two sides of the side arch lining trolley for vibrating;
(8) After the concrete reaches the design strength, recovering an adjusting oil cylinder and an anti-floating support screw rod of the side roof arch lining rack, and removing the form of the side roof arch lining template;
(9) Repairing the lining defect after the side arch lining by adopting a concrete repairing rack walking behind the side arch lining trolley; and the constructors reinstallate the wind tube, the cable and the continuous belt on the construction platforms at the two sides of the concrete repairing rack.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein in the step (1), when the TBM railcar passes through the slag removal rack, the electric hoist above the central portal is correspondingly started, the diagonal conveyor belt which correspondingly interferes with the TBM railcar is lifted, and after the TBM railcar passes through, the corresponding diagonal conveyor belt is lowered to the original position.
9. The method according to claim 7, wherein in the step (2), the inverted arch lining trolley correspondingly retrieves each telescopic leg on both sides of the trolley when moving, and lays sleepers below each stepping leg and the stepping trolley on both sides of the trolley, starts the stepping motor for the stepping legs to drive the inverted arch lining trolley to move forward, and after the inverted arch lining trolley moves in place, extends each telescopic leg correspondingly, and after each stepping leg and the stepping trolley are separated from the corresponding sleepers, removes each sleeper.
10. The method for sectional full circle lining of long and large tunnels according to claim 7, wherein in the step (6), after the side roof arch forms are positioned, an anti-floating support screw rod is arranged between the side roof arch lining trolley frame and the side roof arch forms for auxiliary positioning.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310756486.0A CN116696365A (en) | 2023-06-26 | 2023-06-26 | Sectional full-circle lining equipment and method for long and large tunnels |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310756486.0A CN116696365A (en) | 2023-06-26 | 2023-06-26 | Sectional full-circle lining equipment and method for long and large tunnels |
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| CN116696365A true CN116696365A (en) | 2023-09-05 |
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| CN202310756486.0A Pending CN116696365A (en) | 2023-06-26 | 2023-06-26 | Sectional full-circle lining equipment and method for long and large tunnels |
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