CN116672075A - Imaging catheter, system and method - Google Patents

Imaging catheter, system and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116672075A
CN116672075A CN202310894916.5A CN202310894916A CN116672075A CN 116672075 A CN116672075 A CN 116672075A CN 202310894916 A CN202310894916 A CN 202310894916A CN 116672075 A CN116672075 A CN 116672075A
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imaging
path
catheter
execution
assembly
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涂圣贤
谭清月
杨钒
吴继刚
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Shanghai Jiaotong University
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Shanghai Jiaotong University
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    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/18—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves
    • A61B18/20—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser
    • A61B18/22—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser the beam being directed along or through a flexible conduit, e.g. an optical fibre; Couplings or hand-pieces therefor
    • A61B18/24—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser the beam being directed along or through a flexible conduit, e.g. an optical fibre; Couplings or hand-pieces therefor with a catheter
    • A61B18/245—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser the beam being directed along or through a flexible conduit, e.g. an optical fibre; Couplings or hand-pieces therefor with a catheter for removing obstructions in blood vessels or calculi
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    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
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    • A61B18/12—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
    • A61B18/12—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
    • A61B18/14—Probes or electrodes therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B34/00—Computer-aided surgery; Manipulators or robots specially adapted for use in surgery
    • A61B34/20—Surgical navigation systems; Devices for tracking or guiding surgical instruments, e.g. for frameless stereotaxis
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    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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    • A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
    • A61B90/36—Image-producing devices or illumination devices not otherwise provided for
    • A61B90/361—Image-producing devices, e.g. surgical cameras
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
    • A61B90/36—Image-producing devices or illumination devices not otherwise provided for
    • A61B90/37—Surgical systems with images on a monitor during operation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B2018/00315—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body for treatment of particular body parts
    • A61B2018/00345—Vascular system
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/02—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by cooling, e.g. cryogenic techniques
    • A61B2018/0212—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by cooling, e.g. cryogenic techniques using an instrument inserted into a body lumen, e.g. catheter
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B34/00—Computer-aided surgery; Manipulators or robots specially adapted for use in surgery
    • A61B34/20—Surgical navigation systems; Devices for tracking or guiding surgical instruments, e.g. for frameless stereotaxis
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    • A61B2034/2055—Optical tracking systems
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    • A61B34/20—Surgical navigation systems; Devices for tracking or guiding surgical instruments, e.g. for frameless stereotaxis
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    • A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
    • A61B90/36—Image-producing devices or illumination devices not otherwise provided for
    • A61B90/361—Image-producing devices, e.g. surgical cameras
    • A61B2090/3614—Image-producing devices, e.g. surgical cameras using optical fibre
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
    • A61B90/36—Image-producing devices or illumination devices not otherwise provided for
    • A61B90/37—Surgical systems with images on a monitor during operation
    • A61B2090/373—Surgical systems with images on a monitor during operation using light, e.g. by using optical scanners
    • A61B2090/3735—Optical coherence tomography [OCT]

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Abstract

The invention provides an imaging assembly, a system and a method. The imaging assembly can effectively identify the region of interest at the working position of the executive catheter by arranging the multipath imaging probes at the peripheral edge of the executive catheter; meanwhile, the imaging system using the imaging component can monitor the ablation area in real time, and the safety of intravascular laser ablation operation is effectively improved.

Description

Imaging catheter, system and method
Technical Field
The invention relates to an imaging assembly, an imaging system and an imaging method, and belongs to the field of imaging in natural cavities.
Background
In the modern medical field, diseases in natural cavities of human bodies such as cardiovascular diseases and the like are increasingly becoming a serious public health problem. With the aging of the global population and the change of life style, the incidence rate of cardiovascular diseases such as coronary heart disease is rising year by year. Currently, cardiovascular disease has become one of the major causes of death worldwide. Atherosclerosis is a typical representation of cardiovascular disease, manifesting as gradual hardening, thinning of the intima of the artery and the appearance of plaque. These plaques may cause vascular stenosis, thrombosis, and even serious complications such as myocardial infarction.
For the treatment of atherosclerosis, the medical community is continually seeking more effective and safer treatments. Natural intracavitary ablation techniques, such as intravascular laser ablation, are one of the promising therapeutic directions. The technology adopts laser energy to directly act on plaque in blood vessels to ablate the plaque, thereby achieving the purpose of recovering the smoothness of the blood vessels. Compared with traditional drug treatment, coronary bypass surgery and coronary balloon dilation (PTCA), the intravascular laser ablation technology has the advantages of less wound, quicker recovery and the like. However, intravascular laser ablation techniques still face challenges such as operational risks and accuracy issues. These challenges stem mainly from the accurate localization of plaque within a vessel during treatment, efficient control of laser energy, and real-time assessment of the effectiveness of laser treatment. In these respects, the assistance of imaging techniques is particularly important. Traditional imaging techniques, such as X-ray angiography, while providing a degree of vascular structure information, are not adequate to guide safe and accurate endovascular ablation.
And to achieve safe and accurate ablation, imaging guidance is needed. However, the conventional X-ray imaging method has low resolution, and cannot accurately determine the azimuth, angle, etc. of the execution catheter in the blood vessel. Thus, it is difficult to achieve safe and accurate ablation with existing methods.
In fact, optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) has been widely used in the field of intravascular imaging, where its high resolution can well identify intravascular plaque. Therefore, if the co-positioning combination of the OCT and the execution catheter can be realized, the current ablation area can be monitored in real time by means of the OCT, and the method has important significance for improving the safety of intravascular laser ablation operation.
In view of the foregoing, it is desirable to provide an imaging catheter that can achieve a combination of real-time imaging and co-localization of the catheter to address the above-described problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an imaging assembly, which can effectively identify a region of interest at a working position of an executive catheter by arranging a plurality of imaging probes at the peripheral edge of the executive catheter; meanwhile, the imaging system using the imaging component can monitor the ablation area in real time, and the safety of intravascular laser ablation operation is effectively improved.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides an imaging assembly including an executive catheter and a multi-path imaging probe including a plurality of imaging optical fibers surrounding an outer peripheral edge of the executive catheter, the imaging assembly further including a multi-path optical switch controlling imaging of a plurality of the imaging optical fibers time-division multiplexed so that the imaging assembly can acquire images of a forward and/or lateral region of interest.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the end portion of the imaging optical fiber extending is formed with a wide-angle imaging structure.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides an imaging system including:
an imaging assembly comprising an executive catheter, a plurality of imaging probes and a plurality of optical switches;
an execution device in control connection with the execution catheter;
the imaging device is in control connection with the imaging assembly and comprises an imaging light source and an optical fiber interferometer;
the control unit is respectively connected with the execution device and the imaging device in a control way and controls the operation of the imaging system;
the imaging device is connected with the multi-path imaging probe through the multi-path optical switch; the control unit is configured to control the switching of the multi-path optical switch so as to enable the multi-path imaging probe to perform time division multiplexing imaging and identify a target area in a region of interest;
the control unit is further configured to control the execution device and ablate the target area identified by the imaging assembly through the execution catheter.
As a further improvement of the invention, the multi-path imaging probe comprises a plurality of imaging optical fibers, the multi-path optical switch is positioned between the imaging optical fibers and the imaging light source, converts one path of optical fiber signals into time division multiplexing optical fiber signals, controls the imaging optical fibers to be sequentially opened and closed, and acquires the image of the region of interest.
As a further improvement of the invention, the multi-path optical switch is a MEMS switch, and the switching time interval of the MEMS optical switch is greater than 1ms.
As a further improvement of the invention, a plurality of imaging optical fibers are equidistantly arranged around the peripheral edge of the execution catheter and are combined with the execution catheter into a whole through a fixing structure, and the number of the imaging optical fibers is less than or equal to 32.
As a further improvement of the invention, the imaging optical fibers are simultaneously provided with 8 optical fibers, and the switching time interval for switching the multi-path optical switch is greater than 5ms.
As a further improvement of the invention, the end of the imaging optical fiber extension is formed with a wide angle imaging structure so that the multi-path imaging probe can acquire images of forward and/or lateral regions of interest.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an imaging method, comprising the steps of:
s1, moving an imaging assembly to an imaging area, starting an imaging light source, controlling a plurality of imaging probes in the imaging assembly to work, and acquiring a real-time image of the imaging area;
s2, moving the imaging assembly to an interested region in the imaging region, and positioning and identifying a target region in the interested region through the multi-path imaging probe;
and S3, the control unit controls the execution device to operate, so that the execution catheter in the imaging assembly executes corresponding work.
As a further improvement of the present invention, in S2 and S3, the control unit controls the multiple optical switches to convert one optical fiber signal into a time division multiplexing optical fiber signal, and controls the multiple imaging optical fibers in the multiple imaging probes to sequentially image, so as to acquire the region image of the region of interest in real time.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. according to the imaging assembly, the multi-channel imaging probes are arranged on the peripheral edge of the execution catheter, so that the execution catheter can conveniently perform imaging in the lumen through the multi-channel imaging probes in the use process, and the use safety of the imaging assembly is effectively improved.
2. According to the invention, the optical switch in control connection with the multipath imaging probe is arranged, and the plaque in the lumen is imaged and identified in a sweep frequency imaging mode, so that the imaging accuracy of an imaging system is effectively improved, and meanwhile, the safety of plaque ablation operation is effectively improved.
3. According to the third aspect of the invention, the target area in the lumen is identified by using the OCT imaging probe positioned at the peripheral edge of the executive catheter, so that the executive catheter can precisely act on the target area in the lumen, and the damage of the executive catheter to the vessel wall due to the position and angle problems is prevented.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of an imaging assembly of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the imaging system of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a flow chart of the imaging method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate describing the present invention and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The intravascular imaging diagnosis technology is used as a leading edge technology for treating cardiovascular diseases at present, and has great significance for treating the cardiovascular diseases at present because of small wounds and low risks. In order to ensure the safety of intravascular imaging diagnosis and treatment operation, the diagnosis and treatment operation of the catheter is controlled to be carried out, and the imaging areas of the lumen are acquired and imaged through a plurality of imaging probes so as to finish the treatment of the target areas in the lumen.
However, multiple imaging probes typically need to be matched to multiple imaging devices to avoid that signals transmitted back by the multiple imaging probes will be aliased together and will not be resolved and imaged; which in turn makes the overall imaging system bulky and expensive.
Meanwhile, a plurality of imaging probes are arranged in the optical fiber bundle, so that the manufacturing difficulty of the execution catheter is increased, and the imaging probes lack of focusing, so that the imaging resolution and penetration depth of the imaging probes are poor, and the imaging capability of calcification of an imaging area is weak.
In addition, a plurality of imaging probes which are arranged in the forward direction are arranged in the optical fiber bundle, when the execution catheter at the center of the imaging probe performs corresponding work right in front of the optical fiber bundle, air bubbles caused by the thermal effect in the working process and working light rays such as laser light, scattering and reflection of light at the air bubbles and tissues can greatly influence the imaging quality of the imaging probe, so that the imaging quality of the imaging probe is reduced, the information of a target area and surrounding tissues is difficult to accurately acquire, and the effect and safety of the execution of the work can be influenced.
Further, since the imaging probe only images the forward region in the imaging region, only whether the blood vessel wall exists in front can be judged, and an operator is required to adjust the orientation of the imaging assembly empirically; as such, on the one hand, this may result in the deployment catheter not being parallel to the vessel in the imaging region, and continued advancement may damage the vessel wall; on the other hand, when the execution catheter works at the vascular bifurcation, the forward imaging probe cannot accurately obtain the azimuth information of the blood vessel, and then the working process of the imaging assembly cannot be accurately guided.
Based on this, the present invention provides an imaging assembly 100 to accurately identify the condition of a lumen within a blood vessel in an imaging region; referring to fig. 1, an imaging assembly 100 of the present invention includes an execution catheter 10, a multi-path imaging probe 11, a fixing structure 12 for fixing the relative positions between the execution catheter 10 and the multi-path imaging probe 11, and a multi-path optical switch 13.
In the present invention, the execution conduit 10 includes a fixed tube body and an execution body accommodated in the accommodating tube body, and in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the execution body is detachably accommodated in the accommodating tube body, so that the execution body can be conveniently and quickly replaced, so that the imaging assembly 100 can execute different tasks in the tube after replacing the execution body.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, only the fixing tube body and the execution body are separately illustrated, and in other embodiments of the present invention, the fixing tube body and the execution body may be integrally provided, that is, the embodiment of the present invention described in the specification of the execution catheter 10 is merely exemplary, and should not be limited thereto.
Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, the performing body is a laser ablation fiber bundle connected to a laser performing device, so as to deliver laser to the region of interest to perform ablation of a target area (e.g. plaque) in the blood vessel.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, only the performing body is exemplified by the laser ablation fiber bundle, and in other embodiments of the present invention, the performing body may also be a radio frequency catheter, a cryocatheter, and a guide wire.
Specifically, when the execution main body is a radio frequency execution catheter, imaging can be performed on the condition of the inner wall of a blood vessel in the ablation process and after the ablation is finished through a plurality of imaging probes 11 surrounding the peripheral edge of the radio frequency execution catheter, the refractive index change of the tissue in the ablation area is monitored in real time, and an operator is assisted to rapidly judge the ablation effect achieved by the ablation, so that the radio frequency ablation process can be effectively guided.
Similarly, when the execution main body is a freezing execution catheter, ablation can be carried out simultaneously by propping the balloon against the tissue of the periphery outside the target area, at the moment, the multi-path imaging probe 11 is attached to the inner wall of the balloon and is clung to the pre-frozen tissue after the balloon is propped up, the co-positioning of the multi-path imaging probe 11 and the freezing ablation is ensured, the imaging light beam is ensured not to generate excessive attenuation due to the larger diameter of the balloon, when a traditional rotating system is used, the imaging probe is required to be arranged at the center of the balloon, so that imaging signals are greatly attenuated, and meanwhile, the blind area of a field due to the blocking of an injection tube at the center of the balloon is effectively avoided; therefore, the refractive index change in the tissue of the ablation region is monitored in the ablation process, and the ablation result can be evaluated after the ablation is finished, so that the intracardiac cryoablation process can be effectively guided.
The multi-path imaging probe 11 includes a plurality of imaging optical fibers 111 provided around the peripheral edge of the executive catheter 10, the imaging optical fibers 111 being fiber structures with wide-angle imaging structures 112 formed at extended ends so that the multi-path imaging probe 11 can acquire images of a region of interest in the forward and/or lateral directions of a blood vessel in an imaging region. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, each imaging fiber 111 is a graded index imaging fiber (GRIN fiber) that is formed by sequentially splicing lengths of Grinfiber and coreless fiber at the end of a single mode fiber and by angling the coreless fiber end to form a wide angle imaging structure 112 at the end of the imaging fiber 11 extending, and then acquiring images of the forward and/or lateral region of interest of the blood vessel in the imaging region by total reflection by the multiplexed imaging probe 11.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, wide angle imaging structure 112 is a sphere lens formed at the extended end of the imaging fiber. In fact, since the imaging angle of the sphere lens is large, the intravascular condition in the imaging region can be imaged effectively. Preferably, the ball mirror is formed by ball milling the end of the imaging fiber 11 extending.
The multi-path optical switch 13 is located at one end of the imaging optical fiber 111 far away from the wide-angle imaging structure 112, and further, the multi-path optical switch 13 can control the plurality of imaging optical fibers 111 to be sequentially conducted in a time division multiplexing manner, so that the imaging assembly 100 can rapidly and accurately image.
Referring to fig. 2, an imaging system 200 for identifying a condition of a blood vessel in an imaging region and performing ablation of plaque on an inner wall of the blood vessel is provided. The imaging system 200 includes: the image forming assembly 100, the executing device 21, the image forming device 22, and the control unit 23.
The imaging assembly 100 includes an executive catheter 10, a multi-path imaging probe 11, a fixed structure 12 for fixing the relative position between the executive catheter 10 and the multi-path imaging probe 11, and a multi-path optical switch 13. The execution device 21 is in control connection with the execution catheter 10; to ablate a target area (e.g., plaque) in a region of interest within an imaging region by performing catheter 10.
The imaging device 22 comprises an imaging light source 221 and an optical fiber interferometer 222, and further, the control unit 23 is respectively in control connection with the execution device 21 and the imaging device 22 to control the operation of the imaging system 200. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the imaging light source 221 is integrated in the optical fiber interferometer 222 to further reduce the volume of the imaging device 22, and facilitate the movement and storage of the imaging device 22 。
The imaging device 22 is in control connection with the multi-path imaging probe 11 through the multi-path optical switch 13; the control unit 23 is configured to control the switching of the multiple optical switches 13, so that the multiple imaging probes 11 perform periodic switching operation, so as to ensure that the switching of the multiple optical switches 13 does not affect the integrity of the sweep period of the single imaging optical fiber 111 in the multiple imaging probes 11, so as to accurately collect the plaque in the region of interest; the control unit 23 is also configured to control the operation of the execution means 21 and to ablate plaque identified by the imaging means 22 by executing the catheter 10.
Specifically, the multi-path optical switch 13 is located between the imaging assembly 11 and the imaging light source 221, so as to divide one path of optical fiber signal into multiple paths in a time division multiplexing manner, and control the imaging optical fiber 111 to be turned on and off in sequence, so as to acquire an image of the region of interest. In fact, since the end portion of the imaging optical fiber 111 extending is provided with the wide-angle imaging structure 112, the imaging device 22 can perform image acquisition on the forward direction and/or the lateral direction of the imaging region during operation, and accurate acquisition of the state of the inner wall of the blood vessel in the imaging region is facilitated.
Further, the number of the imaging optical fibers 111 is less than or equal to 32, so as to avoid that the imaging frame number of a single imaging optical fiber cannot meet clinical requirements due to excessive imaging optical fiber number while ensuring the imaging precision of the imaging assembly 11, and in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the number of the imaging optical fibers 111 is less than or equal to 16, so as to ensure the acquisition and display speed of the single imaging optical fiber 111, and reduce the manufacturing costs of the imaging assembly 100 and the imaging system 200 while meeting practical application requirements.
In the present invention, the optical multiplexing switch 13 is located on the front side of the imaging light source 221, and in fact, the optical switch is an optical device having one or more optional transmission ports, which functions to physically switch or logically operate the optical signals in the optical transmission line or the integrated optical circuit.
Optical switches include mechanical optical switches, micro-mechanical (MEMS) optical switches, thermo-optical switches, and the like. Mechanical optical switches are most widely used but are relatively bulky. MEMS optical switches are small in size and high in integration level, and the switching time is generally in the order of milliseconds.
Based on this, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the multi-path optical switch 13 is a MEMS optical switch, and the MEMS optical switch is disposed corresponding to the imaging light source 221, and the MEMS optical switch controls the imaging component 11 to be turned on sequentially, and the switching time interval of the MEMS optical switch for switching is greater than 1ms.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the multiple imaging probes 11 are simultaneously provided with 8 imaging optical fibers 11 which are equally spaced around the peripheral edge of the execution catheter 10, further, the switching time interval for switching the imaging components 11 of the multiple optical switches 13 is greater than 5ms, and preferably, the switching time interval for switching the imaging components 11 of the multiple optical switches 13 in this embodiment is greater than 5ms.
Preferably, the imaging optical fiber 111 in the multi-path imaging probe 11 is an OCT imaging optical fiber, and the imaging device 22 is an OCT imaging device.
It should be noted that, in the present invention, the imaging system 200 includes the imaging assembly 100, the executing device 21, the imaging device 22, and the control unit 23, and in fact, the imaging system 200 may further include a data processing device for processing data collected by the imaging assembly 100, an image processing device for processing images collected by the imaging assembly 100 and the imaging device 22, and a display device for displaying images obtained after the processing by the image processing device, that is, the structure of the imaging system 200 in the present invention is only exemplary and should not be limited thereto.
Referring to fig. 3, the present invention further provides an imaging method 300 for controlling the operation of the imaging system 200, wherein the imaging method 300 comprises the steps of:
s1, moving an imaging assembly 100 to an imaging area, starting an imaging light source 221, controlling a plurality of imaging probes 11 in the imaging assembly 100 to work, and acquiring a real-time image of the imaging area;
s2, moving the imaging assembly 100 to an interested region in an imaging region, and moving the imaging assembly 100 to position and identify plaques in the interested region through the multi-path imaging probe 11;
s3, the control unit 23 controls the operation of the execution device 21, so that the execution catheter 21 in the imaging assembly 100 emits the ablation laser light.
Further, in S2 and S3, the control unit 23 controls the multi-path optical switch 13 to convert one path of optical fiber signal into a time division multiplexing optical fiber signal, and controls the plurality of imaging optical fibers 111 in the multi-path imaging probe 11 to sequentially image, so as to acquire the region image of the region of interest in real time.
Specifically, when the imaging system 200 is controlled by the imaging method 300 to perform an ablation procedure of a target area (e.g., plaque) in a blood vessel in an imaging area, the imaging assembly 100 may be first placed into a lumen of the blood vessel in the imaging area under the guidance of a contrast technique, and the imaging light source 221 may be turned on; the imaging assembly 100 is then controlled to continue advancing until the imaging assembly 100 detects a target region (i.e., plaque) to determine that the imaging assembly 100 has reached the ablation site.
Further, the imaging assembly 100 is controlled to move, the region of interest is imaged at multiple angles, and the position information of the imaging assembly 100 relative to the blood vessel wall in the region of interest is determined; the control unit 23 controls the laser device 21 to be turned on, and ablates a target area in the region of interest through laser; meanwhile, the control unit 23 controls the multi-path imaging probe 11 to be rapidly switched under the control of the multi-path optical switch 221, and transmits multi-path image signals of the ablation part in real time and displays the signals at least through the display device, and in addition, since the multi-path imaging probe 11 with the wide-angle imaging structure 111 formed at the end part is used in the imaging assembly 100, the distance between the side wall of the execution catheter 10 and the blood vessel wall can be identified while judging whether the front pre-ablated tissue is a target area, so that a user can well judge the position and the orientation of the execution catheter 10 to complete the ablation of the plaque.
In summary, in the imaging assembly 100 of the present invention, the multiple imaging probes 11 are disposed at the peripheral edge of the execution catheter 10, so that the execution catheter 10 can perform the imaging of the inside of the lumen through the multiple imaging probes 11 during the use process, and the use safety of the imaging assembly 100 is effectively improved. Meanwhile, the imaging system 200 carries out imaging identification on plaque in the lumen by arranging the multipath optical switches 13 in control connection with the multipath imaging probes 11 and adopting a sweep frequency imaging mode, so that the imaging accuracy of the imaging system 200 is effectively improved, and meanwhile, the safety of plaque ablation operation is effectively improved. Further, the imaging method 300 identifies plaque in the lumen by using the multi-path imaging probe 11 located at the peripheral edge of the performing catheter 10, so that the performing catheter 10 can precisely act on plaque in the lumen, and damage to the vessel wall due to position and angle problems of the performing catheter 10 is prevented.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications and equivalents may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. An imaging assembly comprising an executive catheter and a multi-path imaging probe comprising a plurality of imaging fibers surrounding the peripheral edge of the executive catheter, the imaging assembly further comprising a multi-path optical switch controlling the time division multiplexed imaging of a plurality of the imaging fibers such that the imaging assembly can acquire images of forward and/or lateral regions of interest.
2. The imaging assembly of claim 1, wherein: the end portion of the imaging optical fiber extending is formed with a wide angle imaging structure.
3. An imaging system, comprising:
an imaging assembly comprising an executive catheter, a plurality of imaging probes and a plurality of optical switches;
an execution device in control connection with the execution catheter;
the imaging device is in control connection with the imaging assembly and comprises an imaging light source and an optical fiber interferometer;
the control unit is respectively connected with the execution device and the imaging device in a control way and controls the operation of the imaging system;
the imaging device is connected with the multi-path imaging probe through the multi-path optical switch; the control unit is configured to: controlling the switching of the multi-path optical switch to enable the multi-path imaging probe to perform time division multiplexing imaging and identify a target area in the region of interest;
the control unit is further configured to control the execution device and ablate the target area identified by the imaging assembly through the execution catheter.
4. The imaging system of claim 3, wherein: the multi-path optical switch is positioned between the imaging optical fiber and the imaging light source, converts one path of optical fiber signal of the imaging light source into a time division multiplexing optical fiber signal, controls the imaging optical fiber to be sequentially opened and closed, and acquires the image of the region of interest.
5. The imaging system of claim 4, wherein: the multi-path optical switch is an MEMS switch, and the switching time interval for switching the MEMS optical switch is greater than 1ms.
6. The imaging system of claim 4, wherein: the imaging optical fibers are arranged on the peripheral edge of the execution catheter in an equidistant mode, are combined with the execution catheter into a whole through the fixing structure, and the number of the imaging optical fibers is smaller than or equal to 32.
7. The imaging system of claim 6, wherein: the imaging optical fibers are simultaneously provided with 8 imaging optical fibers, and the switching time interval for switching the multipath optical switches is larger than 5ms.
8. The imaging system of claim 4, wherein: the end of the imaging fiber extension is formed with a wide angle imaging structure so that the multi-channel imaging probe can acquire images of forward and/or lateral regions of interest.
9. An imaging method, comprising the steps of:
s1, moving an imaging assembly to an imaging area, starting an imaging light source, controlling a plurality of imaging probes in the imaging assembly to work, and acquiring a real-time image of the imaging area;
s2, moving the imaging assembly to an interested region in the imaging region, and positioning and identifying a target region in the interested region through the multi-path imaging probe;
and S3, the control unit controls the execution device to operate, so that the execution catheter in the imaging assembly executes corresponding work.
10. The imaging method as claimed in claim 9, wherein: in the step S2 and the step S3, the control unit controls the multi-path optical switch to convert one path of optical fiber signal into a time division multiplexing optical fiber signal, and controls the imaging optical fibers in the multi-path imaging probe to sequentially image, so as to acquire the region image of the region of interest in real time.
CN202310894916.5A 2023-07-20 2023-07-20 Imaging catheter, system and method Pending CN116672075A (en)

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