CN116667882B

CN116667882B - Physical topology simulation device and networking test system

Info

Publication number: CN116667882B
Application number: CN202310937456.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 曹波; 李铮; 刘佳; 王学清; 陈金雷; 刘伟
Original assignee: Beijing Smartchip Microelectronics Technology Co Ltd; Beijing Smartchip Semiconductor Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Beijing Smartchip Microelectronics Technology Co Ltd; Beijing Smartchip Semiconductor Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2023-07-28
Filing date: 2023-07-28
Publication date: 2023-12-15
Anticipated expiration: 2043-07-28
Also published as: CN116667882A

Abstract

The invention discloses a physical topology simulation device and a networking test system. A physical topology simulation apparatus comprising: the test units are used for emitting noise signals and coupling the noise signals to carrier signals emitted by the tested equipment so as to simulate the noise environment of circuit signals in real power line transmission; the routing attenuator is connected with the plurality of test units through the plurality of carrier interfaces and is used for adjusting attenuation values and/or impedance values of carrier signals transmitted between any two test units so as to simulate attenuation and/or impedance of circuit signals in real power line transmission. The device can realize saving manpower and materials.

Description

Physical topology simulation device and networking test system

Technical Field

The present invention relates to the field of topology simulation technologies, and in particular, to a physical topology simulation device and a networking test system.

Background

The PLC (Power Line Communication, power line carrier communication) technology uses a power line as a transmission medium to transmit data information, which can reduce the operation cost and reduce the expenditure for constructing a new communication network.

However, because of the time-varying characteristic of the power line channel, the power carrier communication frequency band has space radiation conduction characteristic, and the pre-stored known topology is inconsistent with the real topology, if the actual physical topology cannot be known, the power carrier communication node lacks a powerful basis when selecting a networking path, so that the stability of transmission is difficult to ensure in a complex environment, and management is difficult to achieve. Thus, topology identification is required.

However, in the related art, when developing the topology identification technology, an outfield test is generally required, and a great deal of manpower and material resources are required, which is very inconvenient.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art to some extent. Therefore, a first object of the present invention is to provide a physical topology simulation device to save manpower and material resources.

A second object of the present invention is to provide a networking test system.

To achieve the above object, an embodiment of a first aspect of the present invention provides a physical topology simulation apparatus, including: the test units are used for emitting noise signals and coupling the noise signals to carrier signals emitted by the tested equipment so as to simulate the noise environment of circuit signals in real power line transmission; and the routing attenuator is connected with a plurality of test units through a plurality of carrier interfaces and is used for adjusting attenuation values and/or impedance values of carrier signals transmitted between any two test units so as to simulate attenuation and/or impedance of line signals in real power line transmission.

To achieve the above object, a second aspect of the present invention provides a networking test system, including: the physical topology simulation device; and the central intelligent control unit is respectively connected with the test unit and the routing attenuator in the physical topology simulation device and is used for controlling the test unit to send out noise signals and controlling the routing attenuator to adjust the attenuation value and/or the impedance value.

According to the physical topology simulation device and the networking test system provided by the embodiment of the invention, the physical topology simulation device comprises a plurality of test units and a routing attenuator, the test units are connected through the routing attenuator to control the routing attenuator, simulate the attenuation and/or impedance of line signals in real power line transmission, control the test units and simulate the noise environment of the line signals in the real power line transmission, thereby realizing the simulation of the topology structure and the noise environment of the real power line, obtaining the physical topology consistent with the topology of the real power line, providing a unified laboratory test environment for researchers, overcoming a plurality of problems of off-site test, and saving project expenditure and development time.

Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a physical topology simulation apparatus of one or more embodiments of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a physical topology simulation apparatus of one or more embodiments of the invention;

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the structure of a test unit in accordance with one or more embodiments of the invention;

FIG. 4 is a block diagram of the structure of a test unit in accordance with one or more embodiments of the invention;

FIG. 5 is a flow chart of the operation of an exemplary physical topology simulation apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a block diagram of the structure of a test unit in accordance with one or more embodiments of the invention;

FIG. 7 is a flowchart of the operation of another example physical topology simulation apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a block diagram of the structure of a test unit in accordance with one or more embodiments of the invention;

FIG. 9 is a block diagram of a routing attenuator in accordance with one or more embodiments of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a block diagram of a routing attenuator in accordance with one or more embodiments of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a flowchart of the operation of a physical topology simulation apparatus of yet another example of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the physical topology simulation apparatus of an example of the present invention;

fig. 13 is a block diagram of a networking test system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The physical topology simulation device and the networking test system according to the embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described with reference to the drawings are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the invention.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a physical topology simulation apparatus of one or more embodiments of the invention.

In order to realize the environment simulation of the carrier networking of the laboratory, the carrier networking environment simulation can be switched through a centralized switch matrix, and each carrier testing unit is connected through a program-controlled attenuator. In order to guarantee the classification of the carrier networking topology, a shielding box is required to shield the space coupling signals, otherwise, carrier cross-stage communication may occur in the carrier networking test process, that is, two physically non-adjacent classified test units may be in adjacent or same networking logic level, so that the logic network topology may not be identical to the physical network topology.

However, the physical classification of the carrier network relies on the isolation capabilities of the carrier shielding boxes, which shield the carrier signal conduction paths except for the program-controlled attenuators, so that the carrier signals can form a physical network topology according to the setting of the switch matrix without inter-stage crosstalk. However, in the actual environment, if the carrier transmitting power of the tested carrier device is larger, the physical isolation capability of the shielding box may be exceeded, so that the topology and the actual topology cannot be corresponding.

Thus, the present invention proposes a physical topology simulation apparatus.

As shown in fig. 1, the physical topology simulation apparatus 10 includes: the test unit 100 comprises a device under test 101, and the test unit 100 is used for emitting noise signals and coupling the noise signals to carrier signals emitted by the device under test 101 so as to simulate the noise environment of circuit signals in real power line transmission. The routing attenuator 200 is connected to the plurality of test units 100 through a plurality of carrier interfaces, and is used for adjusting attenuation values and/or impedance values of carrier signals transmitted between any two test units 100 so as to simulate attenuation and/or impedance of circuit signals in real power line transmission.

Therefore, the physical topology simulation device 10 comprises a plurality of test units 100 and a routing attenuator 200, the plurality of test units 100 form a physical topology, the test units 100 are connected through the routing attenuator 200, so that the routing attenuator 200 can be controlled, attenuation and/or impedance of line signals in real power line transmission are simulated, the test units 100 are controlled, noise environment of the line signals in the real power line transmission is simulated, simulation of a real power line topology structure and the noise environment is realized, physical topology consistent with the topology of a real power line can be obtained, a unified laboratory test environment is provided for researchers, a plurality of problems of off-site testing are overcome, and project expense and development time are saved.

It should be noted that fig. 1 is a block diagram of a physical topology simulation apparatus 10 according to one or more embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to this in practical application, for example, one routing attenuator 200 may be connected to only 2 or 3 test units 100, and for a relatively simple topology, only 1 or 2 routing attenuators 200 may be provided.

In one or more embodiments of the present invention, referring to fig. 2, the test unit 100 and the routing attenuator 200 are both connected to the central intelligent control unit 20, and each function is implemented under the control of the central intelligent control unit 20. The central intelligent control unit 20 mainly consists of a personal computer and a communication module. The test unit 100 is connected to the routing attenuator 200 via a radio frequency connection 300.

In one or more embodiments of the present invention, referring to fig. 3, the test unit 100 further includes a first control module 102, a waveform generation module 103, and a first carrier interface 104, where the first control module 102 is connected to the waveform generation module 103, the waveform generation module 103 is connected to the first carrier interface 104, and the first carrier interface 104 is connected to the device under test 101 and the routing attenuator 200, respectively. Also included within the test unit 100 is a power module.

The first control module 102 is configured to, after receiving the noise simulation instruction, control the waveform generation module 103 according to the noise simulation instruction to generate a corresponding noise signal, and send the noise signal to the first carrier interface 104 to couple with a carrier signal sent by the device under test 101.

Specifically, the test unit 100 leads out a communication interface of the test unit 100 and a carrier interface of the test unit 100, and the carrier interface of the test unit 100 is used for leading out a carrier signal of the device under test 101 from the test unit 100. The tested device 101 is provided with a tested carrier device communication interface, and the tested carrier device communication interface is matched with the first carrier interface 104.

The first control module 102 controls the waveform generation module 103 in the test unit 100, and also has a storage function, so as to store noise signals recorded by the node.

The waveform generation module 103 is controlled by the first control module 102, and can generate self-adaptive white noise, so that the carrier communication noise floor in the unit is improved, the carrier signal to noise ratio is reduced, and topology classification is facilitated; various types of signals may also be emitted, such as narrowband noise, impulse noise, or noise waveforms recorded from the field, etc., coupled to the carrier interface of the device under test 101 for testing the noise immunity of the carrier communication, simulating a real power line noise environment for testing.

The first control module 102 may use an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array ).

In one or more embodiments of the present invention, referring to fig. 4, the test unit 100 further comprises a first communication interface 105, and the first control module 102 is further connected to the device under test 101 through the first communication interface 105 for: acquiring device power of the device under test 101; the operating states of the device under test 101 and the waveform generation module 103 are controlled according to the device power.

Wherein, the measured carrier device communication interface is set on the measured device 101, and the measured carrier device communication interface is matched with the first communication interface 105. The first control module 102 may control the operating state of the device under test 101 through the first communication interface 105, and adjust the operating state of the waveform generation module 103 accordingly.

In one or more embodiments of the present invention, when the noise signal is white noise, the first control module 102 is configured to, when controlling the operating states of the device under test 101 and the waveform generation module 103 according to the device power:

and when the power of the device is out of the preset controllable range, controlling the tested device 101 to stop working.

When the device power is within the preset controllable range, the target signal strength is determined according to the device power, and the waveform generation module 103 is controlled to adaptively adjust the emitted white noise according to the target signal strength.

Specifically, for the tested device 101 with larger power fluctuation, the white noise of the power of the self-adaptive tracking tested device 101 can reduce the signal to noise ratio value of the carrier signal of the unit, and the effective signal of the unit is not submerged due to overlarge generated noise intensity. The dynamically adjusted white noise can submerge crosstalk signals except effective signals of adjacent grading units, so that adjacent grade carrier communication can be directly connected, non-adjacent grade carrier communication carries out inter-grade relay communication according to a carrier communication protocol, tested power line carrier equipment can grade according to a real topology, carrier physical topology is matched with the real topology, and grading networking is realized.

However, before generating the dynamically adjusted white noise, it is necessary to first ensure that the power of the device under test 101 is within a controllable range to prevent the power of the device under test 101 from fluctuating to an excessively high level and to ensure that the test unit 100 can operate normally.

Therefore, after the initialization of the program, the first control module 102 detects the power of the tested device 101, if the power of the device is outside the preset controllable range, the test unit 100 needs to stop supplying power to the tested device 101, so as to prevent the test unit 100 from being faulty due to overheating, and illuminate a red light signal to indicate that the device has been suspended.

And if the power of the tested device 101 is in the controllable range, obtaining the target signal strength according to the detected current device power of the tested device 101. The target signal strength is the noise signal strength of white noise, is a plurality of discrete fixed values which are set in advance, and when the target signal strength is set, the power in the controllable range of the tested equipment 101 is uniformly divided into a plurality of groups, and according to the principle that the adaptive white noise is required to submerge crosstalk signals except for effective signals of adjacent grading units and cannot cover the effective signals of the unit due to overlarge noise, the power range of each section of tested equipment 101 is matched with the target signal strength of a fixed value, so that the tested equipment 101 can emit any power in the controllable range to be adaptively matched with background white noise with moderate strength.

After the target signal strength is obtained by matching, the waveform generation module 103 can be controlled to adaptively adjust the emitted white noise according to the target signal strength, so that the adaptive white noise which adaptively tracks the power of the tested device 101 is generated.

In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the waveform generation module 103 includes an analog automatic gain control circuit and a digital automatic gain control circuit, and the waveform generation module 103 is configured to, when adaptively adjusting white noise emitted by: acquiring the current signal intensity of white noise; calculating to obtain the noise amplitude difference between the current signal intensity and the target signal intensity; when the absolute value of the noise amplitude difference is smaller than or equal to a first difference threshold value, white noise with the current signal intensity is kept to be output; when the absolute value of the noise amplitude difference is larger than the first difference value threshold and smaller than or equal to the second difference value threshold, the signal intensity of the white noise is finely adjusted through the analog automatic gain control circuit, and the step of obtaining the current signal intensity of the white noise is transferred; when the absolute value of the noise amplitude difference is larger than the second difference threshold, the digital automatic gain control circuit coarsely adjusts the signal intensity of the white noise, and the step of obtaining the current signal intensity of the white noise is carried out.

Specifically, two AGC (Automatic Gain Control ) circuits, which are respectively an analog automatic gain control circuit and a digital automatic gain control circuit, are provided in the waveform generation module 103, and the analog gain control circuit has high control accuracy but a small control range, and the digital automatic gain control circuit has low control accuracy but a large control range.

In order to control the waveform generation module 103 to adaptively adjust the emitted white noise according to the target signal strength, it is necessary to obtain the signal strength of the noise of the white noise currently being output by the waveform generation module 103, calculate the noise amplitude difference between the current signal strength and the target signal strength, classify the value of the noise amplitude difference, and divide the noise amplitude difference into three types according to the magnitude of the noise amplitude difference: larger, smaller, and extremely small. Classifying as extremely small when the absolute value of the noise amplitude difference is smaller than or equal to a first difference threshold; classifying as smaller when the absolute value of the noise amplitude difference is greater than the first difference threshold and less than or equal to the second difference threshold; when the absolute value of the noise amplitude difference is greater than the second difference threshold, it is classified as larger.

When the classification of the noise amplitude difference is extremely small, the current noise amplitude difference is determined to be a tolerable error, so that white noise with current intensity can be directly output.

When the classification of the noise amplitude difference is small, it is explained that fine adjustment is required. Because the analog automatic gain control circuit has the advantage of high control precision, the analog automatic gain control circuit is selected to finely adjust the signal intensity of the white noise, and the step of obtaining the current signal intensity of the white noise is transferred. Until the classification of noise amplitude differences is minimal.

When the noise amplitude difference is classified as large, the analog automatic gain control circuit has a defect of a small control range, and thus the control using the analog automatic gain control circuit has a problem of an excessive workload. The digital automatic gain control circuit has the advantage of a large control range, although it has the disadvantage of low control accuracy. Thus, the digital automatic gain control circuit may be used to make coarse adjustments to the signal strength of the white noise and proceed to the step of obtaining the current signal strength of the white noise. Until the classification of the noise amplitude difference is small, the analog automatic gain control circuit is used for adjustment instead.

Therefore, different adjusting methods can be selected according to different noise amplitude differences, and the white noise which is dynamically adjusted can be efficiently and accurately generated.

In one or more embodiments of the invention, the first control module 102 is further configured to: after the waveform generation module 103 adaptively adjusts the outputted white noise, and when the duration reaches the preset clock period, the step of obtaining the device power of the device under test 101 is transferred.

Specifically, referring to fig. 5, after outputting the new white noise intensity, after a fixed clock period, an adaptive white noise initialization is performed, and the step of returning to the step of detecting the power level of the tested device 101 starts to circulate, so that the intensity of the white noise signal can be dynamically adjusted by adaptively tracking the power of the tested carrier device.

In one or more embodiments of the present invention, when generating the adaptive white noise, it may also be selected whether to add other types of noise such as narrowband noise and impulse noise according to the setting of the central intelligent control unit 20. If the addition is determined, setting a noise parameter, superposing the noise on the generated self-adaptive white noise, and outputting a superposed analog power line noise waveform.

Because the stability of carrier networking may be affected by multiple kinds of noise in the real power line transmission environment, such as random impulse noise caused by special reasons such as short circuit fault of a power line, abrupt switching of electrical equipment, lightning, etc., narrowband noise may be generated when the medium-short wave radio communication and the power line channel cross talk, etc., by superimposing the noise on the adaptive white noise, it is possible to implement that multiple kinds of noise signals are sent out to couple to the carrier interface of the tested device 101, so as to implement noise resistance of carrier communication testing, and simulate the real power line noise environment for testing.

In one or more embodiments of the present invention, referring to fig. 6, the test unit 100 further includes a first communication module 106, and the first control module 102 is further configured to: after receiving the noise recording instruction, acquiring laboratory noise in a preset time according to the noise recording instruction; a noise file is generated from the laboratory noise comprising the signals collected via the first communication interface 105 and the first carrier interface 104 and transmitted to the central intelligent control unit 20 via the first communication module 106 for storage.

Specifically, after receiving the noise recording instruction, the test unit 100 turns on the laboratory noise recording mode. In this mode, the test unit 100 may collect signals and noise received by the node for a certain period of time, upload the signals and noise to the central intelligent control unit 20 and store the signals and noise.

The test unit 100 collects wireless signals and noise received by the node, and transmits the signals and noise to the first communication module 106 and then to the first control module 102; the test unit 100 collects the wired signal and noise of the power line transmission received by the node, and then transmits the wired signal and noise to the first control module 102. After the two are combined, a noise file received by the node in the period of time is generated and temporarily stored by the first control module 102, and finally transmitted to the personal computer of the central intelligent control unit 20 for storage through the first communication module 106 in a wireless mode.

In one or more embodiments of the invention, the first control module 102 is further configured to: after receiving the play command, acquiring a noise file sent by the central intelligent control unit 20; the control waveform generation module 103 plays the noise file and outputs it through the first carrier interface 104.

Specifically, the central intelligent control unit 20 may also control the test unit 100 to turn on the play mode. After the playing mode is started, the personal computer in the central intelligent control unit 20 sends the recorded noise file to the test unit 100, the file is transmitted to the first control module 102, the first control module 102 controls the waveform generation module 103 to reproduce the noise waveform recorded from the site and superimpose the noise waveform on other signals in the test unit 100.

Because the channel characteristics and noise differences of the power line transmission in different scenes are large, such as the scenes of office buildings, old communities, remote villages and the like in cities, in order to test the noise resistance of the topology network, the test unit 100 can play various on-site recorded power line noise signals, and simulate the real power line noise environment for testing. This mode may also play the noise file recorded by the test unit 100 in the laboratory noise recording mode in the above embodiment, for repeated testing, or for actual power line noise, to test the simulation degree of laboratory generated noise.

In one or more embodiments of the present invention, since a plurality of test units 100 are configured to serve as nodes in different locations when the device is in operation, it is cumbersome to manually configure each test unit 100. In order to improve the automation degree and the intelligence degree of the overall operation, the first control module 102 in the test unit 100 is also designed with software, and the test unit 100 can automatically complete the selection of the working mode and the noise parameters after power-on. In addition, each test unit 100 can also independently adjust the working state through the central intelligent control unit 20 or the first control module 102, so that the noise level of each stage is different, and the complex noise environment in the field is reproduced. Furthermore, the test unit 100 has three modes of operation selectable, namely an intelligent regulation mode, a laboratory noise recording mode and a playback mode.

Thus, when the system is initialized, it automatically operates according to the steps shown in fig. 7. Specifically, first, adaptive white noise is generated by default in all cases, so after initialization, an intelligent adjustment mode is selected by default in mode selection, adaptive white noise is selected in noise type selection, and white noise with intensity capable of adaptively tracking the power of the device under test 101 is generated for submerging crosstalk signals other than the effective signals of adjacent hierarchical units.

According to the setting of the central intelligent control unit 20, whether other types of noise such as narrow-band noise, impulse noise and the like are added or not is selected, noise parameters of the noise are set, the noise is superimposed on the generated self-adaptive white noise, and the superimposed analog power line noise waveform is output.

The central intelligent control unit 20 may also control the test unit 100 to turn on the play mode. After the playing mode is started, the personal computer in the central intelligent control unit 20 sends the recorded noise file to the first control module 102, and the first control module 102 controls the waveform generation module 103 to reproduce the noise waveform recorded from the site and superimpose the noise waveform on other noise signals in the test unit 100.

The intelligent regulation mode is started after initialization, and meanwhile, the laboratory noise recording mode is started synchronously. In this mode, the test unit 100 may collect signals and noise received by the node for a certain period of time, upload the signals and noise to the central intelligent control unit 20 and store the signals and noise.

When the whole device works, a plurality of test units 100 are arranged, different topological structures can be switched frequently when a carrier networking test topological recognition algorithm is formed, each piece of equipment is not required to be manually debugged by the intelligent test unit 100, adjacent nodes can be ensured to be interconnected, and non-adjacent nodes are only connected through relay nodes, so that a large amount of time is saved, and the efficiency of switching different topological network structures is improved.

Besides automation, the test unit 100 can also manually adjust the type, amplitude, frequency, period and the like of the emitted noise respectively, so that the noise level of each stage is different, the complex noise environment of the site is reproduced, or the power line noise background under a specific scene is simulated, and a comprehensive networking test environment is formed for testing, so as to evaluate the actual working capacity of the tested carrier equipment. Of course, further modeling, simulation and reproduction of the real scene power line communication noise can be realized by using methods such as reinforcement learning, a neural network and the like.

In one or more embodiments of the present invention, referring to fig. 8, the test unit 100 further includes a first filter 107, a second filter 108, a second communication interface 109, and a third carrier interface 110, the first carrier interface 104 is connected to the routing attenuator 200 through the first filter 107 and the third carrier interface 110 in sequence, the first communication module 106 is connected to the central intelligent control unit 20 through the second filter 108 and the second communication interface 109 in sequence, and the first filter 107 and the second filter 108 are used for performing filtering processing on the transmitted corresponding signals.

The first filter 107 may be a low-pass filter, to prevent the communication signal from affecting the carrier communication. The second filter 108 is used to prevent the carrier signal from radiating outwards from the communication interface.

The first control module 102 may receive and send information through the second communication interface 109 and the second filter 108, for example, the second communication interface 109 collects wireless signals and noise received by the node, and the wireless signals and noise pass through the second filter 108 and then enter the first communication module 106 and then enter the first control module 102. The recorded noise file may be uploaded to the central intelligent control unit 20.

The first control module 102 may also receive and send information through the third carrier interface 110 and the first filter 107, for example, the third carrier interface 110 collects the wired signal and noise of the power line transmission received by the node, and the wired signal and noise pass through the first filter 107 and then enter the first control module 102.

In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the routing attenuator 200 includes a second control module 201, a plurality of second carrier interfaces 202 and a plurality of digitally controlled attenuation modules 203, the plurality of second carrier interfaces 202 are connected to the plurality of digitally controlled attenuation modules 203 in a one-to-one correspondence, the second carrier interfaces 202 are connected to the test unit 100, and the second control module 201 is connected to the plurality of digitally controlled attenuation modules 203 respectively; the second control module 201 is configured to determine, after receiving the attenuation simulation instruction, the first target nc attenuation module 203 and the target attenuation amplitude according to the attenuation simulation instruction, and control the first target nc attenuation module 203 to attenuate the transmitted carrier signal according to the target attenuation amplitude, so as to implement attenuation simulation of the line signal in real power line transmission. See in particular the embodiment shown in fig. 9.

Specifically, the outbound interface of the routing attenuator 200 includes a plurality of second carrier interfaces 202, and the routing attenuator 200 is connected to the test unit 100 through the second carrier interfaces 202.

The numerical control attenuation module 203 of the routing attenuator 200 is formed by serially connecting a plurality of attenuation chips, and can realize high-precision attenuation of carrier signals, thereby simulating signal attenuation of cables in actual transmission due to length change. If the attenuation of a certain numerical control attenuation module 203 is adjusted to the maximum value, the path is cut off, that is, the routing attenuator 200 can also switch the physical topology connection by changing the attenuation value, thereby changing the physical topology and realizing the hierarchical networking of the carrier network.

The attenuation values may be input by the user in the central intelligent control unit 20, or may be obtained by self-operation of the central intelligent control unit 20, for example, the central intelligent control unit 20 may obtain the attenuation values according to a pre-acquired neural network prediction model. After the attenuation values are obtained, the central intelligent control unit 20 generates attenuation simulation instructions from the attenuation values.

In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the central intelligent control unit 20 obtains the attenuation values by:

A1, constructing a data set, wherein the data set comprises different power line channel attributes and attenuation values of corresponding carrier signals.

In particular, a large amount of data is collected of signal attenuation values with different power line channel properties, wherein the power line channel properties may comprise one of a power line length, a power line cross-sectional area, a power line frequency, a power grid load and a power grid network topology. The data structure may be [ power line length, power line cross-sectional area, power line frequency, power grid load, power grid network topology, signal attenuation values ], constructing a data set comprising a number of data structures as described above.

And A2, carrying out normalization processing on the data in the data set, and dividing the normalized data set into a training set, a verification set and a test set.

Specifically, the data structures within the data set are normalized. Illustratively, when the collected data structure does not have one or more power line channel attributes, the value corresponding to the one or more power line channel attributes is set to 0. The normalized data set is divided into a training set, a verification set and a test set.

A3, establishing an initial neural network prediction model based on the normalized data, setting super parameters and selecting an activation function.

Specifically, based on the data characteristics in the data set after normalization processing, the number of nodes of an input layer and an output layer of the initial neural network prediction model, and the number of layers and the number of nodes of a hidden layer are determined. The neural network predictive model takes various power line channel properties affecting signal attenuation as inputs and signal attenuation values as outputs. When the number of layers and the number of nodes of the hidden layer are determined, the preliminary number of layers and the number of nodes of the hidden layer can be obtained according to the number of input and output nodes and an empirical formula.

The super parameters mainly comprise learning rate, training number, batch size, expected error and the like. It should be noted that, the super parameter is a parameter set by the initial neural network prediction model before starting the learning process, and is not parameter data obtained through training.

When the activation function is selected, a proper neuron function is selected according to the characteristics of input and output data, so that a better learning effect and a faster convergence speed are obtained.

And A4, training the current neural network prediction model according to the hyper-parameters and the activation function by utilizing data in the training set to obtain a first neural network prediction model.

Specifically, data in the training set are sequentially input into an initial neural network prediction model, and a first neural network prediction model is obtained through training.

And A5, performing performance evaluation on the first neural network prediction model according to a first preset requirement by utilizing data in the verification set, adjusting the super parameters according to a first evaluation result, returning to the step of training the current neural network prediction model by utilizing data in the training set according to the super parameters and the activation function until the optimal super parameters and the second neural network prediction model corresponding to the optimal super parameters are obtained.

Specifically, data in the verification set is sequentially input into a first neural network prediction model, preliminary performance evaluation is performed on the first neural network prediction model according to a first preset requirement, a signal attenuation value in the verification set and a prediction result (prediction attenuation value) output by the first neural network prediction model, super parameters of the first neural network prediction model are adjusted according to a performance evaluation result (first evaluation result), and after adjustment, steps A3, A4 and A5 are utilized, and training and evaluation are repeatedly performed on the adjusted super parameters of the first neural network prediction model. Until a group of super parameters with optimal performance and a second neural network prediction model corresponding to the optimal super parameters are obtained.

And A6, performing performance evaluation on the second neural network prediction model according to a second preset requirement by utilizing data in the test set, and adjusting the second neural network prediction model according to a second evaluation result until a final neural network prediction model meeting the second preset requirement is obtained.

Specifically, the data in the test set is input to the second neural network prediction model, the performance of the second neural network prediction model is evaluated according to the second preset requirement, the signal attenuation value in the test set and the prediction result (prediction attenuation value) output by the second neural network prediction model, and the second neural network prediction model is adjusted according to the performance evaluation result (second evaluation result) until the final neural network prediction model meeting the second preset requirement is obtained. The second preset requirements include error values and fitting accuracy.

And when the second evaluation result is under fitting, optimizing the structure of the second neural network prediction model, and training and evaluating the optimized second neural network prediction model.

And when the second evaluation result is the overfitting, expanding the data set, and training and evaluating the second neural network prediction model by utilizing the expanded data set, or reducing the complexity of the second neural network prediction model, and training and evaluating the second neural network prediction model with reduced complexity.

And when the second evaluation result meets the second preset requirement, obtaining a neural network prediction model meeting the second preset requirement.

A7, obtaining an attenuation value by combining the neural network prediction model meeting the second preset requirement with the demand.

In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the second control module 201 is further configured to: after the impedance simulation instruction is received, determining a second target numerical control attenuation module 203 and a target impedance value according to the impedance simulation instruction, and adjusting an adjustable resistor and/or an adjustable capacitor in the second target numerical control attenuation module 203 according to the target impedance value so as to realize impedance simulation of a line signal in real power line transmission.

Specifically, each digital attenuation module 203 is further connected with an adjustable resistor and an adjustable capacitor, so that an impedance value between any two carrier interfaces can be adjusted, and the digital attenuation module is used for simulating impedance transformation of a carrier cable.

Thus, the routing attenuator 200 can adjust the signal attenuation value and the impedance value between any two communication nodes, and simulate the attenuation and the impedance transformation of line signals caused by the changes of the length, the access load and the like in the real power line transmission. When the attenuation value is adjusted to the maximum, the routing attenuator 200 can also switch on/off of the topological connection, so as to realize different topological structures.

In one or more embodiments of the present invention, referring to fig. 10, the routing attenuator 200 further includes a second communication module 204, a third communication interface 205, a third filter 206, and a plurality of fourth filters 207, where the third communication interface 205 is sequentially connected to the second control module 201 through the third filter 206 and the second communication module 204, and the plurality of fourth filters 207 are in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of digitally controlled attenuation modules 203 and are connected between the corresponding second carrier interfaces 202 and the digitally controlled attenuation modules 203. The fourth filter 207 may be a low-pass filter, and may be configured to avoid crosstalk between signals of the communication interface and the carrier interface. If the routing attenuator 200 is connected to the central intelligent control unit 20, the routing attenuator 200 is connected to the central intelligent control unit 20 via a third communication interface 205.

In one or more embodiments of the present invention, referring to FIG. 11, there are three modes of operation: attenuation analog mode, impedance analog mode, and noise analog mode, each of which can operate independently, HPLC signal simulation and testing of the device under test 101 communication signals.

When the attenuation simulation mode is selected, attenuation values are input into the central intelligent control unit 20, the central intelligent control unit 20 transmits control signals and data parameters to the routing attenuator 200, and the second main control module of the routing attenuator 200 controls the numerical control attenuation module 203 to complete simulation of attenuation amplitude and output processed communication signals.

When the impedance simulation mode is selected, the impedance value is input to the central intelligent control unit 20, the central intelligent control unit 20 transmits a control signal and data to the routing attenuator 200, and the second main control module of the routing attenuator 200 controls the adjustable resistor-capacitor to complete the simulation of the impedance and outputs the processed communication signal.

When the noise simulation mode is selected, the flow related to the test unit 100 in the above embodiment is started, and the central intelligent control unit 20 controls the completion of the kind and parameter setting and simulation of the noise signal and outputs the processed communication signal.

The central intelligent control unit 20 not only can cooperatively control the plurality of test units 100 and the routing attenuators 200, but also can independently control the working states of each test unit 100 and each routing attenuator 200, so that the noise, attenuation and impedance levels of each stage are different, and further the complex power line communication environment of the site is reproduced.

The whole device can set up a plurality of test units 100 during operation, also can often switch different topological structures when forming carrier networking test topology identification algorithm, intelligent test unit 100 need not each piece of equipment of manual debugging, can guarantee again that adjacent node interconnects, and non-adjacent node only links to each other through the relay node, has saved a large amount of time, has improved the efficiency of switching different topological structures.

Therefore, through the design of the test unit 100 and the central intelligent control unit software, different working modes, noise parameters and the like can be intelligently selected according to the remote control signals of the central intelligent control unit, each test unit 100 does not need to be manually debugged, a large amount of time is saved, the efficiency of switching different topological structures is improved, and the whole automation and intelligence degree are improved.

In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the number of the routing attenuators 200 is plural, and the device under test 101 includes a table end test unit and a local end test unit, where the table end test unit is used as a relay node and a terminal node in the physical topology, and the local end test unit is used as a central node in the physical topology. See in particular the example shown in fig. 12. In fig. 12, the triangular node is a local side test unit, the circular node is a table side test unit, and the square node is a routing attenuator 200.

The local side test unit is used for installing the local side carrier tested equipment 101, and in the carrier communication network, the local side test unit is used as a central node and is responsible for maintaining the whole carrier network communication. The exemplary local side carrier-under-test device 101 is a concentrator carrier communication module.

The meter end test unit is used for installing meter end carrier wave tested equipment 101, and in a carrier wave communication network, the meter end test unit is used as a relay node or a terminal node and is responsible for relay communication and terminal data transmission. The exemplary meter-side carrier-wave device under test 101 is a single/three-phase power meter carrier-wave communication module.

In summary, the physical topology simulation device of the embodiment of the invention is provided with a plurality of test units and routing attenuators, wherein the test units comprise tested equipment, and the test units are used for sending out noise signals and coupling the noise signals to carrier signals sent out by the tested equipment so as to simulate the noise environment of circuit signals in real power line transmission; the routing attenuator is connected with the plurality of test units through the plurality of carrier interfaces and is used for adjusting attenuation values and/or impedance values of carrier signals transmitted between any two test units so as to simulate attenuation and/or impedance of circuit signals in real power line transmission. Therefore, simulation of a real power line topological structure and a noise environment is realized, and a physical topology consistent with the topology of the real power line can be obtained. Moreover, the test unit can generate adaptive white noise, so that the noise intensity of the white noise dynamically tracks the power of the tested device. In the process of generating self-adaptive white noise, a dual-mode control regulation mode is used, a digital automatic gain control circuit and an analog automatic gain control circuit are selectively used for controlling a waveform generation module to regulate the intensity of noise, so that the background white noise is dynamically regulated according to the power of tested equipment, the large range and high precision of noise regulation are considered, the carrier signal-to-noise ratio of the unit is reduced under the condition that the power of the tested equipment continuously changes along with time, the interference signals except for effective signals of adjacent grading units are submerged, and the obtained topological structure is ensured to be consistent with the real topological structure. For a real carrier communication network, it can be realized that the noise characteristics of each carrier node are not exactly the same. Moreover, as each test unit can independently set a plurality of noise modes, the multi-point noise environment in the real carrier network is simulated, thereby verifying the actual ad hoc network communication capability of the tested carrier communication equipment. The test unit can play various on-site recorded power line noise signals, test the noise resistance of the topological network, simulate the real power line noise environment to test, and play the noise file recorded by the test unit in the mode for repeated test or comparison of real noise. The recording mode of the test unit can sample and collect signals and noise received by the node in a certain time in a wired mode and a wireless mode, and the collected files are uploaded to the central intelligent control unit for storage, and the recorded noise files can be used for playback noise retest in a playing mode and can also be used for comparing actual power line noise and testing simulation degree of noise generated in a laboratory.

Further, the invention provides a networking test system.

As shown in fig. 13, the networking test system 1000 includes: the physical topology simulation apparatus 10 described above; the central intelligent control unit 20 is connected with the test unit and the routing attenuator in the physical topology simulation device 10 respectively, and is used for controlling the test unit to send out noise signals and controlling the routing attenuator to adjust attenuation values and/or impedance values.

The networking test system of the embodiment of the invention is provided with a plurality of test units and routing attenuators through the physical topology simulation device of the embodiment, wherein the test units comprise tested equipment, and the test units are used for sending out noise signals and coupling the noise signals to carrier signals sent out by the tested equipment so as to simulate the noise environment of circuit signals in real power line transmission; the routing attenuator is connected with the plurality of test units through the plurality of carrier interfaces and is used for adjusting attenuation values and/or impedance values of carrier signals transmitted between any two test units so as to simulate attenuation and/or impedance of circuit signals in real power line transmission. Therefore, simulation of a real power line topological structure and a noise environment is realized, and a physical topology consistent with the topology of the real power line can be obtained. Moreover, the test unit can generate adaptive white noise, so that the noise intensity of the white noise dynamically tracks the power of the tested device. In the process of generating self-adaptive white noise, a dual-mode control regulation mode is used, a digital automatic gain control circuit and an analog automatic gain control circuit are selectively used for controlling a waveform generation module to regulate the intensity of noise, so that the background white noise is dynamically regulated according to the power of tested equipment, the large range and high precision of noise regulation are considered, the carrier signal-to-noise ratio of the unit is reduced under the condition that the power of the tested equipment continuously changes along with time, the interference signals except for effective signals of adjacent grading units are submerged, and the obtained topological structure is ensured to be consistent with the real topological structure. For a real carrier communication network, it can be realized that the noise characteristics of each carrier node are not exactly the same. Moreover, as each test unit can independently set a plurality of noise modes, the multi-point noise environment in the real carrier network is simulated, thereby verifying the actual ad hoc network communication capability of the tested carrier communication equipment. The test unit can play various on-site recorded power line noise signals, test the noise resistance of the topological network, simulate the real power line noise environment to test, and play the noise file recorded by the test unit in the mode for repeated test or comparison of real noise. The recording mode of the test unit can sample and collect signals and noise received by the node in a certain time in a wired mode and a wireless mode, and the collected files are uploaded to the central intelligent control unit for storage, and the recorded noise files can be used for playback noise retest in a playing mode and can also be used for comparing actual power line noise and testing simulation degree of noise generated in a laboratory.

It should be noted that the logic and/or steps represented in the flow diagrams or otherwise described herein may be considered a ordered listing of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, and can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device, such as a computer-based system, processor-containing system, or other system that can fetch the instructions from the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device and execute the instructions. For the purposes of this description, a "computer-readable medium" can be any means that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transport the program for use by or in connection with the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the computer-readable medium would include the following: an electrical connection (electronic device) having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette (magnetic device), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber device, and a portable compact disc read-only memory (CDROM). In addition, the computer readable medium may even be paper or other suitable medium on which the program is printed, as the program may be electronically captured, via, for instance, optical scanning of the paper or other medium, then compiled, interpreted or otherwise processed in a suitable manner, if necessary, and then stored in a computer memory.

It is to be understood that portions of the present invention may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above-described embodiments, the various steps or methods may be implemented in software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. If implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, may be implemented using any one or combination of the following techniques, as known in the art: discrete logic circuits having logic gates for implementing logic functions on data signals, application specific integrated circuits having suitable combinational logic gates, programmable Gate Arrays (PGAs), field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), and the like.

In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

In the description of the present specification, the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. refer to an orientation or positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and should not be construed as limiting the invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.

In the description of the present specification, unless otherwise indicated, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly, through intermediaries, or both, may be in communication with each other or in interaction with each other, unless expressly defined otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.

In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "up" or "down" a second feature may be the first and second features in direct contact, or the first and second features in indirect contact via an intervening medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.

While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention, and that variations, modifications, alternatives and variations may be made to the above embodiments by one of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A physical topology simulation apparatus, the apparatus comprising:

the test units are used for emitting noise signals and coupling the noise signals to carrier signals emitted by the tested equipment so as to simulate the noise environment of circuit signals in real power line transmission;

The routing attenuator is connected with the plurality of test units through a plurality of carrier interfaces and is used for adjusting attenuation values and/or impedance values of carrier signals transmitted between any two test units so as to simulate attenuation and/or impedance of line signals in real power line transmission;

the test unit further comprises a first control module, a waveform generation module and a first carrier interface, wherein the first control module is connected with the waveform generation module, the waveform generation module is connected with the first carrier interface, and the first carrier interface is respectively connected with the tested equipment and the route attenuator;

the first control module is used for controlling the waveform generation module to generate a corresponding noise signal according to the noise simulation instruction after receiving the noise simulation instruction, and sending the noise signal to the first carrier interface so as to be coupled with a carrier signal sent by the tested equipment;

the test unit further comprises a first communication interface, and the first control module is further connected with the tested device through the first communication interface and is used for:

acquiring the device power of the tested device;

controlling the working states of the tested equipment and the waveform generation module according to the equipment power;

When the noise signal is white noise, the first control module is used for controlling the working states of the tested device and the waveform generation module according to the device power:

when the power of the device is outside a preset controllable range, controlling the tested device to stop working;

when the equipment power is in a preset controllable range, determining target signal strength according to the equipment power, and controlling the waveform generation module to adaptively adjust white noise emitted according to the target signal strength;

the waveform generation module comprises an analog automatic gain control circuit and a digital automatic gain control circuit, and is used for adaptively adjusting white noise emitted by the waveform generation module when the waveform generation module is used for adaptively adjusting the white noise:

acquiring the current signal intensity of the white noise;

calculating to obtain a noise amplitude difference between the current signal intensity and the target signal intensity;

when the absolute value of the noise amplitude difference is smaller than or equal to a first difference threshold value, white noise with the current signal intensity is kept to be output;

when the absolute value of the noise amplitude difference is larger than the first difference threshold and smaller than or equal to the second difference threshold, the signal intensity of the white noise is finely adjusted through the analog automatic gain control circuit, and the step of acquiring the current signal intensity of the white noise is transferred;

And when the absolute value of the noise amplitude difference is larger than the second difference threshold, carrying out rough adjustment on the signal intensity of the white noise through the digital automatic gain control circuit, and switching to the step of acquiring the current signal intensity of the white noise.

2. The physical topology simulation apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first control module is further configured to:

after the waveform generation module adaptively adjusts the outputted white noise, and when the duration reaches a preset clock period, the step of obtaining the device power of the tested device is transferred.

3. The physical topology simulation apparatus of claim 1, wherein the test unit further comprises a first communication module, the first control module further configured to:

after receiving a noise recording instruction, acquiring laboratory noise in a preset time according to the noise recording instruction;

and generating a noise file according to the laboratory noise, and sending the noise file to a central intelligent control unit for storage through the first communication module, wherein the laboratory noise comprises signals acquired through the first communication interface and the first carrier interface.

4. A physical topology simulation apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the first control module is further configured to:

after receiving a playing instruction, acquiring a noise file sent by the central intelligent control unit;

and controlling the waveform generation module to play the noise file and outputting the noise file through the first carrier interface.

5. The physical topology simulation device of claim 1, wherein the routing attenuator comprises a second control module, a plurality of second carrier interfaces and a plurality of numerical control attenuation modules, the plurality of second carrier interfaces are connected with the plurality of numerical control attenuation modules in a one-to-one correspondence manner, the second carrier interfaces are connected with the test unit, and the second control module is respectively connected with the plurality of numerical control attenuation modules;

the second control module is used for determining a first target numerical control attenuation module and a target attenuation amplitude according to the attenuation simulation instruction after receiving the attenuation simulation instruction, and controlling the first target numerical control attenuation module to attenuate a transmitted carrier signal according to the target attenuation amplitude so as to realize attenuation simulation of a line signal in real power line transmission.

6. The physical topology simulation apparatus of claim 5, wherein the second control module is further configured to:

after an impedance simulation instruction is received, determining a second target numerical control attenuation module and a target impedance value according to the impedance simulation instruction, and adjusting an adjustable resistor and/or an adjustable capacitor in the second target numerical control attenuation module according to the target impedance value so as to realize impedance simulation of line signals in real power line transmission.

7. The physical topology simulation apparatus according to claim 3, wherein,

the testing unit further comprises a first filter, a second communication interface and a third carrier interface, wherein the first carrier interface is connected to the routing attenuator through the first filter and the third carrier interface in sequence, the first communication module is connected to the central intelligent control unit through the second filter and the second communication interface in sequence, and the first filter and the second filter are used for carrying out filtering processing on corresponding transmitted signals.

8. The physical topology simulation apparatus of claim 5, wherein,

the routing attenuator further comprises a second communication module, a third communication interface, a third filter and a plurality of fourth filters, wherein the second carrier interface is connected to the second control module through the third filter and the second communication module in sequence, and the fourth filters are in one-to-one correspondence with the numerical control attenuation modules and are connected between the corresponding second carrier interface and the numerical control attenuation modules.

9. The physical topology simulation device of claim 1, wherein the test unit is connected to the routing attenuator by a radio frequency connection.

10. The physical topology simulation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the number of the routing attenuators is plural, the device under test includes a table end test unit serving as a relay node and a terminal node in the physical topology and a local end test unit serving as a central node in the physical topology.

11. A networking test system, comprising:

the physical topology simulation apparatus of any one of claims 1-10;

and the central intelligent control unit is respectively connected with the test unit and the routing attenuator in the physical topology simulation device and is used for controlling the test unit to send out noise signals and controlling the routing attenuator to adjust the attenuation value and/or the impedance value.