CN116665484A - Design method for optimizing urban parking facility layout - Google Patents
Design method for optimizing urban parking facility layout Download PDFInfo
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- CN116665484A CN116665484A CN202310759220.1A CN202310759220A CN116665484A CN 116665484 A CN116665484 A CN 116665484A CN 202310759220 A CN202310759220 A CN 202310759220A CN 116665484 A CN116665484 A CN 116665484A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/14—Traffic control systems for road vehicles indicating individual free spaces in parking areas
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
- G08G1/0104—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions
- G08G1/0125—Traffic data processing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
- G08G1/0104—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions
- G08G1/0137—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions for specific applications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/065—Traffic control systems for road vehicles by counting the vehicles in a section of the road or in a parking area, i.e. comparing incoming count with outgoing count
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/02—Services making use of location information
- H04W4/021—Services related to particular areas, e.g. point of interest [POI] services, venue services or geofences
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/02—Services making use of location information
- H04W4/025—Services making use of location information using location based information parameters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/30—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes
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Abstract
The invention discloses a design method for optimizing the layout of urban parking facilities, which comprises the following steps: step one: firstly, dividing parking communities according to the total population scale of the communities and the related design technical specifications of urban public parking, and combining the spatial attribute conditions of urban roads, rivers and railways; step two: secondly, performing fuzzing investigation on the distribution of the existing public parking facilities, and performing space coverage analysis on the existing public parking facilities by taking an area which can be reached by citizens after walking for five minutes as a service radius, so as to comb out uncovered areas of the public parking facilities in a parking community; the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the population thermodynamic data of a plurality of time points are grabbed, the thermodynamic data of different periods and the parking cells are subjected to space superposition analysis, the distribution weights of the parking cells at different time points are calculated respectively, the average duty ratio of each parking cell is obtained after weighted average, and the accuracy of traffic analysis planning work is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of urban parking facility layout, and particularly relates to a design method for optimizing the urban parking facility layout.
Background
With the development of socioeconomic performance and the acceleration of urban progress, urban population and motor vehicle number are greatly increased, and urban traffic faces a serious situation.
The improvement is open, especially in the recent 10 years, the rapid development of national economy in China aggravates the urban and industrialized processes, the increase of travel demands and the improvement of living standard promote the steps of the cars entering families, the motorized trend of resident travel modes is increasingly obvious, and the road traffic capacity is insufficient relative to the road traffic; on the other hand, although urban parking facilities are rapidly developed, compared with the continuously-increasing parking demands in geometric progression, obvious supply gaps exist, and particularly random arrangement of in-road parking has already begun to seriously influence road traffic and tends to be serious, so that static traffic contradictions of many cities are highlighted.
The road parking is an important component of the whole parking facility of the city; the parking in the road refers to marking out a plurality of places where the belt-shaped road surface provides the vehicle to park on two sides or one side within the width range of the red line of the road; because the road space resource is utilized as a parking carrier for the road parking, compared with the road outside parking facilities, the road inside parking has the advantages of flexible and simple arrangement, small occupied space, convenience and directness and short walking distance, and meanwhile, the idle resources of the road are reasonably utilized; when the urban road parking zone is arranged in China, the system planning and quantitative control are lacking, so that the road parking is full, and the corresponding road parking is quite idle; therefore, some cities go out of the platform and cannot set forced measures of parking in the road within the range of 500 square meters around the parking outside the road, and as a result, many vehicles can walk to find a parking lot, the walking distance is prolonged, the convenience of traveling is greatly reduced, and the idle resources of the road are not fully utilized; meanwhile, the existing road internal parking setting is determined by experience only according to road geometric conditions, so that excessive road internal parking is set, the setting is unreasonable, the road internal parking is not in coordination with urban parking demand layout, parking spaces occupied for a long time and parking space vacancies in peak periods are caused, other vehicles are caused to violate regulations because the parking spaces cannot be found, and the influence on urban dynamic traffic is large.
Currently, methods mainly adopted at home and abroad for predicting urban parking demands include a land formation rate method, a regression analysis method, an OD prediction method, an analogy analysis method and the like; the method basically predicts after establishing a mathematical model between the parking requirement and each influence factor, and can be performed by a method requiring a large amount of investigation data or historical data; the land formation rate method needs to study different types of land conditions of the area; regression analysis requires historical data of various parking requirements including population, car possession and the like; the OD prediction method needs to conduct parking investigation after traffic cells are divided; the method needs a large amount of investigation data and history data, and is time-consuming, labor-consuming and high in threshold.
The population is continuously increased, the travel demands of citizens are more vigorous, and the travel mode is more focused on convenience, rapidness and comfort; the conventional prediction method often lacks deep mining on the internal relation between the parking requirement and the trip purpose, and is insufficient in consideration of the actual trip requirement of the population.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a design method for optimizing urban parking facility layout, which utilizes a data mining technology to creatively introduce urban thermodynamic diagram data into urban public parking demand analysis research to construct a prediction method of an urban parking lot based on urban thermodynamic diagrams.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a design method for optimizing a layout of an urban parking facility, the method comprising:
step one: firstly, dividing parking communities according to the total population scale of the communities and the related design technical specifications of urban public parking, and combining the spatial attribute conditions of urban roads, rivers and railways;
step two: secondly, performing fuzzing investigation on the distribution of the existing public parking facilities, and performing space coverage analysis on the existing public parking facilities by taking an area which can be reached by citizens after walking for five minutes as a service radius, so as to comb out uncovered areas of the public parking facilities in a parking community;
step three: secondly, acquiring urban population thermodynamic data by a big data means, starting from two aspects of physical space and citizen demand, and analyzing the demand degree of public parking facilities for the areas, so as to determine the area with the strongest public parking demand of each parking area;
step four: finally, combining land rights and urban updating policy conditions, and performing potential space diving in the area with the strongest parking requirement, so as to optimize the public parking facility layout of the areas and alleviate the problem of urban parking difficulty.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the population thermodynamic data is based on the position information carried by the smart phone user, the crowd density and the people flow speed of the clusters in each region are calculated according to the position clusters, and the calculation result reflects the space difference of the people flow by using different colors and brightnesses.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the time points of the population thermodynamic data comprise different time points of working days, rest days, daytime and evening.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the method for obtaining the public parking demand of each parking cell is as follows: and carrying out space superposition analysis on the thermal data and the parking cells in different periods, respectively calculating the distribution weights of the parking cells at different time points, obtaining the average duty ratio of each parking cell after weighted averaging, and distributing the total parking berth requirements according to the specific gravity condition of each parking cell based on the obtained total parking berth requirements of the public parking lot.
As a preferred solution of the present invention, the parking demand features of the patch exhibit significant day-night differences and land property differences.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the urban parking facility is optimized to additionally provide in-road parking on the branch road with smaller traffic flow; on the other hand, public three-dimensional parking buildings are newly added in areas lacking parking facilities.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the road parking design needs to refer to road conditions, traffic volume conditions, reasonable position selection of road parking zones and berth design of the road parking.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the road condition of the road parking in the road comprises the width of the road and the cross section form of the road; traffic conditions include road segment motor vehicle flow, non-motor vehicle flow, and pedestrian flow; the reasonable position selection of the road parking zone comprises the steps of respectively analyzing the distance relation between the road parking zone and the signal intersection from the inlet road and the outlet road, and the relation between the road parking zone and the road opening, the crosswalk and the road environmental conditions; the design of the parking zone berth in the road comprises the selection of the position of the parking zone in the road, the distribution of the parking spaces, the berthing mode, the stopping mode and the berth size.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
by utilizing a data mining technology, creatively introducing urban thermodynamic diagram data into urban public parking demand analysis research, and constructing a prediction method of an urban parking lot based on urban thermodynamic diagrams; the abundant, detailed and low-cost data brought by the big data age greatly enhances the breadth, depth and convenience of data collection, saves investigation time and reduces investigation difficulty, spatial superposition analysis is carried out on the thermodynamic data of different periods and parking cells by grabbing population thermodynamic data of a plurality of time points, the distribution weights of the parking cells at different time points are calculated respectively, the average duty ratio of each parking cell is obtained after weighted average, and the accuracy of traffic analysis planning work is increased.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a design method for optimizing the layout of an urban parking facility according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, a first embodiment of the present invention provides a design method for optimizing a layout of an urban parking facility, which comprises the following steps:
step one: firstly, dividing parking communities according to the total population scale of the communities and the related design technical specifications of urban public parking, and combining the spatial attribute conditions of urban roads, rivers and railways;
step two: secondly, performing fuzzing investigation on the distribution of the existing public parking facilities, and performing space coverage analysis on the existing public parking facilities by taking an area which can be reached by citizens after walking for five minutes as a service radius, so as to comb out uncovered areas of the public parking facilities in a parking community;
step three: secondly, acquiring urban population thermodynamic data by a big data means, starting from two aspects of physical space and citizen demand, and analyzing the demand degree of public parking facilities for the areas, so as to determine the area with the strongest public parking demand of each parking area;
step four: finally, combining land rights and urban updating policy conditions, carrying out potential space diving in the area with the strongest parking requirement, thereby optimizing the layout of public parking facilities in the areas and relieving the problem of urban parking difficulty, and obtaining the public parking requirement of each parking area, which can be used for guiding the site selection of a public parking lot or providing reference for public parking planning management.
In this embodiment, preferably, the demographic thermal data is based on position information carried by a user of the smart phone, and according to the position clustering, the crowd density and the people flow speed of the clusters in each region are calculated, and the calculation result reflects the space difference of the people flow by using different colors and brightnesses, which can reflect the population gathering condition of a time point, and can also reflect the population gathering degree change in a continuous time period and the population gathering degree change between different regions.
In this embodiment, it is preferable that, to more truly reflect the change situation of the spatial distribution of the population, the population thermodynamic data of multiple time points can be captured, at least including different time points of working day, rest day, daytime and evening.
In this embodiment, preferably, the method for obtaining the public parking requirement of each parking cell is as follows: and carrying out space superposition analysis on the thermal data and the parking cells in different periods, respectively calculating the distribution weights of the parking cells at different time points, obtaining the average duty ratio of each parking cell after weighted averaging, and distributing the total parking berth requirements according to the specific gravity condition of each parking cell based on the obtained total parking berth requirements of the public parking lot.
In the embodiment, preferably, through data analysis, the parking demand characteristics of the areas show obvious day-night differences and land property differences, and are well matched with the land property of the areas taking business and office as main bodies and the trip purpose taking commuter traffic as main bodies; the daytime parking requirements are vigorous, the communication traffic and business traffic parking requirements are mainly taken as the main, the commercial and office land for high-density development is mainly concentrated, and the common supersaturated operation of the parking facilities is built in peak hours; the parking demands generated by the residence are relatively less, but the residence has a peak in the noon due to the habit of returning home to eat and rest; urban land utilization is the source of urban traffic demand and parking demand, the land with different land properties generates different road parking demands, the distribution display according to the investigation road parking purpose shows that the parking with office business, catering entertainment and pick-up is three first places which are formed by the road parking purpose, the road parking mainly meets the parking demands of short parking time, high convenience and short walking distance, especially some special units such as schools and hospitals, the land is smaller than the land with other properties, but due to the special land property, the trend of entering private cars into ordinary families is more obvious today, so that the special unit gates are often full of cars, the temporary parking demands are obvious, the road parking facilities are difficult to provide road parking services for the temporary parking services due to low convenience and long walking distance, and the road parking facilities are suitable for meeting the demands in the secondary main road and branch road around schools; the requirements of parking in roads around working and shopping places are relatively smaller, and because the parking time is longer, the requirements are generally met through an off-road parking lot, so that different land properties are also related to the formation of parking in roads.
In the embodiment, preferably, the data research analysis is combined, and the optimization of parking facilities is planned from two aspects, on one hand, on the branch with smaller traffic flow, in-road parking is properly added; on the other hand, public three-dimensional parking buildings are newly added in areas lacking parking facilities.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 1, a second embodiment of the present invention is shown, which is based on the previous embodiment, except that:
the road parking design needs to refer to road conditions, traffic conditions, reasonable position selection of road parking zones and berth design of the road parking; road conditions for in-road parking include road width and road cross-sectional form; traffic conditions include road segment motor vehicle flow, non-motor vehicle flow, and pedestrian flow; the reasonable position selection of the road parking zone comprises the steps of respectively analyzing the distance relation between the road parking zone and the signal intersection from the inlet road and the outlet road, and the relation between the road parking zone and the road opening, the crosswalk and the road environmental conditions; the design of the parking zone berth in the road comprises the selection of the position of the parking zone in the road, the distribution of the parking spaces, the berthing mode, the stopping mode and the berth size; four types of parking zones are arranged in the road, namely on a pavement, a non-motor vehicle lane, a machine-non-mixed vehicle lane and a motor vehicle lane, and if the parking zone is arranged on the pavement, the pedestrian and the road section traffic on the pavement can be greatly influenced if the parking zone is randomly in and out, and if the red line control width of the road has enough space to reasonably control the entrance and the exit, the type of parking zone is equivalent to a small-sized off-road parking zone; the system is arranged on a non-motor vehicle lane, motor vehicles are isolated from the non-motor vehicles, the saturation of the non-motor vehicles is increased due to the fact that parking in the road occupies the width of the non-motor vehicles, and the service level is lowered; the vehicle-to-vehicle parking system is arranged on a vehicle-to-vehicle non-vehicle mixed lane, and the vehicle-to-vehicle non-vehicle mixed lane is forced to invade the vehicle lane due to the fact that the parking in the road occupies the width of the vehicle-to-vehicle non-vehicle mixed lane, so that the vehicle-to-vehicle non-vehicle mixed lane is formed, and the situation is the most common, the most complex and the situation which needs to be studied most; the device is arranged on a motor vehicle lane, and the situation has the greatest influence on motor vehicles on a road section, and is generally a bus stop and a taxi stop; the parking space distribution form in the road comprises two forms of compact arrangement and interval arrangement, wherein the compact arrangement is the most common form, and under the condition that the width of a general road is enough, the compact arrangement is adopted for the parking space distribution in the road, so that the limited road section length capable of setting the parking space in the road is utilized to the maximum extent; the interval arrangement is mainly used for setting parking positions in the road in an interval arrangement mode under the condition that the road width is insufficient, such as the situation that one-way traffic is reversible, so that the vehicle is in a staggered state with enough width under the condition of setting the parking in the road; the parking way of the parking space in the road comprises three forms of parallel, inclined and vertical; the width of the road surface occupied by parallel parking is smaller than that of the inclined line type and the vertical type, and the influence on the road section traffic flow is minimal; the vehicles which can be parked in the unit length road section are more than parallel vehicles in the inclined line type and the vertical type; the parking modes of the parking in the road comprise two modes of forward parking and backward parking, the different parking modes have different time requirements and different retardation on vehicles in adjacent lanes; the arrival and the departure frequencies of the parked vehicles can have blocking influence on road section traffic flow, and the higher the arrival and the departure frequencies of the parked vehicles in unit time, the larger the influence on the road section traffic flow is, so the arrival and the departure frequencies of the parked vehicles are important parameters for investigation of the parking traffic characteristics in the road.
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described in detail with reference to the foregoing detailed description, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations may be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. A design method for optimizing the layout of urban parking facilities is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step one: firstly, dividing parking communities according to the total population scale of the communities and the related design technical specifications of urban public parking, and combining the spatial attribute conditions of urban roads, rivers and railways;
step two: secondly, performing fuzzing investigation on the distribution of the existing public parking facilities, and performing space coverage analysis on the existing public parking facilities by taking an area which can be reached by citizens after walking for five minutes as a service radius, so as to comb out uncovered areas of the public parking facilities in a parking community;
step three: secondly, acquiring urban population thermodynamic data by a big data means, starting from two aspects of physical space and citizen demand, and analyzing the demand degree of public parking facilities for the areas, so as to determine the area with the strongest public parking demand of each parking area;
step four: finally, combining land rights and urban updating policy conditions, and performing potential space diving in the area with the strongest parking requirement, so as to optimize the public parking facility layout of the areas and alleviate the problem of urban parking difficulty.
2. The method for optimizing a layout of an urban parking facility according to claim 1, wherein: based on the position information carried by the user of the intelligent mobile phone, the population thermodynamic data calculates the crowd density and the people flow speed of the clusters in each region according to the position clustering, and the calculation result reflects the space difference of the people flow by using different colors and brightness.
3. A design method for optimizing urban parking facility layout according to claim 2, wherein: the time points of the population thermodynamic data comprise different time points of working days, rest days, daytime and evening.
4. The method for optimizing a layout of an urban parking facility according to claim 1, wherein: the method for obtaining the public parking requirements of each parking district comprises the following steps: and carrying out space superposition analysis on the thermal data and the parking cells in different periods, respectively calculating the distribution weights of the parking cells at different time points, obtaining the average duty ratio of each parking cell after weighted averaging, and distributing the total parking berth requirements according to the specific gravity condition of each parking cell based on the obtained total parking berth requirements of the public parking lot.
5. The method for optimizing a layout of an urban parking facility according to claim 1, wherein: the patch parking demand features exhibit significant day-to-night variability and variability in land use properties.
6. The method for optimizing a layout of an urban parking facility according to claim 1, wherein: on one hand, the urban parking facility is optimized to additionally provide in-road parking on a branch road with smaller traffic flow; on the other hand, public three-dimensional parking buildings are newly added in areas lacking parking facilities.
7. The method for optimizing a layout of a parking facility in a city of claim 6, wherein: the road parking design needs to refer to road conditions, traffic conditions, reasonable position selection of road parking zones and berth design of the road parking.
8. The method for optimizing a layout of an urban parking facility according to claim 1, wherein: the road conditions of the road parking include road width and road cross section form; traffic conditions include road segment motor vehicle flow, non-motor vehicle flow, and pedestrian flow; the reasonable position selection of the road parking zone comprises the steps of respectively analyzing the distance relation between the road parking zone and the signal intersection from the inlet road and the outlet road, and the relation between the road parking zone and the road opening, the crosswalk and the road environmental conditions; the design of the parking zone berth in the road comprises the selection of the position of the parking zone in the road, the distribution of the parking spaces, the berthing mode, the stopping mode and the berth size.
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| CN202310759220.1A CN116665484A (en) | 2023-06-26 | 2023-06-26 | Design method for optimizing urban parking facility layout |
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| CN202310759220.1A CN116665484A (en) | 2023-06-26 | 2023-06-26 | Design method for optimizing urban parking facility layout |
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