CN1166595C - Ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture and its production method - Google Patents
Ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture and its production method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1166595C CN1166595C CNB011428449A CN01142844A CN1166595C CN 1166595 C CN1166595 C CN 1166595C CN B011428449 A CNB011428449 A CN B011428449A CN 01142844 A CN01142844 A CN 01142844A CN 1166595 C CN1166595 C CN 1166595C
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- ammonium nitrate
- active agent
- compound flame
- explosive
- tnt
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Abstract
The present invention relates to coal mine allowable an-tnt-oil explosive and a preparation method thereof. The present invention has the following components and contents: 1.5 to 2.5% of ammonium nitrate, wood powder, oil phase and TNT, 10 to 20% of compound flame inhibitor and 0.1 to 1.0% of surface active agent, wherein the compound flame inhibitor is formed by respectively selecting one kind or a plurality of kinds of the following three groups of compounds: alkali metal or alkaline earth metal nitrate, ammonium halide salt, alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal halide. The surface active agent is composed of one kind or a plurality of kinds of the following compounds: alkylamine salt comprising 12 to 18 carbon chains, sodium dodecyl sulfate, stearic acid, dodecyl alcohol acyl organic phosphate, etc. The present invention has the preparation method: while the TNT is balled, milled, and pulverized, the surface active agent is added, the surface active agent is added while the ammonium nitrate is rolled and dried, and the compound flame inhibitor is added during explosive mixing. The compound flame inhibitor and the surface active agent are used for solving the problems of the stable detonation and the anti-deflagration tendency of an-tnt-oil explosive with little TNT, the synthetic detonation performance of the explosive is ensured, and a safe performance requirement for the danger environment of underground gas and dust explosion of a coal mine is achieved.
Description
Affiliated technical field
The present invention relates to mining explosive, there is the service requirements of gas and dust explosion hazardous environment particularly a kind of meeting, has the steady detonation performance and that the anti-detonation inclination performance is good, package stability is high, that tritonal content is low, ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture under coal mine, and the manufacture method of this explosive.
Background technology
At present, being used for the Permitted Detonator for Coal Mining powder type explosive of China's coal-mine underground blasting, mainly is No. 2 and No. 3 Amatol Coal Permitted Explosives.The content height of this explosive tritonal reaches about 10%, and not only the serious harm worker's is healthy, and serious environment pollution.The content that reduces tritonal in the permitted explosive for coal mine is very necessary.
The few TNT-equivalent ammonium nitrate-fuel oil explosive of existing rock type in the existing patent application, but do not have the few TNT-equivalent ammonium nitrate-fuel oil explosive of allowed for use in coal mines.The patent application that title is " preparation method of low TNT-equivalent ammonium nitrate-fuel oil explosive ", its application number: 99107097.6, publication number: CN1235945A are rolled up, disclosed for No. 47 in China's " Gazette of Patent for Invention " the 15th.Its purpose provides a kind of preparation method of low TNT-equivalent ammonium nitrate-fuel oil explosive; Its method is to be made of utilization air-flow-rolling method production an-tnt-oil explosive powdery ammonium nitrate, wood powder, tritonal, compound oil phase, additive.This law only needs a small amount of existing equipment of producing an-tnt-oil explosive of changing, and the adjustment member prescription just can be produced the product that is better than the 4# an-tnt-oil explosive, is fit to vast air-flow-rolling explained hereafter powdery an-tnt-oil explosive factory and uses.
Because of having gas and coal dust explosion hazard to exist under the coal mine, make non-permitted explosive for coal mine become permitted explosive for coal mine, must solve following problem: 1. make explosive have higher combustible gas degree of safety and explosive anti-detonation inclination; 2. improve the sensitivity of explosive, solve the steady detonation problem of explosive; 3. improve the package stability of explosive.These technical barriers fail to obtain for a long time.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: under the coal mine to the particular requirement of explosive, solve an-tnt-oil explosive after tritonal content reduces, improve its steady detonation performance, security, anti-detonation inclination performance and package stability to gas; Provide a kind of meeting that manufacture method service requirements, that lack terraced ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture and this explosive under gas and the coal dust explosion hazard environment is arranged under coal mine for this reason.
The technical scheme that the present invention is adopted for the technical solution problem is:
Ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture adopts following component and content (weight percent):
Ammonium nitrate: 70～80%, tritonal: 1.5～2.5%, wood powder: 3～6%, oil phase: 1.5～3.5%, compound flame-cooling agent: 10～20%, tensio-active agent: 0.1～1.0%;
Wherein, compound flame-cooling agent is by each a kind of composition at least in following three groups of compounds:
(a) alkali metal or alkaline earth metal nitrate 3～8%
(b) ammonium halide salt 2～6%
(c) basic metal or alkaline earth metal halide 5～10%
Its tensio-active agent is at least a in following one group of compound: carbochain is 12～18 alkylamine salt, sodium lauryl sulphate, stearic acid, and dodecyl alcohol acyl phosphoric acid fat etc.
The technical scheme that the present invention is adopted for its technical problem of solution can also be:
Alkali metal or alkaline earth metal nitrate in its compound flame-cooling agent adopts NaNO
3, KNO
3, Ca (NO
3)
2Deng, ammonium halide salt adopts NH
4Cl, NH
4F etc., basic metal or alkaline earth metal halide adopt NaCl, KCl, NaF etc.
Its compound flame-cooling agent adopts NaNO
3, NH
4Cl and NaCl, perhaps KNO
3, NH
4Cl and KCl form.
The manufacture method of ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture is as follows:
1. tritonal is added in the ball mill, add tensio-active agent simultaneously, add-on is 0.1～0.5% of a tritonal crushing quantity, ball mill pulverizing 50～70min.
2. ammonium nitrate is added high temperature and heavily cut or polish jade with an emery wheel wheel roller and roll, add tensio-active agent simultaneously, add-on is 0.12～1.4% of an ammonium nitrate.After treating bulk dirt of ammonium nitrate drying, add the oil phase material of the molten state for preparing, all mix 10～15min, get final product discharging, the control drop temperature is 80～100 ℃.
3. mix medicine: in light stone roller of low temperature or middle temperature, cut or polish jade with an emery wheel in the wheel roller, add the ammonium nitrate that 2. money is handled through modification, and wood powder, compound flame-cooling agent, it is below 80 ℃ the time that pressing is mixed to temperature of charge, add the tritonal that 1. money is handled through modification, after all mixing 15～20min, get final product drug, immediate shipment drug package behind the cool sieve medicine.
In the component of ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture of the present invention:
Ammonium nitrate:, be the main component of explosive as oxygenant.
Wood powder: selecting Korean pine or kahikatea for use is raw material, and the wood powder drying is used for dynamite component after pulverizing.
Compound flame-cooling agent: alkali metal or alkaline earth metal nitrate in the compound flame-cooling agent and ammonium halide salt are formed the ion flame-cooling agent.The ion flame-cooling agent not only can be used as oxygenate but also can regulate explosive oxygen balance before explosive detonation; Participate in the detonation reaction of explosive when explosive detonation, the detonation reaction generates a large amount of aerosol states simultaneously; Constitute compound flame-cooling agent with basic metal or alkaline earth metal halide, effectively improve the comprehensive detonation property and the safety performance of explosive.The performance of explosive is met the requirement of using in gas and the coal dust explosion hazard environment is arranged under coal mine.This compound flame-cooling agent is efficient flame-cooling agent, and its consumption seldom but flame arrest is effective.If use single flame-cooling agent, reach the requirement of Permitted Detonator for Coal Mining explosive, the flame-cooling agent consumption is big, and the whole detonation property of explosive is descended, even can not steady detonation.
Oil phase: can adopt common oils, wax class.As: a kind of or several compositions such as machine oil, diesel oil, heavy oil, pitch, white paraffin, yellow wax, Microcrystalline Wax, stearic acid, the melt-blended oil phase material that evenly promptly can be used as under 80～100 ℃ of temperature.
Tritonal: its content is 1.5～2.5%, belongs to few ladder or low TNT-equivalent ammonium nitrate-fuel oil explosive.One of the technology of the present invention key is that the TNT modification is handled.The ordinary student production art adopts ball mill to pulverize TNT, because the TNT electrostatic accumulation easily causes the TNT powder coalescent mutually, be unfavorable for dispersion and the pulverizing of TNT, the present invention adopts tensio-active agent to carry out modification when the TNT ball mill is pulverized and handles, effectively eliminated the static in the TNT crushing process, make the TNT smashing fineness can reach more than 99.9%, by 60 mesh sieves.Simultaneously, because the existence of tensio-active agent makes TNT very easily be uniformly dispersed, be coated on the sensitivity that explosive has effectively been improved on other material surface in mixed medicine process.
Tensio-active agent: be mainly used in surface modification treatment to ammonium nitrate and TNT.Adopt tensio-active agent, make modification of ammonium nitrate, promptly change crystallization, improve the sensitivity of explosive; Utilize cationic antistatic agent to be applied to play sensibilized in the prescription, in the ball mill pulverizing of TNT, the TNT specific surface area is increased greatly, improve sensibilized; The steady detonation problem and the anti-detonation inclination problem of the few TNT-equivalent ammonium nitrate-fuel oil explosive of Permitted Detonator for Coal Mining have been solved.
The present invention compared with prior art has following advantage:
1. the content of TNT reduces to 1.5～2.5% in the explosive of the present invention.Reduce the consumption of the higher tritonal of cost, reduced the harm that it causes human body and environment.Compare with former No. 2, No. 3 Amatol Coal Permitted Explosives, per ton cost descends about 200 yuan,
2. because tritonal and ammonium nitrate are adopted surface-active-treatment, make the good detonation performances of explosive, its detonation property reach or be better than Amatol Coal Permitted Explosives No. 2, No. 3.
3. adopt compound flame-cooling agent to reduce before the explosive initiation content of insensitiveness material in the component, guaranteed the detonation property of explosive, can produce the aerosol state flame-cooling agent again behind the explosive detonation simultaneously, improve the blasting explosive secure performance greatly.
4. suitably adjust the content of oxygenant and compound flame-cooling agent among the present invention, can produce ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture No. 2, No. 3.Its performance index are seen the subordinate list of last page.
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment.
Embodiment 1:2 ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture
The component of ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture of the present invention and content thereof (weight percent) can for:
Ammonium nitrate: 75.8%, wood powder: 3.5%, oil phase: 2.4%, tritonal: 2.0%, compound flame-cooling agent: the NaNO of 8% NaCl+3%
3+ 5% NH
4Cl, tensio-active agent: the octadecyl amine hydrochlorate of 0.2% sodium lauryl sulphate+0.1%.
Wherein: 8% NaCl can be with the NaF of 5% KCl or 5% or 5% CaF
2Substitute; And the content of corresponding adjustment ammonium nitrate.
3% NaNO
3The KNO of available equivalent
3, Ca (NO
3)
2Substitute.
5% NH
4Cl can use the NH of equivalent
4F substitutes.
Embodiment 2:2 ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture
Ammonium nitrate: 76.5%, wood powder: 6%, oil phase: 2.7%, tritonal: 1.5%, compound flame-cooling agent: the KNO of 5% KCl+4%
3+ 4% NH
4Cl, tensio-active agent: the dodecyl alcohol acyl phosphoric acid fat of 0.15% stearic acid+0.15%.
Embodiment 3:3 ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture
Ammonium nitrate: 70.5%, wood powder: 5%, oil phase: 2.2%, tritonal: 2.5%, compound flame-cooling agent: 12%NaCl+3%NaNO
3+ 4.5%NH
4Cl, tensio-active agent: sodium lauryl sulphate 0.3%.
Embodiment 4:3 ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture
Ammonium nitrate: 73.3%, wood powder: 6%, oil phase: 2.4%, tritonal: 2.0%, compound flame-cooling agent: 7%NaCl+5%NaNO
3+ 4%NH
4Cl, tensio-active agent: dodecyl alcohol acyl phosphoric acid fat 0.3%.
Embodiment 5:
Ammonium nitrate: 75.5%, wood powder: 4%, oil phase: 2.5%, tritonal: 2.0%, compound flame-cooling agent: 10%NaF+3%Ca (NO
3)
2+ 3%NH
4Cl, tensio-active agent: lauryl amine nitrate 0.3%.
Wherein: 3% Ca (NO
3)
2The NaNO of available equivalent
3, KNO
3Substitute;
3% NH
4Cl can use the NH of equivalent
4F substitutes.
Manufacture method: component and content with embodiment 1 are example (percentage ratio is the per-cent that accounts for charge weight)
1. with in 2% the tritonal adding ball mill; Add tensio-active agent simultaneously: 0.004% sodium lauryl sulphate+0.002% octadecyl amine hydrochlorate, promptly add-on is 0.5% of a tritonal crushing quantity, ball mill pulverizing 50～70min.
2. 75.8% ammonium nitrate adding high temperature heavily being cut or polish jade with an emery wheel wheel roller rolls; Add tensio-active agent simultaneously: the octadecyl amine hydrochlorate of 0.196% sodium lauryl sulphate+0.098%, promptly add-on is 0.388% of an ammonium nitrate; After treating bulk dirt of ammonium nitrate drying, add 2.4% oil phase material of the molten state prepare, all mix 10～15min, get final product discharging, the control drop temperature is 80～100 ℃.
3. mix medicine: in light stone roller of low temperature or middle temperature, in the stone roller wheel roller, add the ammonium nitrate after 2. the modification of money is handled, 3.5% wood powder, and compound flame-cooling agent: the NaNO of 8% NaCl+3%
3+ 5% NH
4Cl, pressing is mixed to temperature of charge below 80 ℃ the time, adds the tritonal after 1. the modification of money is handled, all mix 15～20min after, get final product drug.Immediate shipment drug package behind the sieve medicine of a cold nature.
Aforesaid method is the explosive that produces by embodiment 1 said component and content, i.e. No. 2 ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixtures of my company's (holy generation reaches chemical company) production.If it is reinforced to press component and the content of embodiment 2～5, use same quadrat method, can make the multiple ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture of different performance.Wherein: in above-mentioned 1. money, the add-on of tensio-active agent is 0.1～0.5% of a tritonal; In 2. money, the add-on of tensio-active agent is 0.12～1.4% of an ammonium nitrate.
Subordinate list: the performance index of ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture of the present invention
Claims (5)
1. ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture, its component and content are:
Ammonium nitrate 70～80%
Tritonal 1.5～2.5%
Wood powder 3～6%
Oil phase 1.5～3.5%
Compound flame-cooling agent 10～20%
Tensio-active agent 0.1～1.0%
Wherein,
Oil phase is at least a in following one group of oil phase material: machine oil, diesel oil, heavy oil, pitch, white paraffin, yellow wax, Microcrystalline Wax, and stearic acid;
Compound flame-cooling agent is by at least respectively selecting a kind of the composition in following three groups of compounds:
(a) alkali metal or alkaline earth metal nitrate 3～8%
(b) ammonium halide salt 2～6%
(c) basic metal or alkaline earth metal halide 5～10%
Tensio-active agent is at least a in following one group of compound: the carbon number on the carbochain is 12～18 alkylamine salt, sodium lauryl sulphate, stearic acid, and dodecyl alcohol acyl phosphoric acid fat;
All percentage ratios content that is weight percentage.
2. ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said compound flame-cooling agent, its alkali metal or alkaline earth metal nitrate are NaNO
3, KNO
3, Ca (NO
3)
2Its ammonium halide salt is NH
4Cl, NH
4F; Its basic metal or alkaline earth metal halide are NaCl, KCl, NaF.
3. ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said compound flame-cooling agent is by NaNO
3, NH
4Cl, NaCl form.
4. ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said compound flame-cooling agent is by KNO
3, NH
4Cl, KCl form.
5. the manufacture method of ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture according to claim 1 is as follows:
1. tritonal is added in the ball mill, add tensio-active agent simultaneously, add-on is 0.1～0.5% of a tritonal crushing quantity, ball mill pulverizing 50～70 minutes;
2. ammonium nitrate is added high temperature and heavily cut or polish jade with an emery wheel wheel roller and roll, add tensio-active agent simultaneously, add-on is 0.12～1.4% of an ammonium nitrate; After treating bulk dirt of ammonium nitrate drying, add the oil phase material of the molten state for preparing, all mixed 10～15 minutes, get final product discharging, the control drop temperature is 80～100 ℃;
3. mix medicine: in light stone roller of low temperature or middle temperature, cut or polish jade with an emery wheel in the wheel roller, add the ammonium nitrate that 2. money is handled through modification, and wood powder, compound flame-cooling agent, it is below 80 ℃ the time that pressing is mixed to the material temperature, add the tritonal that 1. money is handled through modification, all mix after 15～20 minutes, get final product drug, immediate shipment drug package behind the cool sieve medicine.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB011428449A CN1166595C (en) | 2001-12-26 | 2001-12-26 | Ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture and its production method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB011428449A CN1166595C (en) | 2001-12-26 | 2001-12-26 | Ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture and its production method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1428318A CN1428318A (en) | 2003-07-09 |
| CN1166595C true CN1166595C (en) | 2004-09-15 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CNB011428449A Expired - Fee Related CN1166595C (en) | 2001-12-26 | 2001-12-26 | Ammonium nitrate-fuel oil mixture and its production method |
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1303042C (en) * | 2004-07-29 | 2007-03-07 | 国营云南包装厂 | High-energy powdery ammonium nitrate explosive with no sibium, and preparation method |
| CN100358845C (en) * | 2006-02-27 | 2008-01-02 | 广东省四○一厂 | Method for preparing high density bulking ammonium nitrate explosive |
| WO2008009031A1 (en) * | 2006-07-11 | 2008-01-17 | Korporacija Trayal | Technological procedure for making industrial powdered explosives |
| CN102731232B (en) * | 2012-07-03 | 2014-10-29 | 保利民爆济南科技有限公司 | TNT high-explosion-speed shock-source explosive column |
| CN106478324B (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2018-09-21 | 唐山师范学院 | Carbon dioxide gas blaster exothermic mixture |
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