CN116659239A - Ceramic part sintering furnace - Google Patents
Ceramic part sintering furnace Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN116659239A CN116659239A CN202310944075.4A CN202310944075A CN116659239A CN 116659239 A CN116659239 A CN 116659239A CN 202310944075 A CN202310944075 A CN 202310944075A CN 116659239 A CN116659239 A CN 116659239A
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- Prior art keywords
- sintering furnace
- furnace
- sintering
- vibration
- ring
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- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 126
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 abstract description 39
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 20
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 61
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 12
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002318 adhesion promoter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009700 powder processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010583 slow cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B17/00—Furnaces of a kind not covered by any preceding group
- F27B17/0016—Chamber type furnaces
- F27B17/0041—Chamber type furnaces specially adapted for burning bricks or pottery
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D11/00—Arrangement of elements for electric heating in or on furnaces
- F27D11/02—Ohmic resistance heating
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D15/00—Handling or treating discharged material; Supports or receiving chambers therefor
- F27D15/02—Cooling
Abstract
The invention discloses a ceramic sintering furnace which comprises a furnace bottom support preset underground, wherein a supporting cover is arranged at the top of the furnace bottom support, a sintering furnace is arranged on the supporting cover, a first hydraulic cylinder is uniformly arranged at the bottom of the sintering furnace in a circumferential direction, a push rod of the first hydraulic cylinder penetrates into the sintering furnace, and a first graphite compression column is fixed at the top of the push rod of the first hydraulic cylinder through an insulating and heat-insulating supporting support. The bottom surface of the high-frequency micro-vibration ceramic substrate sintered body is contacted with and separated from the vibration plate at high frequency, so that the slow heating process is more effective, and the low-temperature ceramic substrate sintered body is directly heated in a sintering furnace after being sintered and formed by SPS, so that the high-temperature ceramic substrate sintered body is ensured to be effectively cooled in a slow state, the cooling speed is effectively reduced, and the condition that a gap is formed after the melt in the high-temperature ceramic substrate is solidified is caused.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sintering equipment, and particularly relates to a ceramic part sintering furnace.
Background
Alumina ceramic is one of the refractory oxides with the most stable chemical properties and the highest mechanical strength; with the development of science and technology and the improvement of manufacturing technology, alumina ceramics are increasingly widely applied in the fields of modern industry and modern science and technology.
Because the alumina ceramic has higher requirements on sintering temperature, the sintering temperature of the high-purity alumina ceramic is generally 1650-1990 ℃, under the condition, the alumina ceramic is prepared by adopting the traditional hydrogen atmosphere sintering and electric vortex sintering modes aiming at the alumina powder with common fineness, the heating time is long, and a large amount of energy sources can be consumed. Under the condition of no intervention of sintering aids, the adopted technical means at present is to process ultrafine alumina powder by adopting ultrafine powder processing equipment, and screen out ultrafine alumina powder with the particle size of 1-4 mu m by adopting a fine screen mode, if monodisperse ultrafine Al2O3 powder with small crystal grains, large specific surface area and high surface activity is adopted, initial sintering is basically carried out among primary particles, and due to short inter-particle diffusion distance, only lower sintering temperature and sintering activation energy are needed, and the sintering temperature can be reduced by 1000 ℃; in addition, if the sintering temperature is reduced by 150 to 240 ℃ under 15MPa pressure applied to the sintered particles during the sintering process, the conventional direct heating and pressurizing method is adopted, but the sintering temperature can be reduced, but the heating speed is slow, and the crystal grains coarsen due to surface diffusion at the low sintering temperature stage, so that the plasma sintering (SPS) technology is applied.
At present, when a high alumina ceramic substrate is prepared by plasma sintering equipment, a graphite compression column formed by adding conductive adhesion promoter into nano graphite powder and pressing the nano graphite powder at high pressure is used as a supporting point for applying up-down pressure to superfine alumina powder in a graphite blank die ring in the sintering process, and a pulse current generator is adopted to provide high-position pulse electricity and low-position pulse electricity for two graphite compression columns.
However, when the SPS method is adopted to prepare the high alumina ceramic substrate, the sintering speed is faster, the high alumina ceramic sintered body in the graphite blank mold ring still performs activation heat transfer from the surface of particles from outside to inside, that is, even if the sintering of the high alumina ceramic sintered body is completed, a protective shell is formed, and the inside of the protective shell is in a state of a melt due to the heat mass concentration, in this case, if the high alumina ceramic sintered body is directly taken out for cooling, the outside of the sintered high alumina ceramic is cooled first, the inside of the sintered high alumina ceramic is cooled slowly, cracks are generated at the cold-heat exchange node inside the high alumina ceramic due to cold-heat alternating pressure, and the internal melt is filled into the cracks, so that gaps appear after the melt is solidified, and the mechanical property of the high alumina ceramic substrate is reduced; therefore, the high alumina ceramic substrate sintered by the plasma sintering equipment needs personnel to rapidly clamp the high alumina ceramic substrate sintered product from the plasma sintering equipment and add the high alumina ceramic substrate sintered product into the vortex heater for slow heating, namely, the slow heating is to firstly provide non-melting heat for the outside of the high alumina ceramic substrate sintered product, then slowly reduce the temperature, and homogenize cold and hot alternating pressure for the internal melt and external heat exchange rate of the high alumina ceramic sintered body, thereby avoiding cracks in the high alumina ceramic, ensuring the effective quality of the inside of the high alumina ceramic after solute solidification, and ensuring the mechanical property of the high alumina ceramic substrate; therefore, after SPS preliminary surface sintering, the high alumina ceramic forms a stable body outside, and then the internal quality is ensured by slow heating.
However, in the actual process of processing the high alumina ceramic, the high alumina ceramic substrate sintered product is clamped in the plasma sintering equipment, the high alumina ceramic substrate sintered product in the graphite blank mold is required to be taken out, then clamped, and then added into the vortex heater for heating and temperature control, and the cooling speed of the material taking, clamping and feeding processes is required to be avoided, so that the requirement on the operation proficiency of workers is too high, even if the speed is difficult to ensure in the frequent material taking and clamping processes, in this case, a part of the molten matters in the high alumina ceramic substrate is not lack to be solidified to form a gap; therefore, it is necessary to provide a ceramic material sintering furnace capable of rapidly feeding a sintered product of a high alumina ceramic substrate to a vortex heater for a slow heating process in the sintering process of the high alumina ceramic substrate.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a ceramic part sintering furnace, which solves the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: the ceramic part sintering furnace comprises a furnace bottom support which is preset underground, wherein a supporting cover is arranged at the top of the furnace bottom support, a sintering furnace is arranged on the supporting cover, a first hydraulic cylinder is uniformly arranged at the bottom of the sintering furnace in a circumferential direction, a push rod of the first hydraulic cylinder penetrates into the sintering furnace, and a first graphite pressing column is fixed at the top of the push rod of the first hydraulic cylinder through an insulating and heat-insulating supporting support;
the sintering furnace is characterized in that a blank mold mechanism is uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction in the sintering furnace, a sealing cover is arranged at the top of the sintering furnace, a pressure sensor is uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction on the sealing cover, a graphite pressing column II is fixedly arranged on a pressure sensing surface of the pressure sensor through an insulating and heat insulating support II, the blank mold mechanism is used for fixing a sintered object in the hot-pressing sintering process, a pulse current generator is arranged in the furnace bottom support, the output end of the pulse current generator is respectively connected to the graphite pressing column I and the graphite pressing column II through cables, and an atmosphere conversion mechanism for converting sintering atmosphere of the sintering furnace is also arranged on the sintering furnace;
the sintering furnace is internally provided with an electric vortex heater at the upper part of the blank mold mechanism, the rear part of the supporting cover is also provided with a pushing mechanism for driving the sealing cover to seal the sintering furnace and the sealing cover to move upwards, and a vibration mechanism for vibrating and moving a pre-sintered piece ejected from the blank mold mechanism through a graphite pressing column to the middle area in the electric vortex heater is arranged between the blank mold mechanisms.
Preferably, the blank mold mechanism comprises supporting rods which are uniformly connected to the inner wall of the sintering furnace in a circumferential direction, wherein the supporting rods are provided with protective frames, and graphite blank mold rings are arranged in the protective frames.
Preferably, the atmosphere changing mechanism comprises an exhaust ring cover which is arranged in the sintering furnace and positioned at the lower part of the supporting rod, one side of the sintering furnace is provided with a calandria which is communicated with the exhaust ring cover, one end of the calandria is connected with an air extractor, and the exhaust end of the air extractor is connected with an exhaust pipe;
the other side of the sintering furnace is provided with a feeding pipe, one end of the feeding pipe is connected with a one-way valve, and the air inlet end of the one-way valve is connected with external inert gas pressurizing equipment through a connecting pipe.
Preferably, the pushing mechanism comprises a second hydraulic cylinder arranged at the rear part of the supporting cover, a top plate is connected with a top rod of the second hydraulic cylinder, and the front part of the top plate is connected to the sealing cover through a connecting column.
Preferably, the outer edge of the bottom of the sealing cover is provided with a ring groove, the inner top of the ring groove is provided with a compression ring, the top of the sintering furnace is provided with a sealing ring, and the sealing ring is inserted into the ring groove and compressed by the compression ring.
Preferably, a wire pipe used for penetrating the wire pipe into the furnace bottom support is arranged at the bottom of the furnace bottom support.
Preferably, the vibration shifting mechanism comprises a vibration shifting plate arranged on the protective frames, a baffle ring is arranged on the outer edge of the vibration shifting plate, a baffle plate is arranged on the vibration shifting plate and positioned between adjacent protective frames, a vibrator is arranged at the inner bottom of the furnace bottom support, a vibration transmission rod is connected with a vibration guide surface of the vibrator, and the vibration transmission rod penetrates through the bottom of the sintering furnace and is connected with the bottom of the vibration shifting plate.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the ejector rod of the first hydraulic cylinder stretches out, the superfine alumina ceramic sintered product is ejected out of the graphite blank mold ring through the first graphite pressing column, under the high-frequency vertical microseismic action of the vibrator, the vibration plate is subjected to high-frequency microseismic action, the high-alumina alloy ceramic substrate sintered body is quickly vibrated to the heating center of the electric vortex heater, in addition, the bottom surface of the high-alumina alloy ceramic substrate sintered body is in a state of being in high-frequency contact with and separated from the vibration plate under the high-frequency microseismic action, so that the slow heating process is more effective, in the process, the heating temperature of the electric vortex heater can be slowly reduced, and the heating of the high-alumina alloy ceramic substrate is stopped until the high-alumina alloy ceramic substrate is cooled; therefore, since the sintered body of the high alumina ceramic substrate is directly heated slowly in the sintering furnace after the SPS sintering molding, the cooling rate is effectively reduced because the sintered body of the high alumina ceramic substrate is effectively cooled in a slow state, and the formation of voids after solidification of the melt in the high alumina ceramic substrate is caused.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view in partial cutaway of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of the invention in transverse cross-section at a vibration plate.
In the figure: 1 furnace bottom support, 2 support cover, 3 sintering furnace, 4 hydraulic cylinder, 5 insulating support, 6 graphite press column, 7 support rod, 8 protection frame, 9 graphite blank mould ring, 10 seal cover, 11 pressure sensor, 12 insulating support, 13 graphite press column, 14 exhaust ring cover, 15 air extractor, 16 exhaust pipe, 17 pulse current generator, 18 check valve, 19 adapter pipe, 20 electric vortex heater, 21 hydraulic cylinder, 22 top plate, 23 connecting column, 24 spool, 101 support ring, 801 vibration plate, 802 baffle ring, 803 baffle plate, 804 vibrator, 805 vibration transmission rod.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, a ceramic sintering furnace comprises a furnace bottom support 1 preset underground, a supporting cover 2 is fixed at the top of the furnace bottom support 1 by adopting circumferential bolts, a sintering furnace 3 is fixed on the supporting cover 2 by adopting bolts, wherein the sintering furnace 3 is a heat-preservation sandwich type sintering furnace, a hydraulic cylinder I4 is fixed at the bottom of the sintering furnace 3 by circumferential uniform bolts, a liquid inlet and outlet end of the hydraulic cylinder I4 is connected with a branch liquid inlet and outlet end of a flow distribution and collection valve through a pressure oil pipe, a main liquid inlet and outlet end of the flow distribution and collection valve is connected with one side liquid inlet and outlet end of a first electromagnetic reversing valve through a pressure oil pipe, the other side liquid inlet and outlet end of the electromagnetic reversing valve is connected with a liquid inlet and outlet end of a first hydraulic pump through a pressure oil pipe, a graphite copper lining ring is uniformly sealed and embedded at the bottom of the sintering furnace 3 in a circumferential direction, a top rod of the hydraulic cylinder I4 penetrates through the graphite copper lining ring into the sintering furnace 3, the top bolt of the hydraulic cylinder I4 is fixed at the bottom of an insulating and heat-insulating support I5, the bottom of a graphite column I6 is embedded in the insulating and heat-insulating support I5, and insulating and heat-insulating support II 12 are made of insulating ceramic;
therefore, by controlling the change valve direction of the electromagnetic directional valve, the oil inlet and outlet directions of the first hydraulic cylinder 4 are changed, and under the uniform distribution of hydraulic oil by the flow distribution and collection valve, the ejector rods of the first hydraulic cylinder 4 which are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction simultaneously stretch, so that the actions of inserting and removing the graphite blank mold ring 9 are realized; in addition, the height of the graphite blank mould ring 9 is set so as to meet the standard state that the depth of the graphite press column I6 inserted into the graphite blank mould ring 9 is in the standard state when the ejector rod of the hydraulic cylinder I4 is retracted to the shortest state.
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, a blank mold mechanism is uniformly arranged in the inner ring direction of the sintering furnace 3, a sealing cover 10 is arranged at the top of the sintering furnace 3, a pressure sensor 11 is uniformly fixed on the sealing cover 10 in a circumferential direction through bolts, a transmission line of the pressure sensor 11 is heat-resistant and penetrates out of the sealing cover 10, the penetrating part is fixedly sealed by plastic steel mud, the transmission line of the pressure sensor 11 is connected with an external computer signal access end through a 485USB transmission, a pressure sensing surface screw of the pressure sensor 11 is fixedly provided with an insulating support bracket II 12, a graphite pressing post II 13 is embedded in the insulating support bracket II 12, when the pushing mechanism drives the sealing cover 10 to be tightly pressed on the top of the sintering furnace 3, the graphite pressing post II 13 is pressed into a graphite blank mold ring 9 to be in a standard state, therefore, when the graphite pressing post I6 is lifted to be in a standard state, and the sealing cover 10 is tightly pressed on the top of the sintering furnace 3, the upward pressure values of the graphite pressing posts II 13 can be monitored in real time, when the pressure value deviation is large, the deviation of the graphite pressing post II is required to be checked, the deviation of the amount of alumina powder added into the graphite blank mold ring 9 is proper, and the superfine alumina powder added into the graphite blank mold ring 9 is properly added or the superfine alumina powder is reduced until the superfine graphite blank values are properly added into the ring values; the blank mold mechanism is used for fixing a sinter in a hot-pressing sintering process, a pulse current generator 17 is fixedly arranged on an inner circumferential uniform bolt of the furnace bottom support 1, output ends of the pulse current generator 17 are respectively connected to the first graphite pressing column 6 and the second graphite pressing column 13 through cables, wherein the outer parts of the cables are fixedly sealed by adopting heat insulation wire sleeves, the positions of the cables, which penetrate through the supporting cover 2, are fixedly sealed by adopting plastic steel mud, the positions of the cables, which penetrate through the sintering furnace 3, are also fixedly sealed by adopting plastic steel mud, the residual length of the cables, which are connected with the first graphite pressing column 6, in the sintering furnace 3 is equal to that the first graphite pressing column 6 can normally lift out of the graphite blank mold ring 9, and the residual length, which is connected with the second graphite pressing column 13, in the sintering furnace 3 is equal to that the second graphite pressing column 13 can normally deviate from the sintering furnace 3.
The sintering furnace 3 is also provided with an atmosphere changing mechanism for changing the sintering atmosphere of the sintering furnace 3; the atmosphere change mechanism is used for introducing argon into the sintering furnace 3 in the process of vacuumizing the sintering furnace 3 in the plasma sintering treatment process, so that the superfine alumina powder is subjected to atmosphere protection.
Referring to fig. 2, 3 and 4, an electric vortex heater 20 is fixedly embedded in the sintering furnace 3 and located at the upper part of the blank mold mechanism, a power line of the electric vortex heater 20 is connected with a main power output end of an external power regulator, the main power input end of the power regulator is connected with an external power supply, a temperature sensor is arranged at the central position of a vibration plate 801, the temperature sensor except a temperature sensing surface is fixedly sealed at other parts by adopting a heat insulation ceramic layer, a transmission line of the temperature sensor is sleeved into a heat insulation sleeve and penetrates out of the sintering furnace 3 to be connected with a signal access end of the external temperature measuring instrument, a position of the transmission line of the temperature sensor penetrating through the sintering furnace 3 is fixedly sealed by adopting plastic steel mud, and a signal output end of the temperature measuring instrument is connected with a signal input end of the power regulator by virtue of the transmission line, so that the heating temperature of the electric vortex heater 20 can be monitored in real time, and the heating temperature of the electric vortex heater 20 can be slowly reduced according to actual conditions, and the aim of slow heating and slow cooling can be achieved; the rear part of the supporting cover 2 is also provided with a pushing mechanism for driving the sealing cover 10 to seal the sintering furnace 3 and the sealing cover 10 to move upwards, and a vibration mechanism for vibrating and moving the pre-sintered part ejected from the blank mold mechanism through the graphite pressing column I6 to the middle area in the electric vortex heater 20 is arranged between the blank mold mechanisms.
Referring to fig. 2 and 4, the blank mold mechanism comprises a supporting rod 7 which is uniformly embedded and fixed on the inner wall of the sintering furnace 3 in a circumferential direction, a protective frame 8 is uniformly arranged on the supporting rod 7, the supporting rod 7 and the protective frame 8 are integrally made of insulating and heat-insulating ceramic, and a graphite blank mold ring 9 is fixedly embedded in the protective frame 8.
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, the atmosphere changing mechanism comprises an exhaust ring cover 14 which is fixed in the sintering furnace 3 by bolts and is positioned at the lower part of the supporting rod 7, the exhaust ring cover 14 is a ring cover with an annular opening on the inner wall, a calandria is fixedly arranged at the lower part of the left side of the sintering furnace 3 in a sealing way and is communicated with the exhaust ring cover 14, the left end of the calandria is connected with the air suction end of the air extractor 15 by adopting a screw connection, the air exhaust end of the air extractor 15 is connected with the exhaust pipe 16 by adopting a screw connection, and the air extractor 15 is provided with a built-in one-way valve at the air suction end;
when the air extractor 15 is operated, the sintering furnace 3 can be vacuumized, and whether the vacuumizing is finished is determined by observing the pressure value displayed by the pressure gauge on the air extractor 15.
The upper part of the right side of the sintering furnace 3 is fixedly sealed with an inlet pipe, the right end of the inlet pipe is connected with the exhaust end of the one-way valve 18 by adopting a wire, the air inlet end of the one-way valve 18 is screwed with a connecting pipe 19, and the connecting pipe is connected with an external argon pressurizing machine.
And (3) under the operation of an argon pressurizing machine, the original vacuumized sintering furnace 3 is filled with argon to form a sintering inert gas protection.
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, the pushing mechanism comprises a second hydraulic cylinder 21 fixed at the rear part of the supporting cover 2 by bolts, a push rod of the second hydraulic cylinder 21 is fixed at the rear bottom of the top plate 22 by bolts, a connecting column 23 is fixed at the front part of the top plate 22 by bolts, the connecting column 23 is fixed on the sealing cover 10 by bolts, and the connecting column 23 is made of heat-insulating ceramics;
the liquid inlet and outlet end of the second hydraulic cylinder 21 is connected with the liquid inlet and outlet end of one side of the external electromagnetic directional valve II through a pressure oil pipe, and the liquid inlet and outlet end of the other side of the electromagnetic directional valve II is connected with the external pressure pump II;
when the second electromagnetic reversing valve is controlled to change the valve direction, the liquid inlet and outlet directions of the second hydraulic cylinder 21 are changed, so that the ejector rod of the second hydraulic cylinder 21 is extended or retracted, and the sealing cover 10 is driven to move upwards or downwards; in addition, when the jack of the second hydraulic cylinder 21 is retracted to the shortest state, the cover 10 is pressed against the top of the sintering furnace 3.
And the controlled wiring terminals of the first electromagnetic directional valve and the second electromagnetic directional valve can be connected with the control input terminal of the peripheral PLC through cables respectively, so that the peripheral PLC can be used for carrying out directional adjustment on the first electromagnetic directional valve and the second electromagnetic directional valve.
Referring to fig. 2, the outer edge of the bottom of the sealing cover 10 is provided with a ring groove, the inner top of the ring groove is integrally provided with a compression ring, the top of the sintering furnace 3 adopts a heat-resistant adhesive sealing ring, the sealing ring is an asbestos packing ring, and the sealing ring is inserted into the ring groove and compressed by the compression ring.
When the ejector rod of the second hydraulic cylinder 21 is retracted to the shortest state, the annular groove at the bottom of the sealing cover 10 is sleeved into the top of the sintering furnace 3, the top of the sintering furnace 3 is pressed against the bottom of the sealing ring, and the pressing ring in the annular groove is pressed into the sealing ring, so that good sealing performance is ensured, conditions are provided for vacuumizing in the sintering furnace 3, and when the ejector rod of the second hydraulic cylinder 21 is extended to the highest state, the second graphite pressing column 13 can be separated from the sintering furnace 3.
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, a spool 24 for penetrating the spool into the furnace bottom support 1 is arranged at the bottom of the furnace bottom support 1, the spool 24 penetrates out of the ground, and is used for penetrating a cable connected with a lower pile of a branch breaker in an external power supply control box and connected with a main power supply access end of the pulse current generator 17, and is also used for penetrating a pressure oil pipe connected with two electromagnetic reversing valves, so that a pipeline and a circuit are laid from the ground, and the pipeline and the circuit are protected more favorably.
Referring to fig. 2 and 4, the vibration moving mechanism comprises a vibration moving plate 801 clamped and fixed on a protective frame 8, an annular groove is arranged on the outer wall of the protective frame 8, screws are fixed on the upper surface of the protective frame 8 at the opening of the vibration moving plate 801, the vibration moving plate 801 is made of tungsten steel, the thickness of the bottom of the vibration moving plate is 1 millimeter, the inclined angle from the outer edge to the center of the vibration moving plate 801 is 4 degrees, the upper surface of the vibration moving plate 801 is subjected to fine polishing treatment, and the upper surface of the vibration moving plate 801 is leveled with the bottom surface of a surrounding heating area of an electric vortex heater 20; therefore, the arrangement is favorable to shaking the plate 801 and shaking down, the sintered body of the high alumina alloy ceramic substrate shakes and moves to the center of the plate 801 to be close to shaking, thus the electric vortex heater 20 heats the sintered body of the high alumina alloy ceramic substrate slowly and fully, the outer edge of the plate 801 is integrally provided with the baffle ring 802, the baffle ring 802 is arranged to prevent the sintered body of the high alumina alloy ceramic substrate from shaking down from the edge of the baffle ring 802, the baffle 803 is integrally arranged at the position on the plate 801 and between the adjacent frames 8, the baffle 803 is arranged for the purpose that the sintered body of the high alumina alloy ceramic substrate moves on the plate 801, the sintered body of the high alumina alloy ceramic substrate plays a guiding role, and can play a role in blocking the sintered bodies of the high alumina alloy ceramic substrate from contacting each other and forming a nodular cast together, the inner bottom bolt of the furnace bottom support 1 is fixedly provided with the vibrator 804, the vibrator 804 is a vertical micro-vibration amplitude vibrator, a power line of the vibrator 804 passes through the wire and is connected with a lower wiring pile of the branch breaker in a power control box, the vibration guide rod 805 is provided with a graphite vibration guide rod 805, the vibration guide rod is also arranged at the bottom of the vibration guide rod 805, and a graphite vibration guide rod is also capable of being inserted into the vibration guide rod 805, and a vibration guide rod is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the vibration guide rod 805 of the vibration guide rod is capable of the vibration guide rod is provided with a vibration guide rod 805, and a vibration guide rod is capable of a vibration guide rod is inserted into a vibration guide rod 805.
Therefore, under the high-frequency vertical micro-vibration action of the vibrator 804, the vibration plate 801 is subjected to high-frequency micro-vibration, so that the sintered body of the high-alumina ceramic substrate is quickly vibrated to the heating center of the electric vortex heater 20, and in addition, the bottom surface of the sintered body of the high-alumina ceramic substrate is in a state of being in high-frequency contact with and separated from the vibration plate 801 under the high-frequency micro-vibration, and under the condition, the bottom of the sintered body of the high-alumina ceramic substrate is more favorably heated, so that the slow heating process is more effective.
The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: when in use, the ejector rod of the second hydraulic cylinder 21 is operated to extend to drive the sealing cover 10 to move upwards, so as to drive the second graphite pressing column 13 to move upwards, superfine alumina powder is added into the graphite blank mould ring 9 in an equal amount, then the ejector rod of the second hydraulic cylinder 21 is operated to retract until the standard state of the ejector rod of the second graphite pressing column 13 is inserted into the graphite blank mould ring 9, the sealing cover 10 covers the upper port of the sintering furnace 3, the atmosphere conversion mechanism is started to discharge air in the sintering furnace 3 and replace the air into argon protective atmosphere, the ejector rod of the first hydraulic cylinder 4 is operated to extend to drive the first graphite pressing column 6 to press superfine alumina powder in the graphite blank mould ring 9 until the pressure value uploaded by the pressure sensor reaches a required value, then the pulse current generator 17 is started to realize the rapid sintering of the superfine alumina powder in the graphite blank mould ring 9 to form a superfine alumina ceramic sintered product, the pulse current generator 17 is stopped, the ejector rod of the hydraulic cylinder II 21 is operated to extend to drive the sealing cover 10 to move upwards, the atmosphere changing mechanism is stopped to operate, the ejector rod of the hydraulic cylinder I4 is operated to extend, the superfine alumina ceramic sintered product is ejected out of the graphite blank mold ring 9 through the graphite pressing column I6, the vibrator 804 is started, the superfine alumina ceramic sintered product is pushed onto the vibration plate 801 through the heat insulation deflector rod, the vibration plate 801 is subjected to high-frequency micro-vibration under the high-frequency vertical micro-vibration action of the vibrator 804, the high-alumina ceramic substrate sintered product is rapidly vibrated to the heating center of the electric vortex heater 20, in addition, the bottom surface of the high-frequency contact and separation from the vibration plate 801 can be formed under the high-frequency micro-vibration of the high-alumina ceramic substrate sintered product, under the condition, the bottom of the high-alumina ceramic substrate sintered product is heated more favorably, the slow heating process is more effective, in this process, the heating temperature of the electric vortex heater 20 can be slowly reduced, and the heating of the high alumina ceramic substrate is stopped until the cooling is completed.
After the SPS sintering molding, the sintering furnace 3 is directly heated slowly, so that the high alumina ceramic substrate sintered body is ensured to be cooled effectively in a slow state, and the condition that the cooling speed is too high, and the molten substances in the high alumina ceramic substrate are solidified to form gaps is effectively reduced.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A ceramic part sintering furnace, characterized in that: the device comprises a furnace bottom support (1) preset underground, wherein a support cover (2) is arranged at the top of the furnace bottom support (1), a sintering furnace (3) is arranged on the support cover (2), a first hydraulic cylinder (4) is uniformly arranged at the bottom of the sintering furnace (3) in a circumferential direction, a push rod of the first hydraulic cylinder (4) penetrates into the sintering furnace (3) and a first graphite compression column (6) is fixed at the top of the push rod of the first hydraulic cylinder (4) through an insulating and heat-insulating support (5);
the sintering furnace is characterized in that a blank mold mechanism is uniformly arranged in the inner circumferential direction of the sintering furnace (3), a sealing cover (10) is arranged at the top of the sintering furnace (3), a pressure sensor (11) is uniformly arranged on the sealing cover (10) in the circumferential direction, a graphite pressing column II (13) is fixedly arranged on a pressure sensing surface of the pressure sensor (11) through an insulating and heat-insulating support II (12), the blank mold mechanism is used for fixing a sintered object in the hot-pressing sintering process, a pulse current generator (17) is arranged in the furnace bottom support (1), the output end of the pulse current generator (17) is respectively connected to a graphite pressing column I (6) and a graphite pressing column II (13) through cables, and an atmosphere conversion mechanism for converting the sintering atmosphere of the sintering furnace (3) is further arranged on the sintering furnace (3);
the sintering furnace is characterized in that an eddy current heater (20) is arranged at the upper part of the blank mold mechanism in the sintering furnace (3), a pushing mechanism for driving the sealing cover (10) to seal the sintering furnace (3) and the sealing cover (10) to move upwards is further arranged at the rear part of the supporting cover (2), and a vibration moving mechanism for vibrating and moving a pre-sintered piece ejected from the blank mold mechanism through a graphite pressing column I (6) to the middle area in the eddy current heater (20) is arranged between the blank mold mechanisms.
2. A ceramic part sintering furnace according to claim 1, wherein: the blank mold mechanism comprises supporting rods (7) which are uniformly connected to the inner wall of the sintering furnace (3) in a circumferential direction, protective frames (8) are arranged on the supporting rods (7), and graphite blank mold rings (9) are arranged in the protective frames (8).
3. A ceramic part sintering furnace according to claim 2, wherein: the atmosphere changing mechanism comprises an exhaust ring cover (14) which is arranged in the sintering furnace (3) and positioned at the lower part of the supporting rod (7), one side of the sintering furnace (3) is provided with a calandria, the calandria is communicated with the exhaust ring cover (14), one end of the calandria is connected with an air extractor (15), and the exhaust end of the air extractor (15) is connected with an exhaust pipe (16);
the other side of the sintering furnace (3) is provided with a feeding pipe, one end of the feeding pipe is connected with a one-way valve (18), and the air inlet end of the one-way valve (18) is connected with external inert gas pressurizing equipment through a connecting pipe (19).
4. A ceramic part sintering furnace according to claim 1, wherein: the pushing mechanism comprises a second hydraulic cylinder (21) arranged at the rear part of the supporting cover (2), a top plate (22) is connected with a top rod of the second hydraulic cylinder (21), and the front part of the top plate (22) is connected to the sealing cover (10) through a connecting column (23).
5. A ceramic part sintering furnace according to claim 1, wherein: the outer edge of the bottom of the sealing cover (10) is provided with a ring groove, the inner top of the ring groove is provided with a compression ring, the top of the sintering furnace (3) is provided with a sealing ring, and the sealing ring is inserted into the ring groove and compressed by the compression ring.
6. A ceramic part sintering furnace according to claim 1, wherein: the bottom of the furnace bottom support (1) is provided with a wire tube (24) used for penetrating the wire tube into the furnace bottom support (1).
7. A ceramic part sintering furnace according to claim 2, wherein: the vibration mechanism comprises a vibration plate (801) arranged on a protective frame (8), a baffle ring (802) is arranged on the outer edge of the vibration plate (801), a baffle plate (803) is arranged on the vibration plate (801) and positioned between adjacent protective frames (8), a vibrator (804) is arranged at the inner bottom of the furnace bottom support (1), a vibration transmission rod (805) is connected with a vibration guide surface of the vibrator (804), and the vibration transmission rod (805) penetrates through the bottom of the sintering furnace (3) and is connected to the bottom of the vibration plate (801).
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