CN116658580A - Two-gear speed reducer and wheel drive system with same - Google Patents

Two-gear speed reducer and wheel drive system with same Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116658580A
CN116658580A CN202310614191.XA CN202310614191A CN116658580A CN 116658580 A CN116658580 A CN 116658580A CN 202310614191 A CN202310614191 A CN 202310614191A CN 116658580 A CN116658580 A CN 116658580A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
gear
speed reducer
planetary
shaft
synchronizer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202310614191.XA
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李振阳
程旭东
杨凡
王习文
朱丽丹
唐廷宇
关坤
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Zhixin Technology Co Ltd
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Zhixin Technology Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Zhixin Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Zhixin Technology Co Ltd
Priority to CN202310614191.XA priority Critical patent/CN116658580A/en
Publication of CN116658580A publication Critical patent/CN116658580A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H3/00Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/04Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
    • B60K17/043Transmission unit disposed in on near the vehicle wheel, or between the differential gear unit and the wheel
    • B60K17/046Transmission unit disposed in on near the vehicle wheel, or between the differential gear unit and the wheel with planetary gearing having orbital motion
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/04Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
    • B60K17/06Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing of change-speed gearing
    • B60K17/08Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing of change-speed gearing of mechanical type

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a two-gear speed reducer and a wheel-side driving system with the same, comprising an input shaft, a transmission shaft, a planetary row and an output shaft, wherein the planetary row comprises a first planetary wheel, a second planetary wheel, a sun wheel, an inner gear ring and a planetary frame; the input shaft is provided with a synchronous rotation synchronizer, the input shafts on two sides of the synchronizer are respectively provided with a first duplex gear and a second duplex gear in a rotating mode, the first duplex gear comprises a first gear and a second gear close to the synchronizer, and the second duplex gear comprises a third gear close to the synchronizer and a sun gear; a fourth gear which synchronously rotates and a second planet gear which synchronously rotates are arranged on the transmission shaft, and the fourth gear is meshed with the first gear; the output shaft is fixed on the inner gear ring and is coaxially arranged with the inner gear ring. The optimal two-gear speed ratio difference strategy can be provided according to the whole vehicle requirement, and the whole vehicle matching difficulty is low; and the design and manufacture are easy, the input shaft and the output shaft are not coaxial, and the space can be effectively utilized.

Description

Two-gear speed reducer and wheel drive system with same
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of speed reducers, in particular to a two-gear speed reducer and a wheel driving system with the same.
Background
When the existing two-gear speed reducer of the electric automobile adopts a planetary gear structure, a planet carrier is usually used as output, and a sun wheel is used as input. The speed ratio of the planetary row in the first gear is as follows: 1+the number of teeth of the gear ring/the number of teeth of the sun gear, from the structural design, the smaller value design of the number of teeth of the gear ring/the number of teeth of the sun gear will lead to larger size of the sun gear relative to the gear ring, which is unfavorable for the structural design of the planet row, so the actual value is usually larger than 3; and the planetary row is usually driven by a speed ratio of 1 in the second gear, namely the transmission speed ratio of the planetary row is larger in the difference between the two gears, so that the whole speed reducer taking the planetary row as a main body is caused to have larger difference between the two gears, and the actual vehicle speed is larger in the difference between the two gears, so that the matching difficulty of the whole vehicle is large. In addition, the input and the output must be coaxial, the ground clearance of the motor can not be adjusted, and the whole vehicle space is not easy to adapt.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a two-gear speed reducer and a wheel driving system with the same, which can enable the two-gear transmission speed ratio of the speed reducer to have smaller phase difference, and the input and the output are not coaxial, so that the spatial arrangement is easy.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a two-gear speed reducer, which comprises an input shaft, a transmission shaft, a planetary row and an output shaft, wherein the input shaft, the transmission shaft and the output shaft are arranged in parallel;
the planetary row comprises a first planetary gear, a second planetary gear, a sun gear, an inner gear ring and a planetary carrier, wherein in the planetary row, the sun gear is a power input gear in a first gear, the second planetary gear is a power input gear in a second gear, and the inner gear ring is an output component in the first gear and the second gear;
the input shaft is provided with a synchronous rotation synchronizer, the input shafts on two sides of the synchronizer are respectively provided with a first duplex gear and a second duplex gear in a rotation mode, the first duplex gear comprises a first gear and a second gear which is close to the synchronizer, and the second duplex gear comprises a third gear which is close to the synchronizer and a sun gear;
a fourth gear which synchronously rotates and the second planet gear which synchronously rotates are arranged on the transmission shaft, and the fourth gear is meshed with the first gear;
the output shaft is fixed to the ring gear and is arranged coaxially with the ring gear.
In the two-gear speed reducer, the sun gear or the second planet gear is driven through the input shaft, and is used as two input driving paths of the planet row, and the two input driving paths are output through the annular gear, and respectively correspond to two gears, wherein the gear speed ratio of the planet row is driven by the second planet gear, and can be arbitrarily adjusted through the meshing transmission ratio of the first gear and the fourth gear, so that an optimal two-gear speed ratio difference strategy can be provided according to the whole vehicle requirement, and the whole vehicle matching difficulty is low; in addition, the planetary row is not influenced in the adjusting process, the influence on the whole speed reducer is small, and the design and the manufacture are easy. In addition, the input shaft and the output shaft are not coaxial, so that the space can be effectively utilized, and the whole vehicle is easy to arrange in space. The speed of the vehicle in second gear is higher.
Further, the number of the first planetary gears is two, the two first planetary gears are arranged on one side, far away from the second planetary gear, of the sun gear, and the two first planetary gears are symmetrically arranged on two sides of a plane p, wherein the plane p is a plane where the axis of the second planetary gear and the axis of the sun gear are located.
The power is split through the two first planet gears, so that the first planet gears can be smaller, space and cost are saved, the three planet gears can provide radial support for the sun gear, the stability of the structure is guaranteed, and the service life and NVH performance are improved.
Further, the included angle between the plane p and the plane p is 80-120 degrees, wherein the plane p is a plane where the first planet wheel axis and the sun wheel axis are located; the plane p is the plane where the other first planet axis and the sun axis are located.
Further, the input shaft, the transmission shaft and the output shaft are coplanar, and the output shaft is arranged between the input shaft and the transmission shaft. The input shaft is not coaxial with the output shaft, and the input shaft can be arranged to be higher, so that the input shaft has a higher ground clearance, and the requirement of wheel-side driving space arrangement is met.
Further, the pitch diameter of the second planet is larger than the pitch diameter of the first planet. Preferably, the pitch diameter of the second planet is greater than the pitch diameter of the sun.
The second planet wheel is designed to be the gear with the largest size in the planet row, so that the input shaft and the output shaft are not coaxial, and the space arrangement requirement is met; in addition, the high-speed gear ratio of the planetary gear can be reduced, and the difference value of the two gear ratios can be reduced.
Further, the two-gear speed reducer further comprises a shell, the shell is fixedly connected with the planet carrier, and the output shaft rotatably penetrates through the shell.
Further, when the two-gear speed reducer is in a first gear, the tooth sleeve of the synchronizer is matched with the third gear; and when the gear is in the second gear, the tooth sleeve of the synchronizer is matched with the second gear.
Further, the speed ratio of the two-gear speed reducer in the second gear is adjusted by adjusting the meshing transmission ratio of the first gear and the fourth gear.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a wheel driving system with the two-gear speed reducer, which comprises a motor for driving the input shaft to rotate and a hub synchronously rotating with the output shaft.
The wheel side driving system has all the advantages of the two-gear driver, can provide an optimal two-gear speed ratio difference strategy according to the whole vehicle requirement, and has low matching difficulty of the whole vehicle; the design and the manufacture are easy; the space can be effectively utilized, and the whole vehicle is easy to arrange in space.
In summary, by adopting the two-gear speed reducer and the wheel driving system with the same, the two-gear transmission speed ratio of the speed reducer has smaller phase difference, and the input and the output are not coaxial, so that the spatial arrangement is easy.
Drawings
In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a two-speed reduction gear of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a diagram of a planetary gear set gear structure of the two-speed reducer of the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate: 1. an input shaft; 2. a transmission shaft; 31. a first planet; 32. a second planet wheel; 33. a sun gear; 34. an inner gear ring; 35. a planet carrier; 4. an output shaft; 5. a synchronizer; 6. a first double gear; 61. a first gear; 62. a second gear; 7. a second duplex gear; 71. a third gear; 8. a fourth gear; 91. a motor; 92. a hub; 93. a housing.
Detailed Description
The following describes the embodiments of the present invention further with reference to the drawings. The description of these embodiments is provided to assist understanding of the present invention, but is not intended to limit the present invention.
Fig. 1 shows a two-gear speed reducer of the present invention, which is mainly used in a transmission system of an electric automobile. As shown in fig. 1, the two-speed reducer includes an input shaft 1, a transmission shaft 2, a planetary row and an output shaft 4, the input shaft 1, the transmission shaft 2 and the output shaft 4 are arranged in parallel, the planetary row includes a first planetary gear 31, a second planetary gear 32, a sun gear 33, an inner gear ring 34 and a planet carrier 35, in the planetary row, the sun gear 33 is a power input gear in a first gear, the second planetary gear 32 is a power input gear in a second gear, and the inner gear ring 34 is an output member in the first gear and the second gear. The input shaft 1 is provided with a synchronous rotation synchronizer 5, the input shafts 1 on two sides of the synchronizer 5 are respectively provided with a first duplex gear 6 and a second duplex gear 7 in a rotating mode, the first duplex gear 6 comprises a first gear 61 and a second gear 62 close to the synchronizer 5, and the second duplex gear 7 comprises a third gear 71 and a sun gear 33 close to the synchronizer 5. The transmission shaft 2 is provided with a fourth gear 8 which rotates synchronously and a second planet wheel 32 which rotates synchronously, and the fourth gear 8 is meshed with the first gear 61. The output shaft 4 is fixed to the ring gear 34 and is arranged coaxially with the ring gear 34.
The first duplex gear 6 and the second duplex gear 7 are of an integrated gear structure, and the axial distance can be effectively reduced.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 2, there are two first planetary gears 31, which are disposed on one side of the sun gear 33 away from the second planetary gear 32, and the two first planetary gears 31 are symmetrically disposed on two sides of a plane p1, where the plane p1 is a plane where the axis of the second planetary gear 32 and the axis of the sun gear 33 are located.
The included angle between the plane p2 and the plane p3 is 80-120 degrees, and optimally 90 degrees, wherein the plane p2 is a plane where the axis of the first planet wheel 31 and the axis of the sun wheel 33 are located; the plane p3 is a plane where the axis of the other first planet wheel 31 and the axis of the sun wheel 33 are located.
The two first planet gears 31 split power, so that the first planet gears 31 can be smaller, space and cost are saved, and the three planet gears can provide radial support for the sun gear 33, so that stable structure is ensured, and service life and NVH performance are improved.
Alternatively, the input shaft 1, the drive shaft 2 and the output shaft 4 are coplanar, and the output shaft 4 is provided between the input shaft 1 and the drive shaft 2.
The input shaft 1 and the output shaft 4 are not coaxial, and the input shaft 1 can be arranged higher, so that the input shaft 1 has higher ground clearance, and the requirement of wheel-side driving space arrangement is met.
Optionally, the pitch diameter of the second planet 32 is larger than the pitch diameter of the first planet 31. Meanwhile, the pitch diameter of the second planetary gear 32 is larger than that of the sun gear 33. By designing the second planetary gear 32 as the gear with the largest size in the planetary row, the input shaft 1 and the output shaft 4 can be not coaxial, so that the space arrangement requirement is met; in addition, the high-speed gear ratio of the planetary gear can be reduced, and the difference value of the two gear ratios can be reduced.
Optionally, the two-gear speed reducer further includes a housing 93, the housing 93 is fixedly connected with the planet carrier 35, the output shaft 4 rotatably penetrates through the housing 93, and the housing 93 is fixed.
Setting: speed ratio i1=ring gear 34 teeth number/sun gear 33 teeth number;
speed ratio i2=fourth gear 8 teeth number/first gear 61 teeth number;
the speed ratio i3=the number of teeth of the ring gear 34/the number of teeth of the second planetary gear 32.
Alternatively, (1) the sleeve of the synchronizer 5 is engaged with the third gear 71 when the two-speed reducer is in first-speed.
The motor 91 inputs the torque T and transmits it to the third gear 71 and the sun gear 33 via the synchronizer 5, and the two first planetary gears 31 share the power from the sun gear 33, each accounting for 50%. During transmission, a certain radial force is applied to the sun gear 33 by the two first planetary gears 31, and the second planetary gears 32 mainly provide radial support, so that the structural stability is ensured, and the service life and NVH performance are improved. At this time, the first gear 61 and the fourth gear 8 idle, and the speed ratio of the entire reduction gear is i1.
(2) When the two-gear speed reducer is in the second gear, the gear sleeve of the synchronizer 5 is matched with the second gear 62.
The motor 91 inputs torque T, and transmits the torque T to the second gear 62 and the first gear 61 through the synchronizer 5, the first gear 61 is meshed with the fourth gear 8, the fourth gear 8 and the second planetary gear 32 are in a long connection state, power is transmitted to the inner gear ring 34 through the second planetary gear 32, and during transmission, the sun gear 33 and the first planetary gear 31 mainly provide radial support. The speed ratio of the whole speed reducer is as follows: i2×i3.
In the second gear transmission, the radial force of the first gear 61 and the radial force of the fourth gear 8 are opposite in direction, the radial force of the first gear 61 is transmitted to the annular gear 34 through the sun gear 33 and the first planet gear 31, the fourth gear 8 is transmitted to the annular gear 34 through the second planet gear 32, and finally the balance is achieved on the annular gear 34, so that the structure allows the assembly of the transmission shaft 2 and the planet carrier 35 to use the ball bearing.
The speed ratio of the two-gear speed reducer in the second gear is adjusted by adjusting the meshing transmission ratio of the first gear 61 and the fourth gear 8, so that the speed ratio can be adjusted to a required value according to the whole vehicle requirement, and an optimal two-gear speed ratio difference strategy is provided, and the matching difficulty of the whole vehicle is low; in addition, the planetary row is not influenced in the adjusting process, the influence on the whole speed reducer is small, and the design and the manufacture are easy.
In use, the first gear 61 and the fourth gear 8 are in a long meshed state; the sun gear 33 and the first planet gear 31 are in a long meshing state, and the first planet gear 31 has two identical structures and parameters; the fourth gear 8 and the second planet gear 32 are restrained on the transmission shaft 2, and no relative rotation exists; the motor 91 is a power input; the synchronizer 5 is a gear shifting mechanism; the output shaft 4 is connected with the hub 92 for power output. The first duplex gear 6, the second duplex gear 7 and the first planet gear 31 are respectively and rotatably arranged on corresponding shafts through needle bearings; the planet carrier 35 is in rotary supporting connection with the input shaft 1 and the transmission shaft 2 through ball bearings respectively; the housing 93 rotatably supports the output shaft 4 by a pair of tapered roller bearings which are stiffer than other types of bearings, and which can reduce transmission of deformation due to the weight of the vehicle to the transmission gear. The planet carrier 35 is fixed to the housing 93, and the housing 93 is fixed.
The invention relates to a wheel driving system with the two-gear speed reducer. The wheel drive system comprises a motor 91 for driving the input shaft 1 to rotate and a hub 92 for rotating synchronously with the output shaft 4.
Optionally, the pitch diameter of the second planet 32 is larger than the pitch diameter of the first planet 31.
When the novel wheel rim driving device is used, the input shaft 1 and the output shaft 4 are not coaxial, the input shaft 1 is arranged to be higher, so that the input shaft 1 has a higher ground clearance, and the requirement of wheel rim driving space arrangement is met.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the scope of protection thereof, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, or equivalents may be made to the particular embodiments of the invention by those skilled in the art after reading the present disclosure, but such changes, modifications, or equivalents are within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. The two-gear speed reducer is characterized by comprising an input shaft (1), a transmission shaft (2), a planetary row and an output shaft (4), wherein the input shaft (1), the transmission shaft (2) and the output shaft (4) are arranged in parallel;
the planetary row comprises a first planetary gear (31), a second planetary gear (32), a sun gear (33), an annular gear (34) and a planet carrier (35), wherein in the planetary row, the sun gear (33) is a power input gear in a first gear, the second planetary gear (32) is a power input gear in a second gear, and the annular gear (34) is an output component in the first gear and the second gear;
a synchronizer (5) capable of synchronously rotating is arranged on the input shaft (1), a first duplex gear (6) and a second duplex gear (7) are respectively arranged on the input shaft (1) at two sides of the synchronizer (5) in a rotating mode, the first duplex gear (6) comprises a first gear (61) and a second gear (62) close to the synchronizer (5), and the second duplex gear (7) comprises a third gear (71) close to the synchronizer (5) and a sun gear (33);
a fourth gear (8) which synchronously rotates and the second planet wheel (32) which synchronously rotates are arranged on the transmission shaft (2), and the fourth gear (8) is meshed with the first gear (61);
the output shaft (4) is fixed on the annular gear (34) and is coaxially arranged with the annular gear (34).
2. A two-speed reducer according to claim 1, wherein the total of two first planetary gears (31) are arranged on one side of the sun gear (33) away from the second planetary gear (32), and the two first planetary gears (31) are symmetrically arranged on two sides of a plane p1, wherein the plane p1 is a plane where the axes of the second planetary gear (32) and the sun gear (33) are located.
3. A two-speed reducer according to claim 2, characterized in that the angle between the plane p2 and the plane p3 is 80 ° to 120 °, wherein the plane p2 is the plane in which the axis of the first planet (31) and the axis of the sun wheel (33) are located; the plane p3 is the plane where the axis of the other first planet wheel (31) and the axis of the sun wheel (33) are located.
4. A two speed reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that the input shaft (1), the drive shaft (2) and the output shaft (4) are coplanar, and the output shaft (4) is arranged between the input shaft (1) and the drive shaft (2).
5. A two-speed reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that the pitch diameter of the second planet (32) is greater than the pitch diameter of the first planet (31).
6. A two-speed reducer according to claim 5, characterized in that the pitch diameter of the second planet wheel (32) is greater than the pitch diameter of the sun wheel (33).
7. A two speed reducer according to claim 1, further comprising a housing (93), said housing (93) being fixedly connected to said planet carrier (35), said output shaft (4) being rotatable through said housing (93).
8. A two-speed reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that, when it is in first gear, the toothed sleeve of the synchronizer (5) cooperates with the third gear (71); in the second gear, the tooth sleeve of the synchronizer (5) is matched with the second gear (62).
9. A two-speed reducer according to claim 8, characterized in that the ratio in the second gear of the two-speed reducer is adjusted by adjusting the meshing transmission ratio of the first gear (61) and the fourth gear (8).
10. A wheel-side drive system with a two-speed reducer according to any of claims 1-9, characterized by comprising a motor (91) for driving the rotation of the input shaft (1) and a hub (92) rotating synchronously with the output shaft (4).
CN202310614191.XA 2023-05-29 2023-05-29 Two-gear speed reducer and wheel drive system with same Pending CN116658580A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202310614191.XA CN116658580A (en) 2023-05-29 2023-05-29 Two-gear speed reducer and wheel drive system with same

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202310614191.XA CN116658580A (en) 2023-05-29 2023-05-29 Two-gear speed reducer and wheel drive system with same

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN116658580A true CN116658580A (en) 2023-08-29

Family

ID=87714737

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202310614191.XA Pending CN116658580A (en) 2023-05-29 2023-05-29 Two-gear speed reducer and wheel drive system with same

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN116658580A (en)

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