CN116653375A - Lightweight ablation-resistant layered bimetal composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Lightweight ablation-resistant layered bimetal composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN116653375A
CN116653375A CN202310580675.7A CN202310580675A CN116653375A CN 116653375 A CN116653375 A CN 116653375A CN 202310580675 A CN202310580675 A CN 202310580675A CN 116653375 A CN116653375 A CN 116653375A
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ablation
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袁飞
曹宇
胥政
何维均
李俊杰
甘萍
谭莉
蒋斌
陈泽军
董志华
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Chongqing University
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/01—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/02—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating by means of a press ; Diffusion bonding
    • B23K20/023—Thermo-compression bonding
    • B23K20/026—Thermo-compression bonding with diffusion of soldering material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/24—Preliminary treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/26—Auxiliary equipment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/10—Interconnection of layers at least one layer having inter-reactive properties
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C14/00—Alloys based on titanium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/306—Resistant to heat
    • B32B2307/3065—Flame resistant or retardant, fire resistant or retardant
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/558—Impact strength, toughness
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/714—Inert, i.e. inert to chemical degradation, corrosion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/718—Weight, e.g. weight per square meter
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/72—Density

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a lightweight ablation-resistant layered bimetal composite material which comprises 1mm of ablation-resistant layer YG hard alloy, a middle transition layer nickel foil and 4mm of quality-reducing layer TA15 titanium alloy, wherein metallurgical bonding between the TA15 titanium alloy and the YG hard alloy is realized through a vacuum diffusion welding process. According to the invention, through compounding YG series hard alloy and TA15 titanium alloy, the ablation resistant layer of the 1mm thick hard alloy is sufficient for effectively providing excellent ablation resistance for a long time by matching specific thicknesses of all layers, and the 4mm thick titanium alloy quality reducing layer ensures that the furnace has good strength, toughness, plasticity and corrosion resistance, and simultaneously, the whole furnace has lower density, and the light-weight requirement of incinerator materials can be met after vacuum diffusion welding.

Description

Lightweight ablation-resistant layered bimetal composite material and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of alloys, in particular to a lightweight ablation-resistant layered bimetal composite material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The composite material is a structural material composed of materials with different properties, and the combination can not only keep the advantages of single constituent materials, but also overcome the defects of the single constituent materials to a certain extent. Meanwhile, the composite material has the typical characteristics of light weight, high specific strength, high specific modulus, corrosion resistance, fatigue resistance, abrasion resistance, ablation resistance, flexibility in preparation, easiness in processing and the like, and is widely applied to various industrial fields of aviation, aerospace, petroleum, automobiles, ships, military industry and the like. The recent modern research on composite materials reported in the literature starts in the sixties of the twentieth century, and the united states first proposes a production process flow of surface treatment-cold rolling compounding-annealing strengthening, from which the research on composite materials is hot, and the research on composite materials is developed in many countries such as china, japan, france, germany, brazil, india and the like. The layered bimetal composite material is also receiving more and more attention and much attention in academia and industry because of excellent comprehensive mechanical properties and a more convenient preparation method.
Currently, mainstream portableOne of the materials of the garbage incinerator is 18Ni300 martensitic steel, but the service life of the garbage incinerator is still to be improved, the most critical decisive factor of the service life of the garbage incinerator is the ablation resistance, and the hard alloy has excellent ablation resistance, so that the service life of the garbage incinerator can be remarkably improved; however, the small-volume hard alloy garbage incinerator is still convenient to carry due to the small volume, and the medium-large-volume incinerator is as high as 13.4-4.9 g/cm due to the density of the hard alloy 3 Is not easy to carry and carry, and has higher requirements for the weight reduction of the garbage incinerator.
There is therefore a need to devise a lightweight ablation resistant layered bimetallic composite that overcomes the above-described problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a lightweight ablation-resistant layered bimetal composite material and a preparation method thereof.
The invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a lightweight ablation-resistant layered bimetal composite material which comprises an ablation-resistant layer YG hard alloy with the thickness of 1mm, an intermediate transition layer nickel foil and a quality-reducing layer TA15 titanium alloy with the thickness of 4mm, wherein metallurgical bonding between the TA15 titanium alloy and the YG hard alloy is realized through a vacuum diffusion welding process.
TA15 titanium alloy has three main advantages: firstly, the density is small and the strength is high; secondly, the alloy has better high-temperature performance, and compared with two main streams of light alloy, namely magnesium alloy and aluminum alloy, the alloy has outstanding working performance at the high temperature of 600 ℃; thirdly, the material has stronger corrosion resistance, can work in an acidic medium, has better corrosion resistance than stainless steel, and can be used as an outer layer material of the incinerator, so that the incinerator can better adapt to the slightly acidic environment; the YG hard alloy has the characteristics of higher bending strength and toughness and excellent ablation resistance and wear resistance, but has higher density, and the densities of the YG6, YG8, YG15 and YG20 hard alloys are respectively 14.5-14.9g/cm 3 、14.5-14.9g/cm 3 、13.9-14.2g/cm 3 13.4-13.7g/cm 3 This results in a relatively high quality incinerator product, which is difficult to handle and transport.
The cemented carbide used in the invention is YG series cemented carbide, mainly composed of WC and a small amount of Co, the melting points are 2870 ℃ and 1495 ℃ respectively, the waste incineration temperature is 850-1100 ℃, the ablation resistant layer of the 1mm thick cemented carbide is enough to effectively provide excellent ablation resistant performance for a long time by compounding the YG series cemented carbide and TA15 titanium alloy with specific thickness, the 4mm thick titanium alloy quality reducing layer ensures that the furnace has good strength, toughness, plasticity and corrosion resistance, the whole furnace has lower density, the light weight requirement of incinerator materials can be met after vacuum diffusion welding, and in addition, the 4mm thick titanium alloy quality reducing layer is enough to ensure that the furnace can be used better even if the furnace works in a biased acid environment for a long time.
Further, the YG cemented carbide is one of YG6, YG8, YG15 or YG 20.
The specific chemical components of the YG hard alloy are expressed as 6%, 8%, 15% and 20% of binding phase Co by weight percentage, and the rest is carbide tungsten cobalt hard alloy, and the main component is hard phase WC. The high-hardness refractory metal WC particles in the hard alloy provide excellent ablation resistance, the binding phase Co has good wettability to WC, refractory WC hard metal compounds can be tightly bound together, and in addition, the melting point of Co is as high as 1495 ℃, and excellent ablation resistance is provided.
Further, the chemical composition of the TA15 titanium alloy is Ti-6.5Al-2Zr-1Mo-1V, and the TA15 titanium alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 5.5 to 7.1 percent of Al, 1.5 to 2.5 percent of Zr, 0.5 to 2.0 percent of Mo, 0.8 to 2.5 percent of V, less than or equal to 0.25 percent of Fe, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.10 percent of C, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of N, less than or equal to 0.015 percent of H, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of O, and the balance of Ti and impurities.
Further, the TA15 titanium alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 6.0 to 7.1 percent of Al, 2.0 to 2.5 percent of Zr, 1.0 to 2.0 percent of Mo, 1.0 to 2.5 percent of V, less than or equal to 0.20 percent of Fe, less than or equal to 0.10 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.10 percent of C, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of N, less than or equal to 0.015 percent of H, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of O, and the balance of Ti and impurities.
The TA15 titanium alloy is subjected to solid solution strengthening by alpha stable element Al, and neutral element Zr and beta stable element M are addedo and V, the manufacturability can be improved. The alloy belongs to near alpha type titanium alloy with high Al equivalent, so that the alloy not only has good heat resistance and weldability of alpha type titanium alloy, but also has process plasticity close to that of alpha-beta type titanium alloy. The TA15 alloy has moderate room temperature and high temperature strength, good heat stability and welding performance, and the process plasticity is slightly lower than TC4. Furthermore, TA15 has a density of only 4.450g/cm 3 The quality of the composite material can be obviously reduced; the hardness is 225-341 HBS, and the quality of the incinerator is also ensured.
Further, the tin foil is N4 nickel foil (Ni 99.9%, C is less than or equal to 0.02%) or N6 nickel foil (Ni 99.5%, C is less than or equal to 0.15%), has good plastic deformation capability, and can better relieve thermal stress.
Preferably, the N4 nickel foil has lower carbon content and better capability of relieving thermal stability.
Further, the thickness of the nickel foil is 0.003 to 0.2mm, preferably 0.005 to 0.1mm. The thickness is better in welding effect while effectively relieving thermal stress.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the lightweight ablation-resistant layered bimetal composite material, which comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing raw materials: pretreating TA15 titanium alloy, YG hard alloy and nickel foil, and shearing carbon paper and copper foil to the same size as the alloy for standby;
s2, raw material assembly: sequentially stacking the pretreated YG hard alloy, nickel foil and TA15 titanium alloy to form a basic structure group, sequentially stacking a plurality of basic structure groups to form an integral laminated structure, separating each basic structure group by carbon paper, and finally wrapping and fixing the integral laminated structure by using copper foil as a sample;
s3, vacuum diffusion welding: and (3) performing diffusion welding on the sample by using a high-temperature vacuum hot-pressing sintering furnace, performing furnace cooling after the heat preservation in the furnace is finished, and taking out the composite material after cooling to room temperature.
Further, the diffusion temperature of the high-temperature vacuum hot-pressing sintering furnace is 900-980 ℃, the pressure is 10-20 MPa, and the diffusion atmosphere is argon.
Further, the diffusion temperature is preferably 930 to 960 ℃, and the pressure is preferably 12 to 16MPa.
Further, the temperature rising rate in the furnace is 5-15 ℃/min, the heat preservation time is 60-120 min, and the furnace cooling rate is 3-7 ℃/min.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, through compounding YG series hard alloy and TA15 titanium alloy, the ablation resistant layer of the 1mm thick hard alloy is sufficient for effectively providing excellent ablation resistance for a long time by matching specific thicknesses of all layers, and the 4mm thick titanium alloy quality reducing layer ensures that the furnace has good strength, toughness, plasticity and corrosion resistance, and simultaneously, the whole furnace has lower density, and the light-weight requirement of incinerator materials can be met after vacuum diffusion welding.
2. According to the invention, the specific components of the TA15 titanium alloy are regulated and controlled, so that the preferable component interval of the TA15 titanium alloy is searched, and the advantages of light weight and ablation resistance of the composite material are further improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of an oxygen-gas ablation test in accordance with the present invention.
In the figure: 1-a graphite fixture; 2-ablating the material; 3-flame nozzle.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides a lightweight ablation-resistant layered bimetal composite material, which comprises 1mm of ablation-resistant layer YG hard alloy, a middle transition layer nickel foil and 4mm of quality-reducing layer TA15 titanium alloy, wherein metallurgical bonding between the TA15 titanium alloy and the YG hard alloy is realized through a vacuum diffusion welding process.
The preparation method comprises the following specific preparation steps:
(1) Raw material preparation: TA15 titanium alloy, YG series cemented carbide and intermediate transition layer nickel foil.
(1) TA15 titanium alloy: TA15 titanium alloy with different contents is manually polished by using gold hawk board sand paper of No. 120, no. 400, no. 800, no. 1200, no. 1500, no. 2000 and No. 3000 respectively, washed with water and alcohol after polishing, washed to remove surface abrasive particles and stains, and then dried with hot air of a blower. Then, the cotton is dipped with Kroll reagent (V (HF): V (HNO) 3 )：V(H 2 O) =1: 3: 6) And (3) acid washing is carried out, the acid washing is carried out until the surface is slightly grey, and then water washing, alcohol washing and blow-drying are carried out.
(2) YG series cemented carbide: and (3) manually polishing the YG series hard alloy by using SixBoys brand diamond abrasive paper of 300#, 600#, 1200#, 2000# and 3000# respectively until the surface is bright and has no black spots, and then washing with water, washing with alcohol and drying.
(3) Intermediate transition layer nickel foil: the nickel foil is sheared to the same size as the alloy by scissors, ultrasonic cleaning is carried out, and the surface stains are washed by alcohol.
(4) Carbon paper: the carbon paper was sheared to the same size as the alloy using scissors.
(5) Copper foil: the copper foil was sheared to the same width as the alloy using scissors and a length sufficient to wrap the assembled test specimen 3 turns.
(2) And (3) raw material assembly: the three layers are a group, each group is in the same order, each group is separated by carbon paper, diffusion among groups in a vacuum diffusion welding test is prevented from being influenced mutually, and the upper end face and the lower end face of the integral laminated structure are also separated by carbon paper. Finally, the whole laminated material is wrapped by copper foil, and simultaneously, the laminated material is reinforced by two rubber bands.
(3) Vacuum diffusion welding: the CXZT-100-23Y series high temperature vacuum hot pressing sintering furnace is used for carrying out diffusion welding test, the diffusion atmosphere is inert gas argon, and nitrogen cannot be used, because the nitrogen has stable property, but can react with titanium alloy to generate nitride, which is not beneficial to the subsequent test. The test temperature is 900-980 ℃, preferably 930-960 ℃, the test pressure is 10-20 MPa, preferably 12-16 MPa, the test pressure is calculated according to the pressure and the area of the sample by using the formula F=P×S, the temperature of the sample is increased along with the furnace, the temperature increasing rate is 5-15 ℃, the temperature increasing rate is 8-12 ℃, the heat preserving duration is 60-120 min, the heat preserving duration is 70-100 min, furnace cooling is carried out after the heat preserving is finished, the furnace cooling rate is 3-7 ℃, the furnace cooling rate is 4-6 ℃, and the furnace cooling is taken out to the room temperature.
During the test, the rubber band is cut off before the sample is put in, and the whole sample (comprising copper foil) is put in a furnace. Note that the sample height direction is the pressurizing direction; the copper foil is not opened to prevent dislocation of assembled samples and surface contamination of the samples, resulting in failure of diffusion welding.
The following is a description of specific examples:
example 1
The TA15 titanium alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: al=7.0%, zr=2.2%, mo=1.5%, v=1.8%, fe=0.20%, si=0.10%, c=0.10%, n=0.05%, h=0.015%, o=0.15%, the balance being Ti and unavoidable impurities. For convenience of distinction, TA15 titanium alloy in this example was denoted as TA15-1, and was vacuum diffusion welded with YG6, YG8, YG15 and YG20 cemented carbide, respectively, three raw materials of TA15 titanium alloy of 4mm thickness, 0.01mm nickel foil, and YG series cemented carbide of 1mm thickness were prepared according to the procedure, and then assembled, wrapped and reinforced. The test temperature is 900 ℃, the test pressure is 10MPa, the test pressure is 100mm multiplied by 10mm, the test pressure is 100kN, the test sample is heated along with the furnace, the heating rate is 11 ℃, the heat preservation time is 60min, furnace cooling is carried out after the heat preservation is finished, the furnace cooling rate is 6 ℃, and the test sample is taken out after being cooled to the room temperature. The ablation test was performed by cutting an ablation specimen having a dimension Φ24.65mm×8.13 mm. The rectangular parallelepiped having a length and width of 1cm×1cm×0.5cm was cut again, and weighed.
Example 2
The TA15 titanium alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: al=7.1%, zr=2.5%, mo=2.0%, v=2.5%, fe=0.13%, si=0.07%, c=0.10%, n=0.045%, h=0.005%, o=0.125%, the balance being Ti and unavoidable impurities. For convenience of distinction, TA15 titanium alloy in this example was denoted as TA15-2, and was vacuum diffusion welded with YG6, YG8, YG15 and YG20 cemented carbide, respectively, three raw materials of TA15 titanium alloy of 4mm thickness, 0.01mm nickel foil, and YG series cemented carbide of 1mm thickness were prepared according to the procedure, and then assembled, wrapped and reinforced. The test temperature is 940 ℃, the test pressure is 12MPa, the test pressure is 100mm multiplied by 10mm, the test pressure is 120kN, the test sample is heated along with the furnace, the heating rate is 12 ℃, the heat preservation time is 80min, furnace cooling is carried out after the heat preservation is finished, the furnace cooling rate is 5 ℃, and the test sample is taken out after being cooled to room temperature. The ablation test was performed by cutting an ablation specimen having a size of Φ 24.68mm×8.12 mm. The rectangular parallelepiped having a length and width of 1cm×1cm×0.5cm was cut again, and weighed.
Example 3
The TA15 titanium alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: al=6.0%, zr=2.0%, mo=1.0%, v=1.0%, fe=0.11%, si=0.09%, c=0.08%, n=0.05%, h=0.012%, o=0.133%, the balance being Ti and unavoidable impurities. For convenience of distinction, TA15 titanium alloy in this example was denoted as TA15-3, and was vacuum diffusion welded with YG6, YG8, YG15 and YG20 cemented carbide, respectively, three raw materials of TA15 titanium alloy of 4mm thickness, 0.01mm nickel foil, and YG series cemented carbide of 1mm thickness were prepared according to the procedure, and then assembled, wrapped and reinforced. The test temperature is 980 ℃, the test pressure is 16MPa, the test pressure is 100mm multiplied by 10mm, the test pressure is 160kN, the test sample is heated along with the furnace, the heating rate is 8 ℃, the heat preservation time is 100min, furnace cooling is carried out after the heat preservation is finished, the furnace cooling rate is 3 ℃, and the test sample is taken out after being cooled to the room temperature. The ablation test was performed by cutting an ablation specimen having a dimension Φ24.65mm×8.13 mm. The rectangular parallelepiped having a length and width of 1cm×1cm×0.5cm was cut again, and weighed.
The TA15 titanium alloy/YG series hard alloy composite materials in examples 1, 2 and 3 and the original metal mold material 18Ni300 steel were subjected to ablation resistance test and quality test, and the specific steps are as follows:
ablation resistance test: the ablation test is carried out on the 18Ni300 steel and the titanium alloy/YG hard alloy composite plate prepared in examples 1, 2 and 3 by using an oxygen-gas mixed flame through self-made oxygen-gas ablation equipment, wherein the schematic diagram of the equipment is shown in figure 1, the size of an ablation sample is phi 24.5-24.8 mm multiplied by 8.1-8.15 mm, and the size of the sample is preferably phi 24.6-24.7 mm multiplied by 8.11-8.14 mm. In addition, the surface of the sample should be smooth and flat, the parallelism of the two planes is not more than 0.1mm, under the standard state, the oxygen flow is 1512L/h, the gas flow is 1116L/h, the oxygen-gas mixing ratio is 1.35, the oxygen pressure is 0.4MPa, the gas pressure is 0.095MPa, the nozzle distance from the initial surface of the sample to the flame is 10+/-0.2 mm, the flame ablation angle is 90 degrees, and the flame heat flux density is 4186.8 +/-418.68 kW/m 2 The ablation test time is 20s, whether the ablation temperature is stable or not is observed through a thermocouple, each material is weighed and the size is measured before and after ablation, and the ablation rate is calculated.
And (3) quality testing: rectangular parallelepiped having a length and width of 1cm×1cm×0.5cm was cut out by wire cutting, and weighed using an AX224ZH/E model electronic balance manufactured by OHAUS corporation with an accuracy of 0.1mg and a measuring range of 200 g.
Comparison of the data after testing is shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 ablation resistance and quality comparison
As can be seen from Table 1, the titanium alloy/hard alloy composite material has lower ablation rate, better ablation resistance and obviously reduced quality compared with 18Ni300 steel, which indicates that the aim of light design is achieved. In addition, from the comparison of examples 1, 2 and 3, the large elements with relative atomic mass, such as Zr element and Mo element, in the alloying design have a large content, so that the quality of the final composite material is slightly higher than that of other materials, but the Zr element and the Mo element can also have a certain enhancement on the ablation resistance, so that the proportion of TA15 alloying elements is selected according to actual requirements, a scientific theory guidance is provided for the actual production of the hard alloy, and a solid foundation is laid for further updating and iterating of the incinerator material.
The ablation-resistant layer YG hard alloy greatly improves the ablation resistance, and the TA15 titanium alloy has better heat resistance, can obviously reduce the quality of the existing material with the same specification, and achieves the effect of light-weight design. According to the invention, through compounding YG series hard alloy and TA15 titanium alloy, specific thickness of each layer is matched, so that the furnace has good strength, toughness, plasticity and corrosion resistance, and meanwhile, the whole furnace has lower density, and the light-weight requirement of incinerator materials can be met after vacuum diffusion welding.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. The lightweight ablation-resistant layered bimetal composite material is characterized by comprising 1mm of ablation-resistant layer YG hard alloy, a middle transition layer nickel foil and 4mm of quality-reducing layer TA15 titanium alloy, and the metallurgical bonding between the TA15 titanium alloy and the YG hard alloy is realized through a vacuum diffusion welding process.
2. The lightweight ablation-resistant layered bimetallic composite of claim 1, wherein: the YG hard alloy is one of YG6, YG8, YG15 or YG 20.
3. The lightweight ablation-resistant layered bimetallic composite of claim 1, wherein: the TA15 titanium alloy comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 5.5 to 7.1 percent of Al, 1.5 to 2.5 percent of Zr, 0.5 to 2.0 percent of Mo, 0.8 to 2.5 percent of V, less than or equal to 0.25 percent of Fe, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.10 percent of C, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of N, less than or equal to 0.015 percent of H, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of O, and the balance of Ti and impurities.
4. A lightweight ablation resistant layered bimetallic composite as in claim 3, wherein: the TA15 titanium alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 6.0 to 7.1 percent of Al, 2.0 to 2.5 percent of Zr2.0 to 2.0 percent of Mo, 1.0 to 2.5 percent of V, less than or equal to 0.20 percent of Fe, less than or equal to 0.10 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.10 percent of C, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of N, less than or equal to 0.015 percent of H, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of O, and the balance of Ti and impurities.
5. A lightweight ablation resistant layered bimetallic composite as in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the tin foil is N4 nickel foil or N6 nickel foil.
6. The lightweight ablation-resistant layered bimetallic composite of claim 5, wherein: the thickness of the nickel foil is 0.003-0.2 mm, preferably 0.005-0.1 mm.
7. The method for preparing the lightweight ablation-resistant layered bimetallic composite material as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, which is characterized by comprising the steps of:
s1, preparing raw materials: pretreating TA15 titanium alloy, YG hard alloy and nickel foil, and shearing carbon paper and copper foil to the same size as the alloy for standby;
s2, raw material assembly: sequentially stacking the pretreated YG hard alloy, nickel foil and TA15 titanium alloy to form a basic structure group, sequentially stacking a plurality of basic structure groups to form an integral laminated structure, separating each basic structure group by carbon paper, and finally wrapping and fixing the integral laminated structure by using copper foil as a sample;
s3, vacuum diffusion welding: and (3) performing diffusion welding on the sample by using a high-temperature vacuum hot-pressing sintering furnace, performing furnace cooling after the heat preservation in the furnace is finished, and taking out the composite material after cooling to room temperature.
8. The method for preparing the lightweight ablation-resistant layered bimetallic composite material as set forth in claim 7, wherein: the diffusion temperature of the high-temperature vacuum hot-pressing sintering furnace is 900-980 ℃, the pressure is 10-20 MPa, and the diffusion atmosphere is argon.
9. The method for preparing the lightweight ablation-resistant layered bimetallic composite material as claimed in claim 8, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the diffusion temperature is preferably 930-960 ℃, and the pressure is preferably 12-16 MPa.
10. The method for preparing the lightweight ablation-resistant layered bimetallic composite material as set forth in claim 7, wherein: the temperature rising rate in the furnace is 5-15 ℃/min, the heat preservation time is 60-120 min, and the furnace cooling rate is 3-7 ℃/min.
CN202310580675.7A 2023-05-22 2023-05-22 Lightweight ablation-resistant layered bimetal composite material and preparation method thereof Pending CN116653375A (en)

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