CN116651235A - Yarn film and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Yarn film and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116651235A
CN116651235A CN202310441370.8A CN202310441370A CN116651235A CN 116651235 A CN116651235 A CN 116651235A CN 202310441370 A CN202310441370 A CN 202310441370A CN 116651235 A CN116651235 A CN 116651235A
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yarn
film
membrane
solution containing
preparation
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CN116651235B (en
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刘鹏碧
李佩仪
彭晴
郭昌盛
于晖
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Wuyi University
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Wuyi University
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
    • B01D71/06—Organic material
    • B01D71/56—Polyamides, e.g. polyester-amides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
    • B01D67/0002—Organic membrane manufacture
    • B01D67/0006—Organic membrane manufacture by chemical reactions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
    • B01D69/02—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor characterised by their properties
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
    • C02F1/442—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by nanofiltration
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
    • C02F2101/308—Dyes; Colorants; Fluorescent agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124—Water desalination
    • Y02A20/131—Reverse-osmosis

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Nanotechnology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of films, and particularly relates to a yarn film and a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method of the yarn film comprises the following steps: and (3) immersing the yarns into an aqueous solution containing amine monomers and an oil phase solution containing acyl chloride monomers successively, taking out and drying to obtain the yarn. According to the invention, the surface of the roving is coated with the polyamide film by utilizing the interfacial polymerization technology, and the polyamide film formed by polymerization can freely penetrate through water molecules, but can retain the characteristics of salt ions and dye macromolecules, and the advantages of the traditional roving such as 'wicking' and 'siphon' effect are utilized, so that the prepared yarn film can realize excellent functions of retaining the salt ions and the dye without external pressure.

Description

Yarn film and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of films, and particularly relates to a yarn film and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
With the continuous improvement of the performance requirements of people on the filter materials, the variety of the filter materials is more and more, the research and development of the high-performance high-efficiency filter materials are paid attention to, and the filter method with high efficiency and low cost is sought to be found.
In conventional filtration systems, the cost of the filter materials used is high and the filtration effect is slow, ranging from conventional filtration systems to composite filters. Currently, the filtration technology in the market has the defects of higher cost, low filtration efficiency and the like because of the operation (such as pressure, gravity, centrifugal force, vacuum environment and the like) of additional factors, which are needed. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a filter material which is low in cost and low in application conditions.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, the invention provides a yarn film and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the surface of the roving is coated with the polyamide film by utilizing an interfacial polymerization technology, and the polyamide film formed by utilizing the interfacial polymerization can freely penetrate water molecules, but can retain the characteristics of salt ions and dye macromolecules, and the advantages of the traditional roving such as 'wicking' and 'siphon' effect, so that the prepared yarn film can realize excellent functions of retaining the salt ions and the dye without additional driving pressure.
In a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for producing a yarn film, comprising the steps of:
and (3) immersing the yarns into an aqueous solution containing amine monomers and an oil phase solution containing acyl chloride monomers successively, taking out and drying to obtain the yarn.
Interfacial polymerization refers to a polycondensation reaction that proceeds at the interface (or interface organic phase side) of two solutions that are mutually insoluble and in which the two monomers are dissolved, respectively. The prior art generally utilizes an aqueous solution containing amine monomers and an oil phase solution containing acid chloride monomers to react at their interface to produce a thinner polyamide membrane on a support (typically polysulfone or polyethersulfone) that has the ability to entrap ions and dyes while allowing water molecules to permeate, but is a pressure driven membrane.
Wicking is the process of spontaneously absorbing liquid into a porous medium by capillary effect. During wicking, the surface tension of the liquid (caused by cohesion within the liquid) works together to drive the capillary tube to draw the liquid into the porous medium. The wicking effect occurs in a fabric or roving composed of wettable fibers, and where the geometry of the pores allows the formation of a meniscus. The arrangement and material of the fibers in the yarn are key factors in determining the wicking properties of the fabric. Meanwhile, the wicking effect can conduct water molecules, and solute molecules such as salt ions, dye molecules and the like are mixed in the solution.
In order to enhance the wicking effect of the roving and endow the roving with certain capability of intercepting ions or dyes, the invention utilizes the interfacial polymerization technology to generate a layer of complete polyamide film on the surface of the roving, on one hand, the wicking effect of the roving can absorb liquid, and then salt ions and dyes are intercepted by the polyamide film. On the other hand, the formation of polyamide films is advantageous for reducing the inter-fiber voids inside the yarn, thereby further enhancing the wicking effect of the roving, because: (1) The roving immersed in the aqueous solution is contracted after being taken out; (2) The resulting polyamide film also shrinks during heating, further facilitating the inter-fiber compaction.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the aqueous solution containing the amine-based monomer has a mass concentration of 0.5wt% to 5.0wt%, preferably 0.5wt% to 4wt%, more preferably 1wt% to 2wt%.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the amine monomer is an aromatic amine and/or a fatty amine; preferably, the aromatic amine is selected from at least one of p-phenylenediamine, m-phenylenediamine and o-phenylenediamine; the fatty amine is at least one selected from ethylenediamine, propylenediamine, butylenediamine, pentyenediamine, N- (2-hydroxyethyl) ethylenediamine, hexamethylenediamine, 1, 2-diaminocyclohexane, 1, 3-diaminocyclohexane, 1, 4-diaminocyclohexane, piperazine and 4-aminomethylpiperazine.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the oil phase solution containing the acid chloride monomer has a mass concentration of 0.1wt% to 2wt%, preferably 0.2wt% to 1.5wt%, more preferably 0.2wt% to 1.0wt%.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the acid chloride monomer is an aromatic acid chloride and/or a fatty acid chloride; preferably, the aromatic acyl chloride is selected from at least one of phthaloyl chloride, isophthaloyl chloride, biphenyldicarboxylic acid chloride, benzenedisulfonyl chloride and trimesoyl chloride; the fatty acyl chloride is selected from at least one of succinyl chloride, ding Sanxian chloride, glutaryl chloride, hexanyl chloride, decane diacid chloride, decane triacyl chloride, cyclopropane triacyl chloride, cyclobutane diacid chloride and cyclopentane diacid chloride.
The concentration of the amine monomer and the acyl chloride monomer has a certain influence on the membrane interception performance, and the concentration is too low, so that the polyamide membrane is poor in crosslinking, high in flux and low in desalination rate; too high a concentration results in too fast a reaction, which results in thickening of the polyamide membrane, which is detrimental to the membrane separation performance.
The solvent in the oil phase solution can be at least one selected from n-hexane, cyclohexane and n-heptane.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the yarn is selected from at least one of cotton, bamboo fiber, viscose fiber, polypropylene filament; preferably, the yarns are viscose, and the viscose material has good interception capability due to the unique sheath-core structure and the zigzag section.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the fineness of the yarn is 500-1000 tex.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the yarn has a twist multiplier of 4 to 5.4.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the yarn is a roving, consisting of several fiber strands; further, the fiber lines are arranged in a manner of being approximately parallel to each other along the axial direction of the roving.
The yarn used by the invention has good wicking capability, and obviously expands after moisture absorption, thus being an ideal application material. The yarn can improve the wicking height and strengthen the moisture conductivity through the siphon effect, so that the purpose of application without external conditions is achieved. The obtained yarn membrane can keep dye and salt ions in an original solution, and purified water is purified to the other end, so that a better filtering effect is achieved.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the yarn is immersed in the aqueous solution for a time period of from 2 to 20 minutes, preferably from 2 to 10 minutes, more preferably from 2 to 5 minutes.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the yarn is immersed in the oil phase solution for a period of time ranging from 2 to 10 minutes, preferably from 2 to 8 minutes, more preferably from 2 to 6 minutes.
With the increase of the soaking time and the interfacial polymerization time of the aqueous solution, the polyamide membrane is continuously perfected, and the charge density on the membrane is enhanced, so that the water permeability of the membrane and the rejection rate of ions and dyes are improved. However, too long a reaction time adversely affects the further reaction of the monomer in the two phases to diffuse toward the interface, and thus the separation performance improving effect of the membrane is not ideal.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the temperature of the drying is 50 ℃ to 80 ℃, preferably 50 ℃ to 70 ℃, more preferably 60 ℃ to 65 ℃.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the drying time is 8 to 20min, preferably 8 to 15min, more preferably 8 to 10min.
And combining the oil phase monomer and the water phase monomer on the surface of the yarn to form a film in a soaking mode, and reinforcing the film by a drying technology.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the yarn is spun with water to reduce hairiness prior to immersion.
In a second aspect of the present invention, a yarn film is provided, which is prepared by the above-mentioned preparation method.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the yarn membrane has a pore size of 1-2nm and a thickness of 6-8 nm.
The third aspect of the invention provides application of the yarn membrane in sea water desalination, dye waste liquid treatment and soil desalination.
The yarn membrane can freely pass through water molecules and efficiently entraps dyes and salt ions in seawater, dye waste liquid and soil.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The yarn has good filtering and wicking effects, and after being combined with a film prepared by interfacial polymerization, the yarn has a more compact pore structure, can more efficiently filter impurities such as dye, salt ions and the like, and extracts purified water;
(2) The invention can realize continuous filtration and membrane separation by using the pressure difference as the driving force, and does not need to adopt the external power of the prior art as the driving force;
(3) The yarn film has the advantages of simple preparation process, short time, easy control of the process and lower cost.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the invention will become apparent and may be better understood from the following description of embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
fig. 1 is a morphology diagram of a yarn film obtained in example 1 of the present invention, wherein fig. a is an original morphology diagram of a roving, and fig. b is a morphology diagram of the roving coated with a polyamide film.
Detailed Description
The conception and the technical effects produced by the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the embodiments below to fully understand the objects, features and effects of the present invention. It is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments, and that other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive effort are within the scope of the present invention based on the embodiments of the present invention.
According to the invention, an interfacial polymerization method is adopted, and an oil phase monomer trimesoyl chloride solution (TMC) and a water phase monomer piperazine react to form a layer of nanofiltration film on the surface of the yarn, so that the film prepared by the method is thinner, has higher crosslinking degree and smaller pores, and can enhance the wicking capability and siphon effect of the yarn, thus the flux and the retention rate of dye and salt are both improved.
The yarn used in the embodiment of the invention can be made of cotton, bamboo fiber, viscose fiber, polypropylene fiber filament, and the like, wherein the fineness of the yarn used in the embodiment 1-3 is 500-1000 tex.
Example 1
The yarn material used in this embodiment is viscose.
The preparation of the yarn film of this example comprises the following steps:
immersing the roving in deionized water, and fully immersing. And then taking out the slightly twisted yarn to extrude the excessive moisture on the surface of the yarn, so that hairiness on the surface of the yarn is promoted to be attached to the surface of the yarn, and a certain amount of deionized water is reserved in the core of the yarn (the subsequent water phase monomer is prevented from being immersed into the interior of the yarn too deeply). Then, the roving was immersed in a 1% piperazine aqueous solution for 3min so that the outside of the yarn was aqueous monomer solution and the core was deionized water, in order to control the depth of immersion of the aqueous monomer. Then, the mixture was immersed in a prepared 0.2% benzene tricarboxylic acid chloride in n-hexane, and polymerization was carried out at the interface for 4 minutes. Forming a nano-filtration film with the aperture size of 1-2nm and the thickness of 7 nm.
And (5) placing the yarn film into a drying box for heating and curing for 8min at 65 ℃ to obtain the yarn film.
The structure of the yarn membrane is shown in fig. 1, and a nanofiltration membrane is formed on the yarn surface.
Example 2
The procedure for the preparation of reference example 1 differs in that:
the concentration of the piperazine aqueous solution used in this example was 2%, the concentration of the benzene tricarboxylic acid chloride in n-hexane solution was 1%, the time for heat curing was 10min, and the temperature was 60 ℃.
Example 3
The procedure for the preparation of reference example 1 differs in that:
the yarn material used in this example was polypropylene filaments.
Example 4
The procedure for the preparation of reference example 1 differs in that:
the fineness of the yarn used in this embodiment is 2000 to 3000tex.
Comparative example 1
And immersing the polysulfone base membrane in 1% piperazine aqueous solution for 2min, removing the liquid on the membrane surface, immersing the polysulfone base membrane in 0.2% benzene trimethyl acyl chloride n-hexane solution for interfacial polymerization reaction for 3min at 35 ℃, removing the liquid on the membrane surface, and placing the polysulfone base membrane in an oven at 80 ℃ for heat treatment for 6min to obtain the polyamide nanofiltration membrane.
Comparative example 2
And (3) immersing the polyacrylonitrile-based membrane in a 1% piperazine aqueous solution for 2min, removing the liquid on the surface of the membrane, immersing the membrane in a 0.2% benzene trimethyl acyl chloride n-hexane solution for interfacial polymerization reaction for 3min at the reaction temperature of 25 ℃, removing the liquid on the surface of the membrane, and placing the membrane in a 75 ℃ oven for heat treatment for 6min to obtain the polyamide nanofiltration membrane.
Test case
The separation performance of the yarn membrane is analyzed by detecting the water flux of the yarn membrane and the retention rate of salt and dye.
Wherein, the test conditions of the salt rejection rate are 1500ppm NaCl aqueous solution and 2000ppm MgCl of the feed solution respectively 2 The temperature of the aqueous solution and 1500ppm KCl aqueous solution is 20-25 ℃.
The test conditions of the dye retention rate are respectively methylene blue with the feed liquid of 100mg/L and Congo red with the feed liquid of 150mg/L, and the temperature of the feed liquid is 20-25 ℃.
The calculation formula of the retention rate is as follows: r= (1-C p /C r ) X100%, wherein R represents the retention rate, C p And C r The concentration of the permeate and the feed solution, respectively.
In addition, the polyamide nanofiltration membranes of comparative examples 1 and 2 were subjected to performance test under an additional pressure of 0.45 MPa.
TABLE 1 separation Properties of the Polyamide nanofiltration membranes prepared in examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 and 2
The invention adopts the interfacial polymerization technology of the separation membrane to endow the surface of the traditional roving with a polyamide layer, so that the surface of the traditional roving has stronger wicking and siphoning effects and also has the function of trapping salt ions and dyes. In examples 1-4, specific interfacial polymerization parameters and roving are adopted to prepare a yarn membrane with a salt ion rejection rate of 93.5-99.2% and a dye rejection rate of 96.1-99.4%, and the yarn membrane can be used for sea water desalination, dye waste liquid treatment and soil desalination.
Comparative examples 1 and 2 do not use yarns but use conventional polysulfone-based membranes and polyacrylonitrile-based membranes, respectively, and thus do not have "wicking" and "siphoning" effects, and require an external driving force to perform membrane separation.
While the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention within the knowledge of one of ordinary skill in the art. Furthermore, embodiments of the invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.

Claims (10)

1. A method of making a yarn film comprising the steps of:
and (3) immersing the yarns into an aqueous solution containing amine monomers and an oil phase solution containing acyl chloride monomers successively, taking out and drying to obtain the yarn.
2. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the mass concentration of the aqueous solution containing the amine-based monomer is 0.5wt% to 5.0wt%.
3. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the mass concentration of the oil phase solution containing the acid chloride monomer is 0.1-2 wt%.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the yarn is at least one selected from the group consisting of cotton, bamboo fiber, viscose fiber, and polypropylene filament.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the fineness of the yarn is 500 to 1000tex.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the yarn is immersed in the aqueous solution for 2 to 20 minutes and the yarn is immersed in the oil phase solution for 2 to 10 minutes.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the drying is 50 to 80 ℃ and the time of the drying is 8 to 20min.
8. A yarn film produced by the production method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. Yarn membrane according to claim 8, characterized in that the yarn membrane has a pore size of 1-2nm and a thickness of 6-8 nm.
10. Use of the yarn membrane according to claim 8 or 9 for sea water desalination, dye waste liquid treatment, soil desalination.
CN202310441370.8A 2023-04-21 2023-04-21 Yarn film and preparation method and application thereof Active CN116651235B (en)

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