CN116629585A - Process management system and method using ontology - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of process management and discloses a process management system and a process management method using a body. The technology object management and query system comprises a technology management and query unit, a technology object body creation and management unit and a technology release unit. The process management and query unit mainly realizes organization and arrangement of process knowledge and outputs structured process knowledge, so that knowledge management and query are facilitated, the process object body creation and management unit mainly realizes integrated mapping of the product object body and the process knowledge body to form a process object body and manages the process object body, and the process release unit mainly realizes output of process object body information in an interactive format so as to guide production; the invention adopts the product object body and the process knowledge body to effectively integrate the product object information and the required process knowledge, thereby facilitating the transmission sharing and reuse of the process knowledge and further providing assistance for the quality control of the product production process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of process management, in particular to a process management system and a process management method using a body.
Background
The process information is an important tie for connecting product design and production, and the production process of the product objects in a plurality of fields is based on or concentrated on two-dimensional drawings, so that a transmission carrier of the process information mainly depends on two-dimensional sketch description and text expression in a process file, and a transmission mode of the process information only stays on a path for oral transfer by combining the process file when working by means of technical mating, thereby leading implementation personnel to understand the process information unclear and further influencing the product quality.
The Ontology (Ontology) is derived from the philosophy field and is mainly used for describing the abstract nature of objective things, and along with the rapid development of modern information technology and artificial intelligence, the method of the Ontology is widely used for realizing reuse and sharing of knowledge in the field, and the Ontology has very strong expressive power and logical reasoning capability through the conceptual model creation of description information in the field.
For example, in the field of building processes, although the use of BIM three-dimensional models in recent years is better for the design and constructors than the traditional two-dimensional drawings, the constructors only depend on the materials, sizes and types of information in the BIM three-dimensional models to help know the process information, and for the three-dimensional models completed by the design, the constructors still need to search for the required construction process information from scattered construction process file materials.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a process management system and a process management method using an ontology, which realize integration and management of process information and product object information.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a process management system using an ontology comprises a process management and query unit, a process object ontology creation and management unit and a process release unit; wherein,,
the process management and query unit is used for identifying and extracting process knowledge in the process information, organizing and organizing the extracted process knowledge to construct a process knowledge body and outputting the structured process knowledge, so that the process management and query are convenient;
the process object body creation and management unit is used for developing and importing a product object body and carrying out corresponding treatment on the product object body, constructing a product object body description target product, and associatively mapping the product object body and the process knowledge body to form a process object body and managing the process object body;
the process release unit is used for outputting the process object body information in an interactive Excel, PDF, EXE format and the like, wherein the information covers the target product object and the related process information required by the production process.
The process management and query unit comprises a process information importing unit, a process information processing unit, a process knowledge query unit and a typical process knowledge base management and call unit, wherein the process information importing unit is used for collecting, importing and storing process information to form a process resource base; the process information processing unit classifies process knowledge in a process resource library, organizes and sorts the process knowledge based on the body structure, and outputs documents based on RDF frames; the process knowledge query unit is used for querying process information by taking the RDF frame document as a data source, which is output by the process information processing unit; the typical process knowledge base management and calling unit is used for realizing the inquiry and multiplexing of the product process knowledge body.
The process object body creation and management unit comprises a product object body import unit, an object association mapping unit and a typical process object body library management and calling unit, wherein the product object body import unit is used for developing and importing a product object body describing a target product; the body association mapping unit is used for realizing alignment mapping on the product object body and the process knowledge body by using the object attribute, and determining the change node to connect the process object bodies of the target products in different stages in series by referring to the process steps; the typical process object body library management and calling unit is used for realizing parameterized modification and rapid creation of the process object bodies of the same class.
The process issuing unit comprises a process generating unit and a process review unit, wherein the process generating unit is used for realizing the production of an interactive process file based on a process object body; the process review unit is used for distributing the process document to conduct review work.
The process information comprises discrete process information designed into the production process and activity information of each working procedure and step stage in the production process.
The product object body is derived from a product design stage and fully depends on design information and actual production methods so as to reflect target products and process information.
The invention also provides a process management method using the body, which specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, the process information importing unit gathers discrete process information in the finishing process, wherein the discrete process information comprises production process information, an operation method, technical points and the like;
s1-1, searching and collecting typical process information of the objects in the field aiming at specific product objects;
s1-2, a process information import unit finishes the input of discrete process information, and stores and manages the discrete process information in a file system mode to form a process resource library;
s2, the process information processing unit classifies and sorts discrete process information, constructs a process knowledge body and outputs the process knowledge body in a structured expression language, and performs early work for transmission, exchange and query of process knowledge;
s2-1, classifying process information, wherein the process information is divided into process attributes and process contents, and the process attributes comprise product object information such as product object names and types; the process content is divided into a process attribute and a process content, wherein the process attribute comprises a process name and a process sequence position; the process content is divided into process step information, process constraint information and resource elements; the process step information comprises a process step name and an operation method, and the process constraint information comprises design specifications, technical points, quality standards and safety measures; the resource elements comprise materials, constructional elements, management personnel, labor force, machines and tools, detection equipment and production auxiliary facilities;
s2-2, based on the classification description, constructing and modifying an ontology by adopting an improved seven-step method, using an ontology editing tool to conceptualize knowledge classification in a process knowledge base formed in the previous two steps to form classes, describing relations among the classes by object attributes so as to express process information, and forming RDF/XML format document output so as to transfer and share the process information among different system terminals;
s2-3, the method of the ontology adopts machine-readable language to develop clear and formal knowledge representation for the process information expression, so that the multiplexing and management of knowledge are enhanced; meanwhile, SWRL language is adopted to realize the compliance automatic verification of the product, the reasoning of the technological route and the technological parameters;
s2-4, the process knowledge query unit uses the output document in the steps as a source file to realize process knowledge query, so that process information can be conveniently acquired and reused;
s3, the product object body importing unit aggregates target product information, wherein the product information comprises geometric information, attribute information and annotation information, the product object body aims at describing a target product, and production auxiliary facility information required by the target object is supplemented according to the process knowledge body;
s3-1, a product object body is divided into an item-level object body, a function-level object body, a component-level object body and a part-level object body, and the multi-level object body provides support for expression fineness requirements of different processes; wherein, the hierarchical relation and conceptual structure expression among the item level, the function level and the component level object bodies can refer to the industrial basic class (IFC) standard, and the industrial basic class (IFC) standard has strong information description capability;
s3-2, for a part-level product object body which is not clearly expressed by the IFC standard, classifying and organizing geometric information such as product size, shape parameters and the like according to product design requirements, classifying and organizing attribute information such as product materials, inspection, production and the like and annotation information such as product size annotation and other annotation and the like, carrying out product design information concept classification to develop the part-level object body, describing part-level composition components of a target product so as to express the product object, wherein the specific embodiment is realized by means of body instantiation;
s3-3, the process knowledge inquiry unit inquires required auxiliary measures related to the production procedure, then further perfects information of the instantiated product object body and outputs the information in a corresponding format so as to be imported into the product object body importing unit;
s4, the ontology association mapping unit maps the process knowledge of the process knowledge ontology to the product object ontology class according to the related components, and performs process series connection on the change node by taking the sequence of the process steps as a time axis;
s4-1, connecting the process knowledge body with classes and examples in the product object body through object attribute mapping to form a process object body;
s4-2, determining a change node by referring to process route and process step arrangement information of a product process design and planning stage, wherein the process key points, detail changes possibly occurring in the process and the number or category changes of the geometric elements of the product are taken as the basis for determining the change node;
s4-3, aiming at the determined process nodes, taking the process object body and combining the changes of the process knowledge body mapped to the process object body as the process object body, evolving into a time axis in the sequence of the working procedures, and connecting the process object bodies with the series of dynamic changes in series;
s4-4, after the mapping is established, the process object body library management unit distributes the established process object body to process staff to check the planned file, and the check is stored through the body to form a typical process object body library, so that the reuse and management of process expression of similar products are facilitated;
s5, the process issuing unit generates an interactive process guidance file.
S5-1, the process generating unit takes the process object body as a support, completes the output of the digital process file to the process flow expressed by the process object body, and simultaneously, according to the generated digital process file, issues and forms process files in various formats such as Excel, 3DPDF, EXE and the like according to the actual application requirements, and makes the interactive process file in the corresponding format.
S5-2, each level of approval personnel enter a process column to review the process file, if the approval is not passed, the process file returns to the generation interface to continue editing, and if the approval is passed, the interactive process information expression file is released;
compared with the prior art, the invention has the following characteristics and beneficial effects:
(1) The invention uses the ontology method to sort and sort the process information, and expresses and stores the process information in a structured way, thereby realizing the integrated management of the process information and facilitating the simple inquiry and information transmission of the required process information.
(2) The invention develops the product object body, constructs the multi-level product object body to structurally represent the complete information of different levels of product objects, and ensures that the process knowledge corresponds to the process objects.
(3) The process knowledge body is associated with the product object body in the same stage, and the dynamic product forming process is expressed by the process object body, so that the process file can be quickly created, and convenience is provided for file use in a production link.
Drawings
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a process management system architecture employing an ontology according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a process management method employing an ontology according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the process information of the construction object part used in the present embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the construction steps of the construction object construction process used in the present embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a bulk build process for the improved seven-step method used in the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the design information of a part of the construction object used in the present embodiment;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a series connection of nodes of the process object body according to the embodiment.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and features of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples of implementation, which employ construction process information management of building products. The specific embodiments described herein are only for the purpose of illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
FIG. 1 shows an example of a process management system using an ontology, which comprises a process management and query unit 1, a process object ontology creation and management unit 2 and a process release unit 3 facing actual engineering;
the process management and query unit 1 is used for identifying and extracting process knowledge in the process information, organizing, finishing and constructing a process knowledge body and outputting structured process knowledge, so that the process management and query are convenient; the process information comprises discrete process information designed into the construction process and activity information of each working procedure and step stage in the construction process;
the process object body creation and management unit 2 is used for developing and importing a product object body and correspondingly processing the product object body to construct a product object body description target building product, and the product object body and the process knowledge body are associated and mapped to form a process object body and are managed, the product object body instantiation is derived from a product design stage, and fully depends on design information and actual construction practice to reflect construction target products and construction information;
the process release unit 3 facing the actual engineering is used for outputting the process object body information in an interactive format Excel, PDF, EXE and the like, and the information covers the target building object and the related process information so as to guide the building.
The process management and query unit 1 comprises a process information importing unit, a process information processing unit, a process knowledge query unit and a typical process knowledge base management and calling unit; the process information importing unit is used for collecting, importing and storing the process information to form a process resource library; the process information processing unit classifies process knowledge in a process resource library, organizes and sorts the process knowledge based on the body structure, and outputs documents based on RDF frames; the process knowledge query unit is used for querying process information by taking the RDF frame document as a data source, which is output by the process information processing unit; the typical process knowledge base management and calling unit is used for realizing the inquiry and multiplexing of the product process knowledge body. In the embodiment, prot g is adopted as an ontology editor to process the process knowledge and output an RDF/XML format document, XML content can be verified according to a schema, and XML data processing is based on MySQL and XML combined application.
The process object body creation and management unit 2 comprises a product object body import unit, an object association mapping unit and a typical process object body library management and calling unit, wherein the product object body import unit is used for developing and importing a product object body describing a target building product; the body association mapping unit is used for realizing alignment mapping on the product object body and the process knowledge body by using object attributes, and determining the change node by referring to the process steps to connect the process object bodies of the products built at different building stages in series; the typical process object body library management and calling unit is used for realizing parameterized modification and rapid creation of the process object bodies of the same class.
The process release unit 3 facing the actual engineering comprises a process generation unit and a process review unit; the process generating unit is used for realizing the production of an interactive process file based on the process object body; the process review unit is used for distributing the process document to conduct review work.
Fig. 2 shows an example of a process management method using an ontology according to the present invention, which specifically includes the following steps:
step one: the process information importing unit gathers discrete process information in the construction process aiming at a construction object, and the construction object in the embodiment refers to masonry engineering;
1. for specific building components, typical process information of the building components in the field is retrieved and collected, such as a construction scheme, a building construction manual and related construction specifications for the building products; the embodiment refers to a masonry engineering construction scheme, a masonry engineering division of an engineering implementation manual, a masonry engineering construction quality acceptance specification and a description of a technological process in a masonry structure engineering construction specification;
2. the process information importing unit is used for completing the input of discrete process information, storing and managing the discrete process information in a file system mode and forming a process resource library;
step two: the process information processing unit classifies and sorts discrete process information, constructs a process knowledge body and outputs the process knowledge body in a structured expression language, and performs early work for transmission, exchange and query of process knowledge;
1. classifying process information, wherein the process information is divided into process attributes and process contents, and the process attributes comprise application building product information such as building object names and types; the process content is divided into a process attribute and a process content, wherein the process attribute comprises a process name and a process sequence position; the process content is divided into process step information, process constraint information and resource elements, wherein the process step information comprises a process step name and an operation method, and the process constraint information comprises design specifications, technical points, quality standards and safety measures; the resource elements comprise building materials, constructional elements, management personnel, labor force, construction machines and tools, detection equipment and construction auxiliary facilities; the process information of the building object part used in the embodiment is shown in fig. 3;
2. specifically, to explain this embodiment, through the above classification, the object name is constructed as masonry infill wall, and the names of the basic process and its sequence are shown in fig. 4. The resource elements comprise required material building blocks, prefabricated commodity mortar, reinforcing steel bars and the like, the construction equipment and the detection equipment comprise brick cutters, ash hoppers, measuring tapes, leveling gauges, level bars and the like, the management personnel and the labor force comprise construction technicians, reinforcing steel bar workers and the like, and the construction auxiliary facilities comprise movable scaffolds; the design specification in the process constraint information determines the concrete structure of the wall, such as 'the length of the wall is more than 5 meters, the wall top and the beam slab are provided with reinforcing steel bars and tie-ups', the technical key points provide guidance for process operation, such as 'when the wall is built in layers, the building blocks can not be cut in whole blocks, but the length of the building blocks finally used for building is not less than 1/3 of the original length', and the quality standard constrains the quality of the finished wall, such as 'the flatness and the perpendicularity of the brick wall surface should be checked at any time in the building engineering'; safety measures provide guarantee for construction safety, such as 'adopting a scaffold to support a safety net';
3. based on the classification description, an improved seven-step method is adopted to construct and modify an ontology, an ontology editing tool is used to conceptualize knowledge classification in a process knowledge base formed in the previous two steps to form classes, relationships among the classes are described by object attributes so as to express process information, and RDF/XML format document output is formed so as to transfer and share the process information among different system terminals;
4. the improved seven-step method combines a method and a seven-step method, aims at the ontology construction and management of the method on the knowledge level, lacks description on detail, and focuses on modeling operation on detail, and the problems that a specific flow of an evaluation mechanism and a documenting function of a comprehensive system comprise clear definition and range are improved, wherein the specific flow is shown in a figure 5;
5. the method of the ontology adopts machine-readable language to develop clear and formal knowledge representation for the process information expression, so that the multiplexing and management of knowledge are enhanced; at the same time, the method is also very useful for the compliance automatic verification of building components, the process route and the reasoning of aspects of process parameters, adopts SWRL language, encodes related specification knowledge and construction experience in the field and is used together with an ontology constructed based on OWL language:
taking building specification treaty that the height of a wall body is more than 3m and a ring beam is arranged in the middle of the wall body as an example, the method is converted into SWRL rule as a target wall body?w) The height of ≡?w, ?w_height) ^ swrlb:greaterThan(?w_height, 3000) Ring beam?rb)->The arrangement of the components?w, ?rb) The position of the ring beam?w, The ring beam is arranged in the middle of the wall body ")”。
6. The process knowledge query unit takes the output document in the steps as a source file to realize process knowledge query, so that process information can be conveniently acquired and reused; the knowledge query mechanism is built based on the ontology query language SPARQL, so that a user can efficiently query process information, and the grasping degree of process details is improved.
Step three: the product object body importing unit aggregates building product information, wherein the product information comprises geometric information, attribute information and annotation information, the product object body aims at describing a target product, and on the basis, auxiliary facility information required by building the target object is supplemented according to the process knowledge body;
1. the product object body is divided into a project-level object body, a function-level object body, a component-level object body and a part-level object body, and the multiple-level object body provides support for the expression fineness requirements of different technologies; wherein the hierarchical relationship between project level, function level, build level object ontologies and the conceptual structural expression mainly refer to building modules of industrial basic class (IFC) standard, which have strong building information description capability enough to support building engineering data exchange; for example, referring to the IFC standard, the upper level body major categories include projects, sites, buildings, building floors, building spaces, and building elements, which in turn are divided into walls, columns, beams, floors, doors, windows, stairways, and the like.
2. For a part-level product object body which is not clearly expressed by the IFC standard, according to the design requirement of a building product, classifying and organizing geometric information such as product size, shape parameters and the like, attribute information such as product material, inspection, production and the like, annotation information such as product size annotation and other annotation and the like, carrying out conceptual classification on the design information of the building product to develop the part-level object body, and describing a part-level composition member of a target product so as to express a building target, wherein the specific embodiment is realized by means of body instantiation; the method comprises the steps of determining product description information such as wall geometric dimensions, brick block dimensions, mortar joint thickness, top inclined brick angles, block materials, wall structures, reinforcing steel bar dimensions, mortar strength grades and the like according to design information; schematic diagram of the design information of the construction object part used in the present embodiment is shown in fig. 6;
3. the process knowledge inquiry unit inquires auxiliary measures related to the construction process, then further perfects construction information of the instantiated product object body and outputs the construction information in a corresponding format so as to introduce the product object body into the introduction unit; the auxiliary facilities of the embodiment comprise scaffolds, templates, wall positioning lines, leather number rods, structural one-meter lines, door and window openings and constructional column positioning lines;
4. it should be noted that the instantiation object body may differ in information that it includes during different stages of construction of the target product.
Step four: the ontology association mapping unit maps the process knowledge of the process knowledge ontology to the product object ontology class according to the related components, and performs process series connection on a certain change node by taking the sequence of the process steps as a time axis, wherein a dynamic association schematic diagram of the process knowledge and the object ontology is shown in fig. 7;
1. connecting the process knowledge body with the classes and the examples in the product object body by using the object attribute to form a process object body; for example, in the embodiment, the class of the product object body mapped to the measured pay-off activity class in the process knowledge body is an auxiliary measure class or a reference line and control line example;
2. determining a change node by referring to process route and process step arrangement information of a building product in a process design and planning stage, wherein a determination principle refers to the following points:
(1) The technical key points of special attention in the construction process, namely the technical method, the technical nodes, the quality control points and the quality general disease prevention and control points of special attention in the product construction process;
(2) The detail change possibly occurring in the process, namely, when the process change of detail nodes occurs in the same class or the same component under different conditions, the nodes are added according to different conditions so as to reflect the process change under different environmental conditions;
(3) When the number or the category of the geometric elements is changed, such as when the auxiliary process part is dismantled or cleaned after the product is built;
3. according to the principle, the embodiment determines that the node has the key points for controlling the thickness of the mortar joint, such as the requirement of the mortar joint in the layered masonry engineering, the requirement of reinforcing the two sides of the door and window hole by adopting the building blocks with other sizes in the masonry process, and the requirement of removing the template after the construction column is poured;
4. aiming at the determined process nodes, taking the process object body and combining the changes of the process knowledge body mapped to the process object body as the process object body to evolve into a time axis in the sequence of working procedures and steps, and connecting the process object bodies with the series of dynamic changes in series;
5. after the injection is established, the process object body library management unit distributes the established process object body to process personnel to check the planned file;
6. the typical process object body library management and calling unit completes the preservation of the process object body which passes the inspection, and the reuse and management of the process expression of similar building products are realized.
Step five: the process issuing unit facing the actual engineering generates an interactive process guidance file;
1. the process generating unit takes the process object body as a support to finish outputting the digital process file to the flow expressed by the process object body, and simultaneously, the process file with various formats such as Excel, 3DPDF, EXE and the like is released and formed according to the actual application requirements according to the generated digital process file to manufacture the interactive process file with the corresponding format. In the embodiment, an EXE format and an Excel format process guidance file are issued according to the related platform, the EXE format file is issued based on the CATIA Composer platform, and the Excel format file is edited by means of an ActiveX plug-in and Office software.
2. Each level of approval personnel enter a process column to review the process file, if the approval is not passed, the process file is returned to the generation interface to be edited continuously, and if the approval is passed, the interactive process information expression file is issued to guide related personnel to produce and build building products;
the operation needs multiple software platforms and hardware support, and the embodiment selects, but is not limited to, a windbell platform, wherein the windbell platform is used as a development environment for collaborative management among multidimensional software systems, and provides a scheme for collaborative work of the multidimensional software platforms and integrated management of three-dimensional process information.
The foregoing describes a process management system and method employing an ontology according to the present invention in a specific and detailed manner, but is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, modifications and substitutions are made to some technical features of the present process management system and the method thereof without departing from the scope of the present invention. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present invention is to be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. The process management system using the ontology is characterized by comprising a process management and query unit, a process object ontology creation and management unit and a process release unit; wherein,,
the process management and query unit is used for identifying and extracting process knowledge in the process information, organizing and arranging the extracted process knowledge to construct a process knowledge body and outputting the structured process knowledge;
the process management and query unit comprises a process information importing unit, a process information processing unit, a process knowledge query unit and a typical process knowledge base management and call unit, wherein the process information importing unit is used for collecting, importing and storing process information to form a process resource base; the process information processing unit classifies process knowledge in a process resource library, organizes and sorts the process knowledge based on the body structure, and outputs documents based on RDF frames; the process knowledge query unit is used for querying process information by taking the RDF frame document as a data source, which is output by the process information processing unit; the typical process knowledge base management and calling unit is used for realizing the inquiry and multiplexing of the product process knowledge body;
the process object body creation and management unit is used for developing and importing a product object body and carrying out corresponding treatment on the product object body, constructing a product object body description target product, and associatively mapping the product object body and the process knowledge body to form a process object body and managing the process object body;
the process object body creation and management unit comprises a product object body import unit, an object association mapping unit and a typical process object body library management and calling unit, wherein the product object body import unit is used for developing and importing a product object body describing a target product; the body association mapping unit is used for realizing alignment mapping on the product object body and the process knowledge body by using the object attribute, and determining the change node by referring to the process steps to connect the process object bodies of the target products in different production stages in series; the typical process object body library management and calling unit is used for realizing parameterization modification and rapid creation of the process object bodies of the same class;
the process release unit is used for outputting the process object body information in an interactive format, wherein the information covers the target product object and the related process information required by production.
2. The process management system for utilizing an ontology according to claim 1, wherein the process publishing unit includes a process generating unit and a process review unit, the process generating unit being configured to implement the production of an interactable process file based on the process object ontology; the process review unit is used for distributing the process document to conduct review work.
3. The process management system for use with a body according to claim 1, wherein the process information includes discrete process information designed into the production process and activity information of each process step stage in the production process.
4. The process management system according to claim 1, wherein the product object body is derived from a product design stage, and fully depends on design information and actual production practice to reflect target products and production information.
5. A process management method using an ontology, the process management method being implemented by the process management system using an ontology according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the process management method comprises the steps of:
the process information importing unit gathers discrete process information in the production process, wherein the discrete process information comprises the production process information, an operation method and technical points;
the process information processing unit classifies and sorts discrete process information, constructs a process knowledge body and outputs the process knowledge body in a structured expression language, and performs early work for transmission, exchange and query of process knowledge;
the product object body importing unit aggregates product information, wherein the product information comprises geometric information, attribute information and annotation information, the product object body aims at describing a target product, and auxiliary facility information required by the target product object is supplemented according to the process knowledge body;
the ontology association mapping unit maps the process knowledge of the process knowledge ontology to the product object ontology class according to the related components, and performs process series connection on the change nodes by taking the sequence of the process steps as a time axis;
the process issuing unit generates an interactive process guidance file.
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