CN116616890A - Bipolar electric coagulation forceps for sucking liquid during operation - Google Patents
Bipolar electric coagulation forceps for sucking liquid during operation Download PDFInfo
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- CN116616890A CN116616890A CN202310544726.0A CN202310544726A CN116616890A CN 116616890 A CN116616890 A CN 116616890A CN 202310544726 A CN202310544726 A CN 202310544726A CN 116616890 A CN116616890 A CN 116616890A
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- forceps
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- A61B18/14—Probes or electrodes therefor
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- A61L31/00—Materials for other surgical articles, e.g. stents, stent-grafts, shunts, surgical drapes, guide wires, materials for adhesion prevention, occluding devices, surgical gloves, tissue fixation devices
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- A61L31/00—Materials for other surgical articles, e.g. stents, stent-grafts, shunts, surgical drapes, guide wires, materials for adhesion prevention, occluding devices, surgical gloves, tissue fixation devices
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Abstract
The invention discloses a bipolar electric coagulation forceps for sucking liquid by smoking in an operation, which comprises a multifunctional forceps head, a smoking liquid suction pipe and a handle, wherein the multifunctional forceps head is arranged at the front end of the handle, and the smoking liquid suction pipe is arranged in the multifunctional forceps head. Through establishing the smoking pipette in the bottom of the excessive clamping baffle of preventing of first binding clip for at multi-functional binding clip during operation, can accomplish smoking imbibition work, prevent smog and the liquid that produces in the operation process, influence the exposure of the visual field in the operation, thereby improved the security performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a medical apparatus, in particular to a bipolar electrocoagulation forceps for sucking liquid by smoking in operation.
Background
Laparoscopy is a newly developed minimally invasive surgical method and is a necessary trend for the development of the surgery in the 21 st century. Currently, laparoscopes are used in most gynecological surgical treatments, such as: uterine fibroids, ovarian tumors, cervical cancers, endometrial cancers, ovarian cancers, endometriosis, and the like. The laparoscopic surgery is usually that a plurality of small holes are formed in the abdomen, a puncture sleeve needle is penetrated, surgical instruments such as a laparoscope, a laparoscopic surgery clamp and the like are inserted into the abdominal cavity through the puncture sleeve, a doctor observes the conditions in the abdominal cavity through the laparoscope, the laparoscopic surgery clamp is used for clamping, grabbing, pulling, fixing, stripping and the like tissue and organs in the surgery, the bipolar electro-coagulation clamp is one of the laparoscopic surgery clamps, various smoke and liquid are inevitably generated in the use process of the bipolar electro-coagulation clamp, the exposure of the visual field in the laparoscopic surgery is affected, the human body is adversely affected, the traditional bipolar electro-coagulation clamp is easily affected by smoke in the minimally invasive surgery due to the fact that the traditional bipolar electro-coagulation clamp has no corresponding smoke treatment function, and then potential safety hazards are brought to the surgery work and improvement is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the background art and provides a bipolar electro-coagulation forceps for sucking liquid by smoking in an operation.
The technical aim of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the bipolar electric coagulation forceps are characterized by comprising a multifunctional forceps head, a smoking pipette and a handle, wherein the multifunctional forceps head is arranged at the front end of the handle, and the smoking pipette is arranged in the multifunctional forceps head.
The multifunctional binding clip comprises a first binding clip and a second binding clip, wherein the first binding clip is provided with an upper toothed clamping electrocoagulation strip formed along the length direction, the second binding clip is provided with a lower toothed clamping electrocoagulation strip matched with the upper toothed clamping electrocoagulation strip formed along the length direction, the front end of the first binding clip is provided with an excessive clamping prevention baffle, the excessive clamping prevention baffle is arranged on the inner side of the second binding clip, the excessive clamping prevention baffle is higher than the upper toothed clamping electrocoagulation strip, clamping can be prevented, the upper toothed clamping electrocoagulation strip is arranged at the rear of the excessive clamping prevention baffle, and meanwhile, a tube placing space is formed between the excessive clamping baffle and the inner side of the first binding clip, so that a smoking tube cannot be extruded in the process of clamping, the excessive clamping prevention baffle is provided with a tube mounting groove along the length direction of the first binding clip, and the smoking tube is arranged in the tube mounting groove.
According to the invention, the smoking pipette is arranged at the bottom of the excessive clamping prevention baffle plate of the first clamp head, so that the smoking and pipetting work can be completed when the multifunctional clamp head works, smoke and liquid generated in the operation process are prevented, and the exposure of the visual field in the operation is prevented, so that the safety performance is improved.
Preferably, the handle comprises a sleeve, a clamp head opening and closing mechanism and a shell, the sleeve is connected with the shell, the multifunctional clamp head is arranged at the front end of the sleeve and extends out of a pipe orifice of the sleeve, and the clamp head opening and closing mechanism controls the opening and closing actions of the multifunctional clamp head.
Preferably, the pliers head opening and closing mechanism comprises a slide bar, a slide block, a front handle and a rear handle, wherein the slide bar penetrates through a tube hole of the sleeve, the slide block is fixed on the outer side of the slide bar and is in sliding connection with the sleeve, the rear handle is in rotary connection with the starting end of the slide bar, a second pliers head fixing plate is formed on one side, close to the slide bar, of the second pliers head, a first mounting hole and a second mounting hole are sequentially formed in the second pliers head fixing plate from left to right, the first mounting hole is higher than the second mounting hole, a third mounting hole matched with the first mounting hole is formed in the slide bar, and the slide bar is in rotary connection with the first mounting hole through the third mounting hole;
The utility model discloses a pliers, including slide bar, first binding clip, second binding clip, sleeve pipe, first binding clip fixed plate, second binding clip, first binding clip is close to one side shaping of slide bar has two first binding clip fixed plates, two first binding clip fixed plates are established the both sides of second binding clip fixed plate, fourth mounting hole and fifth mounting hole have been seted up from left to right to first binding clip fixed plate, the fourth mounting hole with the second mounting hole corresponds each other, the height of fifth mounting hole is higher than the height of fourth mounting hole, first binding clip fixed plate with the second binding clip fixed plate passes through fourth mounting hole and is connected with the rotation of second mounting hole, be equipped with the fixed pin on the fifth mounting hole, the sleeve pipe is located the both sides of first binding clip fixed plate are equipped with the extension board, the extension board with the fixed pin is connected.
According to the invention, the sliding rod is controlled to retract inwards through the pressing of the rear handle, so that the first clamp head and the second clamp head are closed, the clamping, electrocoagulation and coagulation breaking functions are completed, the rear handle is loosened, the sliding rod extends outwards, and the first clamp head and the second clamp head are opened.
Preferably, the inside of slide bar is cavity, the tail end fixedly connected with closing cap of slide bar, the middle part fixedly connected with connecting plate of closing cap, the third mounting hole is established on the connecting plate, the closing cap is close to one side at extension board top has been seted up the smoking mouth, the smoking mouth with the smoking pipette passes through first hose connection, the smoking mouth with connect through quick sealing connection spare between the first hose, still seted up the apopore on the lateral wall of slide bar, be connected with the second hose on the apopore, be equipped with the negative pressure suction joint on the front handle, the negative pressure suction joint is connected with negative pressure device, negative pressure device is including the vacuum pump, the end of second hose with the negative pressure suction joint is connected.
According to the invention, the absorbed smoke and liquid enter the sliding rod through the first hose and then are sucked through the second hose, so that the sliding rod can be used as a connecting rod and a smoking pipe, and the double-coagulation forceps have a smoking function and are more convenient and faster to use on the premise of not changing the size of the original double-coagulation forceps.
Preferably, the quick sealing adapter comprises a female connector arranged on the smoking port and a male connector arranged on the first hose and matched with the female connector, the female connector comprises a fixed seat with a hollow inside, a compression spring, balls, a ball baffle tube and a hand-held sleeve, the fixed seat comprises a first fixed tube and a second fixed tube which are mutually communicated, the diameter of the second fixed tube is smaller than that of the first fixed tube, the first fixed tube is fixedly connected with the smoking port and mutually communicated, a plurality of ball mounting conical through grooves are formed in the inner wall of the second fixed tube along the circumferential direction, the diameters of the ball mounting conical through grooves are sequentially increased along the direction from the inner side wall to the outer side wall of the second fixed tube, the balls are arranged in the ball mounting conical through grooves, the compression spring is arranged at the bottom of the second fixed tube, the ball baffle tube is arranged at the outer side of the second fixed tube and at the top of the compression spring, one end of the compression spring is tightly propped against the ball baffle tube, the other end of the compression spring is tightly propped against the first fixed tube, the ball baffle tube is tightly propped against the outer side wall of the first fixed sleeve, the ball baffle tube is arranged at the outer side of the fixed baffle tube, and can be fixedly connected with the hand-held sleeve, and the ball baffle tube is arranged at the position of the outer side of the inner side of the ball baffle tube, and the ball baffle tube is fixed at the outer side of the inner diameter of the side of the ball pipe;
The male connector comprises an inserting rod with a hollow inside, a ball clamping groove which is convenient for balls to fall in is formed in the outer side wall of the inserting rod, more than three elastic sealing rings are arranged on the outer side wall of the inserting rod along the axial direction in an array mode, and the front end of the inserting rod is conical and is convenient to insert.
According to the invention, the compression spring is extruded by sliding and pressing the handheld sleeve, so that the ball baffle tube is displaced and leaves the balls, the balls can move, then the inserted rod on the male connector is inserted into the fixed seat of the female connector, the balls are extruded out of the inner wall of the second fixed tube, then the balls are clamped into the ball clamping grooves of the inserted rod, then the hand is loosened, the handheld sleeve and the ball baffle tube are subjected to the elasticity of the compression spring and are displaced, the ball baffle tube blocks the outer side wall of the conical through groove for installing the balls, and therefore quick installation between the first hose and the sliding rod is completed, the disassembly and the installation are convenient, the later maintenance is convenient, and meanwhile, the sealing performance between the first hose and the sliding rod is enhanced through the elastic sealing ring.
Preferably, the tail ends of the first binding clip and the second binding clip are hooked, and a coagulation breaking bar is further arranged on the inner side of the second binding clip and is arranged between the two lower tooth-shaped clamping electrocoagulation bars.
The invention clamps and electrocoagulation tissues by the cooperation of the upper tooth-shaped clamping electrocoagulation strip of the first clamp head and the lower tooth-shaped clamping electrocoagulation strip of the second clamp head, hooks are formed at the tail ends of the first clamp head and the second clamp head, the tissues can be hooked, clamped and stripped in the operation process, and small blood vessels and tissues can be effectively coagulated and broken by the coagulation strip in the operation process, so that the bipolar electrocoagulation clamp has multiple functions, and the bipolar electrocoagulation clamp does not need to be continuously replaced in the operation process, thereby shortening the operation time.
The width of congeal the broken bar is from being close to the one side of second binding clip to keeping away from the one side of second binding clip and reduce gradually, and the cross-section is triangle-shaped, first binding clip be equipped with congeal the V-arrangement draw-in groove that broken bar mutually supported, congeal the top surface of broken bar be higher than the top surface of upper tooth form centre gripping electricity congeals the strip, the top surface of V-arrangement draw-in groove be higher than the internal surface of first binding clip to can congeal the breaking with the tissue after making the centre gripping.
The coagulation breaking bar is gradually reduced from one surface close to the second clamp head to one surface far away from the second clamp head, so that the stability of the coagulation breaking bar can be ensured, the sharpness of the coagulation breaking bar can be ensured, and the tissue is coagulated by the cooperation of the V-shaped clamping groove and the coagulation breaking bar.
Preferably, two lower tooth-shaped clamping electrocoagulation strips are arranged and are parallel to each other, the lower tooth-shaped clamping electrocoagulation strips comprise a plurality of first tooth bodies and first tooth grooves which are alternately arranged in sequence, the end surfaces of the first tooth bodies are first arc surfaces protruding upwards, and the bottoms of the first tooth grooves are second arc surfaces protruding downwards; the upper toothed clamping electrocoagulation strip comprises a plurality of second tooth bodies and second tooth grooves which are sequentially and alternately arranged, the second tooth bodies correspond to the tooth grooves, and the second tooth grooves correspond to the first tooth bodies.
According to the invention, the first tooth socket is matched with the second tooth socket, and the first tooth socket is matched with the second tooth socket to clamp and electrically coagulate tissues, and the arc-shaped surface is designed to enlarge the contact area with the tissues, so that the tissue is convenient to clamp.
The end face of the first tooth body and the bottom of the first tooth groove can be plane and can be tip.
The slide bar (11) adopts alpha-Al 2O3 nano particles/magnesium oxide/polypropylene nano insulating materials, the use is safer, and the preparation process of the alpha-Al 2O3 nano particles/magnesium oxide/polypropylene nano insulating materials comprises the following steps:
Step (1) alpha-Al 2 O 3 Preparation of nanoparticles
After washing the high-purity Al sheet with dilute hydrochloric acid, pouring out the dilute hydrochloric acid, and reacting the Al sheet with a dilute mercuric chloride solution to form a small amount of Al amalgam on the surface of the Al sheet. Pouring out dilute mercuric chloride solution, cleaning the Al sheet for multiple times, and reacting the Al sheet with high-purity deionized water under microwave heating; after removing unreacted Al sheets, the obtained suspension was centrifugally separated to obtain settled AlOOH nanoparticles. Heating AlOOH nanometer particles and isooctanoic acid in xylene solution to react, refluxing, stirring to form a gelatinous mixture, adding diethyl ether into the mixture, filtering, and oven drying the filtered solid to obtain Al 2 O 3 A calcined precursor; al is added with 2 O 3 Heating the precursor to a plurality of fixed temperatures, and then preserving heat and calcining; for alpha-Al produced by calcining at higher temperature 2 O 3 The product uses high purity Al 2 O 3 Container and high purity Al 2 O 3 Ball milling to reduce agglomerate, ultrasonic dispersing ball milled product with absolute ethyl alcohol, centrifuging to separate particles, and taking the upper suspension as nanometer alpha-Al 2 O 3 The particle dispersion is ready for subsequent use;
preparation of magnesium oxide/polypropylene nano insulating material in step (2)
According to the design formula, the material matrix is polypropylene, and POE (polyolefin elastomer) modified body, antioxidant 1010 and antioxidant 168 are added, wherein the mass fraction of POE is 2-8%. The mass fraction of the nano magnesium oxide is 0.5-2.5% respectively;
Blending: 1) Heating up a Hark mixer or a double-roller open mill, and adding polypropylene particles and nano magnesium oxide until the polypropylene particles and the nano magnesium oxide are slowly melted; 2) After partial melting of the polypropylene and magnesium oxide, antioxidant 1010 and antioxidant 168 are added, followed by the addition of POE elastomer particles. Allowing the mixture to mix uniformly during the melting process; 3) After being mixed uniformly, the mixture is taken down, and the sheet-shaped mixture material is built into small block-shaped materials when the mixture is hot.
Tabletting: 1) Heating up the tablet press, putting the block materials obtained by blending into a die, putting into a press, preheating and tabletting; 2) Taking down the die, and putting the die into a cold press for cooling; 3) And taking out the die to obtain the magnesium oxide/polypropylene nano insulation test sample material.
Step (3) alpha-Al 2 O 3 Preparation of nanoparticle/magnesia/polypropylene nano insulating material
Heating magnesium oxide/polypropylene nano insulating material, and heating alpha-Al 2 O 3 Nanoparticle dispersion is added to control nano alpha-Al in magnesium oxide/polypropylene nano material 2 O 3 The mass fraction of the particles in the magnesium oxide/polypropylene nano insulating composite material is 2-5%, the dispersion liquid solvent is distilled off in a vacuum environment, and then the nano alpha-Al is distilled off 2 O 3 The mixture of particles and magnesium oxide/polypropylene nanomaterial is stirred under the same pressure. And adding a curing agent, wherein the mass ratio of the magnesium oxide/polypropylene nano material to the curing agent is 70:30-90:45, and continuously stirring at the same temperature and pressure. Pouring the hot magnesium oxide/polypropylene nano insulating material slurry into a mould which is thermally sprayed with a release agent, and heating and curing. The mold used in casting consists of multiple layers of stainless steel sheets, the inside of the mold is designed with a pore canal with a specific shape according to the shape parameters of the required sample, and various samples representing the required shape are formed after casting and solidification.
Preferably, step (1) alpha-Al 2 O 3 The preparation method of the nano-particles comprises the following steps: firstly, washing a high-purity Al sheet by using dilute hydrochloric acid (0.1 mol/L) for 15-18 min, pouring the dilute hydrochloric acid, reacting the Al sheet with a dilute mercuric chloride (0.1 mol/L) solution for 15-18 min, and forming a small amount of Al amalgam on the surface of the Al sheet.
Preferably, in the second step, the dilute mercuric chloride solution is poured out, the Al sheet is cleaned for multiple times, and the Al sheet reacts with 20MΩ high-purity deionized water under 2400-2480 MHz microwave heating for 20-25 min.
Preferably, in the third step, after unreacted Al flakes are removed, the obtained suspension is centrifugally separated for 15-18 min at 3800-4000 rpm to obtain settled AlOOH nano particles.
By adopting the technology, obvious hydroxyl oxygen exists on the surface of the AlOOH nano particles, and a large amount of adsorbed oxygen exists on the surface of the AlOOH nano particles because the surface hydroxyl groups can form hydrogen bonds with oxygen in the air. alpha-Al 2 O 3 The surface of the nanoparticle adsorbs the least oxygen and the lattice oxygen is the most, which is an external manifestation of its high crystallinity.
Preferably, in the fourth step, alOOH nano particles and isooctanoic acid are heated to 120-150 ℃ in a xylene solution to react and reflux and stir for 18-20 hours to form a gelatinous mixture, diethyl ether is added into the mixture and then the mixture is filtered, and the filtered solid is dried for 8-10 hours at 80-90 ℃ to obtain Al 2 O 3 Calcined precursor.
The hydroxyl (-OH) existing on the surface of the nano AlOOH may generate an electric double layer at the interface between the polypropylene matrix and the nano particles, and at a lower temperature, the electric double layer can become a potential well for limiting the movement of carriers, and when the temperature increases, the kinetic energy of the carriers increases, so that the carriers can jump between potential legs around adjacent nano particles, and the resistivity drops rapidly.
Preferably, in the fifth step, al 2 O 3 And heating the precursor to 800-1200 ℃ at a speed of 5-10 ℃/min, and then preserving heat and calcining for 1-3 h.
Preferably, in the sixth step, the alpha-Al produced by calcination at a relatively high temperature 2 O 3 The product uses high purity Al 2 O 3 Container and high purity Al 2 O 3 Ball milling is carried out on the balls to reduce agglomerates, the ball milling product is dispersed by absolute ethyl alcohol in an ultrasonic way, the ball milling product is centrifuged for 5-10 min at the rotating speed of 1500-2000 rpm to carry out particle classification, and the suspension at the upper layer is taken as nano alpha-Al 2 O 3 The particle dispersion is ready for subsequent use.
alpha-Al prepared by adopting the technology of the invention 2 O 3 The nano-particles substantially overcome the problem of sintering agglomeration. The average particle size of the nano particles gradually shrinks after calcination, and the particle size distribution shows that the sintering agglomerate possibly generated in the calcination process is ball-milled to obtain the nano-particles And hexyl radical is eliminated after particle classification, so alpha-Al 2 O 3 Nanoparticles relative to AlOOH and gamma-Al 2 The O nano particles have smaller average particle size and more concentrated particle size distribution.
Preferably, the preparation method of the magnesium oxide/polypropylene nano-insulation material in the step (2) comprises the following steps: in the first step, a formula is designed, a material matrix is polypropylene, and a POE modifier, an antioxidant 1010 and an antioxidant 168 are added, wherein the mass fraction of POE is 2-8%. The mass fraction of the nano magnesium oxide is 0.5-2.5 percent respectively.
By adopting the invention, more holes or gaps are not observed in the interface of the particle polypropylene matrix, which indicates that the surface modified nano magnesium oxide filler and polypropylene have good interface adhesion.
Preferably, in the second step, blending: 1) Heating to 200-250 ℃ by a Hark mixer or a double-roller open mill, and adding polypropylene particles and nano magnesium oxide until the polypropylene particles and the nano magnesium oxide are slowly melted; 2) After partial melting of the polypropylene and magnesium oxide, antioxidant 1010 and antioxidant 168 are added, followed by the addition of POE elastomer particles. Allowing the mixture to mix uniformly during the melting process; 3) After being mixed uniformly, the mixture is taken down, and the sheet-shaped mixture material is built into small block-shaped materials when the mixture is hot.
The magnesium oxide nano particles can effectively change the distribution of space charges under a high electric field, and the space charges have an inhibiting effect, so that the composite material is more difficult to break down.
Preferably, in the third step, tabletting: 1) Heating the tablet press to 200-250 ℃, putting the block materials obtained by blending into a die, putting into a press, preheating for 3-5 min, and tabletting for 5-8 min; 2) Taking down the die, and putting the die into a cold press for cooling for 5-8 min; 3) And taking out the die to obtain the magnesium oxide/polypropylene nano insulation test sample material.
Preferably, step (3) alpha-Al 2 O 3 The preparation method of the nanoparticle/magnesia/polypropylene nano insulating material comprises the following steps: firstly, heating a magnesium oxide/polypropylene nano insulating material to 130-140 ℃, and heating alpha-Al 2 O 3 Adding nanoparticle dispersion liquid, controlling magnesium oxide/polypropyleneNanometer alpha-Al in alkene nanometer material 2 O 3 The mass fraction of the particles in the magnesium oxide/polypropylene nano insulating composite material is 2-5%, the dispersion liquid solvent is distilled off under the vacuum environment with the pressure of 0.02-0.1 MPa, and then the nano alpha-Al is distilled off 2 O 3 The mixture of the particles and the magnesium oxide/polypropylene nano material is mechanically stirred for 2-2.5 h at the same pressure and the rotating speed of 1000-1200 rpm.
With the invention, alpha-Al in the material 2 O 3 When the content is increased, the resistivity of the alloy basically tends to gradually rise at each temperature.
Preferably, in the second step, a curing agent is added, the mass ratio of the magnesium oxide/polypropylene nano material to the curing agent is 70:30-90:45, and the mechanical stirring is continued for 12-15 min at the rotating speed of 600-800 rpm.
Preferably, the curing agent is VORATRON TM EH314。
Preferably, in the third step, the hot magnesia/polypropylene nanometer insulating material slurry is poured into a mould with a thermal spraying release agent, and is heated and solidified to obtain alpha-Al 2 O 3 Nanoparticle/magnesia/polypropylene nano-insulation.
Polypropylene is a polymer synthesized by addition polymerization of propylene, is an important synthetic resin, and is rapidly developed, and is the fourth in the yield of five synthetic resins. The polypropylene has the advantages of simple synthesis process, rich raw materials, low price, no toxicity, low density, good electrical insulation, corrosion resistance, good processability, transparency and the like compared with other general thermoplastic plastics. Polypropylene has excellent elastic modulus, surface hardness, tensile strength, yield strength and the like, and is widely used in industries such as electric power, chemical industry, machinery, transportation and the like.
Modification of polypropylene is classified into physical modification and chemical modification. The physical modification refers to adding other organic materials, inorganic materials, other rubber varieties, plastic varieties and thermoplastic elastomers or additives with special functions into a polypropylene matrix, and mixing and preparing the polypropylene composite material with excellent performance. Physical modifications include blend modifications, fill modifications, nano modifications, and the like. The chemical modification means that other components are introduced into a polypropylene macromolecular chain through block and graft copolymerization, or modification is carried out through a foaming agent and a nucleating agent, so that the polypropylene has excellent ageing resistance, heat resistance and higher shock resistance. Chemical modifications include crosslinking modifications, copolymerization modifications, grafting modifications, crystallization nucleating agent modifications, and the like.
Polymer-based nanocomposite dielectrics are composite systems in which inorganic fillers are uniformly dispersed in a polymer in a nanoscale, also known as nanoelectrodes. However, systematic studies on the electrical properties of the nano-insulation material have been initiated relatively late. The nano insulating material has large specific surface area and high activity of nano particles, so that a huge interface area is easily formed with a matrix polymer, and a complex interface structure with strong interaction is generated. Thus, the electrical properties of the dielectric may be affected or improved to varying degrees from different aspects. Currently, research into nano dielectrics and development of attractive advanced dielectrics and electrical insulation materials have become research hotspots in the field of dielectrics.
Compared with the traditional polypropylene insulating material, the nano MgO and Al adopting the technical proposal of the invention 2 O 3 The particles can obviously improve the direct current and alternating current breakdown strength, the tensile strength and the insulating strength of polypropylene.
Therefore, the nano particles are used as the modifier of the polyolefin insulating material, the purpose of improving the electrical performance of the polyolefin insulating material can be achieved, meanwhile, the polypropylene can realize the development and the application of the environment-friendly insulating material, and the environment-friendly insulating material has great prospect in the aspect of promoting the increase of environmental benefits. Nano MgO, al 2 O 3 The particles can improve the breakdown strength of PP, reduce the concentration of space charges, and ensure that other performances of PP are not greatly reduced.
In summary, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, the smoking pipette is arranged at the bottom of the excessive clamping prevention baffle plate of the first clamp head, so that the smoking and pipetting work can be completed when the multifunctional clamp head works, smoke and liquid generated in the operation process are prevented, and the exposure of the visual field in the operation is prevented, so that the safety performance is improved.
2. According to the invention, the absorbed smoke and liquid enter the sliding rod through the first hose and then are sucked through the second hose, so that the sliding rod can be used as a connecting rod and a smoking pipe, and the double-coagulation forceps have a smoking function and are more convenient and faster to use on the premise of not changing the size of the original double-coagulation forceps.
3. According to the invention, the compression spring is extruded by sliding and pressing the handheld sleeve, so that the ball baffle tube is displaced and leaves the balls, the balls can move, then the inserted rod on the male connector is inserted into the fixed seat of the female connector, the balls are extruded out of the inner wall of the second fixed tube, then the balls are clamped into the ball clamping grooves of the inserted rod, then the hand is loosened, the handheld sleeve and the ball baffle tube are subjected to the elasticity of the compression spring and are displaced, the ball baffle tube blocks the outer side wall of the conical through groove for installing the balls, and therefore quick installation between the first hose and the sliding rod is completed, the disassembly and the installation are convenient, the later maintenance is convenient, and meanwhile, the sealing performance between the first hose and the sliding rod is enhanced through the elastic sealing ring.
4. The slide bar of the invention adopts alpha-Al 2O3 nano particles/magnesia/polypropylene nano insulating material, the nano particles of the material are used as modifier of polyolefin insulating material, the aim of improving the electrical performance of the material can be realized, meanwhile, the polypropylene can realize the development and application of environment-friendly insulating material, and the slide bar has great prospect in promoting the growth of environmental benefit. The nanometer MgO and Al2O3 particles can improve the breakdown strength of PP, reduce the concentration of space charges, ensure that other performances of PP are not greatly reduced, and improve the use safety performance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a bipolar electrocoagulation clamp of the present invention in its entirety;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of the present invention at A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the front end of a bipolar electrocoagulation clamp of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a first binding clip of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of the connection of the present invention to an extension plate;
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a multi-functional binding clip of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a second binding clip of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a first binding clip of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic view of the multifunctional binding clip of the present invention in a ready-to-use state.
FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a quick-seal coupling of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a male connector of the present invention just inserted into a female connector;
FIG. 12 is a schematic illustration of alpha-Al 2 O 3 The preparation process of nanometer insulating nanometer particle/magnesia/polypropylene material.
The following specific examples are intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not intended to be limiting, as modifications of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the specification without inventive contribution thereto, and are intended to be protected by the patent law within the scope of the appended claims.
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1-9, a bipolar electric coagulation forceps for surgical smoking and imbibition comprises a multifunctional forceps head 3, a smoking pipette 5 and a handle 50, wherein the multifunctional forceps head 3 is arranged at the front end of the handle 50, the smoking pipette 5 is arranged in the multifunctional forceps head 3, the multifunctional forceps head 3 comprises a first forceps head 31 and a second forceps head 32, the first forceps head 31 is provided with an upper toothed clamping electric coagulation bar 311 along the length direction, the second forceps head 32 is provided with a lower toothed clamping electric coagulation bar 321 which is mutually matched with the upper toothed clamping electric coagulation bar 311 along the length direction, the front end of the first forceps head 31 is provided with an excessive clamping prevention baffle 314, the excessive clamping prevention baffle is arranged at the inner side of the second forceps head 32, the upper toothed clamping electric coagulation bar 311 is arranged behind the excessive clamping prevention baffle 314, the excessive clamping prevention baffle 314 is provided with a pipe installation groove 315 along the length direction of the first clamp head 31, the smoking pipette 5 is arranged in the pipe installation groove 315, a pipe placing space 310 is formed between the excessive clamping prevention baffle 314 and the first clamp head 32, the handle comprises a sleeve 2, a clamp head opening and closing mechanism 1 and a shell 4, the sleeve 2 is connected with the shell 4, the multifunctional clamp head 3 is arranged at the front end of the sleeve 2 and extends out of a pipe orifice of the sleeve 2, the clamp head opening and closing mechanism 3 controls the opening and closing action of the multifunctional clamp head 3, the clamp head opening and closing mechanism 1 comprises a slide bar 11, a slide block 12, a front handle 13 and a rear handle 14, the slide bar 11 penetrates through a pipe orifice of the sleeve 2, the slide block 12 is fixed at the outer side of the slide bar 11 and is in sliding connection with the sleeve 2, the rear handle 14 is in rotating connection with the starting end of the slide bar 11, a second clamp head fixing plate 35 is formed on one side of the second clamp head 32, which is close to the slide rod 11, a first mounting hole 351 and a second mounting hole 352 are sequentially formed on the second clamp head fixing plate 35 from left to right, the height of the first mounting hole 351 is higher than that of the second mounting hole 352, a third mounting hole 110 matched with the first mounting hole is formed on the slide rod 11, and the slide rod 11 and the second clamp head fixing plate 35 are rotatably connected with the first mounting hole 351 through the third mounting hole 110;
Two first binding clip fixing plates 36 are formed on one side of the first binding clip 31, which is close to the slide bar 11, the two first binding clip fixing plates 36 are arranged on two sides of the second binding clip fixing plate 35, a fourth mounting hole 361 and a fifth mounting hole 362 are formed on two sides of the first binding clip fixing plate 36 from left to right, the fourth mounting hole 361 corresponds to the second mounting hole 362, the height of the fifth mounting hole 362 is higher than that of the fourth mounting hole 361, the first binding clip fixing plate 36 and the second binding clip fixing plate 35 are connected with the second mounting hole 361 in a rotating manner through the fourth mounting hole 361, a fixing pin 363 is arranged on the fifth mounting hole 362, an extension plate 211 is arranged on two sides of the first binding clip fixing plate 36, the extension plate 211 is connected with the fixing pin 363, the inside of the slide bar 11 is hollow, the tail end of the sliding rod 11 is fixedly connected with a sealing cover 111, the middle part of the sealing cover 111 is fixedly connected with a connecting plate 112, the third mounting hole 110 is arranged on the connecting plate 112, one side of the sealing cover 111, which is close to the top of the extension plate 211, is provided with a smoke suction opening 113, the smoke suction opening 113 is connected with the smoke suction pipette 5 through a first hose 114, the smoke suction opening 113 is connected with the first hose 114 through a quick sealing connecting piece 6, the side wall of the sliding rod 11 is also provided with an outlet hole, the outlet hole is connected with a second hose 15, the front handle 13 is provided with a negative pressure suction joint 151, the tail end of the second hose 15 is connected with the negative pressure suction joint 151, the tail ends of the first clamp head 31 and the second clamp head 32 are hooked, two lower tooth-shaped clamping electrocoagulation strips 321 are arranged, the two lower tooth-shaped clamping electrocoagulation strips 321 are mutually parallel, the lower tooth-shaped clamping electrocoagulation bar 321 comprises a plurality of first tooth bodies 322 and first tooth grooves 323 which are sequentially and alternately arranged, wherein the end surface of the first tooth body 322 is provided with a first arc-shaped surface 324 protruding upwards, and the bottom of the first tooth groove 323 is provided with a second arc-shaped surface 325 protruding downwards; the upper tooth-shaped clamping electrocoagulation strip 311 comprises a plurality of second tooth bodies 312 and second tooth grooves 313 which are alternately arranged in sequence, the second tooth bodies 312 correspond to the tooth grooves 323, the second tooth grooves 313 correspond to the first tooth bodies 323, the inner sides of the second clamp heads 32 are also provided with coagulation breaking strips 33, the coagulation breaking strips 33 are arranged between the two lower tooth-shaped clamping electrocoagulation strips 321, the width of the coagulation breaking strips 33 is gradually reduced from one surface close to the second clamp heads 31 to one surface far away from the second clamp heads 31, the first clamp heads 31 are provided with V-shaped clamping grooves 34 which are mutually matched with the coagulation breaking strips 33, and the top surfaces of the coagulation breaking strips 33 are higher than the top surfaces of the upper tooth-shaped clamping electrocoagulation strips 321, and the top surfaces of the V-shaped clamping grooves 34 are higher than the inner surfaces of the first clamp heads 31.
As shown in fig. 10-11, the quick-sealing adapter 6 comprises a female connector 61 provided on the smoking port 113 and a male connector 62 provided on the first hose 114 and cooperating with the female connector 61, the female connector 61 comprises a hollow fixed seat 611, a compression spring 612, balls 613, a ball baffle tube 614 and a holding sleeve 615, the fixed seat 611 comprises a first fixed tube 616 and a second fixed tube 617 which are mutually communicated, the diameter of the second fixed tube 617 is smaller than that of the first fixed tube 616, the first fixed tube 616 is fixedly connected with the smoking port 113 and mutually communicated, a plurality of ball mounting conical through grooves 618 are formed in the inner wall of the second fixed tube 617 along the circumferential direction, the diameters of the ball mounting conical through grooves 618 are sequentially increased along the direction from the inner side wall to the outer side wall of the second fixed tube 617, the balls 613 are arranged in the ball mounting conical through grooves 618, the compression spring 612 is arranged at the bottom of the second fixed tube 617, the diameter of the second fixed tube 617 is smaller than that of the first fixed tube 616, the balls are tightly pressed against the outer side wall of the second fixed tube 614, the balls are tightly pressed against the outer side wall of the first fixed tube 614, and the balls are tightly pressed against the outer side wall of the fixed tube 616;
The male connector 62 includes a hollow insert rod 621, a ball clamping groove 622 is formed in the outer side wall of the insert rod 621, balls are easy to fall into the ball clamping groove 622, more than three elastic sealing rings 623 are arranged on the outer side wall of the insert rod 621 along the axial direction in an array manner, and the front end of the insert rod is conical.
As shown in FIG. 12, the slide bar is made of alpha-Al 2 O 3 Nanoparticle/magnesia/polypropylene nano-insulation material, alpha-Al 2 O 3 The preparation process of the nanoparticle/magnesia/polypropylene nano insulating material comprises the following steps:
step (1) alpha-Al 2 O 3 Preparation of nanoparticles
After washing the high-purity Al sheet with dilute hydrochloric acid (0.1 mol/L) for 15min, pouring out the dilute hydrochloric acid, and reacting the Al sheet with a dilute mercuric chloride (0.1 mol/L) solution for 15min to form a small amount of Al amalgam on the surface of the Al sheet. Pouring out the dilute mercuric chloride solution, cleaning the Al sheet for multiple times, and reacting the Al sheet with 20MΩ high-purity deionized water under 2420MHz microwave heating for 20min. After removing unreacted Al flakes, the obtained suspension was centrifuged at 3800rpm for 15min to obtain settled AlOOH nanoparticles. The AlOOH nano particles and isooctanoic acid are heated to 120 ℃ in a xylene solution to react and reflux and stir for 18 hours to form a gelatinous mixture, the mixture is filtered after diethyl ether is added, and the filtered solid is dried at 80 DEG C Drying for 8h as Al 2 O 3 Calcined precursor. Al is added with 2 O 3 Heating the precursor to 900 ℃ at a speed of 5 ℃/min, and then preserving heat and calcining for 3 hours. For alpha-Al produced by calcining at higher temperature 2 O 3 The product uses high purity Al 2 O 3 Container and high purity Al 2 O 3 Ball milling to reduce agglomerates, ultrasonic dispersing ball milling product with absolute ethanol, centrifuging at 1500rpm for 10min for particle classification, and collecting upper suspension as nanometer alpha-Al 2 O 3 And (3) a particle dispersion.
Preparation of magnesium oxide/polypropylene nano insulating material in step (2)
The formula is designed, the material matrix is polypropylene, and POE modifier, antioxidant 1010 and antioxidant 168 are added, wherein the mass fraction of POE is 2%. The mass fractions of the nano magnesium oxide are respectively 1 percent.
Blending: 1) Heating to 200deg.C in a Hark mixer or a two-roll mill, adding polypropylene particles and nanometer magnesium oxide, and slowly melting; 2) After the polypropylene and nano magnesium oxide are partially melted, antioxidant 1010 and antioxidant 168 are added, and POE elastomer particles are added later. Allowing the mixture to mix uniformly during the melting process; 3) After being mixed uniformly, the mixture is taken down, and the sheet-shaped mixture material is built into small block-shaped materials when the mixture is hot.
Tabletting: 1) Heating the tablet press to 200 ℃, putting the block materials obtained by blending into a die, putting into a press, preheating for 3min, and tabletting for 5min; 2) Taking down the die, putting the die into a cold press for cooling for 5min; 3) And taking out the die to obtain the magnesium oxide/polypropylene nano insulation test sample material.
Step (3) alpha-Al 2 O 3 Preparation of nanoparticle/magnesia/polypropylene nano insulating material
Heating magnesium oxide/polypropylene nano insulating material to 130 ℃, and heating alpha-Al 2 O 3 Nanoparticle dispersion is added to control nano alpha-Al in magnesium oxide/polypropylene nano material 2 O 3 The mass fraction of the particles in the magnesium oxide/polypropylene nano-insulation composite material is 2 percent, and the particles are in a vacuum ring with the pressure of 0.02MPaDistilling to remove dispersion solvent, and adding nanometer alpha-Al 2 O 3 The mixture of particles and magnesium oxide/polypropylene nanomaterial was mechanically stirred at 1000rpm for 2 hours under the same pressure. Adding a curing agent, wherein the mass ratio of the magnesium oxide/polypropylene nano material to the curing agent is 70:30, and continuously mechanically stirring for 12min at the same temperature and pressure and a rotating speed of 600 rpm. Pouring the hot magnesium oxide/polypropylene nano insulating material slurry into a mould with a thermal spraying release agent, and heating and curing to obtain alpha-Al 2 O 3 Nanoparticle/magnesia/polypropylene nano-insulation.
Working principle:
as shown in fig. 1 to 8, when in use, the first forceps head 31 and the second forceps head 32 are hooked, forceps and the tissues are stripped, the upper tooth-shaped clamping electrocoagulation strip 311 and the lower tooth-shaped clamping electrocoagulation strip 321 of the second forceps head 32 are matched to clamp and electrocoagulation the tissues, the small blood vessels and tissues are effectively coagulated by the coagulation strip 33 in the operation process, so that the forceps have multiple functions, the forceps are not required to be continuously replaced in the operation process, the operation time is shortened, the smoke generated in the operation is sucked by the smoking pipette 5 in the operation process, then the first hose 114 enters the smoke and liquid absorbed into the sliding rod, and then the second hose 15 is used for sucking away, so that the sliding rod can be used as a connecting rod, and also can be used as a smoking tube, the double-coagulation forceps have the function of smoking on the premise that the size of the original double-coagulation forceps is not changed, the smoke and the liquid generated in the operation process are prevented from being exposed, and the safety performance is improved.
Example 2
Step (1) alpha-Al 2 O 3 Preparation of nanoparticles
After washing the high-purity Al flakes with dilute hydrochloric acid (0.1 mol/L) for 16min, the dilute hydrochloric acid was poured off, and the Al flakes were reacted with a dilute mercuric chloride (0.1 mol/L) solution for 16min to form a small amount of Al amalgam on the surface thereof. Pouring out the dilute mercuric chloride solution, cleaning the Al sheet for multiple times, and reacting the Al sheet with 20MΩ high-purity deionized water under 2440MHz microwave heating for 21min. After removing unreacted Al flakes, the obtained suspension was centrifuged at 3850rpmSeparation was carried out for 16min to obtain settled AlOOH nanoparticles. The AlOOH nano particles and isooctanoic acid are heated to 130 ℃ in a dimethylbenzene solution to react and reflux and stir for 18.5 hours to form a gelatinous mixture, diethyl ether is added into the mixture and then the mixture is filtered, and the filtered solid is dried for 8.5 hours at 83 ℃ to obtain Al 2 O 3 Calcined precursor. Al is added with 2 O 3 Heating the precursor to 1000 ℃ at a speed of 6 ℃/min, and then preserving heat and calcining for 2 hours. For alpha-Al produced by calcining at higher temperature 2 O 3 The product uses high purity Al 2 O 3 Container and high purity Al 2 O 3 Ball milling to reduce agglomerates, ultrasonic dispersing ball milling product with absolute ethanol, centrifuging at 1700rpm for 9min for particle classification, and collecting upper suspension as nanometer alpha-Al 2 O 3 And (3) a particle dispersion.
Preparation of magnesium oxide/polypropylene nano insulating material in step (2)
The formula is designed, the material matrix is polypropylene, and POE modifier, antioxidant 1010 and antioxidant 168 are added, wherein the mass fraction of POE is 4%. The mass fraction of the nano magnesium oxide is 1.5%.
Blending: 1) Heating to 220 ℃ by a Hark mixer or a double-roller open mill, and adding polypropylene particles and nano magnesium oxide until the polypropylene particles and the nano magnesium oxide are slowly melted; 2) After the polypropylene and nano magnesium oxide are partially melted, antioxidant 1010 and antioxidant 168 are added, and POE elastomer particles are added later. Allowing the mixture to mix uniformly during the melting process; 3) After being mixed uniformly, the mixture is taken down, and the sheet-shaped mixture material is built into small block-shaped materials when the mixture is hot.
Tabletting: 1) Heating the tablet press to 220 ℃, putting the block materials obtained by blending into a die, putting into a press, preheating for 4min, and tabletting for 6min; 2) Taking down the die, putting the die into a cold press for cooling for 6min; 3) And taking out the die to obtain the magnesium oxide/polypropylene nano insulation test sample material.
Step (3) alpha-Al 2 O 3 Preparation of nanoparticle/magnesia/polypropylene nano insulating material
Heating magnesium oxide/polypropylene nano insulating material to 133 ℃, and heating alpha-Al 2 O 3 Nanoparticle dispersion is added to control nano alpha-Al in magnesium oxide/polypropylene nano material 2 O 3 3% of particles in the magnesium oxide/polypropylene nano insulating composite material by mass fraction, distilling off the dispersion liquid solvent under the vacuum environment with the pressure of 0.05MPa, and then adding nano alpha-Al 2 O 3 The mixture of particles and magnesium oxide/polypropylene nanomaterial was mechanically stirred at 1100rpm for 2.2 hours under the same pressure. Adding a curing agent, wherein the mass ratio of the magnesium oxide/polypropylene nano material to the curing agent is 80:40, and continuously mechanically stirring for 13min at the same temperature and pressure and a rotating speed of 700 rpm. Pouring the hot magnesium oxide/polypropylene nano insulating material slurry into a mould with a thermal spraying release agent, and heating and curing to obtain alpha-Al 2 O 3 Nanoparticle/magnesia/polypropylene nano-insulation.
Example 3
Step (1) alpha-Al 2 O 3 Preparation of nanoparticles
After washing the high-purity Al flakes with dilute hydrochloric acid (0.1 mol/L) for 17min, the dilute hydrochloric acid was poured off, and the Al flakes were reacted with a dilute mercuric chloride (0.1 mol/L) solution for 17min to form a small amount of Al amalgam on the surface thereof. Pouring out the dilute mercuric chloride solution, cleaning the Al sheet for multiple times, and reacting the Al sheet with 20MΩ high-purity deionized water under 2460MHz microwave heating for 23min. After removing unreacted Al flakes, the obtained suspension was centrifugally separated at 3900rpm for 17min to obtain settled AlOOH nanoparticles. Heating AlOOH nano-particles and isooctanoic acid in xylene solution to 140 ℃ for reaction, refluxing and stirring for 19h to form a gelatinous mixture, adding diethyl ether into the mixture, filtering, drying the filtered solid at 86 ℃ for 9h to obtain Al 2 O 3 Calcined precursor. Al is added with 2 O 3 Heating the precursor to 1100 ℃ at 8 ℃/min, and then preserving heat and calcining for 1.5h. For alpha-Al produced by calcining at higher temperature 2 O 3 The product uses high purity Al 2 O 3 Container and high purity Al 2 O 3 Ball milling to reduce agglomerates, ultrasonic dispersing ball milling product with absolute ethanol, centrifuging at 1900rpm for 7min for particle classification, and collecting upper suspension as nanometer alpha-Al 2 O 3 And (3) a particle dispersion.
Preparation of magnesium oxide/polypropylene nano insulating material in step (2)
The formula is designed, the material matrix is polypropylene, and POE modifier, antioxidant 1010 and antioxidant 168 are added, wherein the mass fraction of POE is 6%. The mass fraction of the nano magnesium oxide is 2%.
Blending: 1) Heating to 240 deg.c in a Hark mixer or a double-roller open mill, adding polypropylene particles and nanometer magnesia to melt slowly; 2) After the polypropylene and nano magnesium oxide are partially melted, antioxidant 1010 and antioxidant 168 are added, and POE elastomer particles are added later. Allowing the mixture to mix uniformly during the melting process; 3) After being mixed uniformly, the mixture is taken down, and the sheet-shaped mixture material is built into small block-shaped materials when the mixture is hot.
Tabletting: 1) Heating the tablet press to 240 ℃, putting the block materials obtained by blending into a die, putting into a press, preheating for 4min, and tabletting for 7min; 2) Taking down the die, putting the die into a cold press for cooling for 7min; 3) And taking out the die to obtain the magnesium oxide/polypropylene nano insulation test sample material.
Step (3) alpha-Al 2 O 3 Preparation of nanoparticle/magnesia/polypropylene nano insulating material
Heating the magnesium oxide/polypropylene nano insulating material to 136 ℃, and heating the alpha-Al 2 O 3 Nanoparticle dispersion is added to control nano alpha-Al in magnesium oxide/polypropylene nano material 2 O 3 The mass fraction of the particles in the magnesium oxide/polypropylene nano insulating composite material is 4%, the dispersion liquid solvent is distilled off under the vacuum environment with the pressure of 0.08MPa, and then the nano alpha-Al is distilled off 2 O 3 The mixture of particles and magnesium oxide/polypropylene nanomaterial was mechanically stirred at 1150rpm for 2.4h under the same pressure. Adding a curing agent, wherein the mass ratio of the magnesium oxide/polypropylene nano material to the curing agent is 80:40, and continuously mechanically stirring for 14min at the same temperature and pressure and a rotating speed of 700 rpm. Pouring the hot magnesium oxide/polypropylene nano insulating material slurry into a mould with a thermal spraying release agent, and heating and curing to obtain alpha-Al 2 O 3 Nanoparticle/magnesia/polypropylene nano-insulation.
Example 4
Step (1) alpha-Al 2 O 3 Preparation of nanoparticles
After washing the high-purity Al flakes with dilute hydrochloric acid (0.1 mol/L) for 18min, the dilute hydrochloric acid was poured off, and the Al flakes were reacted with a dilute mercuric chloride (0.1 mol/L) solution for 18min to form a small amount of Al amalgam on the surface thereof. Pouring out the dilute mercuric chloride solution, cleaning the Al sheet for multiple times, and reacting the Al sheet with 20MΩ high-purity deionized water under 2480MHz microwave heating for 25min. After removing unreacted Al flakes, the obtained suspension was centrifuged at 4000rpm for 18min to obtain settled AlOOH nanoparticles. Heating AlOOH nano-particles and isooctanoic acid in xylene solution to 150 ℃ for reaction, refluxing and stirring for 20 hours to form a gelatinous mixture, adding diethyl ether into the mixture, filtering, drying the filtered solid at 90 ℃ for 10 hours to obtain Al 2 O 3 Calcined precursor. Al is added with 2 O 3 Heating the precursor to 1200 ℃ at 10 ℃/min, and then preserving heat and calcining for 1h. For alpha-Al produced by calcining at higher temperature 2 O 3 The product uses high purity Al 2 O 3 Container and high purity Al 2 O 3 Ball milling to reduce agglomerates, ultrasonic dispersing ball milling product with absolute ethanol, centrifuging at 2000rpm for 5min for particle classification, and collecting upper suspension as nanometer alpha-Al 2 O 3 And (3) a particle dispersion.
Preparation of magnesium oxide/polypropylene nano insulating material in step (2)
The formula is designed, the material matrix is polypropylene, and POE modifier, antioxidant 1010 and antioxidant 168 are added, wherein the mass fraction of POE is 8%. The mass fraction of the nano magnesium oxide is 2.5 percent respectively.
Blending: 1) Heating to 250 ℃ by a Hark mixer or a double-roller open mill, and adding polypropylene particles and nano magnesium oxide until the polypropylene particles and the nano magnesium oxide are slowly melted; 2) After the polypropylene and nano magnesium oxide are partially melted, antioxidant 1010 and antioxidant 168 are added, and POE elastomer particles are added later. Allowing the mixture to mix uniformly during the melting process; 3) After being mixed uniformly, the mixture is taken down, and the sheet-shaped mixture material is built into small block-shaped materials when the mixture is hot.
Tabletting: 1) Heating the tablet press to 250 ℃, putting the block materials obtained by blending into a die, putting into a press, preheating for 5min, and tabletting for 8min; 2) Taking down the die, putting the die into a cold press for cooling for 8min; 3) And taking out the die to obtain the magnesium oxide/polypropylene nano insulation test sample material.
Step (3) alpha-Al 2 O 3 Preparation of nanoparticle/magnesia/polypropylene nano insulating material
Heating magnesium oxide/polypropylene nano insulating material to 140 ℃, and heating alpha-Al 2 O 3 Nanoparticle dispersion is added to control nano alpha-Al in magnesium oxide/polypropylene nano material 2 O 3 The mass fraction of the particles in the magnesium oxide/polypropylene nano insulating composite material is 5%, the dispersion liquid solvent is distilled off under the vacuum environment with the pressure of 0.1MPa, and then the nano alpha-Al is distilled off 2 O 3 The mixture of particles and magnesium oxide/polypropylene nanomaterial was mechanically stirred at 1200rpm for 2.5h under the same pressure. Adding a curing agent, wherein the mass ratio of the magnesium oxide/polypropylene nano material to the curing agent is 90:45, and continuously mechanically stirring for 15min at the same temperature and pressure and a rotating speed of 800 rpm. Pouring the hot magnesium oxide/polypropylene nano insulating material slurry into a mould with a thermal spraying release agent, and heating and curing to obtain alpha-Al 2 O 3 Nanoparticle/magnesia/polypropylene nano-insulation.
Comparative example 1
Preparation of magnesium oxide/polypropylene nano insulating material
The formula is designed, the material matrix is polypropylene, and POE modifier, antioxidant 1010 and antioxidant 168 are added, wherein the mass fraction of POE is 2%. The mass fractions of the nano magnesium oxide are respectively 0.5 percent.
Blending: 1) Heating to 200deg.C in a Hark mixer or a two-roll mill, adding polypropylene particles and nanometer magnesium oxide, and slowly melting; 2) After partial melting of the polypropylene and magnesium oxide, antioxidant 1010 and antioxidant 168 are added, followed by the addition of POE elastomer particles. Allowing the mixture to mix uniformly during the melting process; 3) After being mixed uniformly, the mixture is taken down, and the sheet-shaped mixture material is built into small block-shaped materials when the mixture is hot.
Tabletting: 1) Heating the tablet press to 200 ℃, putting the block materials obtained by blending into a die, putting into a press, preheating for 3min, and tabletting for 5min; 2) Taking down the die, putting the die into a cold press for cooling for 5min; 3) And taking out the die to obtain the magnesium oxide/polypropylene nano insulation test sample material.
Comparative example 2
Step (1) alpha-Al 2 O 3 Preparation of nanoparticles
After washing the high-purity Al sheet with dilute hydrochloric acid (0.1 mol/L) for 15min, pouring out the dilute hydrochloric acid, and reacting the Al sheet with a dilute mercuric chloride (0.1 mol/L) solution for 15min to form a small amount of Al amalgam on the surface of the Al sheet. Pouring out the dilute mercuric chloride solution, cleaning the Al sheet for multiple times, and reacting the Al sheet with 20MΩ high-purity deionized water under 2420MHz microwave heating for 20min. After removing unreacted Al flakes, the obtained suspension was centrifuged at 3800rpm for 15min to obtain settled AlOOH nanoparticles. Heating AlOOH nano-particles and isooctanoic acid in xylene solution to 120 ℃ for reaction, refluxing and stirring for 18 hours to form a gelatinous mixture, adding diethyl ether into the mixture, filtering, drying the filtered solid at 80 ℃ for 8 hours to obtain Al 2 O 3 Calcined precursor. Al is added with 2 O 3 Heating the precursor to 900 ℃ at a speed of 5 ℃/min, and then preserving heat and calcining for 3 hours. For alpha-Al produced by calcining at higher temperature 2 O 3 The product uses high purity Al 2 O 3 Container and high purity Al 2 O 3 Ball milling to reduce agglomerates, ultrasonic dispersing ball milling product with absolute ethanol, centrifuging at 1500rpm for 10min for particle classification, and collecting upper suspension as nanometer alpha-Al 2 O 3 And (3) a particle dispersion.
Step (2) alpha-Al 2 O 3 Preparation of nanoparticle/polypropylene nano-insulation material
The formula is designed, the material matrix is polypropylene, and POE modifier, antioxidant 1010 and antioxidant 168 are added, wherein the mass fraction of POE is 2%. alpha-Al 2 O 3 The mass fraction of the nano particles is 0.5 percent respectively.
Blending: 1) Heating to 200deg.C in a Hark mixer or a two-roll mill, adding polypropylene particles and nanometer magnesium oxide, and slowly melting; 2) After partial melting of the polypropylene and magnesium oxide, antioxidant 1010 and antioxidant 168 are added, followed by the addition of POE elastomer particles. Allowing the mixture to mix uniformly during the melting process; 3) After being mixed uniformly, the mixture is taken down, and the sheet-shaped mixture material is built into small block-shaped materials when the mixture is hot.
Tabletting: 1) Heating the tablet press to 200 ℃, putting the block materials obtained by blending into a die, putting into a press, preheating for 3min, and tabletting for 5min; 2) Taking down the die, putting the die into a cold press for cooling for 5min; 3) Taking out the mould to obtain alpha-Al 2 O 3 Nanoparticle/polypropylene nanoinsulation test sample materials.
The alpha-Al obtained in examples 1 to 4 2 O 3 The nanoparticle/magnesium oxide/polypropylene nano insulating material and the comparative example products 1 and 2 are detected by the following specific detection method:
high voltage breakdown test
The whole process was carried out on an AHDZ-10/100 dielectric strength tester (Shanghai blue wave Co., shanghai) with the test sample immersed in silicone oil using a spherical copper electrode having a diameter of 10 mm. The lower electrode is grounded, and the upper electrode is stepped up at a rate of 1kV/s at a frequency of 50 Hz until the sample breaks down. Under the ball-ball electrode electric field, the relation between the breakdown field strength E and the maximum voltage V and the sample thickness d is E=v/d.
Tensile testing
The tensile rate was 250 mm/min using a CMT 5305 tensile tester (New three materials detection Co., shenzhen China) according to ISO 37-1994. The sample was made into a dumbbell of 0.5 mm. The test temperature was 25 ℃.
Volume resistance test
The test uses a high resistance meter (MC-811, japan ESPEC company, japan) to test the DC resistance of five samples at room temperature, and the volume resistivity is calculated as follows using ASTMD6095-1999 as the test standard: v=r v (D 1 +g) 2 /4t
Wherein D is 1 Is the diameter of the main electrode, the value is 2cm, g is the gap between the protection electrode and the main electrode, the value is 0.3cm, t is the thickness of the sample, the unit cm, R v Is the reading on the high resistance meter in units. The test voltage was 1000V.
TABLE 1 breakdown strength
In the direct current breakdown test, after nano magnesium oxide and alumina particles are added, the characteristic breakdown strength E of the material 0 And average breakdown strength E b Are higher than pure polypropylene. Because the magnesium oxide and aluminum oxide nano particles can effectively change the distribution of space charges under a high electric field, the space charges have an inhibiting effect, so that the composite material is more difficult to break down. And then, with the increase of the addition amount, the characteristic breakdown strength is more than 210 kV/mm. The shape factor of the pure polypropylene is smaller and the dispersibility is better. After the nano particles are introduced, the shape parameters of the material are increased, and the possibility is that nano magnesium oxide and nano aluminum oxide change the breakdown mechanism of the material, so that the dispersibility is slightly poor.
TABLE 2 mechanical Properties
As can be seen from Table 2, the tensile strength and elongation at break of the material of example 4 were the highest, reaching 79.2MPa and 804%, respectively. Comparative example 2 had a minimum tensile strength of 60.7MPa and an elongation at break of about 656%. The increase in tensile strength may be due to the fact that the magnesium oxide particles in the matrix may act as a stress absorber. On the other hand, the nano particles are physical crosslinking points among macromolecular chains, so that the length of a stretching chain segment is reduced, the movement of the chain segment is blocked, and the stretching strength of polypropylene can be improved. Meanwhile, since molecular chain sliding is limited by magnesium oxide particles, elongation at break may be reduced.
TABLE 3 DC resistivity
The volume resistivity of the nanocomposite material does not change much as a whole. When the particle content of nano magnesium oxide and alumina is gradually increased, the volume resistivity is reduced. The reason for this phenomenon may be that, as the content of nano magnesium oxide increases later, excessive impurity ions are introduced on one hand, and act as carriers under voltage to form a conductive path; on the other hand, the interface between the nanoparticle and the polypropylene will generate polarization, and will also increase the conductance and reduce the resistivity. However, the results show that the overall resistivity is not greatly reduced and the insulation properties of the polypropylene remain good, this change being mainly due to alpha-Al 2 O 3 Nanocomposite resistivity is less affected by temperature.
TABLE 4 particle size
Since the average particle size of the nano particles gradually shrinks after calcination due to gradual crystallization after calcination, and the unimodal state of the particle size distribution indicates that the hexyl radical is eliminated after ball milling and particle classification of the sintered agglomerate possibly generated during calcination, so that alpha-Al 2 O 3 The average particle size of the nano particles is smaller, and the particle size distribution is more concentrated.
The present embodiment is merely illustrative of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention to modifications which would be obvious to those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains without inventive contribution from the skilled artisan upon reading the specification, but which are intended to be protected by the patent law within the scope of the present claims.
Claims (10)
1. The bipolar electric coagulation forceps are characterized by comprising a multifunctional forceps head (3), a smoking and liquid sucking pipe (5) and a handle (50), wherein the multifunctional forceps head (3) is arranged at the front end of the handle (50), and the smoking and liquid sucking pipe (5) is arranged in the multifunctional forceps head (3).
2. The bipolar electro-coagulation forceps for surgical smoking and imbibition according to claim 1, wherein the multifunctional forceps head (3) comprises a first forceps head (31) and a second forceps head (32), the first forceps head (31) is provided with an upper tooth-shaped clamping electro-coagulation strip (311) formed along the length direction, the second forceps head (32) is provided with a lower tooth-shaped clamping electro-coagulation strip (321) matched with the upper tooth-shaped clamping electro-coagulation strip (311) formed along the length direction, the front end of the first forceps head (31) is provided with an excessive clamping prevention baffle (314), the excessive clamping prevention baffle is arranged on the inner side of the second forceps head (32), the upper tooth-shaped clamping electro-coagulation strip (311) is arranged behind the excessive clamping prevention baffle (314), the excessive clamping prevention baffle (314) is provided with a tube mounting groove (315) formed along the length direction of the first forceps head (31), and the liquid suction pipe (5) is arranged in the tube mounting groove (315), and an excessive smoking prevention space (310) is formed between the excessive clamping prevention forceps head (314).
3. The bipolar electro-coagulation forceps for surgical smoking and imbibition according to claim 1, wherein the handle comprises a sleeve (2), a forceps head opening and closing mechanism (1) and a shell (4), the sleeve (2) is connected with the shell (4), the multifunctional forceps head (3) is arranged at the front end of the sleeve (2) and extends out of a tube orifice of the sleeve (2), and the forceps head opening and closing mechanism (3) controls the opening and closing action of the multifunctional forceps head (3).
4. The bipolar electro-coagulation forceps for surgical smoking and imbibition according to claim 3, wherein the forceps head opening and closing mechanism (1) comprises a sliding rod (11), a sliding block (12), a front handle (13) and a rear handle (14), the sliding rod (11) penetrates through a tube hole of the sleeve (2), the sliding block (12) is fixed on the outer side of the sliding rod (11) and is in sliding connection with the sleeve (2), the rear handle (14) is in rotary connection with the initial end of the sliding rod (11), a second forceps head fixing plate (35) is formed on one side, close to the sliding rod (11), of the second forceps head (32), a first mounting hole (351) and a second mounting hole (352) are sequentially formed on the second forceps head fixing plate (35) from left to right, the first mounting hole (351) is higher than the second mounting hole (352), a third mounting hole (110) matched with the first mounting hole is formed on the sliding rod (11), and the sliding rod (11) is connected with the second forceps head fixing plate (35) through the second mounting hole (351);
The utility model discloses a pliers, including first binding clip (31) and second binding clip fixed plate (35), first binding clip (31) are close to one side shaping of slide bar (11) has two first binding clip fixed plate (36), two first binding clip fixed plate (36) are established the both sides of second binding clip fixed plate (35), fourth mounting hole (361) and fifth mounting hole (362) have been seted up from left to right to first binding clip fixed plate (36), fourth mounting hole (361) with second mounting hole (362) correspond each other, the height of fifth mounting hole (362) is higher than the height of fourth mounting hole (361), first binding clip fixed plate (36) with second binding clip fixed plate (35) are passed through fourth mounting hole (361) and are connected with second mounting hole (361) rotation, be equipped with fixed pin (363) on fifth mounting hole (362), sleeve pipe (2) are located the both sides of first binding clip fixed plate (36) are equipped with extension board (211), extension board (211) are connected with fixed pin (363).
5. The bipolar electro-coagulation forceps for surgical smoking and imbibition according to claim 4, wherein the interior of the sliding rod (11) is hollow, a sealing cover (111) is fixedly connected to the tail end of the sliding rod (11), a connecting plate (112) is fixedly connected to the middle part of the sealing cover (111), a third mounting hole (110) is formed in the connecting plate (112), a smoking opening (113) is formed in one side, close to the top of the extension plate (211), of the sealing cover (111), the smoking opening (113) is connected with the smoking pipette (5) through a first hose (114), the smoking opening (113) is connected with the first hose (114) through a quick sealing connector (6), an outlet hole is formed in the side wall of the sliding rod (11), a second hose (15) is connected to the outlet hole, a negative pressure suction connector (151) is arranged on the front handle (13), and the tail end of the second hose (15) is connected with the negative pressure suction connector (151).
6. The bipolar forceps for surgical smoking suction according to claim 5, wherein the quick-sealing adapter (6) comprises a female connector (61) arranged on a smoking port (113) and a male connector (62) arranged on the first hose (114) and matched with the female connector (61), the female connector (61) comprises a fixed seat (611) with a hollow interior, a compression spring (612), balls (613), a ball baffle tube (614) and a handheld sleeve (615), the fixed seat (611) comprises a first fixed tube (616) and a second fixed tube (617) which are communicated with each other, the diameter of the second fixed tube (617) is smaller than that of the first fixed tube (616), the first fixed tube (616) is fixedly connected with the smoking port (113) and communicated with each other, a plurality of ball mounting conical through grooves (618) are formed in the inner wall of the second fixed tube (617) along the circumferential direction, the diameters of the ball mounting conical through grooves (618) are increased along the diameters of the second fixed tube (613) to the outer side of the ball mounting conical through grooves (618) which are sequentially arranged on the outer side of the second fixed tube (617), the ball baffle tube (617) is sleeved on the outer side of the second fixed tube (617) and is arranged at the top of the compression spring (612), one end of the compression spring (612) is propped against the ball baffle tube (614), the other end is propped against the top of the first fixed tube (616), the hand holding sleeve (615) is sleeved on the outer side of the ball baffle tube (614) and can move on the outer side wall of the first fixed tube (616), and a baffle ring (619) is fixedly connected to the position, close to the ball mounting conical through groove (618), of the second fixed tube (617);
The male connector (62) comprises an inserting rod (621) with a hollow inside, a ball clamping groove (622) which is convenient for balls to fall in is formed in the outer side wall of the inserting rod (621), more than three elastic sealing rings (623) are arranged on the outer side wall of the inserting rod (621) along the axial direction in an array mode, and the front end of the inserting rod is conical.
7. A surgical smoking and aspiration bipolar electro-coagulation forceps as claimed in claim 2, wherein the ends of the first and second forceps heads (31, 32) are hooked.
8. The bipolar electro-coagulation forceps for surgical smoking and aspiration according to claim 2, wherein two lower tooth-shaped clamping electro-coagulation strips (321) are arranged in parallel, the lower tooth-shaped clamping electro-coagulation strips (321) comprise a plurality of first tooth bodies (322) and first tooth grooves (323) which are orderly and alternately arranged, the end surface of each first tooth body (322) is a first arc-shaped surface (324) protruding upwards, and the bottom of each first tooth groove (323) is a second arc-shaped surface (325) protruding downwards; the upper toothed clamping electrocoagulation strip (311) comprises a plurality of second tooth bodies (312) and second tooth grooves (313) which are sequentially and alternately arranged, the second tooth bodies (312) correspond to the tooth grooves (323), and the second tooth grooves (313) correspond to the first tooth bodies (323).
9. A bipolar electro-coagulation forceps for surgical smoking and aspiration according to claim 3, wherein a coagulation breaking bar (33) is further arranged on the inner side of the second forceps head (32), the coagulation breaking bar (33) is arranged between the two lower tooth-shaped clamping electro-coagulation bars (321), the width of the coagulation breaking bar (33) is gradually reduced from one surface close to the second forceps head (31) to one surface far away from the second forceps head (31), the first forceps head (31) is provided with a V-shaped clamping groove (34) matched with the coagulation breaking bar (33), the top surface of the coagulation breaking bar (33) is higher than the top surface of the upper tooth-shaped clamping electro-coagulation bar (321), and the top surface of the V-shaped clamping groove (34) is higher than the inner surface of the first forceps head (31).
10. A bipolar forceps for surgical smoking aspiration according to claim 1, wherein the slide bar (11) is made of α -Al 2 O 3 Nanoparticle/magnesia/polypropylene nano-insulation material, alpha-Al 2 O 3 The preparation process of the nanoparticle/magnesia/polypropylene nano insulating material comprises the following steps:
step (1) alpha-Al 2 O 3 Preparation of nanoparticles:
washing a high-purity Al sheet by using dilute hydrochloric acid, pouring the dilute hydrochloric acid, and reacting the Al sheet with a dilute mercuric chloride solution to form a small amount of Al amalgam on the surface of the Al sheet; pouring out dilute mercuric chloride solution, cleaning the Al sheet for multiple times, and reacting the Al sheet with high-purity deionized water under microwave heating; after removing unreacted Al sheets, centrifuging the obtained suspension to obtain settled AlOOH nanoparticles; heating AlOOH nanometer particles and isooctanoic acid in xylene solution to react, refluxing, stirring to form a gelatinous mixture, adding diethyl ether into the mixture, filtering, and oven drying the filtered solid to obtain Al 2 O 3 A calcined precursor; al is added with 2 O 3 Heating the calcined precursor to a plurality of fixed temperatures, and then preserving heat and calcining; for alpha-Al generated by calcination 2 O 3 The product uses high purity Al 2 O 3 Container and high purity Al 2 O 3 Ball milling to reduce agglomerate, ultrasonic dispersing ball milled product with absolute ethyl alcohol, centrifuging to separate particles, and taking the upper suspension as nanometer alpha-Al 2 O 3 The particle dispersion is ready for subsequent use;
and (2) preparing a magnesium oxide/polypropylene nano insulating material:
(1) the formula is designed, wherein the material matrix is polypropylene, and POE modifier, antioxidant 1010 and antioxidant 168 are added, wherein the mass fraction of POE is 2-8%; the mass fraction of the nano magnesium oxide is 0.5-2.5%;
(2) blending: 1) Heating up a Hark mixer or a double-roller open mill, and adding polypropylene particles and nano magnesium oxide until the polypropylene particles and the nano magnesium oxide are slowly melted; 2) After the polypropylene and the nano magnesium oxide are partially melted, adding an antioxidant 1010 and an antioxidant 168, and later adding POE elastomer particles; allowing the mixture to mix uniformly during the melting process; 3) After being uniformly mixed, the mixture is taken down, and the sheet-shaped mixture material is built into smaller block-shaped materials when the mixture is hot;
(3) tabletting: 1) Heating up the tablet press, putting the block materials obtained by blending into a die, putting into a press, preheating and tabletting; 2) Taking down the die, and putting the die into a cold press for cooling; 3) Taking out the mould to obtain the magnesium oxide/polypropylene nano insulating material;
Step (3) alpha-Al 2 O 3 Preparation of nanoparticle/magnesium oxide/polypropylene nano-insulation material:
heating magnesium oxide/polypropylene nano insulating material, and heating alpha-Al 2 O 3 Adding nanoparticle dispersion liquid, and controlling nanometer alpha-Al 2 O 3 The mass fraction of the particles in the magnesium oxide/polypropylene nano insulating composite material is 2-5%, and alpha-Al is distilled off in a vacuum environment when the particles are dispersed in the ultrasonic way by taking absolute ethyl alcohol as a solvent 2 O 3 Absolute ethyl alcohol of nano particle dispersion liquid solvent, and then nano alpha-Al 2 O 3 Stirring the mixture of the particles and the magnesium oxide/polypropylene nano material; adding a curing agent, wherein the mass ratio of the magnesium oxide/polypropylene nano material to the curing agent is 70:30-90:45, and continuously stirring; pouring the hot magnesium oxide/polypropylene nano insulating material slurry into a mould which is thermally sprayed with a release agent, and heating and curing.
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