CN116592835B - Intelligent construction leveling instrument and measuring method - Google Patents
Intelligent construction leveling instrument and measuring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN116592835B CN116592835B CN202310875866.6A CN202310875866A CN116592835B CN 116592835 B CN116592835 B CN 116592835B CN 202310875866 A CN202310875866 A CN 202310875866A CN 116592835 B CN116592835 B CN 116592835B
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 abstract 2
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 abstract 2
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 abstract 2
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012886 linear function Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C5/00—Measuring height; Measuring distances transverse to line of sight; Levelling between separated points; Surveyors' levels
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C15/00—Surveying instruments or accessories not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C13/00
- G01C15/002—Active optical surveying means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C9/00—Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels
- G01C9/18—Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels by using liquids
- G01C9/24—Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels by using liquids in closed containers partially filled with liquid so as to leave a gas bubble
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- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an intelligent leveling instrument for construction and a measuring method, comprising an auxiliary leveling device and a controller. The auxiliary leveling device comprises a shading barrel, a bubble leveling meter, an image acquisition module, a laser lamp and a substrate. The shading barrel is arranged on the level body. The bubble leveling meter is arranged in the middle of the shading cylinder. The laser lamp is installed in the inboard one end of shading section of thick bamboo, and the base plate is installed in the other end of shading section of thick bamboo. When the bubble leveling meter is in a leveling state, a laser beam emitted by the laser lamp just falls on the substrate through a laser focus formed by the bubble leveling meter. The image acquisition module is used for acquiring a bubble picture and a substrate picture. The controller is used for calculating the current deflection height and deflection angle of the leveling instrument body according to the bubble picture meter substrate picture, and further controlling the adjusting device to level the leveling instrument body. The leveling device can automatically level the leveling instrument body, and improves leveling efficiency and leveling accuracy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a leveling instrument, in particular to an intelligent construction leveling instrument and a measurement method of the intelligent construction leveling instrument.
Background
Leveling instruments are tools for measuring the levelness of objects or the ground. Generally, leveling instruments require manual adjustment to ensure accuracy. The method of manually adjusting a level generally comprises the steps of: placing a leveling instrument; adjusting the level; checking levelness; the instrument is fixed.
The existing leveling instrument has low leveling speed and low precision and mainly has the following reasons: 1. human factors: leveling instruments need to be leveled manually by personnel, and differences in skill level and experience of operators can have an impact on leveling speed and accuracy. 2. The design and quality of the instrument itself: some leveling systems of the level may not be designed to be sensitive enough, requiring a long time to complete leveling. 3. External environmental factors: the leveling accuracy of the leveling instrument is affected by external environments, such as pits, vibration and the like on the ground, so that the instrument is not easy to level. Compared with the traditional level, the electronic level has a certain improvement in leveling, but still needs to be manually leveled, and the reasons are mainly as follows: 1. although the electronic level can automatically detect the tilting state of the instrument through the electronic sensor, an operator is still required to adjust the electronic level according to the indication, for example, adjust the height of the stand of the instrument to achieve the level. 2. The auto-leveling capabilities of electronic levels are often limited, and may not fully auto-level, particularly in complex terrain or shock environments.
Thus, although the use of electronic levels may improve leveling speed and accuracy to some extent, manual intervention by the operator is still required to ensure the final leveling result.
Disclosure of Invention
(one) solving the technical problems
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides an intelligent leveling instrument for construction and a measuring method, and solves the problems of low leveling speed and low precision caused by errors in manual adjustment of the existing leveling instrument.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: an intelligent leveling instrument for construction comprises a bracket, a base, an adjusting device, a leveling instrument body, an auxiliary leveling device, a controller and a leveling rod. The adjusting device is fixedly connected to the support, and the base is movably connected with the adjusting device. The level body is rotationally connected with the base.
The auxiliary leveling device comprises a shading barrel, a bubble leveling meter, an image acquisition module, a laser lamp and a substrate. The shading barrel is arranged on the level body. The bubble leveling meter includes a transparent housing, a liquid medium, and a bubble. The transparent shell is of a hollow convex lens structure. The bubbles and liquid medium completely fill the interior cavity of the transparent enclosure. When the air bubble is positioned at the center of the datum line, the air bubble leveling meter and the leveling instrument body are in a leveling state. The laser lamp is installed at one end of the inner side of the shading cylinder and is used for emitting laser beams perpendicular to the datum line, and the laser beams cover the datum line. The base plate is arranged in the shading cylinder, and when the bubble leveling meter is in a leveling state, a laser focus formed by a laser beam passing through the bubble leveling meter just falls on the base plate. The image acquisition module is used for acquiring a bubble picture and a substrate picture.
The controller comprises a storage module, an image processing module, an operation module and a signal control module. The storage module is used for storing the measured height data. The image processing module is used for: extracting a model diagram of the bubble and a datum line from the bubble picture, and identifying an equivalent distance d between the center of the bubble and the center of the datum line c Equivalent angle theta c . And extracting a light spot photo containing the laser focus from the substrate photo. Identifying equivalent distance d between gap of light spot and center of light spot in light spot photo f Equivalent angle theta f . The operation module is used for controlling the equivalent distance d c Equivalent angle theta c A coarse tuning path is calculated. According to the equivalent spacing d f Equivalent angle theta f And calculating a fine tuning path. The signal control module is used for: in the course of coarse adjustment, the adjustment device is controlled to operate according to the coarse adjustment path, and the bubble is moved into the reference line. And during fine tuning, controlling the operation of the adjusting device according to the fine tuning path to move the air bubble to be coaxial with the datum line.
The leveling instrument not only can realize automatic leveling of the leveling instrument body, but also can improve the leveling precision of the leveling instrument based on the image recognition and laser focusing modes, thereby improving the leveling precision. In addition, by adopting the methods of image recognition and space coordinate system establishment, the relative positions of the bubble and the center of the datum line are calculated, and then the positions are converted into the height difference between the three connecting points of the adjusting device and the base, so that the adjusting device is precisely controlled, coarse adjustment and fine adjustment actions are finished at one time, and the leveling efficiency of the leveling instrument body is improved.
Preferably, the tripod comprises a support plate and three adjustable support legs. The three adjustable support legs are annularly arrayed and rotatably connected to the bottom side of the support plate. The adjusting device is arranged on the top side of the supporting plate. The tripod outwards opens three adjustable supporting legs, forms stable three-point support, improves the stability of level body, can pack up the tripod after measuring simultaneously, portable.
Preferably, the adjustment means comprises three annular arrays of linear drives, one end of which is rotatably connected to the top side edge of the support plate and the other end is rotatably connected to the top side edge of the base. The adjustment device also forms a three-point support for the base.
Preferably, the leveling rod is placed at the point to be measured. The level body obtains the relative height of the point to be measured by reading the leveling rod. Two leveling bars can be adopted during measurement, one leveling bar is used as a reference and is placed at one point to be measured, the other leveling bar can be sequentially placed at other measuring points, and each time the height difference is measured, the two leveling bars can be compared with the reference point to be measured, and compensation correction is carried out according to the measuring result, so that the measuring precision is improved.
Preferably, the level body comprises a telescope and a camera. The objective lens of the telescope is provided with a crosshair. The camera is opposite to the ocular lens of the telescope, and is electrically connected with the controller and used for shooting the level gauge picture and sending the level gauge picture to the controller. The controller is used for identifying the leveling rod picture, controlling the telescope to automatically focus according to the crosshair in the leveling rod picture and the size of the leveling rod, and further reading the scale corresponding to the crosshair as the height of the measuring point.
The invention also provides a measuring method of the leveling instrument for intelligent construction, which comprises the following steps:
s1: the support is placed on the ground, and three adjustable support legs of the support are adjusted to stabilize the support. The level body is mounted on the support.
S2: and (5) roughly leveling the level body.
S3: and (5) finely leveling the level.
S4: reading and recording the relative height h of the to-be-measured point A A Relative height h of point B to be measured B The height difference between the two points is calculated: h=h B -h A 。
Preferably, the rough leveling process is as follows: s21: and acquiring a bubble picture containing a bubble leveling meter. S is S22: calculating the equivalent distance d between the center of the bubble and the center of the datum line according to the relative positions of the bubble and the datum line in the bubble picture c And equivalent angle theta c . S23: according to the equivalent spacing d c And equivalent angle theta c The optimal adjustment distances of the three linear drives are calculated, and then the linear drives are started to operate so as to move the air bubble into the datum line.
Preferably, the process of fine leveling is as follows: s31: and turning on the laser lamp to obtain the picture of the substrate containing the laser focus. S32: calculating equivalent distance d between a notch of a light spot and the center of the light spot according to the shape of the laser spot in the substrate picture f Equivalent angle theta f . S33: according to the equivalent spacing d f Equivalent angle theta f The optimal adjustment distances of the three linear drives are calculated, and the linear drives are started to operate so as to move the bubble to be coaxial with the datum line.
(III) beneficial effects
The invention provides an intelligent construction leveling instrument and a measuring method, which have the following beneficial effects:
the leveling instrument disclosed by the invention not only can realize automatic leveling of the leveling instrument body, but also can improve the leveling precision of the leveling instrument based on the image recognition and laser focusing modes, thereby improving the leveling precision. In addition, by adopting the methods of image recognition and space coordinate system establishment, the relative positions of the bubble and the center of the datum line are calculated, and then the positions are converted into the height difference between the three connecting points of the adjusting device and the base, so that the adjusting device is precisely controlled, coarse adjustment and fine adjustment actions are finished at one time, and the leveling efficiency of the leveling instrument body is improved.
When the leveling instrument reads the leveling rod graduation, the substrate picture can be used as a reference, the shape of the light spot in the substrate picture is compared with that of the initial substrate picture, the read leveling rod graduation is compensated and corrected, the measurement precision is further improved, and errors caused by ground vibration are eliminated or reduced particularly in a construction state of a construction site.
And thirdly, the three linear drivers are adopted for leveling, form a stable triangular support, meanwhile, the three linear drivers are used for calculating the height difference of three connection points between the three linear drivers and the base through picture recognition and three-dimensional coordinate system construction, only two of the three linear drivers can be started to finish coarse adjustment at one time during coarse adjustment, the adjustment efficiency is higher, the three linear drivers can be used alternately, and the service life is prolonged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an intelligent construction leveling instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the auxiliary leveling device of FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of fig. 2 along A A;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the auxiliary leveling device of FIG. 3 in operation;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of laser beam focusing through a bubble level under different conditions;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of acquiring the distance and deflection angle between a bubble and a reference line in a bubble picture;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of acquiring the spacing and deflection angle between the bubble and the reference line in a substrate picture;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the substrate picture of fig. 7 when the bubble rotates to coincide with the origin.
In the figure: 1. a bracket; 11. an adjustable support leg; 12. a support plate; 2. a level body; 3. a base; 4. an adjusting device; 5. an auxiliary leveling device; 51. a light shielding cylinder; 52. a bubble leveling meter; 521. a transparent housing; 522. air bubbles; 523. a liquid medium; 53. a laser lamp; 54. a substrate.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: an intelligent leveling instrument for construction comprises a bracket 1, a base 3, an adjusting device 4, a leveling instrument body 2, an auxiliary leveling device 5, a controller (not shown) and a leveling rod (not shown). The adjusting device 4 is fixedly connected to the bracket 1, and the base 3 is movably connected with the adjusting device 4. The level body 2 is rotatably connected with the base 3. The relative position of the base 3 and the bracket 1 can be adjusted by the adjusting device 4, and the relative position of the level body 2 can be indirectly adjusted by the adjusting device 4 because the level body 2 and the base 3 are relatively fixed, so that the level body 2 is in a leveling state. In the leveling state, the level body 2 rotates by an arbitrary angle and always remains parallel to the horizontal plane.
The bracket 1 is a tripod, which comprises a supporting plate 12 and three adjustable supporting legs 11. Three adjustable support legs 11 are annularly arrayed and rotatably connected to the bottom side of the support plate 12. The adjustable support legs 11 can be relatively opened or closed. When the road surface is uneven, the supporting plate 12 is adjusted to a leveling state by adjusting the lengths of the three supporting legs, one ends of the three supporting legs far away from the supporting plate 12 are all stuck to the ground, and the supporting is firmer. After the measurement is finished, the three supporting legs can be retracted, and the portable device is convenient to carry.
The adjusting means 4 comprise three annular arrays of linear drives, one end of which is rotatably connected to the top side edge of the support plate 12 and the other end is rotatably connected to the top side edge of the base 3. By adjusting the telescopic length of the three linear drives, the height of the connection points of the base 3 and the three linear drives can be adjusted, and the height of the three connection points determines the inclination of the base 3.
The leveling rod is placed at the point to be measured. The level body 2 acquires the relative height of the point to be measured by reading the leveling rod. In the actual measurement, the relative height of at least two measurement points is measured, one of which serves as a reference point. The leveling rod may be provided in one or more. In this embodiment, two leveling rods are provided at two measurement points, respectively.
The level body 2 includes a telescope and a camera. The objective lens of the telescope is provided with a crosshair. The camera is opposite to the ocular lens of the telescope, and is electrically connected with the controller and used for shooting the level gauge picture and sending the level gauge picture to the controller.
The controller can recognize the leveling rod picture, and control the telescope to automatically focus according to the crosshair in the leveling rod picture and the size of the leveling rod, and further read the scale corresponding to the crosshair as the height of the measuring point. When the height of a measuring point is read, the leveling instrument body 2 is rotated to be opposite to one leveling rod, after the telescope is automatically focused, the scale of the leveling rod is close to the crosshair, a camera shoots a clear picture of the leveling rod, and then the scale of the center of the crosshair is extracted and identified. Subsequently, the level body 2 is rotated to face the other level, and the corresponding scale is read. The difference between the two scales is the height difference between the two measuring points. In order to be convenient for the leveling instrument body 2 to automatically read the leveling rod graduation, a positioner can be installed on the leveling rod, positioning information of the leveling rod is acquired through a controller, and then the direction and the distance between the leveling rod and the leveling instrument body 2 are calculated, so that the leveling instrument is facilitated to automatically find the leveling rod and automatically focus.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the auxiliary leveling device 5 includes a shading tube 51, a bubble leveling meter 52, an image acquisition module, a laser lamp 53, and a substrate 54. The shade tube 51 is mounted on the level body 2. The light shielding tube 51 is a hollow cylinder, and may be made of a non-transparent material such as metal or plastic. The shading cylinder 51 not only serves as a main body supporting part of the auxiliary leveling device 5, but also insulates external light rays and reduces errors generated in the leveling process.
The bubble level 52 includes a transparent housing 521, a liquid medium 523, and a bubble 522. The transparent case 521 is a hollow convex lens structure. The transparent casing 521 may be made of glass, resin, etc., and has smooth surface and stable structure. The bubble 522 and the liquid medium 523 completely fill the inner cavity of the transparent casing 521. Under the buoyancy force, the bubble 522 is always at the highest point in the inner cavity of the transparent casing 521. The top center of the transparent casing 521 is provided with a circular reference line, and the bubble 522 is at the center of the reference line, that is, when the bubble 522 is coaxial with the reference line, both the bubble leveling gauge 52 and the level body 2 are in a leveling state.
A laser lamp 53 is installed at one end of the inside of the light shielding cylinder 51 for emitting a laser beam perpendicular to the reference line, and the laser beam covers the reference line. In the leveling state, since the transparent case 521 is of a convex lens structure, a part of the laser beam is focused to form a laser focus m after passing through the transparent case 521, another part is focused to form another laser focus n after passing through the bubble 522, and the laser focus n after passing through the bubble 522 is closer to the bubble leveling gauge 52. In the non-leveling state, the laser focus formed by focusing the bubble 522 is shifted, not only changing the position of the laser focus n, but also changing the shape of the laser focus m.
The base plate 54 is installed in the light shielding cylinder 51, when the bubble leveling meter 52 is in a leveling state, a laser focus m formed by a laser beam passing through the bubble leveling meter 52 just falls on the base plate 54, and the laser focus m at this time is shown as a circular spot. The substrate 54 may be made of glass, resin, plastic, paper, etc., and is preferably white or colorless in color so that the laser focus can be clearly distinguished from the substrate 54.
Referring to fig. 4, the image capturing module is configured to capture a picture of bubbles and a picture of the substrate 54. The image acquisition module may be a plurality of cameras, wherein one camera takes a bubble leveling meter 52 as a view finding object to obtain a corresponding photo or video, and then extracts a bubble picture from the video or the picture. The bubble picture includes the overall contour of the bubble leveling gauge 52, the reference line contour, and the overall contour of the bubble 522, wherein the overall contours of the bubble leveling gauge 52 and the reference line are all circular. The other camera takes the substrate 54 as a view finding object to obtain a video or a photo of the substrate 54, and then extracts a corresponding picture of the substrate 54. The picture of the substrate 54 is required to be obtained when the laser lamp 53 is turned on, preferably, a picture taken perpendicular to the substrate 54, and in a leveling state, an annular light spot is displayed in the picture of the substrate 54.
The controller comprises a storage module, an image processing module, an operation module and a signal control module. The storage module is used for storing the measured height data. The storage module may also store an initial substrate 54 picture, where the initial substrate 54 picture is a picture containing light spots in a leveled state, where the light spots are circular. The initial substrate 54 picture may serve as a reference picture, indicating that the bubble leveling gauge 52 is in a leveling state when the spot in the substrate 54 picture acquired in real time coincides with the spot shape in the initial substrate 54 picture.
Referring to fig. 5, 6 and 7, the image processing module is configured to: extracting a model diagram of the bubble 522 and the datum line from the bubble picture, and identifying the equivalent distance d between the center of the bubble 522 and the center of the datum line c Equivalent angle theta c . Specifically, a plane coordinate system can be established with the center of the reference line as the origin, and then the distance d between the center of the bubble 522 and the origin can be calculated c Deflection angle θ relative to the transverse axis c Calculating the actual distance d according to the ratio of the radius of the datum line to the actual radius of the datum line in the graph 1 And an actual deflection angle θ 1 。
A spot photograph including the laser focus is extracted from the substrate 54 photograph. Identifying equivalent distance d between gap of light spot and center of light spot in light spot photo f Equivalent angle theta f . The scale is arranged on the substrate 54, or the actual distance d is calculated according to the ratio of the actual size of the substrate 54 to the size of the substrate 54 in the picture of the substrate 54 2 And an actual deflection angle θ 2 。
The operation module is used for controlling the equivalent distance d c Equivalent angle theta c A coarse tuning path is calculated. In the present embodiment, the actual pitch is d 1 The actual deflection angle is theta 1 And taking the center of the base 3 as an origin O, taking the direction vertical to the base 3 as a Y axis, and taking the direction from the origin to one of the linear drivers as an X axis to establish a three-dimensional coordinate system. According to the radius r of the sphere where the top surface of the transparent casing 521 is located, a spherical model with the sphere center of 0, r and the radius r is established in a three-dimensional coordinate system. The three linear actuator connection points are marked on the sphere according to the distance between the linear actuator and the center of the base 3, and are respectively marked as D, E, F. With origin as the starting point and the included angle theta with the X axis 1 Radius d 1 The end point is marked as P when falling on the sphere, the point P is rotated to be coincident with the origin O, and the coordinates of the point D, E, F are obtained, so that the coordinates among the three points can be calculatedHeight difference, i.e. Z-axis coordinate difference.
According to the equivalent spacing d f Equivalent angle theta f And calculating a fine tuning path. The actual distance d is set in the same way 2 And an actual deflection angle θ 2 Mapping to a three-dimensional coordinate system can obtain the coordinate of D, E, F, and further calculate the accurate height difference among the three points.
The signal control module is used for: in the course of coarse adjustment, the control regulator 4 is operated according to the coarse adjustment path, and the bubble 522 is moved into the reference line. In fine tuning, the adjusting device 4 is controlled to operate according to the fine tuning path, and the bubble 522 is moved to be coaxial with the reference line.
When the adjusting device 4 is adjusted, one of the linear drives can be kept unchanged, and the other two linear drives operate to adjust the corresponding connecting points to the same height, namely the Z-axis coordinates of D, E, F are the same. Of course, three linear drives can be started simultaneously, so that the total distance of the three linear drives is minimized, and the adjusting speed is faster.
The leveling instrument of the embodiment not only can realize automatic leveling of the leveling instrument body 2 and improve leveling accuracy of the leveling instrument based on image recognition and laser focusing, but also can compare the shape of the light spot in the substrate 54 picture with the initial substrate 54 picture by taking the substrate 54 picture as a reference when the leveling instrument scale is read, and further improves measuring accuracy, and particularly eliminates or reduces errors caused by ground vibration in a construction state of a construction site.
Example two
The embodiment provides a measuring method of an intelligent construction leveling instrument, which can be applied to the leveling instrument of the first embodiment. The measuring method comprises the following steps:
s1: the stand 1 is placed on the ground and the three adjustable support legs 11 of the stand 1 are adjusted to stabilize the stand 1. The level body 2 is mounted on the support 1. At the initial stage, the level body 2 is detached from the support 1 and carried separately. When reaching the detection point, the bracket 1 should be placed firmly, and then the level body 2 is installed on the bracket 1. After the measurement is finished, the stand 1 is retracted after the level body 2 is detached.
S2: the leveling instrument body 2 is roughly leveled. The course of rough leveling is as follows:
s21: and acquiring a bubble picture containing a bubble leveling meter. As in the first embodiment, the bubble picture may be acquired by the image acquisition module.
S22: calculating the equivalent distance d between the center of the bubble 522 and the center of the datum line according to the relative positions of the bubble 522 and the datum line in the bubble picture c And equivalent angle theta c . The specific calculation method is as described in the first embodiment, and will not be described herein.
S23: according to the equivalent spacing d c And equivalent angle theta c The optimal adjustment distances for the three linear drives are calculated, which in turn initiates the linear drive operation to move the bubble 522 into the baseline. The specific calculation method and the method for moving the bubble 522 are as described in the first embodiment, and are not described herein.
S3: and (5) finely leveling the level. The fine leveling process is as follows:
s31: the laser lamp 53 is turned on, and a picture of the substrate 54 including the laser focus is taken. As in the first embodiment, a picture of the substrate 54 may be obtained by the image acquisition module.
S32: calculating equivalent distance d between gap of light spot and center of light spot according to shape of laser spot in picture of substrate 54 f Equivalent angle theta f . The specific calculation method may be as described in example one, and the following method may also be adopted: and acquiring initial substrate 54 pictures in a leveling state, acquiring a plurality of substrate 54 pictures in a non-leveling state, comparing the initial substrate 54 pictures with the initial substrate 54 pictures, and then performing linear fitting on the light spot shapes and the actual three-point height differences in all the substrate 54 pictures to acquire a linear function of the light spot shapes and the height differences. During measurement, the substrate 54 picture obtained in real time is compared with the initial substrate 54 picture, and the corresponding three-point height difference can be obtained by substituting the three-point height difference into a linear function.
S33: according to the equivalent spacing d f Equivalent angle theta f Calculation ofThe optimal adjustment distance of the three linear drives, in turn, initiates the linear drive operation to move the bubble 522 to be coaxial with the datum. The specific calculation method and the method for moving the bubble 522 are as described in the first embodiment, and are not described herein.
S4: reading and recording the relative height h of the to-be-measured point A A Relative height h of point B to be measured B The height difference between the two points is calculated: h=h B -h A . In actual measurement, there may be more than two measurement points, and one of the measurement points is used as a reference, so that the relative heights of the measurement points can be measured after leveling, and then the height difference between the measurement points can be obtained, thereby improving the measurement efficiency.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. An intelligent leveling instrument for construction comprises a bracket (1), a base (3), an adjusting device (4) and a leveling instrument body (2); the adjusting device (4) is fixedly connected to the bracket (1), and the base (3) is movably connected with the adjusting device (4); the leveling instrument body (2) is rotationally connected with the base (3); the leveling instrument is characterized by further comprising:
the auxiliary leveling device (5) comprises a shading cylinder (51), a bubble leveling meter (52), an image acquisition module, a laser lamp (53) and a base plate (54); the shading cylinder (51) is arranged on the level body (2); the bubble leveling meter (52) comprises a transparent housing (521), a liquid medium (523) and bubbles (522); the transparent shell (521) is of a hollow convex lens structure; -said bubble (522) and said liquid medium (523) completely fill the inner cavity of said transparent casing (521); a circular datum line is arranged at the top center of the transparent shell (521), and when the bubble (522) is positioned at the center of the datum line, the bubble leveling meter (52) and the level body (2) are both in a leveling state; the laser lamp (53) is installed at one end of the inner side of the shading cylinder (51) and is used for emitting a laser beam perpendicular to the datum line, and the laser beam covers the datum line; the base plate (54) is arranged in the shading cylinder (51), and when the bubble leveling meter (52) is in a leveling state, a laser focus formed by the laser beam passing through the bubble leveling meter (52) just falls on the base plate (54); the image acquisition module is used for acquiring a bubble picture and a substrate (54) picture;
the controller comprises a storage module, an image processing module, an operation module and a signal control module; the storage module is used for storing the measured height data; the image processing module is used for: extracting a model diagram of a bubble (522) and a datum line from the bubble picture, and identifying an equivalent distance d between the center of the bubble (522) and the center of the datum line c Equivalent angle theta c The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Extracting a spot photo containing a laser focus from the substrate (54) photo; identifying the equivalent distance d between the gap of the light spot and the center of the light spot in the light spot photo f Equivalent angle theta f The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The operation module is used for controlling the equivalent distance d c Equivalent angle theta c Calculating a rough adjustment path; according to the equivalent spacing d f Equivalent angle theta f Calculating a fine tuning path; the signal control module is used for: in coarse adjustment, controlling the operation of the adjusting device (4) according to the coarse adjustment path, and moving the air bubble (522) into the datum line; during fine tuning, the adjusting device (4) is controlled to operate according to the fine tuning path, and the air bubble (522) is moved to be coaxial with the datum line.
2. The intelligent construction leveling instrument according to claim 1, wherein: the support (1) is a triangular support, and the triangular support comprises a support plate (12) and three adjustable support legs (11); the three adjustable support legs (11) are respectively connected to the bottom side of the support plate (12) in a rotating way, and the three adjustable support legs (11) are in a ring-shaped array; the adjusting device (4) is arranged on the top side of the supporting plate (12).
3. The intelligent construction leveling instrument according to claim 2, wherein: the adjusting device (4) comprises three linear drivers, the three linear drivers are in an annular array, one ends of the linear drivers are rotatably connected with the top side edge of the supporting plate (12), and the other ends of the linear drivers are rotatably connected with the bottom side edge of the base (3).
4. The intelligent construction leveling instrument according to claim 1, wherein: the leveling instrument further comprises a leveling rod which is placed at a point to be measured; the leveling instrument body (2) acquires the relative height of a point to be measured by reading the leveling rod.
5. The intelligent construction leveling instrument according to claim 4, wherein: the level body (2) comprises a telescope and a camera; a cross standard line is arranged on an objective lens of the telescope; the camera is opposite to the ocular of the telescope and is electrically connected with the controller and used for shooting a leveling rod picture and sending the leveling rod picture to the controller; the controller is used for identifying the leveling rod picture, controlling the telescope to automatically focus according to the cross-hair in the leveling rod picture and the size of the leveling rod, and further reading the scale corresponding to the cross-hair as the height of the measuring point.
6. A measuring method of an intelligent construction leveling instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the measuring method comprises the steps of:
s1: placing a bracket (1) on the ground, and adjusting three adjustable support legs (11) of the bracket (1) to stabilize the bracket (1); mounting a level body (2) on the support (1);
s2: coarse leveling is carried out on the level body (2);
s3: finely leveling the level body (2);
s4: reading and recording the relative height h of the to-be-measured point A A Relative height h of point B to be measured B The height difference between the two points is calculated: h=h B -h A 。
7. The measurement method of the intelligent construction leveling instrument according to claim 6, wherein: in step S2, the course of rough leveling is as follows:
s21: acquiring a bubble picture containing a bubble leveling meter;
s22: calculating the equivalent distance d between the center of the bubble (522) and the center of the datum line according to the relative positions of the bubble (522) and the datum line in the bubble picture c And equivalent angle theta c ；
S23: according to the equivalent distance d c And the equivalent angle theta c The optimal adjustment distances for three linear drives are calculated, and the linear drives are then activated to operate to move the bubble (522) into the datum.
8. The measurement method of the intelligent construction leveling instrument according to claim 6, wherein: in step S3, the process of fine leveling is as follows:
s31: turning on a laser lamp (53) to obtain a picture of a substrate (54) containing a laser focus;
s32: calculating the equivalent distance d between the gap of the light spot and the center of the light spot according to the shape of the laser spot in the picture of the substrate (54) f Equivalent angle theta f ；
S33: according to the equivalent distance d f The equivalent angle theta f The optimal adjustment distances for three linear drives are calculated, and the linear drives are then activated to operate to move the bubble (522) coaxially with the datum line.
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