CN116579657A - Method for evaluating quality of metal lattice sandwich structure product in additive manufacturing - Google Patents
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Abstract
The application discloses a quality evaluation method of a product with a metal lattice sandwich structure in additive manufacturing, and provides a quality evaluation method of a product with a small-size metal lattice sandwich structure in small-batch additive manufacturing for engineering application, which fills the blank of the technology engineering application of additive manufacturing and metal lattice structure in the aspect of product quality evaluation, and the proposed evaluation method can utilize the score weight and calibration function calculation calibration value of the quality evaluation item of the product for comprehensive evaluation, and the evaluation result is computable and quantifiable, has high evaluation result confidence and small user side risk, and the proposed evaluation method has strong universality, and is suitable for different industry fields, in particular for aviation and aerospace fields with high requirements on product quality and reliability, less product batches and small batches.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of additive manufacturing and lattice sandwich structures, in particular to a quality evaluation method for a metal lattice sandwich structure product manufactured by additive manufacturing.
Background
The additive manufacturing technology is a manufacturing method for combining digital design and material processing forming and constructing an entity by stacking special materials layer by layer from bottom to top, is a subverted manufacturing technology taking into consideration the requirements of complex structures and high-performance component forming, has unique advantages in the aspects of rapid manufacturing of complex structure parts, design and manufacturing integration, efficient material utilization and the like, and is particularly suitable for manufacturing metal components such as aluminum alloy, titanium alloy and the like by a laser selective melting technology (SLM). The metal lattice sandwich structure is a novel light structure composed of a skin and an internal periodic lattice core body, and has the multifunctional characteristics of high specific stiffness, high specific strength, high heat insulation (heat exchange) and the like.
Products adopting additive manufacturing technology have been gradually applied in the fields of aerospace, aviation and the like. The metal lattice sandwich structure consists of a thin-wall skin and an elongated rod lattice, has cross-scale geometric characteristics from a macroscopic component, a microscopic lattice, a microscopic material and the like, has mechanical properties closely related to the structural form and the size of the metal lattice sandwich structure, and has obvious difference between the performance characterization and the traditional metal structural component based on the performance of raw materials; meanwhile, dynamic evolution in a molten pool is accompanied with multi-factor multi-physical field thermal physical behavior in the metal additive manufacturing and forming process, initial manufacturing defects such as micro holes, cracks, air holes, residual stress and the like are inevitably formed in the structure, and the mechanical property and service reliability of the product are greatly influenced.
The method is oriented to mass production of products, and how to scientifically and accurately evaluate the performance of the lattice sandwich structure products formed by adopting the metal additive manufacturing technology is an important precondition for ensuring the quality of the batch products. In the prior published reports, no performance evaluation method or standard applicable to engineering application of single-piece or mass-produced metal additive manufacturing lattice sandwich structure products is found, and therefore, the application provides a quality evaluation method of additive manufacturing metal lattice sandwich structure products.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the background art, the application provides a quality evaluation method of a metal lattice sandwich structure product in additive manufacturing, so as to scientifically and accurately evaluate the performance of the lattice sandwich structure product formed by adopting a metal additive manufacturing technology in mass production.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical solutions:
a method for evaluating the quality of a metal lattice sandwich structure product in additive manufacturing comprises the following steps:
s1: grouping the batches to be evaluated, each group comprising at least one product;
s2: setting at least one quality evaluation item of a metal lattice sandwich structure product;
s3: setting a scoring weight of each quality evaluation item;
s4: setting a calibration function of each quality evaluation item, wherein the calibration function represents the difference between the measured value and the optimal value of the product quality evaluation item;
s5: performing general inspection and selective inspection on each group of products according to quality evaluation items, and recording measured values;
s6: calculating the calibration value of the quality evaluation item of each group of products according to the actual measurement value recorded in the step S5 and the calibration function of the quality evaluation item determined in the step S4;
s7: carrying out normalized scoring according to the scoring weight of the quality evaluation item and the calibration value of each group of products to obtain a product quality evaluation score;
s8: judging whether the score meets the quality evaluation requirement, if not, identifying a quality evaluation item where the quality of the group of products is weak, analyzing and improving or supplementing qualified products aiming at weak links, returning to the step S5, and if so, outputting an evaluation result.
Preferably, the product quality evaluation items in S2 are evaluation items determined according to characteristics of the product and a universality inspection item of the metal lattice sandwich structure product, wherein the evaluation items comprise at least one class I item, and one class I item comprises at least one class II item, and the class II item is a sub-item of the class I item.
Preferably, in S3, an entropy method is used to calculate the weight coefficient of the class I item, and the sum of the weight coefficients of all class I items is 1, and the calculation process is as follows:
wherein A is ik Representing the assignment of a kth expert to the weighting coefficients of the ith class I item of the product, k E [1, l]，i∈[1，n]，A i A weight coefficient representing the I-th class I item of the product;
calculating the scoring weight coefficient of the class II items by adopting a statistical processing method, wherein the sum of the weight coefficients of all the class II items under each class I item is 1, and the calculation process is as follows:
wherein A is ihk Representing the assignment of the kth expert to the weighting coefficient of the h class II item under the ith class I item of the product, h E [1, t]，A ih A weight coefficient representing an h class II item of the I class I item of the product;
the calibration functions in S4 are divided into 3 classes, namely a qualitative requirement class, a telescope or telescope requirement class and a telescope requirement class;
for qualitative requirement classes, the most satisfactory calibration takes 1, i.e. W ih ＝1，W ih A calibration value representing an h II item of the I I item, the remaining dissatisfaction taking a value less than 1;
for the category of the requirement of telescope or telescope, W ih The calculation mode of (2) is as follows:
wherein X is ih Actual measurement value of h II item parameter representing I I item, X ih0 A specified value of an h II item parameter representing an I I item, V ih0 The optimal value of the h II type item parameter of the I type item is the optimal value of the h II type item parameter;
for the category of eye-observing requirements, W ih The calculation method of (2) is as follows:
wherein X is ih1 、X ih2 Double-sided prescribed value for h type II item parameter of I type I item, L ih 、U ih The optimal lower limit value and the optimal upper limit value of the h II project parameter are respectively the I I project.
Preferably, in S5, for the general inspection items, each quality evaluation item of each product is inspected, tested or simulated according to a prescribed inspection or test requirement, method, and the actual measurement value X is recorded ih Calculating a calibration value W ih ；
For the item of the spot check, detecting or testing the spot check quality evaluation item of the spot check product according to the specified detection or test requirement, and recording the actual measurement value X ih Calculating a calibration value W ih When sampling the productWhen the nondestructive evaluation item exists, the detection of the nondestructive evaluation item is carried out first.
Preferably, the calculation method for obtaining the product quality evaluation score Q of each group in S7 is as follows:
Q i ＝1-D i ；
wherein omega ih Represents the average value of the h II-type item calibration values of the I-type item of the group of products, m is the number of the group of products or the spot check item products, D i Representing the Euclidean average distance between the calibration value and the calibration value 1 of the ith class I item of the group of products, Q i The quality rating score for the I-th item of the group of products is represented, and Q represents the quality rating score for the group of products.
Preferably, in S8, a quality evaluation criterion Q is determined according to the importance degree of the product, the risk of the user side and the inspection level 0 ；
When Q is greater than or equal to Q 0 When the quality of the group of products meets the requirement, the group of products has good quality consistency and can be received;
when Q is less than Q 0 When the quality of the group of products does not meet the requirement, the group of products is judged according to the calibration value W ih And identifying quality evaluation items of the group of product quality weak links, analyzing and improving or eliminating unqualified products and defective products aiming at the weak links, and carrying out quality evaluation again after supplementing and producing a specified number of products.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the beneficial effects that:
1. the quality evaluation method of the small-size metal lattice sandwich structure product for engineering application and small-batch additive manufacturing is provided, and the blank of engineering application of the technology of additive manufacturing and metal lattice structure in product quality evaluation is filled;
2. the proposed evaluation method can utilize the score weight and the calibration function of the quality evaluation items of the products to calculate the calibration value for comprehensive evaluation, and the evaluation result can be calculated and quantized, and has high evaluation result confidence and small risk on the user side;
3. the provided evaluation method is high in universality, can be suitable for different industry fields, and is especially suitable for the aviation and aerospace fields with high requirements on product quality and reliability, few product batches and small batches.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the present application.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a method for evaluating quality of a metal lattice sandwich structure product in additive manufacturing includes:
s1: the method is mainly suitable for small-batch and small-size products, namely each batch can be produced in a grouping way, but the groups are continuous, namely main factors influencing the product quality, such as raw materials, equipment, processes and the like, are not changed, and are generally not more than 5 groups, and each batch is not more than 10 pieces, and the general size is not more than 500 mm multiplied by 100 mm due to the limitations of the capacity and the detection efficiency of nondestructive detection equipment;
s2: setting quality evaluation items of the metal lattice sandwich structure product;
s3: setting a scoring weight of each quality evaluation item;
s4: setting a calibration function of each quality evaluation item, wherein the calibration function represents the difference between the measured value and the optimal value of the product quality evaluation item;
s5: performing general inspection and selective inspection on each group of products according to quality evaluation items, and recording measured values;
s6: calculating the calibration value of the quality evaluation item of each group of products according to the actual measurement value recorded in the step S5 and the calibration function of the quality evaluation item determined in the step S4;
s7: carrying out normalized scoring according to the scoring weight of the quality evaluation item and the calibration value of each group of products to obtain a product quality evaluation score;
s8: judging whether the score meets the quality evaluation requirement, if not, identifying a quality evaluation item where the quality of the group of products is weak, analyzing and improving the weak links, supplementing qualified products and returning to the step S5, and if so, outputting an evaluation result.
In the embodiment, the application provides a quality evaluation method of a small-size metal lattice sandwich structure product for engineering application in small-batch additive manufacturing, fills up the blank of engineering application of the technology of additive manufacturing and metal lattice structure in product quality evaluation, and the proposed evaluation method can comprehensively evaluate by using the score weight and calibration function calculation calibration value of the quality evaluation item of the product, and the evaluation result is computable and quantifiable, has high evaluation result confidence and small user side risk, and the proposed evaluation method has strong universality, can be suitable for different industry fields, and is particularly suitable for aviation and aerospace fields with high requirements on product quality and reliability but small product batches and small batches.
Example 2
This embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that: the product quality evaluation items in S2 are evaluation items determined according to the characteristics of the product and the universality inspection items of the metal lattice sandwich structure product, wherein the evaluation items comprise class I items, the class I items comprise class II items, the class II items are sub-items of the class I items, and the quality evaluation items are shown in table 1:
table 1 general quality evaluation items for metal additive manufacturing of lattice sandwich structured products
Example 3
The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 2 is that in S3, the entropy method is used to calculate the score weight coefficient of the class I item, and the sum of all the weight coefficients of the class I item is 1, and the calculation process is as follows:
wherein A is ik Representing the assignment of a kth expert to the weighting coefficients of the ith class I item of the product, k E [1, l]，i∈[1，n]，A i A weight coefficient representing the I-th class I item of the product;
calculating the scoring weight coefficient of the class II items by adopting a statistical processing method, wherein the sum of the weight coefficients of all the class II items under each class I item is 1, and the calculation process is as follows:
wherein A is ihk Representing the assignment of the kth expert to the weighting coefficient of the h class II item under the ith class I item of the product, h E [1, t]，A ih A weight coefficient representing an h class II item of the I class I item of the product;
the calibration functions in S4 are divided into 3 classes, namely a qualitative requirement class, a telescope or telescope requirement class and a telescope requirement class;
for qualitative requirement classes, the most satisfactory calibration takes 1, i.e. W ih ＝1，W ih A calibration value representing an h II item of the I I item, the remaining dissatisfaction taking a value less than 1;
for the category of the requirement of telescope or telescope, W ih The calculation mode of (2) is as follows:
wherein X is ih Actual measurement value of h II item parameter representing I I item, X ih0 A specified value of an h II item parameter representing an I I item, V ih0 The optimal value of the h II type item parameter of the I type item is the optimal value of the h II type item parameter;
for the category of eye-observing requirements, W ih The calculation method of (2) is as follows:
wherein X is ih1 、X ih2 Double-sided prescribed value for h type II item parameter of I type I item, L ih 、U ih The optimal lower limit value and the optimal upper limit value of the h II project parameter are respectively the I I project.
In the embodiment, the method provided by the application can be used for comprehensively evaluating the quality of small-size metal lattice sandwich structure products manufactured by small-batch additive manufacturing by fusing multi-source heterogeneous information, has high evaluation result confidence and small risk on a user side, and can be suitable for evaluating the quality of the products in different industries (especially suitable for aviation and aerospace fields).
Example 4
This embodiment differs from embodiment 3 in that: in S5, for the general inspection items, each quality evaluation item of each product is detected, tested or simulated according to the specified inspection or test requirement and method, and the actual measurement value X is recorded ih Calculating a calibration value W ih ；
For the item of the spot check, detecting or testing the spot check quality evaluation item of the spot check product according to the specified detection or test requirement, and recording the actual measurement value X ih And calculate the calibration value W ih When the sampled product has both destructive and non-destructive evaluation items, detection of the non-destructive evaluation items is performed first.
In the embodiment, the general inspection has wide involved area, multiple indexes, large workload and strong timeliness, and can be suitable for inspection items with smaller working intensity, while the spot inspection has the characteristics of small difficulty, small error, strong representativeness, higher accuracy, no destructive experiment and the like, and the spot inspection has small workload and small error, so the spot inspection is suitable for the inspection items with larger working intensity.
Example 5
This embodiment differs from embodiment 4 in that: the calculation method for obtaining the quality evaluation score Q of each group of products in S7 is as follows:
Q i ＝1-D i ；
wherein omega ih Represents the average value of the h II-type item calibration values of the I-type item of the group of products, m is the number of the group of products or the spot check item products, D i Representing the Euclidean average distance between the calibration value and the calibration value 1 of the ith class I item of the group of products, Q i The quality rating score for the I-th item of the group of products is represented, and Q represents the quality rating score for the group of products.
Example 6
This embodiment differs from embodiment 5 in that: s8, determining a quality evaluation criterion Q according to the importance degree of the product, the risk of the user side and the inspection level 0 ；
When Q is greater than or equal to Q 0 When the quality of the group of products meets the requirement, the group of products has good quality consistency and can be received;
when Q is less than Q 0 When the quality of the group of products does not meet the requirement, the group of products is judged according to the calibration value W ih And identifying quality evaluation items of the group of product quality weak links, analyzing and improving or eliminating unqualified products and defective products aiming at the weak links, and carrying out quality evaluation again after supplementing and producing a specified number of products.
In the embodiment, the evaluation method provided by the application has strong universality, and can be suitable for different industry fields, in particular for aviation and aerospace fields with high requirements on product quality and reliability and small product batch.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that the embodiments described herein are for the purpose of aiding the reader in understanding the principles of the present application and should be understood that the scope of the application is not limited to such specific statements and embodiments. Those of ordinary skill in the art can make various other specific modifications and combinations from the teachings of the present disclosure without departing from the spirit thereof, and such modifications and combinations remain within the scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (6)
1. The method for evaluating the quality of the metal lattice sandwich structure product in additive manufacturing is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1: grouping the batches to be evaluated, each group comprising at least one product;
s2: setting at least one quality evaluation item of a metal lattice sandwich structure product;
s3: setting a scoring weight of each quality evaluation item;
s4: setting a calibration function of each quality evaluation item, wherein the calibration function represents the difference between the measured value and the optimal value of the product quality evaluation item;
s5: performing general inspection and selective inspection on each group of products according to quality evaluation items, and recording measured values;
s6: calculating the calibration value of the quality evaluation item of each group of products according to the actual measurement value recorded in the step S5 and the calibration function of the quality evaluation item determined in the step S4;
s7: carrying out normalized scoring according to the scoring weight of the quality evaluation item and the calibration value of each group of products to obtain a product quality evaluation score;
s8: judging whether the score meets the quality evaluation requirement, if not, identifying a quality evaluation item where the quality of the group of products is weak, analyzing and improving the weak links, supplementing qualified products and returning to the step S5, and if so, outputting an evaluation result.
2. The method for evaluating the quality of a metal lattice sandwich structure product by additive manufacturing according to claim 1, wherein the product quality evaluation items in S2 are evaluation items determined according to characteristics of the product and a universality inspection item of the metal lattice sandwich structure product, the evaluation items comprise at least one class I item, and one class I item comprises at least one class II item, wherein the class II item is a sub-item of the class I item.
3. The method for evaluating the quality of a metal lattice sandwich structure product manufactured by additive manufacturing according to claim 2, wherein the step S3 is characterized in that an entropy method is adopted to calculate the scoring weight coefficient of class I items, the sum of the weight coefficients of all class I items is 1, and the calculation process is as follows:
wherein A is ik Representing the assignment of a kth expert to the weighting coefficients of the ith class I item of the product, k E [1, l]，i∈[1，n]，A i A weight coefficient representing the I-th class I item of the product;
calculating the scoring weight coefficient of the class II items by adopting a statistical processing method, wherein the sum of the weight coefficients of all the class II items under each class I item is 1, and the calculation process is as follows:
wherein A is ihk Representing the assignment of the kth expert to the weighting coefficient of the h class II item under the ith class I item of the product, h E [1, t]，A ih A weight coefficient representing an h class II item of the I class I item of the product;
the calibration functions in S4 are divided into 3 classes, namely a qualitative requirement class, a telescope or telescope requirement class and a telescope requirement class;
for qualitative requirement classes, the most satisfactory calibration takes 1, i.e. W ih ＝1，W ih A calibration value representing an h II item of the I I item, the remaining dissatisfaction taking a value less than 1;
for the category of the requirement of telescope or telescope, W ih The calculation mode of (2) is as follows:
wherein X is ih Actual measurement value of h II item parameter representing I I item, X ih0 A specified value of an h II item parameter representing an I I item, V ih0 The optimal value of the h II type item parameter of the I type item is the optimal value of the h II type item parameter;
for the category of eye-observing requirements, W ih The calculation method of (2) is as follows:
wherein X is ih1 、X ih2 Double-sided prescribed value for h type II item parameter of I type I item, L ih 、U ih The optimal lower limit value and the optimal upper limit value of the h II project parameter are respectively the I I project.
4. A method for evaluating the quality of an additively manufactured metal lattice sandwich structure product according to claim 3, characterized in that in S5, the method is aimed at general inspectionItems, detecting, testing or simulating analysis is carried out on each quality evaluation item of each product according to specified inspection or test requirements and methods, and the actual measurement value X is recorded ih Calculating a calibration value W ih ；
For the item of the spot check, detecting or testing the spot check quality evaluation item of the spot check product according to the specified detection or test requirement, and recording the actual measurement value X ih And calculate the calibration value W ih When the sampled product has both destructive and non-destructive evaluation items, detection of the non-destructive evaluation items is performed first.
5. The method for evaluating the product quality of an additive manufactured metal lattice sandwich structure according to claim 4, wherein the calculation method for obtaining the product quality evaluation score Q of each group in S7 is as follows:
Q i ＝1-D i ；
wherein omega ih Represents the average value of the h II-type item calibration values of the I-type item of the group of products, m is the number of the group of products or the spot check item products, D i Representing the Euclidean average distance between the calibration value and the calibration value 1 of the ith class I item of the group of products, Q i The quality rating score for the I-th item of the group of products is represented, and Q represents the quality rating score for the group of products.
6. A kind of according to claim 5A method for evaluating quality of metal lattice sandwich structure product in additive manufacturing is characterized in that in S8, quality evaluation criterion Q is determined according to product importance degree, user side risk and inspection level 0 ；
When Q is greater than or equal to Q 0 When the quality of the group of products meets the requirement, the group of products has good quality consistency and can be received;
when Q is less than Q 0 When the quality of the group of products does not meet the requirement, the group of products is judged according to the calibration value W ih And identifying quality evaluation items of the group of product quality weak links, analyzing and improving or eliminating unqualified products and defective products aiming at the weak links, and carrying out quality evaluation again after supplementing and producing a specified number of products.
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| CN116805226A (en) * | 2023-08-21 | 2023-09-26 | 苏州泰科尤斯机械有限公司 | Multi-factor-based metal piece quality comprehensive management and control method, system and storage medium |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116805226A (en) * | 2023-08-21 | 2023-09-26 | 苏州泰科尤斯机械有限公司 | Multi-factor-based metal piece quality comprehensive management and control method, system and storage medium |
| CN116805226B (en) * | 2023-08-21 | 2023-10-27 | 苏州泰科尤斯机械有限公司 | Multi-factor-based metal piece quality comprehensive management and control method, system and storage medium |
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