CN116564086B - Method for configuring pre-defense resources of road traffic network - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for configuring a priori defense resource of a road traffic network. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring the related attribute and network travel requirement of a road traffic network of which defensive resources are to be configured; calculating various topological attribute values of road sections in a road traffic network; calculating various defensive resource allocation schemes of the network according to various topological attribute values of the road section; calculating the failure probability of a road section after a destructive event under various defending resource allocation schemes of a network, calculating a performance evaluation index of the network based on the failure probability simulation failure scene, and selecting a defending resource allocation scheme corresponding to the optimal performance evaluation index as a final defending resource allocation scheme of the network. The method of the invention improves the survival ability of the key road section after the destructive event, thereby ensuring the service level of the road traffic network after the event and providing reference for relevant departments to make initiative road network toughness improvement decisions.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of road defense resource allocation, in particular to a method for pre-defense resource allocation of a road traffic network.
Background
Destructive events such as earthquakes, floods, hurricanes, and man-made attacks can cause some degree of structural damage to the urban road traffic network. The damaged road section can not pass through, and the transportation of wounded persons, the distribution of rescue materials and the daily travel of residents can be influenced. Therefore, the defending resources are configured for the road section before the event occurs, reinforcement and transformation of the road section are realized, so that the failure probability of the road section after the event is reduced, and the method is very important for ensuring the connectivity and the service level of the road traffic network after the event and improving the toughness of the road traffic network for resisting destructive events. However, due to the limitation of manpower and material resources, the configured road section defending resources are usually limited, and the reasonable and efficient resource configuration scheme is planned and designed according to the structure and function roles of the road section in the road traffic network, so that the function of the limited resources is exerted to a greater extent.
For the configuration of the road traffic network defense resources, in the prior art, the scheme is assumed that investment can reduce the failure probability of a road section after an event, the problem of optimizing the configuration of the limited resources is studied with the maximum network efficiency as a target, and whether to invest the road section is determined by using discrete variables. Also, a scheme is adopted to construct a double-layer random optimization model, an upper layer model aims at maximizing network survival benefit, a continuous variable decision is adopted to improve the survival probability of a road segment, and a lower layer model calculates expected shortest journey time between all OD (Origin to Destination, starting point to end point) pairs. The prior resource allocation problem of the traffic network is modeled as a two-stage random optimization problem, a road section set for optimization transformation is decided in a first stage, and the travel cost under the scheme is estimated in a second stage. And the scheme also aims at the lowest cost of pre-protection and post-repair to construct a double-layer planning model, so as to decide a preventive protection scheme for the traffic network. There are also proposals to study which segments are protected under resource constraints to maximize connectivity reliability. Also, a scheme is used for constructing a random network optimization model to make a decision on which network components can be protected so as to minimize the total loss caused by network failure.
The above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art method for configuring the defending resources of the road traffic network include: the method models and solves the resource allocation problem before the traffic network event by using a random optimization method, however, a large number of scene samples and network performance index calculation under the corresponding scene lead the method to have stronger calculation complexity, and solving the resource allocation random optimization problem of the large-scale traffic network can generate larger calculation burden.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for configuring a priori defense resource of a road traffic network, so as to effectively configure the priori defense resource for the road traffic network.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme.
A method for configuring a pre-defense resource of a road traffic network comprises the following steps:
acquiring the related attribute and network travel requirement of a road traffic network of which defensive resources are to be configured;
calculating various topological attribute values of road sections in the road traffic network according to the related attributes of the road traffic network and the network travel demands;
calculating various defensive resource allocation schemes of the network according to various topological attribute values of the road section;
calculating the failure probability of a road section after a destructive event under various defending resource allocation schemes of a network, calculating a performance evaluation index of the network based on the failure probability simulation failure scene, and selecting a defending resource allocation scheme corresponding to the optimal performance evaluation index as a final defending resource allocation scheme of the network.
Preferably, the obtaining the related attribute of the road traffic network to be configured with the defending resource and the network travel requirement includes:
the method comprises the steps of obtaining relevant attributes of a road traffic network with defensive resources to be configured and network travel demands, and representing the road traffic network as a directed graph, wherein the relevant attributes of the road traffic network comprise the length of a road section, free flow transit time and traffic capacity, and the network travel demands comprise travel starting and ending points and the demand quantity between each pair of starting and ending points.
Preferably, the calculating various topological attribute values of the road segments in the road traffic network according to the related attributes of the road traffic network and the network travel demands comprises:
setting topological attributes of a road traffic network, wherein the topological attributes comprise betweness betweenness and degree, and the generalized topological attributes comprise betweenness of taking the starting and ending points of travel into consideration and volume road section flow;
for a road section, the method for calculating the degree of arrival of the start point and the degree of departure of the end point of the road section is the sum of the degree of arrival of the start point and the degree of departure of the end point, the method for calculating the best point of arrival of the end point of the road section is the proportion of the number of paths passing through a certain road section in the shortest paths among all node pairs of the network to the total number of the shortest paths, the method for calculating the OD-best point is the proportion of the number of paths passing through a certain road section in the shortest paths among all travel start point and end point pairs to the total number of the shortest paths, and the method for calculating volume is to distribute traffic demands by using a user balance model to obtain road section traffic or to obtain actually measured road section traffic flow data.
And dividing each topological attribute value of the road section by the maximum value of the corresponding attribute value in the network to normalize the topological attribute values.
Preferably, the calculating the various defensive resource allocation schemes of the network according to the various topological attribute values of the road section includes:
defensive resource r of road section i i The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
wherein r is i The defending resource allocated to the road section i is R is the total defending resource amount, x i The value range of the topological attribute value of the road section i is [1,3 ], and beta is the defending resource allocation parameter]；
According to the above formula 1, the betweenness, degree, OD-betweenness and volume4 topology attribute values of the road section are calculated to respectively correspond to the defensive resources configured for the road section.
Preferably, the calculating the failure probability of the road section after the destructive event under various defending resource allocation schemes of the network, based on the failure probability simulation failure scene, calculating a performance evaluation index of the network, selecting a defending resource allocation scheme corresponding to the optimal performance evaluation index as a final defending resource allocation scheme of the network, includes:
calculating the failure probability of a road section after a destructive event under various defensive resource allocation schemes of a network, setting a failure threshold value theta to represent the failure degree of the event, and assuming that the survival ability obeying mean value of the road section is r i /l i A log-normal distribution with variance sigma, where r i Defensive resources allocated for road segment i, l i Judging that the road section survives if the survivability of the road section is greater than or equal to the failure threshold value theta for the length of the road section; if the survival ability of the road section is smaller than the failure threshold value theta, judging that the road section fails, and finally judging the failure probability F of the road section i i The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
under each defensive resource allocation scheme, according to failure probability F of road section i And randomly generating a plurality of failure scenes by utilizing Monte Carlo simulation, calculating the average value of the performance evaluation indexes of the network surviving under various failure scenes, and selecting a defensive resource configuration scheme corresponding to the average value of the maximum performance evaluation indexes as a final defensive resource configuration scheme of the network.
From the above technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present invention, it can be seen that the present invention provides a method for configuring limited defending resources of a road traffic network before an event from the perspective of network topology, so as to improve the toughness of the road traffic network in response to the destructive event, and improve the survival ability of a key road section after the destructive event, thereby ensuring the service level of the road traffic network after the event, and providing a reference for relevant departments to make an active road network toughness improvement decision.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a process flow diagram of a method for configuring a pre-defense resource of a road traffic network according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a network topology schematic diagram of a siouxfall road traffic network according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary only for explaining the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", "the" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless expressly stated otherwise, as understood by those skilled in the art. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" or "coupled" to another element, it can be directly connected or coupled to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. Further, "connected" or "coupled" as used herein may include wirelessly connected or coupled. The term "and/or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
For the purpose of facilitating an understanding of the embodiments of the invention, reference will now be made to the drawings of several specific embodiments illustrated in the drawings and in no way should be taken to limit the embodiments of the invention.
Aiming at the situation that the road traffic network is damaged in structure after events such as natural disasters, artificial attacks and the like and the connectivity and service level of the traffic system are reduced, the invention provides a method for configuring the limited defending resources of the road traffic network before the events from the perspective of network topology, and improves the toughness of the road traffic network for coping with destructive events. According to the invention, by means of a complex network theory, network function roles of road sections are identified by utilizing topology attributes and generalized topology attributes considering travel demands and traffic flow characteristics, defensive resources are configured according to criticality of the road sections, the survival ability of the key road sections after destructive events is improved, and the toughness of the road traffic network for coping with the destructive events is improved, so that the service level of the road traffic network after the events is ensured, and references are provided for relevant departments to make initiative road network toughness improvement decisions.
The processing flow of the method for configuring the pre-defense resources of the road traffic network provided by the embodiment of the invention is shown in fig. 1, and the method comprises the following processing steps:
step S1: and acquiring the related attribute and the network travel demand of the road traffic network to be configured with the defending resources, and representing the road traffic network as a directed graph. The related attributes of the road traffic network comprise the length of a road section, free flow passing time and passing capacity, and the network travel demands comprise travel starting and ending points and the amount of demand between each pair of starting and ending points.
Step S2: and calculating various topological attribute values of road sections in the road traffic network according to the related attributes of the road traffic network and the network travel demands.
The topology attributes of the road traffic network include betweenness, degree, and the generalized topology attributes include OD-betweenness and volume (road section traffic). Wherein betweenness, OD-betweenness weights the road segment length at the time of calculation. For a road section, the method for calculating the degree of arrival of the start point and the degree of departure of the end point of the road section is the sum of the degree of arrival of the start point and the degree of departure of the end point, the method for calculating the best point of arrival of the end point of the road section is the proportion of the number of paths passing through a certain road section in the shortest paths among all node pairs of the network to the total number of the shortest paths, the method for calculating the OD-best point is the proportion of the number of paths passing through a certain road section in the shortest paths among all travel start point and end point pairs to the total number of the shortest paths, and the method for calculating volume is to distribute traffic demands by using a user balance model to obtain road section traffic or to obtain actually measured road section traffic flow data.
And dividing each topological attribute value of the road section by the maximum value of the corresponding attribute value in the network to normalize the topological attribute values.
Step S3: and calculating various defensive resource allocation schemes of the network according to various topological attribute values of the road sections.
Defensive resource r of road section i i The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
wherein r is i The defending resource allocated to the road section i is R is the total defending resource amount, x i The value range of the topological attribute value of the road section i is [1,3 ], and beta is the defending resource allocation parameter]。
According to the above formula 1, the defending resources allocated to the road segment corresponding to the betweenness, degree, OD-betweenness and volume4 topology attribute values of the road segment can be calculated.
Step S4: and calculating the failure probability of the road section after the destructive event under various defensive resource allocation schemes of the network. The failure threshold value theta of the road section is set to represent the damage degree of the event, and the larger the failure threshold value is, the larger the damage degree of the event is. Assuming that the survival ability of the road section obeys a mean value r i /l i A log-normal distribution with variance sigma, where r i Defensive resources allocated for road segment i, l i If the survival capacity of the road section is greater than or equal to the failure threshold value, judging that the road section is alive and can normally run; and if the survival capability of the road section is smaller than the failure threshold value, judging that the road section fails, and removing the road section from the network.
Failure probability F of road section i i The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
step S5: and selecting a performance evaluation index of a network in the road traffic network to measure the service level of the network after the destructive event. For example: and measuring the topological integrity and connectivity of the network by using the maximum connected subgraph and the network efficiency index, and measuring the demand service level of the road traffic network by using the indexes such as the starting and ending point pair quantity of the connection.
Step S6: and selecting an optimal resource allocation scheme.
Under each defensive resource allocation scheme, according to failure probability F of road section i And randomly generating 50 failure scenes by utilizing Monte Carlo simulation, calculating the average value of the performance evaluation indexes of the network surviving in various failure scenes, and selecting a defensive resource configuration scheme corresponding to the average value of the maximum performance evaluation indexes as a final defensive resource configuration scheme of the network.
Taking a SiouxFalls road traffic network as a case network, firstly acquiring network attributes and travel demands, wherein the network related attributes are shown in a table 1, the travel demands are shown in a table 2, fig. 2 is a network topology diagram, each node in the diagram represents an intersection and a demand point of a corresponding label, a connecting edge represents a road section, and an arrow direction of the connecting edge represents a road direction.
TABLE 1 properties of SiouxFalls network
TABLE 2SiouxFalls network travel demand
| Start/finish | 1 | 3 | 5 | 7 | 9 | 11 | 13 | 15 | 17 | 19 | 21 |
| 1 | 0 | 500 | 300 | 800 | 120 | 600 | 80 | 150 | 300 | 180 | 90 |
| 3 | 20 | 0 | 70 | 540 | 250 | 360 | 480 | 620 | 120 | 150 | 300 |
| 5 | 400 | 200 | 0 | 210 | 850 | 120 | 90 | 410 | 220 | 360 | 420 |
| 7 | 150 | 160 | 270 | 0 | 520 | 560 | 130 | 70 | 150 | 200 | 70 |
| 9 | 210 | 180 | 120 | 120 | 0 | 120 | 120 | 170 | 310 | 200 | 210 |
| 11 | 120 | 240 | 850 | 460 | 630 | 0580 | 520 | 420 | 340 | 450 | 850 |
| 13 | 160 | 360 | 410 | 530 | 650 | 630 | 0 | 460 | 620 | 660 | 960 |
| 15 | 230 | 310 | 520 | 580 | 240 | 120 | 140 | 0 | 570 | 320 | 120 |
| 17 | 290 | 290 | 360 | 560 | 950 | 770 | 850 | 260 | 0 | 190 | 740 |
| 19 | 350 | 680 | 380 | 110 | 630 | 690 | 360 | 530 | 640 | 0 | 350 |
| 21 | 280 | 550 | 780 | 280 | 220 | 580 | 230 | 120 | 610 | 810 | 0 |
Assuming that the viability of the initial network segment obeys a log-normal distribution with a mean value of 0 and a variance of 1, 30 ten thousand yuan of defending funds are planned to be invested for reinforcing the segment, each ten thousand yuan can raise the viability mean value of the segment of unit length by 1, the failure threshold value θ=1.0, and when no funds are invested, each segment in the network has a probability of failure of 0.5.
Various topological attribute values of each road section are calculated and normalized, and the results are shown in Table 3.
Table 3 normalized road segment topology attribute values
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Taking the resource configuration parameter beta=2, calculating the resources configured by the road section according to each topological attribute value and the failure probability of the road section under the configuration scheme according to the resource configuration function, wherein the calculation result is shown in table 4.
Table 4: various resource allocation schemes and calculation results of road section failure probability under various resource allocation schemes
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The selected network performance evaluation index is to maximize the number of the starting and ending point pairs of network communication, 50 failure scenes are generated according to the failure probability simulation of road sections under each resource allocation scheme, the average proportion of the starting and ending point pairs of all the failure scene communication when the resource allocation is carried out according to betweenness is calculated to be 0.413, and the standard deviation is 0.150; the average proportion of the starting point and the ending point of all failure scene communication is 0.475 and the standard deviation is 0.172 when the resource allocation is carried out according to volume; the average proportion of the starting point pair and the ending point pair of all failure scene communication is 0.441 and the standard deviation is 0.175 when the resource allocation is carried out according to the OD-betweenness; the average ratio of the starting point and the ending point of all failure scene communication when resource allocation is carried out according to the delay is 0.392, and the standard deviation is 0.145. In summary, a scheme for resource allocation according to volume is selected as the final scheme.
In summary, the embodiment of the invention identifies the function roles of the road segments in the road traffic network by means of the complex network theory and utilizing the topology attributes and the generalized topology attributes of the road segments, constructs the resource allocation function, allocates limited defending resources for the road segments according to the criticality of the road segments, improves the toughness of the road traffic network for coping with destructive events, has low calculation complexity, is convenient to realize, and can provide a simple and quick calculation scheme for defending resource allocation before large-scale road traffic network events.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that: the drawing is a schematic diagram of one embodiment and the modules or flows in the drawing are not necessarily required to practice the invention.
From the above description of embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention may be implemented in software plus a necessary general hardware platform. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied essentially or in a part contributing to the prior art in the form of a software product, which may be stored in a storage medium, such as a ROM/RAM, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, etc., including several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the method described in the embodiments or some parts of the embodiments of the present invention.
In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and identical and similar parts of each embodiment are all referred to each other, and each embodiment mainly describes differences from other embodiments. In particular, for apparatus or system embodiments, since they are substantially similar to method embodiments, the description is relatively simple, with reference to the description of method embodiments in part. The apparatus and system embodiments described above are merely illustrative, wherein the elements illustrated as separate elements may or may not be physically separate, and the elements shown as elements may or may not be physical elements, may be located in one place, or may be distributed over a plurality of network elements. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment. Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand and implement the present invention without undue burden.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily understood by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (2)
1. A method for pre-defense resource allocation of a road traffic network, comprising:
acquiring the related attribute and network travel requirement of a road traffic network of which defensive resources are to be configured;
calculating various topological attribute values of road sections in the road traffic network according to the related attributes of the road traffic network and the network travel demands;
calculating various defensive resource allocation schemes of the network according to various topological attribute values of the road section;
calculating the failure probability of a road section after a destructive event under various defending resource allocation schemes of a network, calculating a performance evaluation index of the network based on the failure probability simulation failure scene, and selecting a defending resource allocation scheme corresponding to the optimal performance evaluation index as a final defending resource allocation scheme of the network;
the calculating various topological attribute values of road sections in the road traffic network according to the related attributes of the road traffic network and the network travel demands comprises the following steps:
setting topological attributes of a road traffic network, wherein the topological attributes comprise betweness betweenness and degree, and the generalized topological attributes comprise betweenness of taking the starting and ending points of travel into consideration and volume road section flow;
for a road section, the method for calculating the degree of arrival of the starting point and the degree of departure of the ending point of the road section is the sum of the degree of arrival of the starting point and the degree of departure of the ending point, the method for calculating the best of the number of paths passing through a certain road section in the shortest paths among all node pairs of the network is the proportion of the total number of the shortest paths, the method for calculating the OD-best is the proportion of the number of paths passing through a certain road section in the shortest paths among all travel starting point and ending point pairs is the proportion of the total number of the shortest paths, and the method for calculating volume is to distribute traffic demands by using a user balance model to obtain road section traffic or adopt actually measured road section traffic flow data;
dividing each topological attribute value of the road section by the maximum value of the corresponding attribute value in the network to realize normalization of the topological attribute values;
the method calculates various defensive resource allocation schemes of the network according to various topological attribute values of the road section, and comprises the following steps:
defensive resource r of road section i i The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
wherein r is i The defending resource allocated to the road section i is R is the total defending resource amount, x i The value range of the topological attribute value of the road section i is [1,3 ], and beta is the defending resource allocation parameter]；
According to the formula 1, betweenness, degree, OD-betweenness and volume4 topology attribute values of the road section are calculated to respectively correspond to the defensive resources configured for the road section;
the calculating of the failure probability of the road section after the destructive event under various defending resource allocation schemes of the network, the calculating of the performance evaluation index of the network based on the failure probability simulation failure scene, selecting the defending resource allocation scheme corresponding to the optimal performance evaluation index as the final defending resource allocation scheme of the network, comprising:
calculating the failure probability of a road section after a destructive event under various defensive resource allocation schemes of a network, setting a failure threshold value theta to represent the failure degree of the event, and assuming that the survival capability s of the road section obeys a mean value r i /l i A log-normal distribution with variance sigma, where r i Defensive resources allocated for road segment i, l i Judging that the road section survives if the survivability of the road section is greater than or equal to the failure threshold value theta for the length of the road section; if the survival ability of the road section is smaller than the failure threshold value theta, judging that the road section fails, and finally judging the failure probability F of the road section i i The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
under each defensive resource allocation scheme, according to failure probability F of road section i And randomly generating a plurality of failure scenes by utilizing Monte Carlo simulation, calculating the average value of the performance evaluation indexes of the network surviving under various failure scenes, and selecting a defensive resource configuration scheme corresponding to the average value of the maximum performance evaluation indexes as a final defensive resource configuration scheme of the network.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the obtaining the relevant attributes of the road traffic network and the network travel requirements of the defensive resource to be configured comprises:
the method comprises the steps of obtaining relevant attributes of a road traffic network with defensive resources to be configured and network travel demands, and representing the road traffic network as a directed graph, wherein the relevant attributes of the road traffic network comprise the length of a road section, free flow transit time and traffic capacity, and the network travel demands comprise travel starting and ending points and the demand quantity between each pair of starting and ending points.
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