CN116559090A - Respiratory detection system - Google Patents
Respiratory detection system Download PDFInfo
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- CN116559090A CN116559090A CN202210106913.6A CN202210106913A CN116559090A CN 116559090 A CN116559090 A CN 116559090A CN 202210106913 A CN202210106913 A CN 202210106913A CN 116559090 A CN116559090 A CN 116559090A
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- AYEKOFBPNLCAJY-UHFFFAOYSA-O thiamine pyrophosphate Chemical compound CC1=C(CCOP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O)SC=[N+]1CC1=CN=C(C)N=C1N AYEKOFBPNLCAJY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- CYRMSUTZVYGINF-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichlorofluoromethane Chemical compound FC(Cl)(Cl)Cl CYRMSUTZVYGINF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RSJKGSCJYJTIGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N undecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC RSJKGSCJYJTIGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003612 virological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
Abstract
The present invention provides an exhaled breath detection system, wherein the system comprises: the device comprises a gas sampling unit, a gas sensing unit, a spectrum detection unit, a storage unit and an analysis unit, wherein the gas sampling unit is used for collecting exhaled gas of a detected human body; the gas sensing unit comprises a sensing device; the spectrum detection unit comprises a quantum dot spectrum detection device for carrying out spectrum detection on the sensing device; the storage unit stores a database and/or an algorithm model.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of medical equipment, and particularly relates to a detection system for identifying and analyzing components of human metabolism exhaled gas, in particular to a detection system for evaluating health conditions of a heart-lung system and a respiratory system through analysis of human metabolism exhaled gas.
Background
Analytical detection of human conditions, particularly human pathological conditions, has long been an important and hot spot in health, medical research or practice. In addition, non-invasive or non-invasive detection methods are becoming popular medical or non-medical treatment methods for convenience, comfort, scale, and efficiency, as compared to invasive, human or organ interventional detection or monitoring methods.
For non-invasive detection or monitoring, the most common method can detect the gas exhaled by the human body to determine the specific human body state. For example, the already mature expired alcohol detector can rapidly obtain the relative alcohol content in expired air and calculate the alcohol content of human blood by proceeding with the expired air of human body.
Further, existing research has been attempted in the health, medical field by detecting the gas composition exhaled by the human body and analyzing the result, thereby establishing a possible link between the analysis result and the health state or disease of the human body. For example, in recent years, a related study on TVOCs in gas exhaled from a human body has become a new hot spot, and for example, reference 1 and reference 2 have been summarized for the related study.
Human respiration is divided into inhalation and exhalation processes, wherein the inhalation exchanges external ambient air with the internal environment at the blood air barrier in alveoli, and exogenous compounds are in contact with almost every tissue of the human body after diffusing into the blood; during exhalation, exogenous compounds and endogenous compounds reflecting internal physical conditions diffuse from the blood into the breath, exiting the body through exhalation. And the exhaled air of the human body mainly comprises nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, water vapor, inert gases and thousands of trace volatile organic compounds (volatile organic compounds, VOCs) and inorganic molecules (e.g. NO, NH) 3 And CO, etc.).
The products of the metabolic, catabolic and exogenous exposure processes that occur continuously in the human body, most of which are exogenous, originate from environmental contaminant inhalation, food intake, skin contact, drug metabolism, etc., and which reflect the effects of external factors on the health of the human body; the metabolite VOCs which are derived from human physiology and pathology reactions and discharged outside along with exhaled air contain rich biological characteristic information, respiration can be used as a medium of metabonomics, and the metabonomics of respiration can deeply understand all metabolic processes of the human body and provide more comprehensive physical condition information. Metabolites in exhaled breath of a human body can be detected and changes thereof can be monitored through exhaled breath analysis, and the method is used for health condition assessment and disease diagnosis of the human body.
Human metabolites (such as VOCs) reach the lung through blood, and are discharged out of the body in an exhaled air mode through the respiratory tract after substance exchange in the lung, so that the abnormal metabolism of the human body can cause the change of certain components in the exhaled air, and further, the condition can be analyzed and judged through an exhaled air diagnosis method. VOCs in the exhaled breath of the human body can reveal various health conditions of the human body, and compared with the traditional invasive blood sampling detection, the exhaled breath analysis diagnosis has the advantages of noninvasive, quick and accurate performance and the like.
For example, since Pauling et al found that there are more than 200 VOCs in exhaled breath of human body, there has been increasing research on the correlation between the VOC component of exhaled breath and disease states, and there has been a description of the correlation in research on lung cancer, diabetes, breast cancer and the like. These VOCs are known as biomarkers of disease. In recent years, exhaled breath analysis is widely applied to research of disease biomarkers, and changes in the types and levels of VOCs in exhaled breath are found to be associated with the existence of various diseases, such as abnormal levels of isoprene, dimethyl sulfide, methyl nitrate, acetone, butanol and some long-chain alkanes and benzene series in exhaled breath of diabetics; pentane, benzene, styrene, propanol, etc. are all identified as possible markers of lung cancer; heptanone, pentanone, ethane, pentane, etc. have proven to be significantly associated with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). For example, reference 3 discloses a detection device for expiratory diabetes, which provides effective information on blood glucose monitoring through detection of exhaled air. Citation 4 is used for researching the difference between the components of VOCs in the exhaled breath of healthy people and patients, and provides information for noninvasive rapid diagnosis of upper respiratory tract infection typing. The method collects the exhaled air of 60 patients with upper respiratory tract infection and 30 healthy people, quantitatively detects 97 VOCs by using GC-MS, analyzes the distribution characteristics of substances such as alkane, alkene, halohydrocarbon, oxygenated hydrocarbon, aromatic hydrocarbon and the like in the exhaled air of the healthy people and the patients, and analyzes the difference of the VOCs in indoor air and the exhaled air of the healthy people and the patients by using ANOVA-PCA.
Although some research has been conducted on the relationship between the exhaled VOCs gas and the state of the human body, its accuracy, convenience, and universality are still not said to be sufficient.
Citation literature:
citation 1: analysis and research of the exhaled breath of human body, progress of clinical application, chen Ranran, etc., journal of clinical examination, month 5, volume 39, 5 of 2021;
citation 2: research progress of VOCs collection and analysis technology in lung cancer diagnosis and treatment, guo Ling and the like, journal of Chinese lung cancer, volume 24, 11 of 2021, 11 th month;
citation 3: CN206020322U;
citation 4: exhaled breath VOCs are different between upper respiratory tract infection patients and healthy people, wang and the like, university of Beijing-Nature science edition, 2021, 12 months.
Disclosure of Invention
Problems to be solved by the invention
A certain corresponding relation has been theoretically provided for the relation between the types of VOCs in the exhaled air and the human body state in the art. However, in long-term practice, the inventors of the present invention have found the following problems:
first, existing exhaled breath detection systems generally require collection/enrichment of exhaled breath from a human body, and for example, reference 2 describes methods for enriching VOCs in exhaled breath from a human body, which methods include: collecting VOCs by using an air bag or a VOC sampler and an adsorption tube (Tenax), and finally detecting the collected VOCs by heating and desorbing; liquefying, condensing and collecting and detecting the expired gas; extracting and detecting VOCs in body fluid, and the like. However, such enrichment methods cannot be said to be simple and are not suitable for large-scale high-efficiency detection.
Secondly, for example, the solution provided in reference 3 is generally only used by a specific individual/patient for a long period of time, and therefore, it is difficult to say that the solution can be used as a general-purpose detection device for reliably detecting different individuals within the same time period, and is also unsuitable for large-scale high-efficiency detection.
Third, although the schemes such as cited document 3 and 4 have attempted detection of blood sugar or lung cancer, currently, the application of detecting VOCs to monitor the health status of the human body is still relatively focused on the above two aspects (diabetes and lung cancer), but there is still no effective means for establishing the association of other diseases with the exhaled VOCs gas of the human body.
In addition, it should be noted that the types of VOCs gas generated by human metabolism are not only dependent on diseased cells, but also volatile organic compounds are generated by other normal cells, immune cells and infectious pathogens, and such composition is also affected by the age, sex, eating habits, other living preferences (smoking, drinking) of the subject, and is difficult to unify and standardize. The current research actually shields such effects in an effort to create a reliable, relatively uniform data acquisition and analysis processing means, but again, this inhibits the reliability and broad versatility of current analysis methods.
In view of the above deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides an exhaled breath detection system, comprising: the detection system is high in convenience and reliability, is particularly suitable for rapid detection of large-scale people, and is particularly suitable for detection of novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2).
Solution for solving the problem
Through long-term intensive research by the inventor, the technical problems can be solved through implementation of the following technical schemes:
[1] the present invention provides an exhaled breath detection system, wherein the system comprises:
a gas sampling unit, a gas sensing unit, a spectrum detection unit, a storage unit and an analysis unit,
wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,
the gas sampling unit is used for collecting exhaled gas of a tested human body;
the gas sensing unit comprises a sensing device which is contacted with the exhaled gas to perform a physical reaction and/or a chemical reaction;
the spectrum detection unit comprises a quantum dot spectrum detection device for carrying out spectrum detection on the sensing device;
The storage unit stores a database, and the database comprises the following spectrum detection data classified according to different physiological states or comprises an algorithm model established according to the following spectrum detection data:
i) Reference spectrum detection data of exhaled gas of healthy people;
ii) patient spectral detection data of gas exhaled by the patient population;
and the analysis unit performs comparison analysis on the detection result of the spectrum detection unit (of the gas exhaled by the detected human body) and the reference spectrum detection data in the database or invokes the algorithm model to analyze the detection result.
[2] The detection system according to [1], wherein the gas sampling unit collects VOCs gas exhaled from the human body, with or without enrichment means of VOCs gas.
[3] The detection system of [1] or [2], wherein the sensor device in the gas sensing unit comprises one or more of a liquid, solid, or semi-solid sensing material that produces a change in spectrum upon contact with the exhaled breath, the change in spectrum comprising a change in at least one of an emitted light spectrum, a reflected light spectrum, a transmitted light spectrum, an emitted light spectrum, or an absorbed light spectrum.
[4] The detection system according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein the spectral detection of the sensor device includes at least one of detection of spectral data information and detection of a spectral image.
[5] The detection system according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein the reference spectrum detection data and the disease spectrum detection data are obtained by detection of the healthy population and the disease population, respectively, by a data collection system including the gas sampling unit, the gas sensing unit, and the spectrum detection unit;
the different physiological states include one or more of age, gender, health condition, life preference, blood group, body Mass Index (BMI), family history.
[6] The detection system according to any one of [1] to [5], wherein in the database: the patient group comprises one or more groups of patients suffering from a1 disease, a2 disease … … or an disease, wherein a 1-an represent different diseases, and the patient spectral detection data is established and stored for each disease group of patients.
[7] The detection system according to any one of [1] to [6], wherein the comparative analysis process of the analysis system includes:
Comparing the test spectrum data of the human body to be tested, which are classified identically according to the physiological state, with the reference spectrum detection data to obtain a difference spectrum characteristic C1;
comparing patient spectrum detection data of patient groups classified to be the same according to physiological states and suffering from any same disease with reference spectrum detection data to obtain a difference spectrum characteristic C2;
c1 was compared to C2.
[8] The detection system according to any one of [1] to [7], wherein the reference spectrum detection data and the patient spectrum detection data are obtained by fitting through big data processing; the analysis unit the comparative analysis comprises artificial intelligence comparison.
[9] The detection system according to any one of [1] to [8], wherein the database stored in the storage unit includes patient spectral detection data of gas exhaled by a patient population suffering from novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2).
ADVANTAGEOUS EFFECTS OF INVENTION
Through implementation of the technical scheme, the invention can obtain the following technical effects:
the detection system does not need special enrichment operations such as adsorption-desorption, condensation liquefaction and the like on the exhaled air of the human body, allows the unprocessed exhaled air of the human body to directly react with the sensing material in the air sensing unit, and further detects spectrum information;
The detection system of the invention uses the quantum dot spectrum detection device to detect the spectrum information of the sensing material absorbing the gas exhaled by the human body, and obtains the difference spectrum characteristic by researching and comparing the reference spectrum data of the gas exhaled by the detected human body and the healthy crowd so as to analyze and determine the state of the detected human body. Thus, it is possible, but not necessary, to perform a correspondence analysis with a specific kind of VOCs gas for a specific human health state or disease state;
according to the invention, the reference spectrum detection data of healthy people, the patient spectrum detection data of diseased people and the difference spectrum characteristics between the reference spectrum detection data and the patient spectrum detection data can be obtained by means of a mathematical method or fitting through big data processing, so that the detection precision is remarkably increased along with the enrichment of the data quantity in a database, and the method is particularly suitable for detecting a plurality of areas of people;
in the invention, when the comparison is carried out in the analysis unit, the comparison can be assisted by artificial intelligence, and the accuracy of the comparison result can be obviously improved along with the enrichment of the data quantity in the database;
in the invention, the database of the storage unit can store one or more kinds of disease spectrum detection data of the crowd suffering from one disease, so that the detection system of the invention can be practically compatible with detection of various diseases, and the applicability is greatly improved;
In addition, the database of the storage unit classifies the data of healthy people and patient people according to different physiological states, so that the detection data can be compared with the data in the classification corresponding to the database in a targeted manner when the disease is detected, and the detection accuracy can be greatly improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a spectral camera system of a spectral detection unit in a detection system according to the invention in a specific embodiment.
Fig. 2 shows a block diagram of a spectral camera system of a spectral detection unit in a detection system according to the invention in a specific embodiment.
Fig. 3 a-3 d show responses to spectral information for different subjects tested.
Detailed Description
The following describes the present invention in detail. The following description of the technical features is based on the representative embodiments and specific examples of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments and specific examples. It should be noted that:
in the present specification, the numerical range indicated by the term "numerical value a to numerical value B" means a range including the end point numerical value A, B.
In the present specification, a numerical range indicated by "above" or "below" is a numerical range including the present number.
In the present specification, the meaning of "can" includes both the meaning of performing a certain process and the meaning of not performing a certain process.
In the present specification, the use of "optional" or "optional" means that some substances, components, execution steps, application conditions, and the like are used or not used, and the specific manner of use is not limited.
In the present specification, the use of "room temperature" means a temperature under the condition of 25 ℃.
In the present specification, the term "visible light" means light having a wavelength of 380nm to 880 nm.
In the present specification, unit names used are international standard unit names, and "%" used represent weight or mass% unless otherwise specified.
In this specification, the nomenclature of 2019 coronavirus disease (covd-19) and its viruses is under the World Health Organization (WHO) nomenclature principle, i.e., the formal name of the virus responsible for 2019 coronavirus disease (covd-19) (previously referred to as "2019 novel coronavirus") and its causative diseases has been published. The formal names are:
disease: 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19)
Virus: severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).
Reference throughout this specification to "some specific/preferred embodiments," "other specific/preferred embodiments," "an embodiment," and so forth, means that a particular element (e.g., feature, structure, property, and/or characteristic) described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment described herein, and may or may not be present in other embodiments. In addition, it is to be understood that the elements may be combined in any suitable manner in the various embodiments.
The present invention provides an exhaled air detection system, and in particular, the inventive concept of the present invention is based on the insight that:
as already analyzed, existing analyses for exhaled gaseous VOCs species typically require cumbersome gas enrichment followed by chromatographic, mass spectrometric, nuclear magnetic etc. detection of the enriched gas. The basic idea of these studies is to establish a correlation between the type of VOCs gas and a specific disease, and thus to improve the accuracy of detection for the human subject, however, such an overall concept determines that the detection mode is more complex, and the improvement of accuracy is greatly limited.
In contrast, the invention provides a new idea, namely, by taking spectral analysis, particularly quantum dot spectral detection as means, classifying according to different physiological states and respectively establishing reference spectral detection data of exhaled air of healthy people and spectral detection data of one or more people suffering from the same disease of exhaled air by a big data processing method, and obtaining the difference spectral characteristics C2 of the two for one disease; further, after obtaining detected spectrum detection data obtained by the human body to be detected, comparing the detected spectrum detection data with reference spectrum detection data to obtain a difference spectrum characteristic C1; and then C1 and C2 are compared (can be compared by artificial intelligence) to judge whether the tested human body suffers from corresponding diseases.
Specifically, the exhaled breath detection system of the present invention comprises a gas sampling unit, a gas sensing unit, a spectrum detection unit, a storage unit and an analysis unit. The respective units described above will be specifically described below:
(gas sampling Unit)
The gas sampling unit of the present invention is used for collecting gas exhaled from the human body. The specific structure of the gas sampling unit is not particularly limited, and a gas collection device conventional in the art may be used.
In some specific embodiments of the invention, the gas sampling unit includes a collection port and a conduit portion. The collection port can be a blowpipe structure or a cover structure which is provided with a tail end bell mouth and is attached to the mouth of a human body. Furthermore, optionally, an air bag may be used in connection with the collection port or the line portion to function as a (temporary) gas collection.
Further, the other end of the blowpipe structure or the cover-type structure is connected with a pipeline. In some embodiments, the blowpipe structure or the hood structure is a replaceable structure or a non-replaceable structure, and the material of the blowpipe structure or the hood structure meets one or more requirements of ethanol disinfection, ultraviolet disinfection and distillation disinfection. Accordingly, these structures may be made of glass, natural or synthetic polymer, paper, or the like.
And the tail end of the gas sampling unit is connected with other components through a pipeline structure. In addition, in some embodiments of the present invention, the gas collection unit may have a gas pressure control structure, for example, a gas flow check valve may be provided to vent gas out of the gas sampling unit when the collected gas flow is over-pressurized. In other embodiments, the gas sampling unit also has a moisture filtering element to absorb excess moisture (to prevent moisture from the exhaled breath from forming moisture on the transparent window of the subsequent gas sensing unit and thereby impeding detection by the spectrum detection unit), typically such element may be in a plate, granular or mesh arrangement.
Through the gas sampling unit, the gas exhaled by the human body, especially VOCs gas in the exhaled gas, can be collected.
The type of VOCs gas is not particularly limited, and may generally include one or more of alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, aromatic hydrocarbons, oxygenated hydrocarbons (alcohols, ethers, aldehydes, ketones, esters, etc.), nitriles, sulfur-containing organic compounds, and halides thereof.
Typically, isopentane, n-hexane, isobutane, m-methylethylbenzene, propylene, methacrolein, n-butyraldehyde, 2-pentanone, p-dichlorobenzene, xylene, trimethylbenzene, propionaldehyde, tetrafluorodichloroethane, difluoromethane, chlorodifluoromethane, chlorochlorochloromethane, fluorotrichloromethane, butanone, benzene, methylcyclohexane, toluene, dichloroethylene, n-undecane and the like can be cited.
In addition, the gas sampling unit of the present invention may collect the VOCs gas, and may include other inorganic gases such as nitrogen oxides and carbon oxides in some cases.
(gas sensing Unit)
In the invention, the gas exhaled by the human body of the gas sampling unit is collected and enters the gas sensing unit and contacts with the sensing device in the gas sensing unit, wherein the sensing device comprises or is formed by a gas sensitive material. Also, as a result of the contact, the gas sensitive material adsorbs the exhaled gas of the human body and a physical change, a chemical reaction, or both occur.
In some specific embodiments, as the gas sensitive material, it may have at least one of a solid form, a semi-solid form, or a liquid form. The use form of the gas-sensitive material is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include plate-like, film-like, granular or net-like forms, and a support or a skeleton may be used to fix the gas-sensitive material to form a convenient-to-use sensor device, if necessary.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the detection device may be a sensor device in which a gas-sensitive material is formed in a film-like or plate-like array or array chip.
Further, the gas sensitive materials that may be specifically exemplified may include one or more nanocomposites, and in some specific embodiments, these nanocomposites are capable of exhibiting a change in light emission, reflection, transmission, emission, and/or light absorption characteristics (the light emission characteristics being obtained by detecting emitted light, which may include two or more types of light such as reflected light, emitted light, transmitted back-reflected light, etc.) after adsorbing a gas exhaled by a human body, in particular after adsorbing a VOCs gas exhaled by a human body, typically, in one embodiment, one or more light reflection/light emission peaks of the nanocomposite are changed in intensity before and after adsorbing a gas, or one or more light reflection/light emission peaks of the nanocomposite are changed in peak position before and after adsorbing a gas.
In some preferred embodiments, two or more nanocomposite materials are included in the sensing device, and these different types of nanocomposite materials may be distributed over different regions of the sensing device, and form different spectral detection regions upon subsequent spectral detection.
In addition, for the specific kind of the above nanocomposite, there may be mentioned:
the materials of the gas sensitive material reagent comprise: one or more of quantum dot materials, chemical dyes, fluorescent luminescent materials.
The quantum dot material can comprise II-VI CdS, cdSe, cdTe, znS, znSe, pbS, pbSe, III-V InP, gaP, gaN, alN isoquantum dot materials; core-shell structure materials such as CdS/ZnS, cdSe/CdS, cdSe/ZnS, cdSe/CdS/ZnS, cdTe/CdS/ZnS, znSe/ZnS, inP/ZnSe, inP/ZnS, inP/GaP/ZnS, etc.; carbon quantum dots; perovskite quantum dots; precious metal (e.g., au, ag, etc.) quantum dots, and the like.
The chemical dyes and fluorescent luminescent materials may be: thymol blue, methyl yellow, methyl orange, bromophenol blue, bromocresol green, methyl Red, bromocresol purple, bromocresol blue, neutral Red, phenol Red, thymol blue, phenolphthalein, thymolphthalein, hexanal (DNPH), dinitrophenylhydrazine, copper tetraphenylporphyrin (CuTPP), iron porphyrin (FeTPP), zinc porphyrin (ZnTPP), tetraphenylporphyrin (H2 TPP), copper tetraphenylporphyrin (CuTPP), methyl Red (Methyl Red), bromophenol Red (Bromophenol Red), bromothymol green (Bromothymol Green), porphyrin, metalloporphyrin type dyes, bromoxylenol blue, 4-nitrophenylhydrazine, raschel Dye (Rechardt's Dye), malachite green chloride (Malachite Green Chloride), self-synthesized hydrazino-containing fluorescent molecules, manganese porphyrin.
The gas-sensitive material may be supported on a carrier, which may be set according to actual needs, and the material of the optional substrate is not particularly limited, and may be selected from various polymer materials, and examples thereof include: one of Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), nylon, non-woven fabric, MCE and polypropylene (PP).
Each carrier may carry a plurality of gas-sensitive materials. The gas-sensitive material may be supported on the carrier by printing or printing, typically by screen printing, ink-jet printing, or the like. In some preferred embodiments, the carrier may be provided with a plurality of areas, such as a plurality of grooves, and the body-sensitive material may be formed on the carrier by other means, such as by dispensing, dripping, etc.
The sensor device formed of or including the gas-sensitive material may be a detector having a certain transparency to visible light, and the total transparency to visible light may be 50% or more, preferably 60% or more, and more preferably 70% or more.
The arrangement of the gas sensing unit of the present invention is not particularly limited, and the above-mentioned sensing devices may be placed in a cabinet having a housing, and one or more sensing devices may be provided for the number of sensing devices, and a set of sensing devices may be formed in parallel or stacked, and preferably, each sensing device is movable and detachable in position for easy installation or detection, and the sensing devices may be placed in the same or different areas in the gas sensing unit. In view of the subsequent spectrum detection, transparent windows (for example, symmetrically provided on both sides of the gas sensor unit case to form light paths) may be provided at appropriate positions of the chamber, and the transparent windows may be formed of a transparent glass material or a resin material. Further, for each detection, a sensing device in the gas sensing unit may be directly detected using a spectrum detection unit (through a window portion) to be described later, or after the sensing device adsorbs gas exhaled from the human body, it may be removed from the gas sensing unit to be put into a detection position of the spectrum detection unit to be described later for detection.
(Spectrum detection Unit)
The spectrum detection unit is used for detecting a detection body in the gas sensing unit and obtaining related spectrum information. When detecting the sensing device in the gas sensing unit, the spectrum detection unit of the present invention can detect and obtain not only the data information of the spectrum (such as the data information of the light emission peak, the light absorption peak position, the intensity, etc.), but also the image (imaging) information of the spectrum.
In view of detection reliability and the like, the spectrum detection unit of the present invention comprises a quantum dot spectrum detection device, preferably the quantum dot spectrum detection device comprises a quantum dot spectrum camera system. The constitution or structure of the quantum dot spectral camera system is not particularly limited in the present invention, and generally, such a system includes a light source and a spectral camera body. The light source irradiates the sensing device in the gas sensing unit, and further, the light of the light source is received by the spectrum camera after passing through the sensing device.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the description of the quantum dot spectral camera system (hereinafter referred to as "spectral camera system" or "camera system") is as follows:
Referring to fig. 1, the spectral camera system may include a light source device 3, a lens 4, and a spectral camera body 5.
The principle of the spectrum camera system is as follows: the light emitted by the light source device 3 irradiates the sample position 2 (i.e. the sensing device in the gas sensing unit may be a thin film type array, for example), and the light is reflected by the sample and then enters the lens 4 and the spectrum camera body 5, so as to obtain spectrum data of the sample.
Referring to fig. 2, in one embodiment of the present application, the light source device 3 includes a lamp housing 31 and a lamp bead 32. The lamp housing 31 protrudes toward the spectral camera body 5, and the lamp beads 32 are provided on the sample-facing surface of the lamp housing 31. The lamp housing 31 not only facilitates light collection, but also facilitates control of the position of the lamp beads 32. The light beads 32 may be LED light beads, which may have a plurality (not less than 2), and the light source device 3 can be controlled to emit light of different wavelengths (colors) or different wavelength ranges by controlling the light beads 32 to be turned on and off.
The spectral camera system may further include a light source adjusting frame 33 and a light source fixing plate 34, the light source adjusting frame 33 may have a kidney-shaped hole therein, and the light source fixing plate 34 may be provided with a screw hole. The light source device 3 is fixedly connected to the light source adjusting frame 33, and the light source fixing plate 34 is fixedly connected to the frame structure of the spectrum detecting device. The position of the light source device 3 can be adjusted by adjusting the fixing position of the light source adjusting frame 33 on the light source fixing plate 34 through the waist-shaped hole and the corresponding screw. For example, the light source device 3 may be adjusted in position in the up-down direction in fig. 2.
The lens 4 includes an optical lens for collecting reflected light of the sample onto a detector of the spectral camera body 5 for receiving light. The detector of the spectrum camera body 5 comprises a quantum dot module capable of absorbing light of a preset wavelength, so that a spectrum image with high resolution can be provided. Of course, the lens 4 is connected to the spectral camera body 5.
The spectrum detection apparatus may further include a camera adjusting frame 52 and a camera fixing plate 51, the camera adjusting frame 52 may have a kidney-shaped hole therein, and the camera fixing plate 51 may be provided with a screw hole. The spectrum camera body 5 is fixedly connected to the camera adjusting frame 52, and the camera fixing plate 51 is fixedly connected to the frame structure of the spectrum detection device. The positions of the spectral camera body 5 and the lens 4 can be adjusted by adjusting the fixing positions of the camera adjusting frame 52 on the camera fixing plate 51 through the kidney-shaped holes and the corresponding screws. For example, the spectral camera body 5 and the lens 4 can be adjusted in position in the up-down direction in fig. 2.
The spectrum sensing device may further comprise a master control circuit 6 and a master controller 7. The main control circuit 6 is used for controlling the light source device 3 and the spectrum camera body 5 to be turned on and off, and the main controller 7 is used for correspondingly processing the data collected by the spectrum camera body 5.
In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the spectral camera system may further comprise a display screen for displaying images or data.
Further, referring to fig. 2, the spectrum camera system comprises a sample stage 1, a sample position 2, a driving device 8 and the spectrum detection device, wherein the sample position 2 can be used for placing the gas sensing unit (as shown in fig. 2) and aligning the sensing device therein, or can be used for placing the sensing device removed from the gas sensing unit.
The spectrum camera system can be divided into a device area A where the spectrum detection device is located, a sample stage 1, a sample position 2 and a sample area B where the driving device 8 is located. The device region a and the sample region B may be integrated in one box structure.
It will be appreciated that the device area a need not be frequently opened and closed. The device area a may include a connection post A1 and a cover body, and the cover body may be capped to the device area a through the connection post A1 to form a body portion of the box structure.
The sample area B needs to be frequently opened and closed, and the sample needs to be replaced (for example, the sensing device in the sample position 2 is replaced). The sample area B may be provided with a cover, which may preferably be designed as an easy-to-open cover type. The cover body can be a hinge type cover body, a magnetic attraction type cover body, a drawing type cover body, a buckle type cover body and the like, or various cover body combinations (for example, the hinge type cover body and the magnetic attraction type cover body are combined, so that the cover body can be conveniently rotated and opened, and a certain limiting effect is provided at the same time), and the opening and closing states of the sample area B are easy to change.
A communication port is provided between the sample area B and the device area a, in particular between the light source device 3 and the sample position 2, through which communication port light can pass. The communication port can be provided with the opening and closing door B1, the opening and closing door B1 can transmit light, and the smooth performance of spectrum detection is not affected when the opening and closing door B1 is closed. After opening the cover of the sample area B, the opening/closing door B1 can be opened, so that the apparatus such as the lens 4 can be adjusted without opening the cover of the apparatus area a. Of course, the opening/closing door B1 may not be provided, and only the communication port may be provided at this position.
Further, the sample stage 1 may be a holding device for fixing the sample position 2 (or placing the object to be measured at this position). The sample platform can also be matched with the slide rail 9 for use, and the sample platform 1 sliding connection is in the slide rail 9 to connect the sample platform 1 through drive arrangement 8 (for example motor) and universal joint, finally realize the purpose that the drive sample platform moved on the slide rail 9, the light counterpoint of being convenient for.
The application can also make the following modifications to the spectrum detection device or the spectrum detection system.
For example, the device area a further includes a heat dissipation hole A2 for timely dissipating internal heat;
the equipment area a further includes a cooling fan A3, and one or more cooling fans A3 may be provided;
A driving adjusting frame 81 and a driving fixing plate 82 can be further arranged, a kidney-shaped hole is formed in the driving adjusting frame 81, and a threaded hole can be formed in the driving fixing plate 82. The driving device 8 is fixedly connected to the driving adjusting frame 81, and the driving fixing plate 82 is fixedly connected to the frame structure of the spectrum detecting device. The position of the driving device 8 can be adjusted by adjusting the fixing position of the driving adjusting frame 81 on the driving fixing plate 82 through the kidney-shaped hole and the corresponding screw. For example, the driving device 8 may adjust the position in the left-right direction in fig. 2.
(storage Unit and analysis Unit)
In the present invention, the spectral data detected by the above-mentioned spectral detection unit may be stored in the storage unit, while the analysis unit provides analysis of these spectral data. It is furthermore emphasized that while the main role of the analysis unit is in the analysis of the spectral data (e.g. providing a method to analyze the variability between different spectral data), at the same time an analysis method may also be provided to optimize the results of the spectral detection data, e.g. noise reduction, calibration, etc. Also, in some specific embodiments, the analysis methods (algorithm models, etc.) required by the analysis unit may be implemented by direct calls from the storage unit.
In the present invention, as a storage unit, the storage unit is mainly used for storing the following two aspects of spectrum data information or storing algorithm model algorithm data information established based on the following spectrum data information, and the storage unit comprises:
i) Reference spectrum detection data of exhaled gas of healthy people;
ii) patient spectral detection data of gas exhaled by the patient population;
in addition, other data information may be temporarily stored (or may be stored for a long period of time, of course), and iii) test spectrum data of the human subject obtained when the human subject is detected in real time.
The algorithm model is not particularly limited, and may be an algorithm for accurately determining whether or not a human subject suffers from a specific disease. These algorithms are built based on the basic data of i and ii described above, which may include algorithms of the way i and ii data are compared, algorithms of subjecting iii data to comparable processing, etc., and such algorithms may be adjusted as the data of i and ii described above are continuously enriched.
The above data information may be stored in an arbitrarily set database of the storage unit, and, without limitation, the data in such a database may be called or displayed by the analysis unit or the output device according to any need, and at the same time, such a database or the data therein may be edited via other third-party programs as any need arises.
Further, for the spectral data of i and ii above, it is advantageous to include data that has been categorized by different physiological states. Such physiological states are not particularly limited in principle, for example, age, sex, living preference, blood group, body Mass Index (BMI), family history, health condition (others), and the like. It should be noted that the more finely divided the physiological state is, the more advantageous it is for the final detection effect of the present invention.
In particular, reference spectral detection data for exhaled breath of i) a healthy population may be classified according to one or more physiological states. For example:
a. when classifying by age, age-spectrum data may be employed for classified storage of data information;
b. when age and gender are adopted for compound classification, data information can be classified and stored according to age-gender-spectrum data.
Similarly, various combinations may be performed according to the type of physiological state to classify the data.
As a result of classification according to physiological states, the spectral detection data of the healthy people obtained for each classification can be fitted by means of the existing mathematical, optical analysis method or big data analysis method to obtain the reference spectral detection data of the exhaled air of the healthy people. Also, in some specific embodiments, such reference data may be white background removed data. The white background refers to data of spectrum detection on a blank gas sampling unit or a sensing device in the gas sampling unit which does not adsorb the gas exhaled by the human body.
Further, for the patient spectral detection data of the gas exhaled by ii) the patient population, it is equally possible to classify the gas according to one or more physiological states, while at the same time, as an additional classification criterion, it is necessary to superimpose at least one specific disease category (herein "disease" means a medically established "disease"). These data are derived from a patient population having different diseases, including one or more populations having a1 disease, a2 disease … … or an disease, wherein a 1-an represent different diseases, and the patient spectral detection data are established and stored for each disease patient population.
More specifically, after collecting the data of the patient population, the data may be classified according to one or more physiological states, for example:
a'. When classifying by age, classification storage of data information can be performed using disease type-age-spectrum data;
when the compound classification is carried out by adopting the ages and the sexes, the classification storage of the data information can be carried out according to the disease type-age-sex-spectrum data.
Similarly, various combinations may be performed according to the type of physiological state to classify the data. In addition, for the disease category, at least one disease may be included in each category, and, in case, several diseases co-existing at the same time may be included, for example, the above a' may be changed into lung cancer-age-spectral data, influenza a-age-spectral data, lung cancer-influenza a-age-spectral data, or the like.
Correspondingly, as a result of classifying the data of the diseased crowd according to the physiological state, the spectrum detection data of the diseased crowd obtained by each classification can be fitted by means of the existing mathematical, optical analysis method or big data analysis method to obtain the disease spectrum detection data of the gas exhaled by the diseased crowd. Similarly, in some particular embodiments, such reference data may be white background removed data.
Further, after obtaining (data fitting) i) baseline spectral detection data of exhaled air of healthy people and ii) patient spectral detection data of exhaled air of diseased people, a difference spectral signature C2 of ii and i can be compared via an analysis method provided by the analysis unit. It should be noted that the analysis method may be provided by the analysis unit or may be called from the storage unit by the analysis unit.
For the above differential spectral feature C2 is the differential spectral feature associated with a particular one of ii or multiple diseases of the same type. For example, in some cases, C2 represents a differential spectral signature between a population suffering from influenza a (and may also be supplemented with physiological states of age, gender, etc.) and a healthy population corresponding to the classification.
In addition, with respect to the above-described differential spectral feature C2, it should be understood that it is a collection of various differential information in the spectral information, which is not necessarily only a difference of certain spectral information, and the spectral feature may include a spectral image feature, a spectral absorption peak feature, or a combination feature thereof.
In some specific embodiments of the invention, the C2 may be "fingerprint" signature information having a direct association with a particular class of VOCs compounds in exhaled breath of the human body under a particular disease state, such "direct association" being found from known studies or newly established by use of the detection system of the invention. After such "fingerprint" feature information is determined, it can be directly determined whether the detected "fingerprint" feature information has a corresponding disease or not by whether the detected "fingerprint" feature information has been detected in the subsequent detection of the detected population.
In other specific embodiments of the present invention, the C2 may not depend on the direct correlation between the above-mentioned diseases and the special type of VOCs compounds, i.e., spectral detection data information, particularly image information, of a diseased person suffering from the same disease is compared with reference spectral data information of a healthy person as a whole, and feature information having significance (P < 0.05) is obtained to be stored as C2.
The resulting disease-associated C2 may also be stored in the above-mentioned storage unit or in a database built therein.
Next, the following table is schematically given to illustrate one practical occurrence of C2:
wherein:
C a patient spectral test data representing men 40-60 years old (bmi=18-28) with lung cancer diagnosis; c (C) b Patient spectral test data representing males 40-60 years old (bmi=18-28) with hyperglycemia diagnosis; c (C) c Patient spectral test data representing males 40-60 years old (bmi=18-28) with a confirmed diagnosis of viral influenza.
The detection system can directly provide the health detection of an unspecified detected object, specifically, the physiological state of the detected human body or the detected object is known or recorded (the physiological state can be input into an analysis unit of the system for standby in some specific cases), and further the exhaled gas is detected by using the detection system of the invention, so that the test spectrum data of the detected human body is obtained. The data is compared with reference spectrum data under the corresponding physiological state classification stored in a storage unit of the detection system (a comparison analysis method can be provided by an analysis unit), so as to obtain a difference spectrum characteristic C1. C1 is further compared with various C2 stored in the system, and whether the tested human body suffers from a certain disease is determined by a comparison analysis method provided by the analysis unit.
In addition, the comparative analysis method for the provision of the analysis unit is not particularly limited, and may be formed by an existing medical analysis method, or may be implemented by artificial intelligence assistance thereon, and as such, these analysis methods may be provided by the analysis unit alone or may be called from the storage unit. For a specific artificial intelligence analysis method, there is no limitation, and various existing intelligent learning methods can be adopted.
The invention can provide detection of diseases conveniently, efficiently and accurately through the establishment of the analysis system, and in addition, in some occasions, the invention can provide a new thought for the analysis method based on human VOCs without carrying out correspondence analysis on a specific human health state or disease state and a specific VOCs gas type. And is particularly suitable for large-scale and rapid screening against 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19).
Examples
Hereinafter, the present invention will be further described by way of specific examples.
The gas sensitive material used for detecting the expired gas in the embodiment is as follows: bromoxylenol blue, 4-nitrophenylhydrazine, a Raschel Dye (Rechardt's Dye), and malachite green chloride (Malachite Green Chloride).
Wherein, the bromoxylenol blue is 4mg/ml; 4-nitrophenylhydrazine is 5mg/ml; the Rayleigh dye is 4mg/ml; malachite green chloride was 4mg/ml. After bromoxylenol blue, 4-nitrophenylhydrazine, lei's Dye and malachite green chloride (Malachite Green Chloride) reacted with the corresponding substances, the absorbance spectra were changed and the figures before and after the reaction were as shown in FIGS. 3 a-3 d, respectively. Wherein the detected exhaled gas (hereinafter referred to as "gas sample") is derived from a subject having the following physiological states:
gas sample number 15-1: male, 35 years old, no disease, no family history, no smoking habit;
gas sample No. 6-1: men, 26 years old, no disease, no family history, no smoking habits;
gas sample number 4: male, 30 years old, no disease, no family history, no smoking habit;
gas sample No. 11-1M: women, 42 years old, no disease, no family history, no smoking habits.
In fig. 3a to 3d, the abscissa indicates the wavelength (wavelength), and the ordinate indicates the absorption intensity (intensity) in a.u..
15-1 in FIG. 3a represents only the test gas sample number, and the latter 0 and 2L represent the sample feed being 0L and 2L, respectively. Similarly, 6-1 in FIG. 3b represents only the test gas sample number, and the later 0L and 2L represent the incoming sample at 0L and 2L, respectively. 4 in FIG. 3c represents only the test gas sample number, with the latter 0 and 2L representing 0L and 2L of the incoming sample, respectively. 11-1M in FIG. 3d represents only the test gas sample number, with the latter 0 and 2L representing 0L and 2L of the incoming sample, respectively.
The four gas sensitive materials are arranged on the same carrier, and the four materials are distributed by adopting a 2 x 2 array.
The expired gas is acted by four gas sensitive materials at the same time, the spectral changes of the four gases are analyzed by big data.
From fig. 3a to 3d, it can be seen that the gas sensitive material changes in spectral information when it contacts different physiological state testers. Thus:
classification by different physiological states can be established based on the same method:
i) Reference spectrum detection data of exhaled gas of healthy people;
ii) patient spectral detection data of gas exhaled by the patient population;
and can then compare the differences between them and determine the features with significant differences as the detection signature comparison information for the particular disease.
Industrial applicability
The detection system of the present invention can be industrially prepared and can be used for detection of diseases.
Claims (9)
1. An exhaled breath detection system, said system comprising:
a gas sampling unit, a gas sensing unit, a spectrum detection unit, a storage unit and an analysis unit,
wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,
the gas sampling unit is used for collecting exhaled gas of a tested human body;
The gas sensing unit comprises a sensing device which is contacted with the exhaled gas to perform a physical reaction and/or a chemical reaction;
the spectrum detection unit comprises a quantum dot spectrum detection device for carrying out spectrum detection on the sensing device;
the storage unit stores a database, wherein the database comprises the following spectrum detection data classified according to different physiological states or comprises an algorithm model established according to the following spectrum detection data:
i) Reference spectrum detection data of exhaled gas of healthy people;
ii) patient spectral detection data of gas exhaled by the patient population;
and the analysis unit performs comparison analysis on the detection result of the spectrum detection unit and the reference spectrum detection data in the database or invokes the algorithm model to analyze the detection result.
2. The detection system of claim 1, wherein the gas sampling unit collects VOCs gas exhaled from the human body with or without enrichment means for VOCs gas.
3. The detection system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the sensing device in the gas sensing unit comprises one or more of a liquid, solid or semi-solid sensing material that produces a change in a spectrum upon contact with the exhaled breath, the change in the spectrum comprising a change in at least one of an emitted light spectrum, a reflected light spectrum, a transmitted light spectrum, an emitted light spectrum or an absorbed light spectrum.
4. A detection system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the spectroscopic detection of the sensing device comprises at least one of detection of spectroscopic data information, detection of spectroscopic images.
5. The detection system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the reference spectrum detection data and the patient spectrum detection data are obtained by detection of a data collection system including the gas sampling unit, the gas sensing unit, and the spectrum detection unit via the healthy population, the diseased population, respectively;
the different physiological states include one or more of age, gender, health condition, life preference, blood group, body Mass Index (BMI), family history.
6. The detection system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein in the database: the disease population comprises one or more populations suffering from a1 disease, a2 disease … … or an disease, wherein a 1-an represent different diseases, and the disease spectral detection data is established and stored for each disease population.
7. The detection system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the comparative analysis process of the analysis system comprises:
Comparing the test spectrum data of the human body to be tested, which are classified identically according to the physiological state, with the reference spectrum detection data to obtain a difference spectrum characteristic C1;
comparing patient spectrum detection data of patient groups classified to be the same according to physiological states and suffering from any same disease with reference spectrum detection data to obtain a difference spectrum characteristic C2;
c1 was compared to C2.
8. The detection system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the reference spectrum detection data and the patient spectrum detection data are obtained by fitting by big data processing; the comparative analysis of the analysis unit includes artificial intelligence comparison.
9. The detection system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the database stored in the storage unit includes disease spectral detection data of gas exhaled by a patient population suffering from novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2).
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