CN116536585A - Preheater hanging plate and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Preheater hanging plate and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN116536585A CN116536585A CN202310561676.7A CN202310561676A CN116536585A CN 116536585 A CN116536585 A CN 116536585A CN 202310561676 A CN202310561676 A CN 202310561676A CN 116536585 A CN116536585 A CN 116536585A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- percent
- hanging plate
- preheater
- molten iron
- shot blasting
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000002159 nanocrystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium nickel Chemical compound [Cr].[Ni] VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 127
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 51
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002054 inoculum Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910001200 Ferrotitanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910000604 Ferrochrome Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ZrO2 Inorganic materials O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007750 plasma spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000616 Ferromanganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron manganese Chemical compound [Mn].[Fe] DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001093 Zr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- XTYUEDCPRIMJNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper zirconium Chemical compound [Cu].[Zr] XTYUEDCPRIMJNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007751 thermal spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001309 Ferromolybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000863 Ferronickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000592 Ferroniobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001145 Ferrotungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000628 Ferrovanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- WNMKSPOOQSCFMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Zr].[Si].[Fe] Chemical compound [Zr].[Si].[Fe] WNMKSPOOQSCFMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- UPHIPHFJVNKLMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium iron Chemical compound [Cr].[Fe] UPHIPHFJVNKLMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 ferrozirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- ZFGFKQDDQUAJQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron niobium Chemical compound [Fe].[Fe].[Nb] ZFGFKQDDQUAJQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001337 iron nitride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- PNXOJQQRXBVKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron vanadium Chemical compound [V].[Fe] PNXOJQQRXBVKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- CXOWYMLTGOFURZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N azanylidynechromium Chemical compound [Cr]#N CXOWYMLTGOFURZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 6
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 3
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012856 weighed raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001021 Ferroalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000914 Mn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052729 chemical element Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012938 design process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/10—Cast-iron alloys containing aluminium or silicon
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C33/06—Making ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/005—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing rare earths, i.e. Sc, Y, Lanthanides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/34—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/48—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/50—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with titanium or zirconium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/58—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/06—Metallic material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
- C23C4/134—Plasma spraying
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/18—After-treatment
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D13/00—Apparatus for preheating charges; Arrangements for preheating charges
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a preheater hanging plate and a preparation method thereof, wherein a high chromium nickel heat-resistant steel material is adopted as a base body of the preheater hanging plate, a working surface is a composite nano crystal coating material prepared by spraying a composite material on the base body by plasma, then performing shot blasting treatment on the sprayed surface by high-speed shot blasting, and finally sintering in a vacuum sintering furnace. The composite nano crystal coating material for the working surface of the hanging plate has good heat resistance and wear resistance, has high density, can effectively improve the high-temperature oxidation resistance, corrosion resistance, wear resistance and other performances of the working surface of the hanging plate, has high use safety coefficient and stable quality when being combined with a substrate, greatly prolongs the service life of the hanging plate, reduces the replacement times, and reduces the cost, and the economic benefit and the social benefit are obvious.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preheater hanging plate and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of metal materials and processing.
Background
The preheater is the equipment that heats cement material on the dry process cement production line, and the link plate is the vital spare part of preheater inner tube, and the preheater link plate receives high temperature oxidation and various harmful gas corrosion for a long time in the course of the work, like: the hanging plate is easy to oxidize and corrode under the working conditions, and is easy to peel, crack and even break under the scouring working conditions containing dust air flow, so that the normal operation of the system is seriously affected, and therefore, the development of the hanging plate with safe use and long service life is particularly important.
Regarding the material, structural design and production process of the hanging plate of the preheater, the prior scientific researchers and related production enterprises carry out a series of research and development work, and various hanging plates with excellent performance are developed, and the hanging plates are mainly improved in the aspects of the structure of the hanging plates, the design of the hanging plates by adopting nonmetallic materials, the design of the hanging plates by adopting heat-resistant steel new materials and the like.
From the aspect of the hanging plate structure design, as in patent CN 202692711U, a 'preheater inner barrel hanging plate with transverse reinforcing ribs' is disclosed. The technology is structurally added with the reinforcing ribs, but the chemical composition of the material of the matrix is not clearly described, no improvement is made, and in operation, the working part of the hanging plate completely reacts with harmful gases in the environment and cannot block corrosion, so that the design cannot completely avoid oxidation and corrosion improvement and cannot prolong the service life of the hanging plate. Patent CN 202692709U, invent "high strength preheater inner barrel link plate", it has 2-6 strengthening ribs between upper extension and top of the couple; 2-6 reinforcing ribs are arranged between the downward extension part and the bottom of the groove. The patent merely improves the structure of the hanger plate without any description or improvement in terms of materials, whether or not such improvement actually improves the life with uncertainty.
From the aspect of selecting nonmetallic materials for the hanging plate, the patent CN 100447109C invents an alumina ceramic hanging plate for a cement kiln and a preparation method thereof. The whole hanging plate is made of ceramic materials, the ceramic materials have the advantages of high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and the like, but the most serious disadvantage is that the ceramic materials have poor toughness, and the preheater is inevitably subjected to various vibration or material collision in normal operation, so that micro cracks of the ceramic hanging plate can be caused, and even the situation that the hanging plate falls off or breaks in a large area and the like occurs, so that the normal operation of the preheater is seriously influenced. Therefore, the ceramic preheater hanging plate has serious potential safety hazard in use, so the ceramic material is not suitable for being used as the preheater hanging plate and is difficult to replace an alloy steel hanging plate. Patent CN101565319B discloses a recrystallized silicon carbide hanging plate for an inner cylinder of a cement kiln preheater and a preparation method thereof. The manufacturing process is similar to that of ceramic hanging plates, and silicon carbide belongs to the category of nonmetallic materials, and it can be inferred that the mechanical property index of the hanging plates is similar to that of ceramics, unsafe conditions can occur in the using process, and the normal operation of production is affected.
From the aspect of selecting a new heat-resistant steel material for the hanging plate, the materials used for the hanging plate on the market at present are ZG40Cr25Ni20Si2, and the chemical components are as follows: c:0.3% -0.5%, si:1.0 to 2.5 percent of Mn:2%, P:0.04%, S:0.03%, cr:24% -27%, mo:0.5% >, ni:19% -22%. Patent CN110499475A discloses an austenitic heat-resistant steel and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the heat-resistant steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: cr: 15.0-18.0%, mn:10.0 to 14.0 percent of Ni:3.5 to 4.5 percent of Si:0.5 to 0.8 percent, C:0.28 to 0.37 percent, N:0.2 to 0.4 percent of rare earth elements: 0.01 to 0.1 percent, S is less than or equal to 0.04 percent, P is less than or equal to 0.04 percent, and the balance is iron and inevitable microelements in the manufacturing process, wherein the rare earth elements in the heat-resistant steel are at least one selected from Ce and Y. The high manganese alloy element is adopted to replace the high nickel alloy element, which obviously makes it difficult to achieve the use effect of ZG40Cr25Ni20Si2, and although the austenitic heat-resistant steel prepared according to the chemical element composition has good high-temperature mechanical property and oxidation resistance, no corresponding data and use cases are exemplified or described. Patent CN 108018501a discloses "a synthetic formulation of new material of high-strength heat-resistant steel", the raw materials of the high-strength heat-resistant steel include: C. cr, W, mo, si, al, nb and the balance of Fe, wherein the raw materials respectively comprise the following components in percentage by mass: c:0.52 to 0.6 percent of Cr:22.2% -24.2%, W:0.3 to 0.32 percent of Mo:0.65 to 0.68 percent of Si:1.0 to 1.15 percent of Al:3.1% -3.4%, nb:1.12 to 1.32 percent. The disadvantages of this patent are: compared with the ZG40Cr25Ni20Si2 material used for the hanging plate in the market at present, the carbon is improved, nickel is not contained, the higher the carbon content is, the lower the high-temperature strength of the heat-resistant steel is, in addition, the hanging plate belongs to the use environment of stress at high temperature, the heat-resistant steel does not contain nickel element, and the use safety of stress at high temperature is difficult to ensure. Patent CN104164625B discloses a heat-resistant steel for resisting chlorine corrosion under high-temperature working conditions and a using method thereof, wherein the heat-resistant steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c:0.1 to 0.5 percent of Si:0.5 to 2.5 percent of Mn:0.1 to 2.0 percent of Cr:20.0 to 30.0 percent of Ni:14.0 to 25.0 percent, W:1.0 to 4.0 percent of Mo:0.5 to 2.5 percent of Al:2.0 to 5.0 percent, V:0.1 to 1.0 percent of Nb:0.05 to 0.5 percent of Ti:0.05 to 0.3 percent, S, P less than or equal to 0.03 percent, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities. This patent increases the content of tungsten element, W:1.0 to 4.0 percent, tungsten is a noble metal, and the massive use of tungsten does not accord with the national conditions of China, thereby increasing the cost, having low cost performance, and additionally adding a heat treatment process, which is also a factor of increasing the cost.
In summary, the researches on the preheater hanging plate mainly have the following disadvantages:
(1) The appearance and the structure of the hanging plate are improved and designed, but in the working process of the hanging plate, the corrosion or cracking of the hanging plate occurs at an uncertain position, because the corrosion of the working surface of the hanging plate can occur or be carried out everywhere due to the severe working condition, the corrosion or cracking can be gradually amplified until failure along with the extension of time, so the structure of the hanging plate is improved, the oxidation or corrosion of the hanging plate cannot be fundamentally improved, the service life of the hanging plate cannot be effectively prolonged, and the effect of improving the structure of the hanging plate is limited on prolonging the service life of the hanging plate.
(2) In order to improve the high-temperature oxidation and corrosion resistance of the product, in order to prolong the service life of the hanging plate, a considerable part of the hanging plate is made of ceramics, and the like, the hanging plate is washed by materials at high temperature in the use process, the working condition is complex, the ceramic material really has good heat resistance and corrosion resistance, but the toughness of the ceramic material is very low and obvious, and the toughness of the ceramic material is poorer under the high-temperature working condition, so that the ceramic is used as the hanging plate, the hanging plate has potential safety hazards, cracks, even potential hazards of cracking or breaking off easily exist, the normal operation of production is seriously influenced, the ceramic material is used as the hanging plate, and the safety is a very main uncertain factor, so that the ceramic hanging plate is not the preferred material of the hanging plate.
(3) For the new heat-resistant steel material, although the components of the new material are listed, for the practical use effect, the high-temperature performance and the like are not substantially compared with those of the traditional hanging plate material (ZG 40Cr25Ni20Si 2), and the novel heat-resistant steel material has no advantages and is not suitable for popularization and application.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides a preheater hanging plate and a preparation method thereof, which effectively improve the use safety of the hanging plate and prolong the service life.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the preheater hanging plate comprises a substrate and a working surface, wherein the substrate is made of high-chromium-nickel heat-resistant steel material, the working surface is a composite nano crystal coating material prepared on the substrate, and the chemical components of the working surface are as follows in percentage by weight: 2.97 to 4.455 percent, si:8.33 to 30.1 percent of Ti: 1.06-1.97%, W:1.59 to 2.91 percent, C:3.35 to 7.19 percent, cu:2.21 to 3.98 percent, zr:10.78 to 14.23 percent, Y: 0.195-0.546%, the balance Fe and impurities, and the total amount of the impurities is less than or equal to 0.027%.
The matrix is made of high-chromium-nickel heat-resistant steel material, and the chemical components in percentage by weight are as follows: 0.219 to 0.356 percent, si:0.303 to 2.011 percent, mn: 0.522-1.576%, S is less than or equal to 0.016%, P is less than or equal to 0.018%, cr: 24.115-26.093%, ni: 18.124-21.038%, mo: 0.129-0.523%, cu:0.321 to 0.623 percent, V:0.501 to 0.606 percent, ti:0.11 to 0.16 percent, re:0.101 to 0.302 percent, nb:0.109 to 0.221 percent, W:0.301 to 0.693 percent, zr:0.103 to 0.209 percent, al:0.218 to 0.633 percent, N:0.106 to 0.315 percent, the balance being Fe and impurities, and the total amount of the impurities is less than or equal to 0.045 percent.
The composite nano crystal coating material is prepared by spraying a composite material on a substrate by plasma, then performing shot blasting on the sprayed surface by high-speed shot blasting, and finally sintering in a vacuum sintering furnace.
The preparation method of the preheater hanging plate comprises the following steps:
casting forming method for preparing hanging plate base body
(1) Preparing raw materials: weighing scrap steel, ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, ferrochromium, ferronickel, ferromolybdenum, copper, ferrovanadium, ferrotitanium, ferroniobium, ferrotungsten, ferrozirconium, aluminum wire, ferrochromium nitride and rare earth ferrosilicon as smelting raw materials according to the calculated weight percentage; weighing inoculant raw materials used in smelting the hanging plate matrix: aluminum wire, rare earth ferrosilicon, ferrochromium nitride and ferrotitanium;
(2) Modeling: molding by using a sand mold, and using sodium silicate sand or resin sand;
(3) Smelting raw materials:
smelting raw materials, sequentially adding scrap steel, iron alloy, precious metal and partial metamorphic inoculant materials into an intermediate frequency electric furnace, adding the precious metal in the later stage of smelting to avoid excessive burning loss of the precious metal, pre-deoxidizing when the molten iron reaches 1536-1577 ℃, adding 0.56% ferromanganese firstly, adding 0.28% ferrosilicon after 7 minutes, testing the chemical components of molten iron, and adjusting the chemical components of the molten iron to satisfy the following weight percentages: the chemical components in percentage by weight are C:0.219 to 0.356 percent, si:0.303 to 2.011 percent, mn: 0.522-1.576%, S is less than or equal to 0.016%, P is less than or equal to 0.018%, cr: 24.115-26.093%, ni: 18.124-21.038%, mo: 0.129-0.523%, cu:0.321 to 0.623 percent, V:0.501 to 0.606 percent, ti:0.11 to 0.16 percent, re:0.101 to 0.302 percent, nb:0.109 to 0.221 percent, W:0.301 to 0.693 percent, zr:0.103 to 0.209 percent, al:0.218 to 0.633 percent, N:0.106 to 0.315 percent, the balance being Fe and impurities, and the total amount of the impurities is less than or equal to 0.045 percent; when the temperature of molten iron in the furnace reaches 1636-1655 ℃, discharging;
(4) Inoculating and pouring: pouring the molten iron obtained in the previous step into a ladle for modification and inoculation, pouring a casting mold after the molten iron is inoculated, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a blank of the hanging plate matrix;
(5) Post-processing of hanging plate blanks: polishing the obtained blank, and cleaning for later use;
(II) preparation of composite nanocrystalline coating material working surface
(1) Preparing raw materials: weighing aluminum powderSilicon carbide, titanium carbide, silicon dioxide, tungsten carbide, zirconium silicon iron, copper zirconium alloy, zirconium dioxide, yttrium-based rare earth and Fe powder materials; wherein the weight portion ratio of aluminum powder (Al content is more than 99 percent): 3 to 4.5 portions; silicon carbide (SiC content > 95%): 8.3 to 9.5 portions; titanium carbide (TiC content > 95%): 1.4 to 2.6 portions; silicon dioxide (SiO) 2 Content > 95%): 7.3 to 9.1 parts; tungsten carbide (WC content > 96%): 8.3 to 15.2 portions; zirconium ferrosilicon (zirconium content 48-52%, silicon content 35-45%): 6.7 to 7.9 portions; copper-zirconium alloy (zirconium content-50%, copper content > 48%): 4.6 to 8.3 parts; zirconium dioxide (zirconium dioxide content > 90%): 11.1 to 13.3 parts; yttrium-based rare earth (yttrium content > 15%): 1.3 to 3.6 portions; the balance of Fe powder and impurities, and the total amount of the impurities is less than or equal to 0.0238%;
(2) Ball milling:
putting the weighed raw materials in the previous step into a ball mill, performing ball milling for 24-68 hours, and stirring at a rotation speed of 500-750r/min to obtain 20-35 mu m material particles;
(3) And (3) drying:
and (3) putting the prepared material particles into a baking oven for baking, wherein the baking temperature is as follows: 155-189 ℃;
(4) Plasma thermal spraying:
loading the prepared material particle powder into a plasma spraying device, performing plasma spraying on the working surface part of the preheater hanging plate substrate, and forming a coating with the thickness of 68-135 mu m on the working surface part of the substrate after spraying;
(5) Shot blasting:
carrying out high-speed shot blasting on the sprayed working surface, wherein the shot blasting parameters are as follows: shot blasting speed: 66 m/s-118 m/s, steel shot diameter: 0.16 mm-0.98 mm, and shot blasting time is 1-15min;
(6) Sintering:
carrying out vacuum sintering treatment on the whole preheater hanging plate subjected to shot blasting treatment, wherein the sintering temperature is as follows: 1289-1367 ℃;
(7) And (5) finishing and post-treating to obtain the product.
The inoculant used in smelting and inoculant casting by the method comprises the following steps of: (1) aluminum wire: half of the casting ladle is put into the furnace and the other half of the casting ladle is put into the casting ladle; (2) rare earth ferrosilicon: half of the molten iron is put into the ladle bottom, and the other half of the molten iron is put into the ladle when the molten iron is half of the molten iron; (3) chromium iron nitride: 65% of the molten steel is put into a furnace, and 35% of the molten steel is put into the bottom of a casting ladle before tapping; (4) ferrotitanium: before discharging, putting into a furnace; the inoculant accounts for 0.138 percent of the total mass of the molten iron, 0.36 percent of rare earth ferrosilicon, 0.516 percent of chromium nitride and 0.315 percent of ferrotitanium. Before tapping, the modifier is dried in advance and mixed uniformly.
It should be noted that: inoculants are used in the manufacturing process of the hanging plate of the preheater, particularly in the smelting process, and the raw materials mainly aim to react with impurities in molten iron so as to purify the molten iron, deoxidize and remove impurities, and the addition of the elements has positive optimization effect on the molten iron, and because most of the elements are reacted and the addition amount is small, the residual amount of the elements is very small, and the conventional detection means cannot be used for accurately detecting, so that the individual elements of the spectrum components show deviation, and the elements are well known in the art.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) The high-chromium-nickel heat-resistant steel is adopted as the base body of the hanging plate, the composite coating is adopted as the working surface, the design is more reasonable compared with hanging plates made of other materials, the defects of materials such as ceramic hanging plates and the like can be avoided, the hanging plate base body and the working surface are mutually crossed and mutually complemented, the material selection and the structural design ensure the safety, and the high-temperature oxidation resistance and the corrosion resistance are also ensured, and are compared with the table 1.
(2) The composite material of the working surface is composed of a plurality of heat-resistant and oxidation-resistant elements such as aluminum, silicon, nitrogen and the like, and has better oxidation resistance, wear resistance and corrosion resistance effects; is formed by spraying, shot blasting and sintering, so that the paint is not easy to fall off in the using process; the composite nano crystal coating prepared after the working face and the matrix are sintered has high density, can effectively prevent elements such as oxygen and the like in a high-temperature environment from reacting with the matrix material, ensures that the oxidation reaction of the hanging plate is reduced or slowed down in the use process, and reduces the occurrence probability of crack sources; the working surface of the hanging plate has better high-temperature oxidation resistance, corrosion resistance, abrasion resistance and the like, the service life of the hanging plate is prolonged, and compared with the conventional heat-resistant steel hanging plate without spray coating, the service life of the hanging plate is prolonged by 1-2.2 times.
(3) The hanging plate matrix adopts high chromium nickel heat-resistant steel, and the hanging plate matrix has the following properties: the tensile strength is more than or equal to 480MPa, the yield strength is more than or equal to 230MPa, the elongation is more than or equal to 7%, and the maximum use temperature is 1180 ℃. The enough overall heat resistance and high-temperature strength of the hanging plate are ensured, and the conditions that the hanging plate cannot deform in a high-temperature environment are met, so that the use safety is ensured; the working face has good compactness, high-temperature oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance, the oxidation reaction of the hanging plate is reduced or slowed down in the use process, the safety and stability of the hanging plate in the use process are guaranteed by combining the two materials, and the accident frequency is reduced.
(4) The substrate is prepared by adopting a casting molding method, the working surface is prepared by the steps of ball milling, drying, plasma thermal spraying, high-speed shot blasting, sintering and the like, and the product prepared by the process has excellent performance, and the method is simple, scientific, feasible, strong in operability and easy to realize.
(5) The invention prolongs the service life of the hanging plate, reduces the replacement times, reduces the cost and has obvious economic and social benefits; meanwhile, the hanging plate is only provided with a thin layer of composite coating material on the working surface, so that the hanging plate is easy to recycle after being used, raw materials are saved, the hanging plate is beneficial to recycling, and the hanging plate meets the national resource related policy.
Table 1 shows a comparison of several common preheater hanging plate indexes
Detailed Description
Further description will be provided below in connection with specific examples.
Example 1:
a preheater hanging plate comprises a substrate and a working surface, wherein the substrate is made of high-chromium-nickel heat-resistant steel material, the working surface is a composite nano crystal coating material prepared on the substrate, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
casting forming method for preparing hanging plate base body
(1) Preparing raw materials: weighing scrap steel, ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, ferrochromium, ferronickel, ferromolybdenum, copper, ferrovanadium, ferrotitanium, ferroniobium, ferrotungsten, ferrozirconium, aluminum wire, ferrochromium nitride and rare earth ferrosilicon as smelting raw materials according to the calculated weight percentage; weighing inoculant raw materials used in smelting the hanging plate matrix: aluminum wire, rare earth ferrosilicon, ferrochromium nitride and ferrotitanium;
(2) Modeling: molding by using a sand mold, and using sodium silicate sand or resin sand;
(3) Smelting raw materials:
smelting raw materials, sequentially adding scrap steel, iron alloy, precious metal and partial metamorphic inoculant materials into an intermediate frequency electric furnace, adding the precious metal in the later stage of smelting to avoid excessive burning loss of the precious metal, pre-deoxidizing when the molten iron reaches 1536 ℃, adding 0.56% ferromanganese first, adding 0.28% ferrosilicon after 7 minutes, testing the chemical components of molten iron, and adjusting the weight percentage of the chemical components of the molten iron to meet the requirement; when the temperature of molten iron in the furnace reaches 1636 ℃, discharging;
(4) Inoculating and pouring: pouring the molten iron obtained in the previous step into a ladle for modification and inoculation, pouring a casting mold after the molten iron is inoculated, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a blank of the hanging plate matrix; the inoculant comprises the following components in percentage by weight: (a) aluminum wire: half of the casting ladle is put into the furnace and the other half of the casting ladle is put into the casting ladle; (b) rare earth ferrosilicon: half of the molten iron is put into the ladle bottom, and the other half of the molten iron is put into the ladle when the molten iron is half of the molten iron; (c) chromium iron nitride: 65% of the molten steel is put into a furnace, and 35% of the molten steel is put into the bottom of a casting ladle before tapping; (d) ferrotitanium: before discharging, putting into a furnace; the inoculant accounts for 0.138 percent of the total mass of the molten iron, 0.36 percent of rare earth ferrosilicon, 0.516 percent of ferrochromium nitride and 0.315 percent of ferrotitanium respectively; before tapping the molten iron, drying the modifier in advance and uniformly mixing;
(5) Post-processing of hanging plate blanks: polishing the obtained blank, and cleaning for later use;
the prepared hanging plate matrix material comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c:0.356%, si:2.011%, mn:1.576%, S:0.012%, P:0.011%, cr:26.093%, ni:18.124%, mo:0.129%, cu:0.623%, V:0.606%, ti:0.16%, re:0.302%, nb:0.221%, W:0.693%, zr:0.209%, al:0.633%, N:0.315%, the balance being Fe.
Performance parameters of the hanger plate matrix:
tensile strength 486MPa, yield strength 235MPa and elongation 7.1%.
(II) preparation of composite nanocrystalline coating material working surface
(1) Preparing raw materials: weighing aluminum powder, silicon carbide, titanium carbide, silicon dioxide, tungsten carbide, zirconium silicon iron, copper zirconium alloy, zirconium dioxide, yttrium-based rare earth and Fe powder materials; the weight portion ratio of the material is aluminum powder (Al content is more than 99 percent): 4.5 parts; silicon carbide (SiC content > 95%): 9.5 parts; titanium carbide (TiC content > 95%): 2.6 parts; silicon dioxide (SiO) 2 Content > 95%):
9.1 parts; tungsten carbide (WC content > 96%): 8.3 parts; zirconium ferrosilicon (zirconium content 48-52%, silicon content 35-45%):
6.7 parts; copper-zirconium alloy (zirconium content-50%, copper content > 48%): 4.6 parts; zirconium dioxide (zirconium dioxide content > 90%):
11.1 parts; yttrium-based rare earth (yttrium content > 15%): 1.3 parts; the balance of Fe powder and impurities, and the total amount of the impurities is less than or equal to 0.0238 percent.
(2) Ball milling:
putting the weighed raw materials in the previous step into a ball mill, performing ball milling for 68 hours, and stirring at a rotating speed of 750r/min to obtain 35 mu m particles;
(3) And (3) drying:
and (3) putting the prepared material particles into a baking oven for baking, wherein the baking temperature is as follows: 189 deg.c;
(4) Plasma thermal spraying:
loading the prepared material particle powder into a plasma spraying device, performing plasma spraying on the working surface part of the preheater hanging plate substrate, and forming a coating with the thickness of 135 mu m on the working surface part of the substrate after spraying;
(5) Shot blasting:
carrying out high-speed shot blasting on the sprayed working surface, wherein the shot blasting parameters are as follows: shot blasting speed: 118m/s, steel shot diameter: 0.98mm, and shot blasting time is 15min;
(6) Sintering:
carrying out vacuum sintering treatment on the whole preheater hanging plate subjected to shot blasting treatment, wherein the sintering temperature is as follows: 1367 ℃;
(7) And (3) finishing the finished product to obtain a product, finishing the hanging plate, removing various burrs, polishing and flattening to obtain a hanging plate finished product, measuring the size of the hanging plate finished product, detecting by ultrasonic flaw detection, packaging and warehousing.
The working face composite nano crystal coating material comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 4.455%, si:30.1%, ti:1.97%, W:1.59%, C:3.35%, cu:3.98%, zr:14.23%, Y:0.546% and the balance Fe.
Hanging plate working face performance parameters: the high temperature resistance reaches 1296 ℃, the coating density is 99.97%, and the Mohs hardness is 8.6.
Example 2:
a preheater hanging plate comprises a substrate and a working surface, wherein the substrate is made of high-chromium-nickel heat-resistant steel material, the working surface is a composite nano crystal coating material prepared on the substrate, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
casting forming method for preparing hanging plate base body
(1) Preparing raw materials: weighing scrap steel, ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, ferrochromium, ferronickel, ferromolybdenum, copper, ferrovanadium, ferrotitanium, ferroniobium, ferrotungsten, ferrozirconium, aluminum wire, ferrochromium nitride and rare earth ferrosilicon as smelting raw materials according to the calculated weight percentage; weighing inoculant raw materials used in smelting the hanging plate matrix: aluminum wire, rare earth ferrosilicon, ferrochromium nitride and ferrotitanium;
(2) Modeling: molding by using a sand mold, and using sodium silicate sand or resin sand;
(3) Smelting raw materials:
smelting raw materials, sequentially adding scrap steel, ferroalloy, precious metal and partial metamorphic inoculant materials into an intermediate frequency electric furnace, adding the precious metal in the later stage of smelting to avoid excessive burning loss of the precious metal, pre-deoxidizing when the molten iron reaches 1577 ℃, adding 0.56% ferromanganese first, adding 0.28% ferrosilicon after 7 minutes, testing the chemical components of molten iron, and adjusting the weight percentage of the chemical components of the molten iron to meet the requirement; when the temperature of molten iron in the furnace reaches 1655 ℃, discharging the molten iron from the furnace;
(4) Inoculating and pouring: pouring the molten iron obtained in the previous step into a ladle for modification and inoculation, pouring a casting mold after the molten iron is inoculated, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a blank of the hanging plate matrix; the inoculant comprises the following components in percentage by weight: (a) aluminum wire: half of the casting ladle is put into the furnace and the other half of the casting ladle is put into the casting ladle; (b) rare earth ferrosilicon: half of the molten iron is put into the ladle bottom, and the other half of the molten iron is put into the ladle when the molten iron is half of the molten iron; (c) chromium iron nitride: 65% of the molten steel is put into a furnace, and 35% of the molten steel is put into the bottom of a casting ladle before tapping; (d) ferrotitanium: before discharging, putting into a furnace; the inoculant accounts for 0.138 percent of the total mass of the molten iron, 0.36 percent of rare earth ferrosilicon, 0.516 percent of ferrochromium nitride and 0.315 percent of ferrotitanium respectively; before tapping the molten iron, drying the modifier in advance and uniformly mixing;
(5) Post-processing of hanging plate blanks: polishing the obtained blank, and cleaning for later use;
the prepared hanging plate matrix material comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c:0.219%, si:0.303%, mn:0.522%, S;0.012%, P:0.011%, cr:24.115%, ni:21.038%, mo:0.523%, cu:0.321%, V:0.606%, ti:0.11%, re:0.101%, nb:0.109%, W:0.301%, zr:0.103%, al:0.218%, N:0.315%, the balance being Fe.
Performance of the hanging plate matrix: tensile strength 483MPa, yield strength 236MPa and elongation 7.2%.
(II) preparation of composite nanocrystalline coating material working surface
(1) Preparing raw materials: weighing aluminum powder, silicon carbide, titanium carbide, silicon dioxide, tungsten carbide, zirconium silicon iron, copper zirconium alloy, zirconium dioxide, yttrium-based rare earth and Fe powder materials;
(2) Ball milling:
putting the weighed raw materials in the previous step into a ball mill, performing ball milling for 24 hours, and stirring at a rotation speed of 500r/min to obtain 20 mu m particles;
(3) And (3) drying:
and (3) putting the prepared material particles into a baking oven for baking, wherein the baking temperature is as follows: 155 ℃;
(4) Plasma thermal spraying:
loading the prepared material particle powder into a plasma spraying device, performing plasma spraying on the working surface part of the preheater hanging plate substrate, and forming a coating with the thickness of 89 mu m on the working surface part of the substrate after spraying;
(5) Shot blasting:
carrying out high-speed shot blasting on the sprayed working surface, wherein the shot blasting parameters are as follows: shot blasting speed: 66m/s, steel shot diameter: 0.16mm, and shot blasting time is 15min;
(6) Sintering:
carrying out vacuum sintering treatment on the whole preheater hanging plate subjected to shot blasting treatment, wherein the sintering temperature is as follows: 1289 ℃;
(7) And (3) finishing the finished product to obtain a product, finishing the hanging plate, removing various burrs, polishing and flattening to obtain a hanging plate finished product, measuring the size of the hanging plate finished product, detecting by ultrasonic flaw detection, packaging and warehousing.
The working face composite nano crystal coating material comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 2.97%, si:8.33%, ti:1.06%, W:2.91%, C:7.19%, cu:2.21%, zr:10.78%, Y:0.546% and the balance Fe.
Hanging plate working face performance parameters: the high temperature resistance reaches 1258 ℃, the coating density is 99.96%, and the Mohs hardness is 8.8.
Example 3:
the other steps were the same as in example 2, except that:
(1) The weight percentage of the chemical components of the base material of the hanging plate is C:0.316%, si:1.2%, mn:1.15%, S:0.011%, P0.016%, cr:25%, ni:20%, mo:0.35%, cu:0.46%, V:0.55%, ti:0.13%, re:0.15%, nb:0.15%, W:0.45%, zr:0.15%, al:0.4%, N:0.15%, the balance being Fe.
(2) The working face composite nano crystal coating material comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 3.125%, si:18.997%, ti:
1.385%, W:2.159%, C:7.004%, cu:2.965%, zr:13.247%, Y:0.339%, the balance being Fe.
(3) Ball milling process parameters: ball milling time is 46 hours, stirring rotating speed is 750r/min, and 35 mu m particles are prepared.
(4) Shot blasting parameters: the shot blasting parameters are as follows: shot blasting speed: 118m/s, steel shot diameter: 0.16mm, and shot blasting time is 9min.
(5) Hanging plate performance index: hanging plate substrate performance: tensile strength 486MPa, yield strength 238MPa and elongation 7.4%.
Hanging plate working face performance parameters: the thickness of the coating is 96 mu m, the high temperature resistance reaches 1283 ℃, the compactness of the coating is 99.97%, and the Mohs hardness is 8.9.
Example 4:
the other steps were the same as in example 2, except that:
(1) The weight percentage of the chemical components of the base material of the hanging plate is C:0.301%, si:1.786%, mn:1.342%, S0.0112%, P:0.0118%, cr:25.06%, ni:20.87%, mo:0.355%, cu:0.544%, V:0.606%, ti:0.11%, re:0.302%, nb:0.221%, W:0.693%, zr:0.103%, al:0.218%, N:0.106%, the balance being Fe.
(2) The working face composite nano crystal coating material comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 4.455%, si:30.1%, ti:1.118%, W:2.558%, C:7.19%, cu:3.98%, zr:14.23%, Y:0.348% and the balance of Fe.
(3) Ball milling process parameters: ball milling time is 68 hours, stirring rotating speed is 750r/min, and 20 mu m particles are prepared.
(4) Shot blasting parameters: the shot blasting parameters are as follows: shot blasting speed: 118m/s, steel shot diameter: 0.16mm, and shot blasting time is 15min.
(5) Hanging plate performance index:
hanging plate substrate performance: tensile strength 487MPa, yield strength 233MPa and elongation 7.5%.
Hanging plate working face performance parameters: the thickness of the coating is 125 mu m, the high temperature resistance reaches 1292 ℃, the compactness of the coating is 99.98%, and the Mohs hardness is 8.7.
Example 5:
the other steps were the same as in example 2, except that:
(1) The weight percentage of the chemical components of the base material of the hanging plate is C:0.298%, si:1.045%, mn:1.033%, S:0.0116%, P:0.018%, cr:25.33%, ni:20.78%, mo:0.456%, cu:0.477%, V:0.554%, ti:0.14%, re:0.231%, nb:0.206%, W:0.532%, zr:0.123%, al:0.412%, N:0.206% and the balance of Fe.
(2) The working face composite nano crystal coating material comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 2.97%, si:30.1%, ti:1.97%, W:2.91%, C:6.456%, cu:3.98%, zr:10.78%, Y:0.195% and the balance of Fe.
(3) Ball milling process parameters: ball milling is carried out for 24 hours, the stirring rotating speed is 750r/min, and 35 mu m particles are prepared.
(4) Shot blasting parameters: the shot blasting parameters are as follows: shot blasting speed: 118m/s, steel shot diameter: 0.16mm, shot blasting time 13min.
(5) Hanging plate performance index:
hanging plate substrate performance: tensile strength 483MPa, yield strength 237MPa and elongation 7.5%.
Hanging plate working face performance parameters: the thickness of the coating is 79 mu m, the high temperature resistance reaches 1295 ℃, the compactness of the coating is 99.99%, and the Mohs hardness is 8.7.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention, but any modifications, equivalents, and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The preheater hanging plate is characterized by comprising a substrate and a working surface, wherein the substrate is made of high-chromium-nickel heat-resistant steel material, the working surface is a composite nano crystal coating material prepared on the substrate, and the chemical components of the working surface are as follows in percentage by weight: 2.97 to 4.455 percent, si:8.33 to 30.1 percent of Ti: 1.06-1.97%, W:1.59 to 2.91 percent, C:3.35 to 7.19 percent, cu:2.21 to 3.98 percent, zr:10.78 to 14.23 percent, Y: 0.195-0.546%, the balance Fe and impurities, and the total amount of the impurities is less than or equal to 0.027%.
2. The preheater hanging plate according to claim 1, wherein the matrix is made of high chromium nickel heat-resistant steel material, and the chemical components in percentage by weight are as follows: 0.219 to 0.356 percent, si:0.303 to 2.011 percent, mn: 0.522-1.576%, S is less than or equal to 0.016%, P is less than or equal to 0.018%, cr: 24.115-26.093%, ni: 18.124-21.038%, mo: 0.129-0.523%, cu:0.321 to 0.623 percent, V:0.501 to 0.606 percent, ti:0.11 to 0.16 percent, re:0.101 to 0.302 percent, nb:0.109 to 0.221 percent, W:0.301 to 0.693 percent, zr:0.103 to 0.209 percent, al:0.218 to 0.633 percent, N:0.106 to 0.315 percent, the balance being Fe and impurities, and the total amount of the impurities is less than or equal to 0.045 percent.
3. The preheater hanging plate according to claim 1, wherein the composite nanocrystalline coating material is prepared by plasma spraying a composite material on a substrate, then performing shot blasting on the sprayed surface by using high-speed shot blasting, and finally sintering in a vacuum sintering furnace.
4. A method of manufacturing a preheater hanging panel as set forth in any one of claims 1-3, comprising the steps of:
firstly, preparing a hanging plate matrix by a casting molding method;
(II) preparation of composite nanocrystalline coating material working surface
(1) Preparing raw materials: weighing aluminum powder, silicon carbide, titanium carbide, silicon dioxide, tungsten carbide, zirconium silicon iron, copper zirconium alloy, zirconium dioxide, yttrium-based rare earth and Fe powder materials;
(2) Ball milling:
putting the raw materials weighed in the previous step into a ball mill, and performing ball milling to obtain 20-35 mu m material particles;
(3) And (3) drying:
putting the prepared material particles into a baking oven for baking;
(4) Plasma thermal spraying:
loading the prepared material particle powder into a plasma spraying device, performing plasma spraying on the working surface part of the preheater hanging plate substrate, and forming a coating with the thickness of 68-135 mu m on the working surface part of the substrate after spraying;
(5) Shot blasting:
carrying out high-speed shot blasting treatment on the sprayed working surface;
(6) Sintering:
carrying out vacuum sintering treatment on the whole preheater hanging plate subjected to shot blasting treatment, wherein the sintering temperature is as follows: 1289-1367 ℃;
(7) And (5) finishing and post-treating to obtain the product.
5. The method for preparing a preheater hanging plate according to claim 4, wherein the raw materials for preparing the composite nano crystal coating material comprise the following components in parts by weight: 3 to 4.5 portions; silicon carbide: 8.3 to 9.5 portions; titanium carbide: 1.4 to 2.6 portions; silica: 7.3 to 9.1 parts; tungsten carbide: 8.3 to 15.2 portions; zirconium ferrosilicon: 6.7 to 7.9 portions; copper zirconium alloy: 4.6 to 8.3 parts; zirconium dioxide: 11.1 to 13.3 parts; yttrium-based rare earth: 1.3 to 3.6 portions; the balance of Fe powder and impurities, and the total amount of the impurities is less than or equal to 0.0238 percent.
6. The method for preparing a preheater hanging plate according to claim 4, wherein the ball milling time is 24-68 hours, and the stirring rotation speed is 500-750r/min during ball milling.
7. The method of claim 4, wherein the drying temperature is 155-189 ℃.
8. The method for manufacturing a pre-heater hanging plate according to claim 4, wherein the shot blasting parameters are as follows: shot blasting speed: 66 m/s-118 m/s, steel shot diameter: 0.16 mm-0.98 mm, and shot blasting time is 1-15min.
9. The method for preparing a hanging plate for a preheater as set forth in claim 4, wherein said casting method comprises the steps of:
(1) Preparing raw materials: weighing scrap steel, ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, ferrochromium, ferronickel, ferromolybdenum, copper, ferrovanadium, ferrotitanium, ferroniobium, ferrotungsten, ferrozirconium, aluminum wire, ferrochromium nitride and rare earth ferrosilicon as smelting raw materials according to the calculated weight percentage; weighing inoculant raw materials used in smelting the hanging plate matrix: aluminum wire, rare earth ferrosilicon, ferrochromium nitride and ferrotitanium;
(2) Modeling: molding by using a sand mold, and using sodium silicate sand or resin sand;
(3) Smelting raw materials:
smelting raw materials, sequentially adding scrap steel, iron alloy, precious metal and partial metamorphic inoculant materials into an intermediate frequency electric furnace, adding the precious metal in the later stage of smelting to avoid excessive burning loss of the precious metal, pre-deoxidizing when the molten iron reaches 1536-1577 ℃, adding 0.56% ferromanganese first, adding 0.28% ferrosilicon after 7 minutes, testing the chemical components of molten iron, and adjusting the chemical components of the molten iron to meet the range requirement; when the temperature of molten iron in the furnace reaches 1636-1655 ℃, discharging;
(4) Inoculating and pouring: pouring the molten iron obtained in the previous step into a ladle for modification and inoculation, pouring a casting mold after the molten iron is inoculated, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a blank of the hanging plate matrix;
(5) Post-processing of hanging plate blanks: and polishing the obtained blank, and cleaning for later use.
10. The method for preparing the hanging plate of the preheater as set forth in claim 9, wherein the weight percentages and the using method of the inoculant in smelting and inoculating pouring are as follows: (1) aluminum wire: half of the casting ladle is put into the furnace and the other half of the casting ladle is put into the casting ladle; (2) rare earth ferrosilicon: half of the molten iron is put into the ladle bottom, and the other half of the molten iron is put into the ladle when the molten iron is half of the molten iron; (3) chromium iron nitride: 65% of the molten steel is put into a furnace, and 35% of the molten steel is put into the bottom of a casting ladle before tapping; (4) ferrotitanium: before discharging, putting into a furnace; the inoculant accounts for 0.138 percent of the total mass of the molten iron, 0.36 percent of rare earth ferrosilicon, 0.516 percent of chromium nitride and 0.315 percent of ferrotitanium.
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