CN116536468B - Production process for directly reducing iron ore - Google Patents
Production process for directly reducing iron ore Download PDFInfo
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- CN116536468B CN116536468B CN202310575082.1A CN202310575082A CN116536468B CN 116536468 B CN116536468 B CN 116536468B CN 202310575082 A CN202310575082 A CN 202310575082A CN 116536468 B CN116536468 B CN 116536468B
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- Prior art keywords
- gas
- raw material
- direct reduction
- material gas
- enters
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 132
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000003009 desulfurizing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001741 organic sulfur group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 14
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001341 Crude steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000112 cooling gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/0073—Selection or treatment of the reducing gases
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/02—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes in shaft furnaces
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/10—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions
- Y02P10/143—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions of methane [CH4]
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
The application discloses a production process for directly reducing iron ore, which comprises the steps of treating raw material gas, introducing the raw material gas into a gas holder for buffering, then introducing the raw material gas into a desulfurizing tower for removing impurities, and then introducing the raw material gas into a heating furnace after heat exchange by a heat exchange device; direct reduction, wherein the reducing gas is continuously heated in the heating furnace and is divided into an upper strand and a lower strand to enter the direct reduction furnace respectively; feeding ore from the top of a direct reduction furnace, and reacting with raw material gas to obtain reduced iron; the top gas is recovered and trapped, the raw gas is discharged from the top of the direct reduction furnace after reacting with the ore, then enters a heat exchange device to recover waste heat, then enters a pressure swing adsorption CO 2 device through a compressor, and is sent to a gas holder for recycling after decarburization. According to the application, through an innovative process route, hydrogen-rich gas is used for replacing coal and coke of the traditional iron-making process, and carbon emission reduction is carried out from a source; effectively reduces the problems of environmental pollution and carbon emission generated in the traditional ironmaking process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of reduction metallurgy, and particularly relates to a production process for directly reducing iron ore.
Background
The steel industry is an important prop industry of national economy in China, and as the largest steel production country in the world, the crude steel yield in China accounts for more than half of the global crude steel yield. The steel industry is a large household with carbon emission, the carbon emission amount of the large household is about 15 percent of the total national carbon emission amount, and the large household with carbon emission amount is the industry with the largest carbon emission amount in the manufacturing industry, so that the implementation of carbon emission reduction in the steel industry has important significance. Compared with the traditional iron making, the reducing hydrogen is used for replacing the traditional carbon reducing agent coal and coke, so that the dependence on fossil energy is eliminated, and the problem of carbon emission can be solved from the source.
In the chinese patent CN111926135A, "a direct reduction system and a reduction method for a hydrogen-based shaft furnace", a hydrogen-based shaft furnace reduction method is disclosed, in which a hydrogen-rich cooling gas having the same composition as that of a hydrogen-rich reducing gas is used to cool metal pellets, and after heat exchange, a high-temperature hydrogen-rich cooling gas and a high-temperature hydrogen-rich reducing gas are mixed in a furnace and used for reduction of oxidized pellets, and although a certain energy-saving effect is provided, the process is complex and difficult to implement.
The process designed in the current patent is not perfect, so that there is a need to design a production process of directly reducing iron ore by adopting a novel process route.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a production process for directly reducing iron ore, so as to solve the problems, reduce environmental pollution and solve the problem of carbon emission.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:
A process for producing direct reduced iron ore, comprising:
raw material gas is processed, the raw material gas is introduced into a gas holder for buffering, then enters a desulfurizing tower for removing impurities, and enters a heating furnace after heat exchange by a heat exchange device;
direct reduction, wherein the reducing gas is continuously heated in the heating furnace and is divided into an upper strand and a lower strand to enter the direct reduction furnace respectively; feeding ore from the top of a direct reduction furnace, and reacting with raw material gas to obtain reduced iron;
The top gas is recovered and trapped, the raw gas is discharged from the top of the direct reduction furnace after reacting with the ore, then enters a heat exchange device to recover waste heat, then enters a pressure swing adsorption CO 2 device through a compressor, and is sent to a gas holder for recycling after decarburization.
The raw material gas is coke oven gas or natural gas or other hydrogen-rich gas.
The heat exchange device comprises a heat exchanger and a waste heat boiler.
In the step of raw gas treatment, the raw gas removes dust, HCN, organic sulfur and H 2 S in the raw gas in the desulfurizing tower; and the raw material gas passes through the downstream of the waste heat boiler.
In the direct reduction step, the raw material gas is heated to 950-1050 ℃ in a heating furnace, and the pressure is 0.7-0.9MPa; the raw material gas is divided into two flows and enters the direct reduction furnace, the upper gas amount accounts for 75-90% of the total amount, and the lower gas amount accounts for 10-25% of the total amount.
The upper part of the raw material gas and oxygen are introduced into the direct reduction furnace together, and the lower part of the raw material gas is introduced into a bottom outlet of the direct reduction furnace.
In the top gas recovery and trapping step, the temperature of the raw gas discharged from the top of the direct reduction furnace is 440-460 ℃; the raw material gas enters the top of the waste heat boiler and then enters the compressor through the heat exchanger; the pressure swing adsorption CO 2 device reduces the content of CO 2 in the raw material gas to below 0.5%.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the following advantages and technical effects: according to the application, through an innovative process route, hydrogen-rich gas is used for replacing coal and coke of the traditional iron-making process, and carbon emission reduction is carried out from a source; the byproduct CO 2 is captured to prepare a finished grade CO 2 product for downstream industry, so that the terminal treatment is finished. Effectively reduces the environmental pollution and carbon emission problems generated in the traditional iron-making process, and promotes the traditional process to change from carbon reduction to hydrogen reduction.
Drawings
For a clearer description of an embodiment of the invention or of the solutions of the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiment will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention;
Wherein, 1, a gas holder; 2. a desulfurizing tower; 3. a waste heat boiler; 4. a heating furnace; 5. a direct reduction furnace; 6. a heat exchanger; 7. a compressor; 8. pressure swing adsorption CO 2 device.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.
A process for producing direct reduced iron ore, comprising:
Raw material gas is processed, the raw material gas is introduced into a gas holder 1 for buffering, then enters a desulfurizing tower 2 for removing impurities, and enters a heating furnace 4 after heat exchange by a heat exchange device;
direct reduction, wherein the reducing gas is continuously heated in the heating furnace and is divided into an upper strand and a lower strand to enter the direct reduction furnace respectively; feeding ore from the top of a direct reduction furnace, and reacting with raw material gas to obtain reduced iron;
The top gas is recovered and trapped, the raw gas is discharged from the top of the direct reduction furnace after reacting with the ore, then enters a heat exchange device to recover waste heat, then enters a pressure swing adsorption CO 2 device 8 through a compressor 7, and is sent to a gas holder 1 for recycling after decarburization.
The raw material gas is coke oven gas or natural gas or other hydrogen-rich gas.
The heat exchange device comprises a heat exchanger 6 and a waste heat boiler 3;
In the step of raw material gas treatment, the raw material gas removes dust, HCN, organic sulfur and H 2 S in the raw material gas in a desulfurizing tower 2; and the feed gas passes downstream of the waste heat boiler 3.
In the direct reduction step, the raw material gas is heated to 950-1050 ℃ in a heating furnace, and the pressure is 0.7-0.9MPa; the raw material gas is divided into two flows and enters a direct reduction furnace, the upper gas amount accounts for 75-90% of the total amount, and the lower gas amount accounts for 10-25% of the total amount.
The upper feed gas and oxygen are introduced into the direct reduction furnace together, and the lower feed gas is introduced into the bottom outlet of the direct reduction furnace.
In the top gas recovery and trapping step, the temperature of the raw gas discharged from the top of the direct reduction furnace is 440-460 ℃; the raw material gas enters the top of the waste heat boiler 3 and then enters a compressor 7 through a heat exchanger 6; the CO 2 device reduces the content of CO 2 in the raw material gas to below 0.5%.
Embodiment one: .
As shown in figure 1, the whole process consists of three systems, namely a raw material gas treatment system, a direct reduction furnace system and a top gas recovery and trapping system. The raw material gas treatment system comprises a gas holder 1, a desulfurizing tower 2, a heat exchange device (a waste heat boiler 3 and a heat exchanger 6) and a heating furnace 4 in sequence; the direct reduction furnace system is composed of a direct reduction furnace 5; the top gas recovery and trapping system is composed of a heat exchange device (a waste heat boiler 3 and a heat exchanger 6), a compressor 7 and a pressure swing adsorption CO 2 device 8 in sequence.
The flow of the feed gas treatment system is as follows: the coke oven gas or natural gas or other hydrogen-rich gas from a pipe network is buffered by a gas holder 1, dust, HCN, organic sulfur, H 2 S and other impurities in the gas are removed by a desulfurizing tower 2, the gas is subjected to heat exchange with high-temperature top gas by a heat exchange device and then enters a heating furnace 4, raw gas is heated to 950-1050 ℃ in the heating furnace 4, meanwhile, the raw gas is subjected to pressure of 0.7-0.9MPa and then enters a direct reduction furnace 5 in two ways, the upper gas amount accounts for 75-90% of the total amount, and the lower gas amount accounts for 25-10% of the total amount.
Further, the process uses coke oven gas or natural gas or other hydrogen-rich gas as the raw gas, and impurities in the gas are unfavorable for the operation of subsequent procedures and are highly likely to cause production accidents, so that the raw gas must be treated.
The flow of the direct reduction furnace system is as follows: the pellets enter the direct reduction furnace 5 from the top, the upper part is a pressurized feed bin, and the pellets react with high-temperature raw material gas at the conical part of the furnace body to produce the reduced iron.
Further, the upper part of the direct reduction furnace 5 is provided with a pressurized bin, and ores react with high-temperature raw material gas at the cone part of the furnace body to produce reduced iron.
The flow of the top gas recovery and trapping system is as follows: after reacting with pellets in the direct reduction furnace 5, the raw material gas is discharged from the top of the furnace, and the temperature of the discharged top gas is about 450 ℃, so that the heat exchange device for the top gas is arranged to recover waste heat for realizing energy saving and consumption reduction. The top gas after waste heat recovery enters a CO 2 device 8 through a compressor 7, after decarbonizing and purifying the top gas with CO2 content of 5-7%, the CO2 content is reduced to below 0.5%, and the top gas is sent to a raw gas treatment system for recycling.
In one embodiment of the invention, the heat exchange means are constituted by 1 waste heat boiler 3 and 1 heat exchanger 6, respectively. The top gas discharged from the top gas outlet of the direct reduction furnace 5 first enters the waste heat boiler 3. The top gas heat exchanger and the drum, the ascending/descending circulating water pipe, the drum water supply pipe and the like form the waste heat boiler 3. The function of the waste heat boiler 3 is to utilize the sensible heat of the top gas to generate low-pressure saturated steam, and the steam is mainly used for a pressure swing adsorption CO 2 system and a recycling system of a compressor. The feed gas preheating is located downstream of the waste heat boiler and its function is to heat the feed gas by utilizing the remaining sensible heat of the top gas leaving the waste heat boiler 3, after which it is sent to the direct reduction furnace 5 after raising its temperature.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal," "transverse," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate or are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
The above embodiments are only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention without departing from the design spirit of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A process for producing a direct reduced iron ore, comprising:
raw material gas is processed, the raw material gas is introduced into a gas holder for buffering, then enters a desulfurizing tower for removing impurities, and enters a heating furnace after heat exchange by a heat exchange device;
direct reduction, wherein the reducing gas is continuously heated in the heating furnace and is divided into an upper strand and a lower strand to enter the direct reduction furnace respectively; feeding ore from the top of a direct reduction furnace, and reacting with raw material gas to obtain reduced iron;
The top gas is recovered and trapped, the raw gas is discharged from the top of the direct reduction furnace after reacting with the ore, then enters a heat exchange device to recover waste heat, enters a pressure swing adsorption CO 2 device through a compressor, is decarbonized and is sent to a gas holder for recycling; the raw material gas is coke oven gas or natural gas or other hydrogen-rich gas; the heat exchange device comprises a heat exchanger and a waste heat boiler; in the step of raw gas treatment, the raw gas removes dust, HCN, organic sulfur and H 2 S in the raw gas in the desulfurizing tower; and the raw material gas passes through the downstream of the waste heat boiler; in the direct reduction step, the raw material gas is heated to 950-1050 ℃ in a heating furnace, and the pressure is 0.7-0.9MPa; the raw material gas is divided into two flows and enters the direct reduction furnace, the upper gas amount accounts for 75-90% of the total amount, and the lower gas amount accounts for 10-25% of the total amount; the upper part of the raw material gas and oxygen are introduced into the direct reduction furnace together, and the lower part of the raw material gas is introduced into a bottom outlet of the direct reduction furnace; in the top gas recovery and trapping step, the temperature of the raw gas discharged from the top of the direct reduction furnace is 440-460 ℃; the raw material gas enters the top of the waste heat boiler and then enters the compressor through the heat exchanger; the pressure swing adsorption CO 2 device reduces the content of CO 2 in the raw material gas to below 0.5%; the heat exchange device consists of a waste heat boiler (3) and a heat exchanger (6) respectively; the top gas discharged from the top gas outlet of the direct reduction furnace (5) firstly enters the waste heat boiler (3); the top gas heat exchanger, the steam drum, the ascending/descending circulating water pipe, the steam drum water supply pipe and the like form a waste heat boiler (3); the function of the waste heat boiler (3) is to utilize the sensible heat of the top gas to generate low-pressure saturated steam, and the steam is mainly used for a pressure swing adsorption CO 2 system and a recycling system of a compressor.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310575082.1A CN116536468B (en) | 2023-05-22 | 2023-05-22 | Production process for directly reducing iron ore |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310575082.1A CN116536468B (en) | 2023-05-22 | 2023-05-22 | Production process for directly reducing iron ore |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN116536468A CN116536468A (en) | 2023-08-04 |
| CN116536468B true CN116536468B (en) | 2024-04-23 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202310575082.1A Active CN116536468B (en) | 2023-05-22 | 2023-05-22 | Production process for directly reducing iron ore |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111270037A (en) * | 2020-04-05 | 2020-06-12 | 上海泰普星坦新材料有限公司 | System and process method for producing sponge iron by directly reducing hydrogen-rich synthesis gas |
| CN212102908U (en) * | 2020-04-05 | 2020-12-08 | 上海泰普星坦新材料有限公司 | System for producing sponge iron by directly reducing hydrogen-rich synthesis gas |
| CN114574649A (en) * | 2022-01-28 | 2022-06-03 | 中晋冶金科技有限公司 | Method for producing hydrogen-based reduced iron by using coke oven gas |
| WO2022262812A1 (en) * | 2021-06-18 | 2022-12-22 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Straight grate-based pre-reduced pellet preparation device and method |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20230052345A1 (en) * | 2021-08-13 | 2023-02-16 | Midrex Technologies, Inc. | Method for recycling spent reduction gas in a direct reduction of iron ore system utilizing an electric gas heater |
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- 2023-05-22 CN CN202310575082.1A patent/CN116536468B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111270037A (en) * | 2020-04-05 | 2020-06-12 | 上海泰普星坦新材料有限公司 | System and process method for producing sponge iron by directly reducing hydrogen-rich synthesis gas |
| CN212102908U (en) * | 2020-04-05 | 2020-12-08 | 上海泰普星坦新材料有限公司 | System for producing sponge iron by directly reducing hydrogen-rich synthesis gas |
| WO2022262812A1 (en) * | 2021-06-18 | 2022-12-22 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Straight grate-based pre-reduced pellet preparation device and method |
| CN114574649A (en) * | 2022-01-28 | 2022-06-03 | 中晋冶金科技有限公司 | Method for producing hydrogen-based reduced iron by using coke oven gas |
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