CN116533059B - Oil supply system of numerical control machine tool - Google Patents
Oil supply system of numerical control machine tool Download PDFInfo
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- CN116533059B CN116533059B CN202310488036.8A CN202310488036A CN116533059B CN 116533059 B CN116533059 B CN 116533059B CN 202310488036 A CN202310488036 A CN 202310488036A CN 116533059 B CN116533059 B CN 116533059B
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- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 287
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000010365 information processing Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000013500 data storage Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 17
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006061 abrasive grain Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
- B23Q11/12—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating parts of the machine
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
- B23Q11/12—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating parts of the machine
- B23Q11/121—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating parts of the machine with lubricating effect for reducing friction
- B23Q11/122—Lubricant supply devices
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Machine Tool Sensing Apparatuses (AREA)
Abstract
The application discloses an oil supply system of a numerical control machine tool, and belongs to the field of machining lubrication of the numerical control machine tool. The system comprises a machine tool body, a state feedback module, an operation module and an oil supply module; the operation module is used for calculating an oil supply quantity target value according to the state information and sending an oil supply signal to the oil supply module; the oil supply module comprises a plurality of flow sensors; the flow sensor is used for acquiring oil supply quantity data and transmitting the oil supply quantity data to the operation module. According to the application, the state feedback module is used for collecting temperature information, working parameter information and dirty oil state information, so that the system calculates an oil supply quantity target value according to multiple factors, and the oil supply quantity can meet the lubrication requirement of the numerical control machine tool more accurately; on the other hand, the flow sensor is arranged at the oil outlet to calculate the actual value of the oil supply quantity by calculating the flow flowing through each lubrication point, and the error between the actual value of the oil supply quantity and the target value of the oil supply quantity is regulated by PID operation, so that the accuracy of the oil supply quantity of the system is further improved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of numerical control machine tool machining lubrication, in particular to an oil supply system of a numerical control machine tool.
Background
The oil lubrication of the numerical control machine tool generally adopts a centralized lubrication system. That is, the lubricant oil of a certain pressure is distributed to each lubrication point by a distributor on each main and sub oil paths from one lubricant oil supply source according to the required oil amount. The lubrication points of the numerical control machine tool are more and more complex, the problems of pipeline blockage to a certain extent, insufficient pressure provided by an oil pump component and the like are difficult to avoid in the use process of an oil supply system, and under the condition of lower influence degree, the labor cost consumed by a manager if the manager immediately stops and overhauls each time is higher, and the problem of inaccurate oil supply amount cannot be solved if the manager does not process the oil supply system.
On the other hand, the numerical control machine tool has different working modes, and parameters such as the movement speed of each part, the rotation speed of a main shaft and the like are different in different working modes, so that the oil supply amount required by machine tool lubrication is different; in the processing process, metal particles, cooling liquid and other substances generated by a machine tool influence oil products; in addition, if the cooling system of the machine tool is insufficient or the cooling liquid is not circulated smoothly, the temperature inside the machine tool is too high, and the aging of oil products is accelerated. Therefore, the calculation of the oil supply amount required by the oil supply system and provided for the machine tool needs to refer to various factors, and if the oil supply amount is calculated inaccurately, excessive oil supply is wasted, or too little oil supply affects the machining precision and the service life of the machine tool.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the application adopts the following technical scheme:
an oil supply system of a numerical control machine tool comprises a machine tool body, a state feedback module, an operation module and an oil supply module;
the state feedback module is respectively and electrically connected with the machine tool body and the operation module and is used for collecting state information of the machine tool body and transmitting the state information to the operation module; the state feedback module comprises a temperature monitoring unit, a working parameter monitoring unit and an oil quality monitoring unit; the state information comprises temperature information, working parameter information and dirty oil state information;
the oil supply module is used for supplying oil to the machine tool body according to the oil supply signal; the oil supply module comprises a plurality of flow sensors; the flow sensor is used for acquiring oil supply quantity data and transmitting the oil supply quantity data to the operation module; the operation module comprises a state information processing unit and a PID operation unit;
the state information processing unit calculates a target oil supply amount value according to the state information; the PID operation unit is used for obtaining an actual oil supply value according to the oil supply data, obtaining an oil supply error according to the actual oil supply value and an target oil supply value, and outputting an oil supply signal to the oil supply module according to the oil supply error;
the oil supply module further comprises an electromagnetic proportional valve; the state information processing unit is used for controlling the electromagnetic proportional valve according to the temperature state information and the working state information;
the oil supply amount target value is expressed as:
V＝αV 1 +βV 2 +γV 3 ,
wherein, alpha+beta+gamma=1,alpha is temperature weight, beta is working parameter weight, gamma is oil weight, V 1 For the target value of the oil supply amount of the temperature, V 2 For the target value of the oil supply quantity of the working parameter, V 3 The oil supply quantity target value is the oil quality;
the temperature oil supply amount target value is expressed as:
V 1 ＝V 0 ×(T avg +C)/(T 0 +C)
wherein V is 0 For the preset standard oil supply quantity T avg For the average value of the temperatures obtained by the temperature sensors, T 0 C is a preset temperature correction constant for the standard working temperature;
the operating parameter oil supply target value is expressed as:
F＝K f ×a e ×a p ×n/p，
V 2 ＝F×S avg ，
wherein F is cutting force, S avg For average feed speed, K f The cutting force coefficient is R, the feeding amount is N, the stroke times per minute, t is the stroke time, p is the spindle rotating speed, N is the cutter edge number, a e For the feed depth of each edge tool, a p The processing channel width is the processing channel width;
the oil quality oil supply amount target value is expressed as:
wherein k represents the number of parameters of the dirty oil state information, O i Represents the ith parameter, P, in the dirty oil status information i Indicating the i-th preset state value.
As a preferred embodiment, the operation module further includes a data storage unit, configured to store a weight parameter and the preset state value; the weight parameters include the temperature weight, the working parameter weight and the oil quality weight, which are respectively expressed as:
wherein μ is greater than 1.
As a preferred embodiment, the temperature oil supply target value, the working parameter oil supply target value and the oil supply target value are calculated by the state information processing unit according to the state information and a preset state value.
As a preferred embodiment, the oil supply module comprises an oil pump, an oil storage tank, an oil supply pipeline for connecting the oil pump and a machine tool body and a progressive slice type shunt; the progressive sheet type flow divider is used for distributing lubricating oil to a plurality of oil outlets and also is used for adjusting and controlling the flow of the plurality of oil outlets; the flow sensor is arranged at the position of each oil outlet.
As a preferred embodiment, the oil quality monitoring unit includes a particle counter, an abrasive grain sensor, a water content sensor, and a viscosity sensor for acquiring the dirty oil state information.
As a preferred embodiment, the oil supply signal is specifically a current signal analog value, expressed as:
wherein e (t) =v-V ', e (t) represents an oil supply amount error, V is the oil supply amount target value, V' is the oil supply amount actual value, K p Is a proportionality coefficient, K i Is an integral coefficient, K d And t is the current moment and is the differential coefficient.
As a preferred embodiment, the state feedback module further includes an oil storage margin monitoring unit electrically connected with the oil supply module for monitoring the remaining oil amount in the oil supply module.
As a preferred embodiment, the system further comprises an early warning processing unit; the early warning processing unit is respectively and electrically connected with the temperature monitoring unit, the oil storage allowance monitoring unit and the machine tool body and is used for sending out a warning or stopping an operation instruction.
As a preferred embodiment, the temperature monitoring unit comprises several temperature sensors; and the temperature sensor is arranged at the positions of the spindle, the motor and the frequency converter of the machine tool body and used for acquiring the temperature information.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the following beneficial effects:
according to the application, the state feedback module is used for collecting temperature information, working parameter information and dirty oil state information, so that the system calculates an oil supply quantity target value according to multiple factors, and the oil supply quantity can meet the lubrication requirement of the numerical control machine tool more accurately;
according to the application, the flow sensor is arranged at the oil outlet to calculate the flow flowing through each lubrication point so as to calculate the actual value of the oil supply quantity, and the error between the actual value of the oil supply quantity and the target value of the oil supply quantity is regulated through PID operation, so that the accuracy of the oil supply quantity of the system is further improved;
the application carries out early warning treatment on the conditions of high temperature, oil way blockage and too low oil storage capacity through the early warning treatment unit, provides a stable running environment for the machine tool, and greatly improves the reliability of the system.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the application, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a system architecture diagram of an oil supply system of a numerical control machine tool according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a PID operation unit for correcting oil supply according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present application will be clearly and completely described in connection with the embodiments, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application. It is noted that relational terms such as "first" and "second", and the like, are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions.
Referring to fig. 1, the application discloses an oil supply system of a numerical control machine tool, which comprises a machine tool body, a state feedback module, an operation module and an oil supply module;
the state feedback module is used for collecting state information of the machine tool body and transmitting the state information to the operation module.
The operation module is used for calculating an oil supply quantity target value according to the state information and sending an oil supply signal to the oil supply module.
The oil supply module is used for supplying oil to the machine tool body according to the oil supply signal.
Further, the oil supply system further comprises an early warning processing unit, wherein the early warning processing unit is electrically connected with the machine tool body and is used for giving out warning or stopping operation instructions.
Further, the state feedback module comprises an oil storage allowance monitoring unit, a temperature monitoring unit, a working parameter monitoring unit and an oil quality monitoring unit. The oil storage allowance monitoring unit is connected with the oil supply module to monitor the residual oil quantity in the oil supply module in real time. The temperature monitoring unit, the working parameter monitoring unit and the oil quality monitoring unit are all electrically connected with the machine tool body.
The machine tool machining precision is greatly affected by temperature, and the numerical control machine tool lubricating oil can absorb heat generated in the machine tool by circulating in machine tool equipment to play a role in cooling, so that the machine tool equipment is prevented from being overheated to cause the equipment performance to be reduced or even damaged; furthermore, the temperature monitoring unit comprises a plurality of temperature sensors, the temperature sensors are arranged at key parts of the machine tool such as a main shaft, a motor, a frequency converter and the like, and temperature data are transmitted to the operation module through the temperature sensors, so that oil supply calculation is performed.
The numerical control machine tool has various working parameters to meet different machining requirements for the parts. Under different working parameters, the parameters such as the movement speed of each part, the rotation speed of the main shaft and the like are naturally different, so that the oil supply amount required by machine tool lubrication is different. The working parameter monitoring unit is used for transmitting the working parameter information to the operation module when the machine tool body switches the working parameters.
During the machining process of the numerical control machine tool, a large amount of metal particles are generated due to grinding, cutting and other operations, and the metal particles can influence the precision and the service life of the machine tool. Even though the lubricating oil is subjected to the treatments of dust collection, filtration and the like, the lubricating oil is inevitably polluted in the use process, so that the current required oil supply amount of the numerical control machine tool is required to be adjusted according to the dirty oil state information, and the lubricating oil is ensured to be updated in time in the use process of the numerical control machine tool. Therefore, the application monitors the dirty oil state information generated by the machine tool body through the oil quality monitoring unit.
Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present application, the oil quality monitoring unit includes a particle counter, an abrasive particle sensor, a water content sensor, and a viscosity sensor, so as to detect indexes such as viscosity, moisture, pollutant content, and metal abrasive particle content of the dirty oil, and thus obtain dirty oil status information by arrangement.
In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the oil supply module includes an oil pump, an oil reservoir, and a plurality of oil supply pipes for connecting the oil reservoir and the machine tool body. The oil pump is used for supplying oil to the machine tool body through the oil supply pipeline, and the oil storage tank is used for storing lubricating oil. The oil storage tank is electrically connected with the oil storage allowance monitoring unit, and the oil storage allowance monitoring unit monitors the oil storage amount of the oil storage tank.
Further, the oil supply module further comprises a progressive die splitter. The progressive sheet type flow divider is connected with the oil supply pipelines and the machine tool body, is used for distributing input fluid to the oil outlets, and realizes flow regulation and control of the outlets, and comprises a main distributor and a sub distributor. The operation process of the oil supply module is as follows:
the oil pump is started, the lubricating oil enters the main distributor, the lubricating oil pushes a certain piston communicated with the main distributor to move until the piston reaches the end point, and the oil outlet corresponding to the piston discharges quantitative oil and enters the corresponding sub distributor. The piston position change causes the piston pressure of the other valve block to be oil-connected, when the piston begins to move to the end point. The quantitative oil is discharged to the oil inlet pipeline of the corresponding sub-distributor, and all valve block pistons of the main distributor sequentially and circularly move as long as the lubricating oil exists. The corresponding oil outlets sequentially discharge quantitative oil liquid and enter the corresponding sub-distributors. Each sub-distributor is driven by the oil discharged by the main distributor, and each oil outlet circulates for quantitatively discharging oil. When the pump stops supplying oil, each distributor piston stops at the current position. The next oil supply cycle begins, the pump begins to oil, and each piston continues to move from the position where the piston was stopped last time to oil.
In the use process of the oil supply module, the situations that the oil supply is inaccurate due to the fact that a certain degree of pipeline is blocked, the pressure provided by an oil pump component is insufficient and the like are difficult to avoid. Under the condition of low influence degree, the manager does not need to immediately stop for maintenance. However, in order to keep accurate oil supply, the oil supply module further comprises a plurality of flow sensors, and the flow sensors are arranged at the corresponding oil outlets of the progressive sheet type flow divider. The flow sensor is used for monitoring the oil supply quantity of each oil outlet, so that when the flow monitored by a certain oil supply point is too low, abnormal oil supply quantity information is transmitted to the early warning processing unit, and a warning or operation stopping instruction is sent out through the early warning processing unit. And on the other hand, the flow sensor transmits the monitored oil supply data to the operation module for PID operation so as to correct the actual oil supply.
Based on the above embodiment, the operation module is configured to calculate the oil supply amount target value according to the state information, where the state information includes temperature information, operating parameter information, and dirty oil state information. In addition, the status information also includes current oil amount information.
Further, the operation module comprises a state information processing unit, a PID operation unit and a data storage unit.
The data storage unit is used for storing preset state values and various parameters required in the operation process. The preset state value comprises preset values of indexes such as standard working temperature, viscosity, moisture, pollutant content, metal abrasive particle content and the like, and corresponds to each parameter in the current state information one by one. In addition, various parameters required in the operation process include weight parameters. The weight parameters include a temperature weight α, an operating parameter weight β, and an oil quality weight γ, and satisfy α+β+γ=1 for calculating the oil supply amount target value. The values of the weight parameters are configured by a machine tool manager, and the machine tool manager can adjust the configuration in real time according to actual use conditions.
The state information processing unit is used for calculating a target oil supply amount value according to the state information. Specifically, the state information processing unit calculates a temperature oil supply amount target value V according to the temperature information, the working parameter information and the dirty oil state information 1 Target value V of oil supply quantity of working parameter 2 And an oil supply amount target value V of the oil quality 3 And reads the weight parameter stored in the data storage unit, and calculates the expression of the oil supply target value V under the condition of alpha+beta+gamma=1 as follows:
V＝αV 1 +βV 2 +γV 3
further, the temperature oil supply amount target value V 1 Expressed as:
V 1 ＝V 0 ×(T avg +C)/(T 0 +C)
wherein V is 0 For the preset standard oil supply quantity T avg For the average value of the temperatures obtained by the temperature sensors, T 0 And C is a preset temperature correction constant and is adjusted according to actual use conditions.
Target value V of oil supply quantity of working parameter 2 Expressed as:
F＝K f ×a e ×a p ×n/p
V 2 ＝F×S avg
wherein F is cutting force, S avg For average feed speed, K f The cutting force coefficient is R, the feeding amount is N, the stroke times per minute, t is the stroke time, p is the spindle rotating speed, N is the cutter edge number, a e For the feed depth of each edge tool, a p Is a processing channel width.
Target value V of oil supply quantity 3 Expressed as:
where k represents the number of parameters of the dirty oil state information, in this embodiment k= 4,O i Indicating the ith parameter in dirty oil status information, O 1 To O 4 Respectively representing viscosity, moisture, pollutant content and metal abrasive particle content in dirty oil state information, P i Representing a preset state value, P 1 To P 4 Respectively representing viscosity, moisture, contaminant content and metal abrasive particle content in the preset state values.
In a preferred embodiment, the status information processing unit is further configured to adjust the weight parameter and transmit the weight parameter to the data storage unit. In the actual working process of the machine tool, the oil supply quantity target value V obtained by calculation through the weight parameter can meet the requirements of most situations. However, when a certain value of the temperature information, the operating parameter information or the dirty oil state information in the state information is far greater than other values, the weight parameter reduces the influence of the value on the final calculation result oil supply amount target value V, so that the problem of inaccurate oil supply amount target value calculation may be caused. Although the machine tool manager can adjust the weight parameters in real time, the state information processing unit of the embodiment adjusts the weight parameters according to the target value V of the temperature oil supply amount 1 Target value V of oil supply quantity of working parameter 2 And an oil supply amount target value V of the oil quality 3 The weight parameters are adjusted, the degree of automation can be further improved,to save labor cost. The weight parameters are specifically expressed as:
where μ is greater than 1, for controlling the rate of increase of the weight parameter, μ=2 in this embodiment. When mu is larger, the weight parameter is along with the target value V of the oil supply quantity 1 Target value V of oil supply quantity of working parameter 2 And an oil supply amount target value V of the oil quality 3 The faster the increase, the effect of the state information on the supply amount target value V is amplified accordingly. In the specific calculation process, the state information processing unit may calculate the oil amount target value V 1 Target value V of oil supply quantity of working parameter 2 And an oil supply amount target value V of the oil quality 3 Scaling, restoring and approximating are carried out in a certain proportion to reduce the calculated amount, thereby achieving the ideal calculated result.
Based on the above embodiment, the oil supply amount target value V is expressed as:
it will be appreciated that μ as described above for controlling the rate of increase of the weight parameters may be chosen according to the circumstances.
Referring to fig. 2, in order to control the steady state error, dynamic response, stability, etc. of the oil supply system, the present application corrects the oil supply amount by the PID operation unit. Further, the state information processing unit is also used for calculating an actual value V' of the oil supply quantity according to the oil supply quantity data monitored by the flow sensors. The state information processing unit inputs the error e (t) of the actual oil supply value V' and the target oil supply value V into the PID operation unit, and then adjusts the analog value P (t) of the current signal according to the PID algorithm to change the output power of the oil pump so as to maintain the actual oil supply value of the oil supply module near the target oil supply value.
In the above formula, P (t) is the analog value of the current signal at the moment t, e (t) is the oil supply error, K p Is a proportionality coefficient, K i Is an integral coefficient, K d Is a differential coefficient. P (t) is also referred to as an oil supply signal in the present application.
It should be noted that, in the implementation process, the data storage unit stores the minimum oil supply threshold, and the state information processing unit transmits data to the PID operation unit to calculate the analog value of the current signal only when the target oil supply value V is greater than the minimum oil supply threshold.
In a preferred embodiment, the oil supply module further comprises an electromagnetic proportional valve arranged on the oil supply pipeline and comprising an electromagnet part and a valve core part. The electromagnet part is used for opening and closing the valve core, and the valve core part controls the flow of lubricating oil through opening and closing.
Based on the embodiment, the state information processing unit outputs a voltage signal to the electromagnetic proportional valve according to the temperature state information and the working state information, and the electromagnet in the electromagnetic proportional valve receives the voltage signal to enable the valve core to move, so that the flow speed of lubricating oil is controlled. In this embodiment, in addition to achieving accurate oil amount supply, it is also necessary to control the flow rate of lubricating oil at the time of oil supply. According to the temperature state information, when the working temperature of the machine tool is too low, the lubricating oil becomes sticky, the fluidity is reduced, if the flow speed is too high, the equipment is damaged or broken, and the flow speed of the lubricating oil needs to be reduced; when the operating temperature of the machine tool is too high, it is necessary to increase the flow rate of the lubricating oil in addition to the aforementioned increase in the oil supply amount to improve the cooling effect. The flow rate of the lubricating oil is adjusted according to the working state information including cutting force, average feeding speed, main shaft rotating speed and other parameters, so that the lubricating oil can be timely supplemented when the equipment runs at high speed, and the abrasion among parts is reduced.
In order to ensure the running state of the machine tool to be stable, the early warning processing unit stores a preset first temperature threshold, a preset second temperature threshold, a preset first oil quantity threshold and a preset second oil quantity threshold. The early warning processing unit is respectively and electrically connected with the temperature monitoring unit, the allowance monitoring unit and the machine tool body, and is used for sending out a temperature alarm signal when the temperature exceeds a preset temperature first threshold value and sending out a stop operation instruction to the machine tool body when the temperature exceeds a preset temperature second threshold value according to temperature state information provided by the temperature monitoring unit so as to avoid continuous operation of the machine tool at the overhigh temperature. On the other hand, the early warning processing unit is used for sending out an oil quantity alarm signal when the oil storage quantity is lower than a preset oil quantity first threshold value according to the oil storage quantity provided by the oil storage quantity monitoring unit, and sending out an operation stopping instruction to the machine tool body when the temperature exceeds a preset oil quantity second threshold value so as to avoid the machine tool from operating under the condition of excessively low oil quantity. The temperature alarm signal and the oil quantity alarm signal can be realized through sound, a machine tool panel, an APP notification and the like.
It will be clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, specific working procedures of the above-described systems, apparatuses and units may refer to corresponding procedures in the foregoing method embodiments, which are not repeated herein.
In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices, and methods may be implemented in other manners. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative, e.g., the division of the units is merely a logical function division, and there may be additional divisions when actually implemented, e.g., multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted or not performed. Alternatively, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed with each other may be an indirect coupling or communication connection via some interfaces, devices or units, which may be in electrical, mechanical or other form.
The units described as separate units may or may not be physically separate, and units shown as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.
In addition, each functional unit in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated in one unit. The integrated units may be implemented in hardware or in software functional units.
The integrated units, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as stand-alone products, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present application may be embodied essentially or in part or all of the technical solution or in part in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium, including instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present application. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM, random access memory), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, or other various media capable of storing program codes.
Claims (9)
1. An oil feeding system of a numerical control machine tool is characterized in that: the machine tool comprises a machine tool body, a state feedback module, an operation module and an oil supply module;
the state feedback module is respectively and electrically connected with the machine tool body and the operation module and is used for collecting state information of the machine tool body and transmitting the state information to the operation module; the state feedback module comprises a temperature monitoring unit, a working parameter monitoring unit and an oil quality monitoring unit; the state information comprises temperature information, working parameter information and dirty oil state information;
the oil supply module is used for supplying oil to the machine tool body according to an oil supply signal; the oil supply module comprises a plurality of flow sensors; the flow sensor is used for acquiring oil supply quantity data and transmitting the oil supply quantity data to the operation module; the operation module comprises a state information processing unit and a PID operation unit;
the state information processing unit calculates a target oil supply amount value according to the state information; the PID operation unit is used for obtaining an actual oil supply value according to the oil supply data, obtaining an oil supply error according to the actual oil supply value and an target oil supply value, and outputting an oil supply signal to the oil supply module according to the oil supply error;
the oil supply module further comprises an electromagnetic proportional valve; the state information processing unit is used for controlling the electromagnetic proportional valve according to the temperature state information and the working state information;
the oil supply amount target value is expressed as:
V＝αV 1 +βV 2 +γV 3 ,
wherein, alpha+beta+gamma=1, alpha is temperature weight, beta is working parameter weight, gamma is oil weight, V 1 For the target value of the oil supply amount of the temperature, V 2 For the target value of the oil supply quantity of the working parameter, V 3 The oil supply quantity target value is the oil quality;
the temperature oil supply amount target value is expressed as:
V 1 ＝V 0 ×(T avg +C)/(T 0 +C)
wherein V is 0 For the preset standard oil supply quantity T avg For the average value of the temperatures obtained by the temperature sensors, T 0 C is a preset temperature correction constant for the standard working temperature;
the operating parameter oil supply target value is expressed as:
F＝K f ×a e ×a p ×n/p，
V 2 ＝F×S avg ，
wherein F is cutting force, S avg For average feed speed, K f The cutting force coefficient is R, the feeding amount is N, the stroke times per minute, t is the stroke time, p is the spindle rotating speed, N is the cutter edge number, a e For the feed depth of each edge tool, a p The processing channel width is the processing channel width;
the oil quality oil supply amount target value is expressed as:
wherein k represents the number of parameters of the dirty oil state information, O i Represents the ith parameter, P, in the dirty oil status information i Indicating the i-th preset state value.
2. The numerically-controlled machine tool oil supply system according to claim 1, wherein: the operation module further comprises a data storage unit for storing weight parameters and the preset state value; the weight parameters include the temperature weight, the working parameter weight and the oil quality weight, which are respectively expressed as:
wherein μ is greater than 1.
3. The numerically-controlled machine tool oil supply system according to claim 2, wherein: the temperature oil supply target value, the working parameter oil supply target value and the oil supply target value are calculated by the state information processing unit according to the state information and a preset state value.
4. The numerically-controlled machine tool oil supply system according to claim 1, wherein: the oil supply module comprises an oil pump, an oil storage tank, an oil supply pipeline for connecting the oil pump and the machine tool body and a progressive sheet type shunt; the progressive sheet type flow divider is used for distributing lubricating oil to a plurality of oil outlets and also is used for adjusting and controlling the flow of the plurality of oil outlets; the flow sensor is arranged at the position of each oil outlet.
5. The numerically-controlled machine tool oil supply system according to claim 1, wherein: the oil quality monitoring unit comprises a particle counter, an abrasive particle sensor, a water content sensor and a viscosity sensor and is used for acquiring the dirty oil state information.
6. The numerically-controlled machine tool oil supply system according to claim 1, wherein: the oil supply signal is specifically a current signal analog value, and is expressed as:
wherein e (t) =v-V ', e (t) represents an oil supply amount error, V is the oil supply amount target value, V' is the oil supply amount actual value, K p Is a proportionality coefficient, K i Is an integral coefficient, K d And t is the current moment and is the differential coefficient.
7. The numerically-controlled machine tool oil supply system according to claim 1, wherein: the state feedback module further comprises an oil storage allowance monitoring unit, wherein the oil storage allowance monitoring unit is electrically connected with the oil supply module and is used for monitoring the residual oil quantity in the oil supply module.
8. The numerically-controlled machine tool oil supply system according to claim 7, wherein: the system also comprises an early warning processing unit; the early warning processing unit is respectively and electrically connected with the temperature monitoring unit, the oil storage allowance monitoring unit and the machine tool body and is used for sending out a warning or stopping an operation instruction.
9. The numerically-controlled machine tool oil supply system according to claim 1, wherein: the temperature monitoring unit comprises a plurality of temperature sensors; and the temperature sensor is arranged at the positions of the spindle, the motor and the frequency converter of the machine tool body and used for acquiring the temperature information.
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