CN116527562A - Routing method, system, device and medium for grid connection of roof photovoltaic power station - Google Patents
Routing method, system, device and medium for grid connection of roof photovoltaic power station Download PDFInfo
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- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
Abstract
A routing method, system, device and medium for grid connection of a roof-oriented photovoltaic power station are characterized in that the method comprises the following steps: step 1, carrying out path searching for each photovoltaic inverter in a platform area to obtain all paths between the current photovoltaic inverter and a platform area fusion terminal; step 2, collecting power line topology parameters in a station area to calculate constraint conditions of time delay, packet loss rate, throughput and data transmission rate of all paths, and dividing a molecular problem by adopting the constraint conditions so as to screen out invalid paths; and 3, traversing all paths after the invalid paths are screened out by adopting an ant colony algorithm, and obtaining the optimal path of each photovoltaic inverter in the platform area. The method is effective and reliable, the algorithm is fast converged, and the optimal path of the photovoltaic inverter participating in grid-connected regulation can be accurately judged from various different network operation performances such as time delay, throughput, packet loss rate, data transmission rate and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of power systems, in particular to a routing method, a system, a device and a medium for grid connection of a roof-oriented photovoltaic power station.
Background
Distributed photovoltaic power generation is an important way for fully utilizing novel renewable energy sources, and has the advantages of no pollution, common resources, never failure and the like. Roof photovoltaics have great development prospect due to low construction cost, short construction period and high generating capacity income. However, unlike the traditional ground centralized photovoltaic power generation, the roof distributed photovoltaic has the characteristics of obvious and wide distribution, a large number of power generation terminals and the like, and thus, higher requirements are put forward for realizing the omnibearing 'considerable, measurable, adjustable and controllable' of the roof distributed photovoltaic grid-connected link.
The power line carrier communication technology is to transmit data information or voice information in the form of a carrier wave using a power line as a communication medium. Compared with a wireless communication mode, the power line carrier communication has the advantages of high safety, wide coverage area, low construction cost and the like. However, the construction environment of the roof photovoltaic power station has large noise interference and has great influence on the power line carrier communication channel. In addition, control signaling transmission related to the roof distributed photovoltaic grid-connected link has higher requirements on time delay and reliability, so that the existing relevant technology of the voltage power line carrier communication cannot better meet the requirements on real-time performance and high reliability in the roof distributed photovoltaic grid-connected link.
The existing power line carrier communication routing method mainly comprises a fixed routing method, a learning routing method and a dynamic routing method. The fixed routing method is that terminal data interact with a master station according to a specified route, but the fixed routing mode cannot adapt to a flexible and changeable network topology structure of roof photovoltaics, and once the route is damaged, key data is lost, so that the operation safety of a power distribution network is affected; the method for learning the routing is based on an exhaustion mode to calculate all possible selected communication paths, and the communication paths are selected according to conditions, but the method has higher calculation cost and low efficiency, and can not dynamically adjust changeable channel states; the dynamic routing method is based on a reinforcement learning mode, utilizes a network self-adaptive technology, automatically selects an effective data transmission path according to dynamic changes of a network topology structure of a power line carrier communication network, and can effectively improve data transmission quality, but the existing routing algorithm does not consider the technical index requirements of related control signaling in a roof distributed photovoltaic grid-connected link on reliability, interference resistance, instantaneity and the like.
In view of the above, a new routing method, system, device and medium for grid connection of a roof-oriented photovoltaic power station based on power line carrier are needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a routing method, a system, a device and a medium for grid connection of a roof photovoltaic power station, and a greedy algorithm and an ant colony algorithm are adopted to realize rapid and optimal route searching between a photovoltaic inverter and a platform area fusion terminal.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme.
The invention relates to a routing method for grid connection of a roof-oriented photovoltaic power station, which comprises the following steps: step 1, carrying out path searching for each photovoltaic inverter in a platform area to obtain all paths between the current photovoltaic inverter and a platform area fusion terminal; step 2, collecting power line topology parameters in a station area to calculate constraint conditions of time delay, packet loss rate, throughput and data transmission rate of all paths, and adopting constraint conditions to divide the problem of molecules so as to screen out invalid paths; and 3, traversing all paths after the invalid paths are screened out by adopting an ant colony algorithm, and obtaining the optimal path of each photovoltaic inverter in the platform area.
Preferably, any one of all paths comprises a connection mode from a photovoltaic inverter to a photovoltaic grid-connected breaker, from the photovoltaic grid-connected breaker to a low-voltage intelligent breaker of a platform area and from the low-voltage intelligent breaker of the platform area to a fusion terminal of the platform area; the system comprises a photovoltaic inverter, a photovoltaic grid-connected breaker, a transformer area low-voltage intelligent breaker and a transformer area fusion terminal, wherein the photovoltaic inverter is communicated with the photovoltaic grid-connected breaker in an RS485 mode, and the photovoltaic grid-connected breaker is communicated with the transformer area low-voltage intelligent breaker and the transformer area fusion terminal in a power line carrier mode.
Preferably, the power line topology parameters at least comprise a connection mode, a communication distance, a coupling mode and pulse interference among the photovoltaic grid-connected circuit breakers, the transformer area low-voltage intelligent circuit breakers and the transformer area fusion terminals; the constraint conditions of all paths are obtained based on the power line topology parameters.
Preferably, the delay D (P (a, b)) of the path P (a, b) is calculated by
Wherein E is S For transmission delay on a single path segment in path P (a, b), E H For clock skew, E, on a single path segment in path P (a, b) PG I is the number of individual path segments in path P (a, b), for propagation delay on individual path segments in path P (a, b).
Preferably, the transmission delay on the single path segment is obtained based on a deviation between the parsing time of the first non-zero data bit of the frame control field in the MPDU of the central beacon and the device reference time; the clock offset on the single path segment is obtained based on the clock synchronization deviation of the intelligent ammeter on the two ends of the single path segment; the propagation delay is estimated based on the power line topology parameters.
Preferably, the constraint conditions of time delay, packet loss rate, throughput and data transmission rate are respectively used as sub-problems of a greedy algorithm, and the optimal solution of the sub-problems is solved; and screening out invalid paths which do not meet constraint conditions in the solving process and storing an effective path set.
Preferably, a network topology model between the new photovoltaic inverter and the platform area fusion terminal is generated based on the screened invalid path; and searching an optimal path from the network topology model by adopting an ant colony algorithm.
Preferably, the heuristic function of the ant colony algorithm is
Wherein t is the moment of the ant colony algorithm, R (t) is the data transmission rate of the current path at the moment t, D (t) is the time delay of the current path at the moment t, and B (t) is the packet loss rate of the current path at the moment t.
The invention relates to a routing system for grid connection of a roof-oriented photovoltaic power station by adopting the method in the first aspect, which comprises a platform area fusion terminal, a platform area low-voltage intelligent circuit breaker, a photovoltaic grid-connected circuit breaker and a photovoltaic inverter connected with the photovoltaic grid-connected circuit breaker in an RS485 mode, wherein the platform area fusion terminal is connected with the platform area low-voltage intelligent circuit breaker by adopting a power line; the intelligent ammeter is deployed on the low-voltage intelligent circuit breaker of the transformer area and the local area of the photovoltaic grid-connected circuit breaker; the system also comprises a path searching module, a screening module and an acquisition module; the path searching module is used for searching paths for each photovoltaic inverter in the transformer area so as to acquire all paths between the current photovoltaic inverter and the transformer area fusion terminal; the screening module is used for collecting power line topology parameters in the transformer area, calculating constraint conditions of time delay, packet loss rate, throughput and data transmission rate of all paths, and screening invalid paths by adopting constraint condition dividing problems; the acquisition module is used for traversing all paths after the invalid paths are screened out by adopting an ant colony algorithm, and acquiring the optimal path of each photovoltaic inverter in the platform area.
In a third aspect, the invention relates to an apparatus comprising a processor and a storage medium; the storage medium is used for storing instructions; the processor is operative according to instructions to perform steps of the method according to the first aspect of the present invention.
The fourth aspect of the present invention relates to a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which when executed by a processor implements the steps of the method of the first aspect of the present invention.
Compared with the prior art, the routing method, the system, the device and the medium for the grid connection of the roof photovoltaic power station have the beneficial effects that a greedy algorithm and an ant colony algorithm can be adopted to realize the rapid and optimal route searching between the photovoltaic inverter and the platform area fusion terminal. The method is effective and reliable, the algorithm is fast converged, and the optimal path of the photovoltaic inverter participating in grid-connected regulation can be accurately judged from various different network operation performances such as time delay, throughput, packet loss rate, data transmission rate and the like.
The beneficial effects of the invention also include:
1. the method can better serve the roof distributed photovoltaic grid-connected scene by the voltage power line carrier communication technology, can select the data transmission path with low transmission delay, large throughput and small packet loss rate by the routing technology, realizes real-time and stable transmission of key data in the distributed photovoltaic grid-connected scene, and ensures safe and efficient operation of the roof distributed photovoltaic grid-connected environment. Therefore, the method can dynamically select the optimal path of data transmission, improve the reliability of the carrier communication of the voltage power line and reduce the transmission delay.
2. The method provided by the invention is based on an improved ant colony routing algorithm, simulates the characteristic that an ant colony routing leaves a pheromone, and searches a path in a distributed photovoltaic parallel network power line communication network in a station area to find the shortest path. Meanwhile, in order to meet the reliability and low-delay requirements of roof distributed photovoltaic grid connection, path searching is subjected to layering processing by combining a greedy algorithm, so that a path which can meet the service communication quality requirements better in the current communication condition is prone to be selected under the condition that the shortest path is selected by a transmission path. In other words, the improved ant colony algorithm firstly screens out the useless paths through the greedy algorithm to obtain a series of suboptimal solution sets related to time delay and reliability as an initialization data set of the ant colony algorithm. And then searching a global optimal solution in the integral low-voltage power line carrier communication topological network structure by utilizing an ant colony algorithm, and finding a data transmission path with the minimum transmission delay and highest reliability, thereby ensuring the safe and efficient operation of the roof distributed photovoltaic grid-connected system. Therefore, the improved ant colony algorithm has smaller calculated amount, higher operation efficiency and high reliability in response time and accuracy.
3. In actual production activities, the power distribution network can face the condition of access and access of a large number of distributed photovoltaic power sources, meanwhile, electromagnetic interference generated by a power generation environment has a large influence on a channel, the condition that an optimal path lacks key node support and cannot be communicated normally can occur, and if a routing algorithm is conducted again, transmission efficiency can be greatly reduced. Therefore, the algorithm combines the multi-path fusion strategy on the basis of the original method of selecting only a single optimal path as a routing result, and selects a plurality of paths in the suboptimal solution as a result to store. If the optimal data transmission path cannot be used due to equipment connection or equipment failure, an alternative scheme with performance close to that of the optimal solution path can be selected from the stored paths, so that the operation efficiency of the low-voltage power line carrier communication network can be better improved, and the reliability of the network is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of steps of a method for routing grid connection of a roof-oriented photovoltaic power plant of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a network topology model in a routing method for grid connection of a roof-oriented photovoltaic power plant according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a calculation process of path delay in a routing method for grid connection of a roof-oriented photovoltaic power station;
Fig. 4 is a schematic flow chart of an ant colony algorithm in a routing method for grid connection of a roof-oriented photovoltaic power station.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. The described embodiments of the invention are only some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments of the invention not described herein, which are obtained from the embodiments described herein, should be within the scope of the invention by those of ordinary skill in the art without undue effort based on the spirit of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of steps of a routing method for grid connection of a roof-oriented photovoltaic power station in the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the first aspect of the present invention relates to a routing method for grid connection of a roof-oriented photovoltaic power plant, which comprises steps 1 to 3.
Step 1, a path is searched for each photovoltaic inverter in the platform area so as to acquire all paths between the current photovoltaic inverter and the platform area fusion terminal.
As described above, the roof-top distributed photovoltaic has the characteristics of obvious and wide distribution, a large number of power generation terminals, and the like. The photovoltaic inverters are arranged very dispersedly, and the number of photovoltaic inverters in the same area is very large, the geographic positions are different, and the photovoltaic inverters are also commonly integrated into the power grid in various different modes. Therefore, the grid-connected mode of the photovoltaic inverter is difficult to count, and uplink and downlink electric energy provided by the photovoltaic inverter is difficult to accurately count and apply in real time.
In order to overcome the problem, the method firstly adopts a traversing mode to seek a path for each photovoltaic inverter in the platform area. This way is not the way to find the current access grid of the photovoltaic inverter, but the possible ways to find the various access areas that the photovoltaic inverter exists.
Preferably, any one of all paths comprises a connection mode from a photovoltaic inverter to a photovoltaic grid-connected breaker, from the photovoltaic grid-connected breaker to a low-voltage intelligent breaker of a platform area and from the low-voltage intelligent breaker of the platform area to a fusion terminal of the platform area; the system comprises a photovoltaic inverter, a photovoltaic grid-connected breaker, a transformer area low-voltage intelligent breaker and a transformer area fusion terminal, wherein the photovoltaic inverter is communicated with the photovoltaic grid-connected breaker in an RS485 mode, and the photovoltaic grid-connected breaker is communicated with the transformer area low-voltage intelligent breaker and the transformer area fusion terminal in a power line carrier mode.
As described in the above method, the way may be any way from top to bottom or from bottom to top. Finally, only one path can meet the requirement that one end is a photovoltaic inverter, and the other end is a platform zone fusion terminal. In order to ensure that one path can meet the grid connection requirement of the photovoltaic power station, at least one photovoltaic grid connection breaker and at least one district low-voltage intelligent breaker are ensured to be sequentially arranged on the link to be used as a circuit breaking control device for controlling the photovoltaic inverter to effectively grid.
Specifically, the road searching mode fully considers the link of roof distributed photovoltaic grid connection, real-time power quality monitoring and equipment state monitoring are required to be carried out on power generation equipment which is connected in a platform area, meanwhile, the specificity of photovoltaic power generation is considered, and a principle that a corresponding weather monitoring device is required to be deployed to ensure the power generation capacity of a roof photovoltaic power station is required.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a network topology model in a routing method for grid connection of a roof-oriented photovoltaic power station. As shown in fig. 2, the path finding result of the final path may be characterized as shown in fig. 2, and when the local communication link deploys the carrier communication of the voltage power line, a tree layered network topology structure is often adopted, where there are four types of nodes including a platform area fusion terminal, a platform area low-voltage intelligent circuit breaker, a photovoltaic grid-connected circuit breaker and a photovoltaic inverter. In order to ensure that the optimal path finding result of fig. 2 can be achieved, it is necessary to ensure that the deployment mode of each path can be consistent with the deployment mode of the final path in the process of finding all paths.
The platform area integration terminal is used as a main node of the communication network structure and is used for carrying out networking control, maintenance management, remote wireless communication with the main station and the like; the intelligent low-voltage circuit breaker and the photovoltaic grid-connected circuit breaker of the transformer area are nodes for carrying out data interaction and relay forwarding between the transformer area fusion terminal and the photovoltaic inverter, and meanwhile, when a distribution line or equipment fails, the circuit breaker can be disconnected in an emergency manner and is used for protecting the safe operation of the low-voltage distribution network; the photovoltaic inverter is the tail end of the topological structure of the power line carrier communication network and is used for collecting key data such as power quality information. The data acquisition and monitoring system is established between the layers in a mode of power line carrier communication of the voltage, and the photovoltaic inverter and the upper layer node realize data interaction in a mode of protocol communication of RS485 and the like.
And 2, collecting power line topology parameters in the station area to calculate constraint conditions of time delay, packet loss rate, throughput and data transmission rate of all paths, and adopting the constraint conditions to divide the problem of molecules so as to screen out invalid paths.
Aiming at the network topology structure and the roof distributed photovoltaic communication requirement obtained by the method, a reasonable algorithm can be correspondingly designed, so that the optimal route is obtained.
Preferably, the power line topology parameters at least comprise a connection mode, a communication distance, a coupling mode and pulse interference among the photovoltaic grid-connected circuit breakers, the transformer area low-voltage intelligent circuit breakers and the transformer area fusion terminals; the constraints of all paths are calculated based on the power line topology parameters.
It should be noted that the power line topology parameter in the present invention may be obtained according to various different manners.
In an embodiment of the invention, information in each path under the platform area fusion terminal can be obtained through recording historical data of the platform area fusion terminal, and corresponding power line topology parameters are obtained through a data analysis mode. At this time, these power line topology parameters may be related indicators directly or indirectly used to characterize the power line data transmission characteristics. For example, when the time required for the historical packet data to be transmitted on a certain determined physical path can be collected in the zone fusion terminal, the index can be recorded as the topology parameter of the power line. For another example, when there are multiple overload situations in the communication transmission on a specific physical path, the method of the present invention can record the occurrence time of the abnormality and analyze the limitation of the indexes such as the data transmission rate and the bandwidth under the current path.
In another embodiment of the present invention, the collection of the topology parameters of the power line may be implemented according to the physical parameters and the communication transmission indexes of the important devices connected to the zone fusion terminal. For example, by fusing the routing table information obtained by the terminal, the method can obtain all possible connection modes among a plurality of different types of devices.
In addition, in the early construction process of the photovoltaic grid-connected network, related parameters of the main power line, such as the actual length of one power line, can be recorded as a communication distance parameter.
Furthermore, information such as a coupling mode between the power carrier and communication data in each power line and pulse interference in the power line under the conventional condition can be acquired.
In summary, although the power line topology parameters mentioned in the present invention are not limited to those mentioned in the above embodiments, the power line topology parameters need to be related data capable of confirming the path constraint conditions. The constraint condition of the path in the invention is an index related to the network transmission performance of the path.
Specifically, the relevant indexes of the network transmission performance selected in the invention comprise time delay, packet loss rate, throughput and data transmission rate. Of course, the present invention is not intended to exclude the selection of other indicators for characterizing the transmission performance of the network, as the prior art is directed. In order to obtain the optimal path, the method calculates the above indexes in all paths, namely, calculates the time delay D (P (a, B)), the packet loss rate B (P (a, B)), the throughput C (P (a, B)) and the data transmission rate R (P (a, B)) for a complete path P (a, B).
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a calculation process of path delay in a routing method for grid connection of a roof-oriented photovoltaic power station. As shown in fig. 3, the present invention can calculate the data transmission delay on each segment of the whole path, namely T in fig. 3 M +T QF +T INV And is combined withAnd obtaining the total data transmission delay through summation operation.
Preferably, the delay D (P (a, b)) of the path P (a, b) is calculated by
Wherein E is S For processing delays on a single path segment in path P (a, b),
E H for clock skew on a single path segment in path P (a, b),
E PG for the transmission delay on a single path segment in path P (a, b),
i is the number of a single path segment in path P (a, b),
the number of individual path segments in the I path P (a, b).
In particular, for a single path segment, i.e. T M Or T QF Or T INV For example, the delay may be composed of a plurality of parts. In the prior art, for calculation of time delay on a network path, time delays of different reasons such as transmission time delay (time delay determined based on a data frame length), propagation time delay (time delay propagated in a channel), processing time delay (time spent by equipment for performing data analysis and extraction), queuing time delay (time delay of queuing processing in a data packet transmission process) and the like are generally calculated respectively, and finally, the total time delay is obtained.
For the present invention, this part of the delay is not taken into account, since the path is selected itself to avoid queuing delay. In addition, since the performances among the photovoltaic inverter, the circuit breakers at each stage and the zone fusion terminal are similar, the calculation of the processing time delay of the equipment is omitted. Because it is difficult to make a large improvement in this delay no matter which path is taken.
Therefore, the invention mainly collects and calculates the transmission delay and the propagation delay.
Preferably, the transmission delay on the single path segment is obtained based on a deviation between the parsing time of the first non-zero data bit of the frame control field in the MPDU of the central beacon and the device reference time; the clock offset on the single path segment is obtained based on the clock synchronization deviation of the intelligent ammeter on the two ends of the single path segment; the propagation delay is estimated based on the power line topology parameters.
Specifically, in the roof distributed photovoltaic grid-connected power line communication topological network structure, an intelligent ammeter for measuring key electrical data is correspondingly arranged at a key node, the intelligent ammeter comprises corresponding clock calibration and clock synchronization functions, data on local equipment can be acquired through clock synchronization deviation of the intelligent ammeter, and acquisition and calibration of the clock synchronization deviation among the local equipment are realized.
The channel propagation delay of the carrier signal for data transmission can be calculated by estimating the arrival time difference of the downlink frame of the previous node by the next node, for example, the channel propagation delay is estimated primarily according to the content such as the power line communication distance in the power line topology parameter, and calculated according to the arrival time of the downlink frame.
Besides time delay, the invention also needs to calculate the packet loss rate of data transmitted from the zone fusion terminal to the photovoltaic inverter, and the calculation formula is as follows
Wherein num (LossBlock (P (a, b))) is the number of dropped packets on path P (a, b),
num (TotalBlock (P (a, b))) is the total number of packets transmitted on path P (a, b).
The two data can be determined according to the actual transmission condition, and the number of lost packets and the total number of data packets in one data transmission process can be metered. The information may also be generated from a plurality of typical historical transmissions.
The transmission rate of data transmitted from the zone fusion terminal to the photovoltaic inverter is as follows
Wherein L (P (a, b)) is the packet length on path P (a, b),
t (P (a, b)) is the packet transmission time on path P (a, b).
The data may also be obtained in a similar manner.
The C (P (a, b)) may be comprehensively determined from information such as the bandwidth that the current power line can support and the data processing capability of the devices at both ends of the power line.
After the data is acquired, constraint conditions can be set for the data, and invalid paths are calculated preliminarily through a greedy algorithm. The intelligent circuit breaker and the photovoltaic grid-connected circuit breaker of the transformer area are used as the sub-nodes and the data transmission relay. The route search process starts with the master node, each node recursively sending path search requests to its neighboring connected nodes until the target node is searched. And recursively returning the current node after connecting to the target node to obtain a transmission path between the main node and the target node, and integrating all the searched paths to obtain a related path set.
The routing problem is described by building a mathematical model using a greedy algorithm and is divided into a number of sub-problems. And obtaining a local optimal solution meeting the self-sub problem in the original network structure based on constraint conditions in the sub problem, and merging the solution into a suboptimal solution set of the original path selection problem.
Preferably, the constraint conditions of time delay, packet loss rate, throughput and data transmission rate are respectively used as sub-problems of a greedy algorithm, and the optimal solution of the sub-problems is solved; and screening out invalid paths which do not meet constraint conditions in the solving process and storing an effective path set.
Relevant networking standards for distributed photovoltaics are specified in the power system. Wherein, the transmission delay of the remote control data should be less than 500ms, the transmission delay requirement of the telemetry data should be less than 2s, the packet loss rate should be less than 0.15%, and the transmission rate should be more than 2.4kbps. Aiming at the above, the invention takes a constraint condition as a sub-problem, adopts a plurality of greedy algorithms to calculate independently, and finally screens out useless transmission paths and generates a local optimal solution under the constraint condition.
It will be appreciated that the locally optimal solution generated herein is an intersection of locally optimal solutions obtained for a plurality of sub-conditions. The above mentioned active path set can also be used to implement a topology model of the updated voltage power line carrier communication network with the inactive paths deleted.
And 3, traversing all paths after the invalid paths are screened out by adopting an ant colony algorithm, and obtaining the optimal path of each photovoltaic inverter in the platform area.
After the local optimal solution is obtained by adopting the greedy algorithm, invalid paths can be screened out in advance, and the efficiency and accuracy of operation can be ensured in the iterative calculation process of the remaining effective paths.
Fig. 4 is a schematic flow chart of an ant colony algorithm in a routing method for grid connection of a roof-oriented photovoltaic power station. As shown in fig. 4, in the ant colony algorithm, artificial ant colony is set, and a large number of ant colony are simulated to seek by manually defining key nodes, and at the same time, accumulation of pheromones generated in the course of seeking is recorded. And selecting the target node in the next iteration process by the artificial ant colony according to the calculation result of the related parameters. By the preset, the ant colony can preferentially transfer to the nodes with low transmission delay, small packet loss rate and high data transmission rate.
At time t, the probability that ant k transitions from node i to next hop node j can be expressed as:
in the formula, N i At the t moment, a set of all adjacent nodes which can effectively communicate with the node i is obtained by inquiring a new network topology model realized by the greedy algorithm in the step 2.
In addition, alpha is a pheromone influence factor, beta is a heuristic information influence factor, and the heuristic information influence factor is respectively used for representing pheromones between nodes i and j at the moment tConcentration τ ij (t), heuristic information η between nodes i and j ij The importance of (t). When α is larger, the ant colony will tend to select a path with a high pheromone concentration for transfer next time; when β is larger, the ant colony will tend to select path transfer according to guidance of heuristic information next time.
Preferably, the heuristic function of the ant colony algorithm is
Wherein t is the moment of the ant colony algorithm,
r (t) is the data transmission rate of the current path at time t,
d (t) is the delay of the current path at time t,
b (t) is the packet loss rate of the current path at the moment t.
It can be understood that in the present invention, the initial value of the pheromone concentration can be set empirically, and the value of the pheromone concentration can be changed according to the different iteration times. In the invention, the heuristic function can guide the ant colony to realize the transfer to the optimal path according to the conditions of various network indexes in the network topology.
Repeating the steps of artificial ant colony path searching until the maximum iteration times are converged at the position of an optimal data transmission path. In actual production activities, the power distribution network can face the condition of access and access of a large number of distributed photovoltaic power sources, meanwhile, electromagnetic interference generated by a power generation environment has a large influence on a channel, the condition that an optimal path lacks key node support and cannot be communicated normally can occur, and if a routing algorithm is conducted again, transmission efficiency can be greatly reduced. Therefore, the algorithm combines the multi-path fusion strategy on the basis of the original method of selecting only a single optimal path as a routing result, and selects a plurality of paths in the suboptimal solution as a result to store. If the optimal data transmission path cannot be used due to equipment connection or equipment failure, an alternative scheme with performance close to that of the optimal solution path can be selected from the stored paths.
The invention relates to a routing system for grid connection of a roof-oriented photovoltaic power station by adopting the method in the first aspect, which comprises a platform area fusion terminal, a platform area low-voltage intelligent circuit breaker, a photovoltaic grid-connected circuit breaker and a photovoltaic inverter connected with the photovoltaic grid-connected circuit breaker in an RS485 mode, wherein the platform area fusion terminal is connected with the platform area low-voltage intelligent circuit breaker by adopting a power line; the intelligent ammeter is deployed on the local areas of the low-voltage intelligent circuit breaker and the photovoltaic grid-connected circuit breaker of the transformer area; the system also comprises a path searching module, a screening module and an acquisition module; the path searching module is used for searching paths for each photovoltaic inverter in the transformer area so as to acquire all paths between the current photovoltaic inverter and the transformer area fusion terminal; the screening module is used for collecting power line topology parameters in the transformer area to calculate constraint conditions of time delay, packet loss rate, throughput and data transmission rate of all paths, and screening invalid paths by adopting constraint conditions to divide the problem; the acquisition module is used for traversing all paths after the invalid paths are screened out by adopting an ant colony algorithm, and acquiring the optimal path of each photovoltaic inverter in the platform area.
In a third aspect, the invention relates to an apparatus comprising a processor and a storage medium; the storage medium is used for storing instructions; the processor is operative according to instructions to perform steps of the method according to the first aspect of the present invention.
It will be appreciated that such an apparatus in the present invention may be implemented in the form of a zone-fusion terminal. In order to implement the functions in the method provided in the embodiment of the present application, the device includes a hardware structure and/or a software module that perform the respective functions. Those of skill in the art will readily appreciate that the algorithm steps of the examples described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a function is implemented as hardware or computer software driven hardware depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the solution. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present application.
The embodiment of the application may divide the functional modules of the apparatus according to the above method example, for example, each functional module may be divided corresponding to each function, or two or more functions may be integrated into one processing module. The integrated modules may be implemented in hardware or in software functional modules. It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, the division of the modules is schematic, which is merely a logic function division, and other division manners may be implemented in actual implementation.
The apparatus includes at least one processor, a bus system, and at least one communication interface. The processor may be a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), or may be replaced by a field programmable gate array (Field Programmable Gate Array, FPGA), application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or other hardware, or the FPGA or other hardware may be used together with the CPU as a processor.
The memory may be, but is not limited to, read-only memory (ROM) or other type of static storage device that can store static information and instructions, random access memory (random access memory, RAM) or other type of dynamic storage device that can store information and instructions, but may also be electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), compact disc-read only memory (compact disc read-only memory) or other optical disk storage, optical disk storage (including compact disc, laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc, blu-ray disc, etc.), magnetic disk storage media or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a computer. The memory may be stand alone and coupled to the processor via a bus. The memory may also be integrated with the processor.
The hard disk may be a mechanical disk or a solid state disk (Solid State Drive, SSD), etc. The interface card may be a Host Bus Adapter (HBA), a redundant array of independent disks card (RedundantArray of Independent Disks, RID), an Expander card (Expander), or a network interface controller (Network Interface Controller, NIC), which is not limited by the embodiments of the present invention. The interface card in the hard disk module is communicated with the hard disk. The storage node communicates with an interface card of the hard disk module to access the hard disk in the hard disk module.
The interface of the hard disk may be a serial attached small computer system interface (Serial Attached Small Computer System Interface, SAS), serial advanced technology attachment (Serial Advanced Technology Attachment, SATA), or high speed serial computer expansion bus standard (Peripheral Component Interconnect express, PCIe), etc.
In the above embodiments, it may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using a software program, it may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the processes or functions described in accordance with embodiments of the present application are produced in whole or in part. The computer may be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable apparatus. The computer instructions may be stored in or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another, for example, by wired (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line (digital subscriber line, simply DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means from one website, computer, server, or data center. Computer readable storage media can be any available media that can be accessed by a computer or data storage devices including one or more servers, data centers, etc. that can be integrated with the media. The usable medium may be a magnetic medium (e.g., a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., a DVD), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., a Solid State Disk (SSD)), or the like.
The fourth aspect of the present invention relates to a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, characterized in that the program when executed by a processor implements the steps of the method of the first aspect of the present invention.
Computer program instructions for carrying out operations of the present invention may be assembly instructions, instruction Set Architecture (ISA) instructions, machine-related instructions, microcode, firmware instructions, state setting data, or source or object code written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including an object oriented programming language such as Smalltalk, c++ or the like and conventional procedural programming languages, such as the "C" programming language or similar programming languages. The computer readable program instructions may be executed entirely on the user's computer, partly on the user's computer, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user's computer and partly on a remote computer or entirely on the remote computer or server. In the case of a remote computer, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer through any kind of network, including a Local Area Network (LAN) or a Wide Area Network (WAN), or may be connected to an external computer (for example, through the Internet using an Internet service provider). In some embodiments, aspects of the present invention are implemented by personalizing electronic circuitry, such as programmable logic circuitry, field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), or Programmable Logic Arrays (PLAs), with state information for computer readable program instructions, which can execute the computer readable program instructions.
Various aspects of the present invention are described herein with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer-readable program instructions.
These computer readable program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions/acts specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks. These computer readable program instructions may also be stored in a computer readable storage medium that can direct a computer, programmable data processing apparatus, and/or other devices to function in a particular manner, such that the computer readable medium having the instructions stored therein includes an article of manufacture including instructions which implement the function/act specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The computer readable program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer, other programmable data processing apparatus, or other devices to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer, other programmable apparatus or other devices to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer, other programmable apparatus or other devices implement the functions/acts specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The flowcharts and block diagrams in the figures illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present invention. In this regard, each block in the flowchart or block diagrams may represent a module, segment, or portion of instructions, which comprises one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function(s). In some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the block may occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, two blocks shown in succession may, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality involved. It will also be noted that each block of the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, can be implemented by special purpose hardware-based systems which perform the specified functions or acts, or combinations of special purpose hardware and computer instructions.
Compared with the prior art, the routing method, the system, the device and the medium for the grid connection of the roof photovoltaic power station have the beneficial effects that a greedy algorithm and an ant colony algorithm can be adopted to realize the rapid and optimal route searching between the photovoltaic inverter and the platform area fusion terminal. The method is effective and reliable, the algorithm is fast converged, and the optimal path of the photovoltaic inverter participating in grid-connected regulation can be accurately judged from various different network operation performances such as time delay, throughput, packet loss rate, data transmission rate and the like.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: modifications and equivalents may be made to the specific embodiments of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is intended to be covered by the claims.
Claims (11)
1. A routing method for grid connection of a roof-oriented photovoltaic power station, the method comprising the steps of:
step 1, carrying out path searching for each photovoltaic inverter in a platform area to obtain all paths between the current photovoltaic inverter and a platform area fusion terminal;
Step 2, collecting power line topology parameters in a station area to calculate constraint conditions of time delay, packet loss rate, throughput and data transmission rate of all paths, and dividing a molecular problem by adopting the constraint conditions so as to screen out invalid paths;
and 3, traversing all paths after the invalid paths are screened out by adopting an ant colony algorithm, and obtaining the optimal path of each photovoltaic inverter in the platform area.
2. A method of routing a roof-oriented photovoltaic power plant grid-tie as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
any one of the paths comprises a connection mode from a photovoltaic inverter to a photovoltaic grid-connected breaker, from the photovoltaic grid-connected breaker to a low-voltage intelligent breaker of a platform area and from the low-voltage intelligent breaker of the platform area to a fusion terminal of the platform area;
the system comprises a photovoltaic inverter, a photovoltaic grid-connected breaker, a transformer area low-voltage intelligent breaker and a transformer area fusion terminal, wherein the photovoltaic inverter is communicated with the photovoltaic grid-connected breaker in an RS485 mode, and the photovoltaic grid-connected breaker is communicated with the transformer area low-voltage intelligent breaker and the transformer area fusion terminal in a power line carrier mode.
3. A method of routing a roof-oriented photovoltaic power plant grid-tie as claimed in claim 2, wherein:
The power line topology parameters at least comprise a connection mode, a communication distance, a coupling mode and pulse interference among the photovoltaic grid-connected circuit breakers, the low-voltage intelligent circuit breakers of the transformer areas and the fusion terminals of the transformer areas;
the constraint conditions of all paths are obtained through calculation based on the power line topology parameters.
4. A method of routing a roof-oriented photovoltaic plant grid as claimed in claim 3, wherein:
the delay D (P (a, b)) of the path P (a, b) is calculated in such a way that
Wherein E is s For the transmission delay on a single path segment in path P (a, b),
E H for clock skew on a single path segment in path P (a, b),
E PG for propagation delays on a single path segment in path P (a, b),
i is the number of a single path segment in path P (a, b),
the number of individual path segments in the I path P (a, b).
5. A method of routing a roof-oriented photovoltaic power plant grid as set forth in claim 4 wherein:
the transmission delay on the single path segment is obtained based on a deviation between an parsing time of a first non-zero data bit of a frame control field in an MPDU of a central beacon and a device reference time;
the clock offset on the single path segment is obtained based on clock synchronization deviation of intelligent electric meters on two ends of the single path segment;
The propagation delay is estimated based on the power line topology parameters.
6. A method of routing a roof-oriented photovoltaic power plant grid as set forth in claim 5 wherein:
respectively taking the constraint condition of time delay, the constraint condition of packet loss rate, the constraint condition of throughput and the constraint condition of data transmission rate as sub-problems of a greedy algorithm, and solving the optimal solution of the sub-problems;
and screening out invalid paths which do not meet constraint conditions in the solving process and storing an effective path set.
7. A method of routing a roof-oriented photovoltaic power plant grid as set forth in claim 6 wherein:
generating a new network topology model between the photovoltaic inverter and the platform area fusion terminal based on the screened invalid path;
and searching an optimal path from the network topology model by adopting an ant colony algorithm.
8. A method of routing a roof-oriented photovoltaic power plant grid as set forth in claim 7 wherein:
the heuristic function of the ant colony algorithm is that
Wherein t is the moment of the ant colony algorithm,
r (t) is the data transmission rate of the current path at time t,
d (t) is the delay of the current path at time t,
b (t) is the packet loss rate of the current path at the moment t.
9. A roof-oriented photovoltaic power plant grid-tie routing system employing the method of any one of claims 1-8, characterized by:
the system comprises a platform area fusion terminal, a platform area low-voltage intelligent breaker, a photovoltaic grid-connected breaker and a photovoltaic inverter, wherein the platform area fusion terminal, the platform area low-voltage intelligent breaker and the photovoltaic grid-connected breaker are connected through power lines, and the photovoltaic inverter is connected with the photovoltaic grid-connected breaker in an RS485 mode;
the intelligent ammeter is deployed on the local areas of the low-voltage intelligent circuit breaker of the transformer area and the photovoltaic grid-connected circuit breaker;
the system also comprises a path searching module, a screening module and an acquisition module; wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,
the path searching module is used for searching paths for each photovoltaic inverter in the transformer area so as to acquire all paths between the current photovoltaic inverter and the transformer area fusion terminal;
the screening module is used for collecting power line topology parameters in the platform area to calculate constraint conditions of time delay, packet loss rate, throughput and data transmission rate of all paths, and screening invalid paths by adopting the constraint conditions to divide the problem;
the acquisition module is used for traversing all paths after the invalid paths are screened out by adopting an ant colony algorithm, and acquiring the optimal path of each photovoltaic inverter in the platform area.
10. An apparatus comprising a processor and a storage medium; the method is characterized in that:
the storage medium is used for storing instructions;
the processor being operative according to the instructions to perform the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1-8.
11. Computer readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, characterized in that the program, when being executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method according to any of claims 1-8.
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| CN117808630B (en) * | 2024-02-29 | 2024-05-28 | 深圳市同昌汇能科技发展有限公司 | Management method of photovoltaic monitoring sensing terminal |
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| CN117808630A (en) * | 2024-02-29 | 2024-04-02 | 深圳市同昌汇能科技发展有限公司 | Management method of photovoltaic monitoring sensing terminal |
| CN117808630B (en) * | 2024-02-29 | 2024-05-28 | 深圳市同昌汇能科技发展有限公司 | Management method of photovoltaic monitoring sensing terminal |
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