CN116513639A - 用于自动临床分析仪中使用的试剂容器的试剂组分分配盖 - Google Patents
用于自动临床分析仪中使用的试剂容器的试剂组分分配盖 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明描述了一种自动试剂分配盖(10)和在自动临床分析仪中使用的方法,用于将容纳在试剂分配盖中的一种或多种试剂组分引入封闭另一种试剂组分的容器(72)中,其结合以得到用于诊断测试的试剂。
Description
本申请是申请号为2017800493903、申请日为2017年8月7日、发明名称为“用于自动临床分析仪中使用的试剂容器的试剂组分分配盖”的专利申请的分案申请。
技术领域
本发明涉及体外诊断(IVD)测试程序。更具体地,本发明提供了用于试剂容器的试剂组分分配盖,该试剂容器用于储存和混合在诊断测试中使用并在自动临床分析仪中实施的试剂的试剂组分。本发明还提供了使用试剂分配盖的方法。
背景技术
目前可用的体外诊断(IVD)测试程序受到许多步骤的阻碍,这些步骤涉及在可以制备用于液体和/或粉末形式的试剂之前的手动干预。例如,在诊断测试实验室中,在使用用于样本测试(通常是患者体液,例如全血、血浆、血清、尿液、脑脊髓液等)的试剂之前,医务人员从单独的小瓶/瓶子中收集不同的试剂组分,使用移液管将一定体积的稀释剂吸移到粉末试剂的小瓶中或具有浓缩液体试剂的小瓶中,等待一定时间重构,最后通过例如摇动、搅拌或旋转手动混合试剂。这种手动过程降低了诊断测试完成的速度,增加了人为错误和操作员被潜在有毒化学品污染的风险,并提高了封装成本。
除了上述在试剂制备中的缺点之外,当试剂容器放入临床分析仪中时,试剂容器(例如小瓶或瓶子)中的试剂组分易于蒸发。试剂的蒸发损害了试剂稳定性的一致性并浪费了试剂。更重要的是,试剂的蒸发损害了临床分析仪所得结果的一致性,并且结果不可靠。因此,需要改进用于储存和混合用于在自动临床分析仪中实施的诊断测试的试剂组分的试剂容器。还需要改进试剂制备过程并改进用于自动临床分析仪中的IVD应用的试剂容器的使用效率。下面描述解决这些缺点的试剂封装解决方案。
发明内容
本文描述了一种试剂封装解决方案,其能够多组分储存、储存组分自动重构和混合,以及防止储存组分蒸发。
在一个方面,本发明涉及一种用于在自动临床分析仪中储存和分配试剂组分的装置。根据本发明该方面的装置包括壳体,该壳体具有第一端和相邻的第一开口、第二端和相邻的第二开口、以及沿着壳体的内表面的至少一部分延伸的内螺纹。壳体限定具有位于壳体第一端与第二端之间的管腔的腔室。位于壳体的第一端处的圆柱形构件包括第一端和第二端。圆柱形构件具有外螺纹,用于至少与壳体的内螺纹配合。圆柱形构件可在壳体的内螺纹上旋转,并可从壳体的第一端朝向壳体的第二端转移。在本发明该方面的一个实施例中,密封件跨越腔室在壳体的第二端与圆柱形构件的第二端之间的管腔定位。
在本发明该方面的一个实施例中,该装置包括试剂组分,该试剂组分位于腔室在密封件与圆柱形构件的第二端之间的管腔中。在一个实施例中,致动器可操作地定位在圆柱形构件的第一端。致动器可具有压头、针状物或可旋转的圆柱形构件。
在本发明该方面的各种实施例中,该装置包括密封件,该密封件可与圆柱形构件的第二端成为一体并连接到该圆柱形构件的第二端。连接件可位于壳体的第二端处,用于与容器配合。各种实施例中的连接件可包括螺纹、弹簧锁、配合环、接收槽、摩擦配合机构、鲁尔锁或一个或多个凸片。用于与容器配合的多个外螺纹可位于壳体的第一端的外表面上。该装置还可以具有用于可逆地密封壳体的第一开口的盖。
另一方面,本发明涉及一种用于储存和分配试剂的装置,包括壳体,该壳体具有长轴、第一端和相邻的第一开口、以及第二端和相邻的第二开口。壳体限定腔室,腔室具有位于第一端与第二端之间的管腔,以及跨越腔室的管腔定位的可变形构件。可变形构件包括刺穿探针,该刺穿探针包括位于可变形膜的最靠近壳体的第二端的一侧上的尖端。在本发明的该方面,用于密封腔室的管腔的密封件位于腔室在壳体的第二端与刺穿探针的尖端之间的管腔中。用于储存试剂的腔室位于密封件与可变形构件之间。根据本发明该方面的装置包括在所述壳体的第二端处的连接件,用于与容器配合。连接件是弹簧锁定机构、摩擦配合机构、螺纹、一个或多个凸片、接收槽、配合环、以及鲁尔锁或一个或多个槽。根据本发明该方面的装置还可以具有用于可逆地密封壳体的第一开口的盖和用于致动该装置的压头。
在另一方面,本发明涉及一种用于储存和分配试剂的装置,包括如上所述的圆筒形壳体和位于腔室的管腔内并可横向滑动的塞子。塞子在塞子中限定通孔,该通孔平行于壳体的长轴。通孔包括用于储存诸如试剂组分的物质的储存器。当通孔与腔室的管腔对准时,物质从储存器释放。根据本发明该方面的装置包括壳体第二端处的连接件,用于与容器配合。各种实施例中的连接件是弹簧锁定机构、摩擦配合机构、螺纹、一个或多个凸片、接收槽、配合环、鲁尔锁或一个或多个凸片。
在另一方面,根据本文所述装置的各种实施例,本发明涉及一种用于将试剂组分储存在试剂分配盖中并自动混合试剂组分以在自动临床分析仪中制备诊断试剂的方法。
附图说明
图1A示出了根据本发明的实施例的可释放地连接到容器的示例性试剂分配盖的纵向横切面;
图1B示出了根据本发明的实施例的图1A中所示的试剂分配盖的壳体和圆柱形构件的分解图的横切面;
图1C示出了根据本发明的实施例的图1A中所示的包括连接到容器的顶部的示例性密封件的试剂分配盖的壳体的局部横切面;
图2A示出了根据本发明实施例的示例性试剂分配盖的局部横切面,示出了设置在位于圆柱形构件的第二端与密封件之间的腔室中的第一试剂组分;
图2B示出了根据本发明实施例的示例性试剂分配盖的局部横切面,示出了泡罩包装(blister pack),其保持设置在位于圆柱形构件的第二端与密封件之间的腔室中的第一试剂组分;
图2C示出了根据本发明的实施例的示例性试剂分配盖的局部横切面,其中第一试剂组分分布在圆柱形构件的端部上;
图3A是根据本发明的试剂分配盖的横切面图,示出了根据本发明的一个实施例,通过施加到圆柱形构件的第一端的压头,圆柱形构件朝向图1A中所示的容纳在密封件与圆柱形构件的第二端之间的第一试剂组分的轴向旋转;
图3B示出了根据本发明的实施例的示例性试剂分配盖的局部横切面,示出了设置在位于包括针状物的可变形膜与密封件之间的腔室中的第一试剂组分;
图4A示出了根据本发明的实施例的示例性试剂分配盖的横切面,该试剂分配盖包括轴向定位在圆柱形构件的第二端处的针状物;
图4B是根据本发明的试剂分配盖的局部横切面图,示出了根据本发明的一个实施例,通过施加到圆柱形构件的第一端的压头,圆柱形构件朝向图4A中所示的容纳在密封件与圆柱形构件的第二端之间的第一试剂组分的轴向旋转;
图5A示出了根据本发明的试剂分配盖的另一个实施例,该试剂分配盖包括无螺纹壳体和无螺纹圆柱形构件;
图5B示出了图5A中所示的试剂分配盖的致动,通过将压头施加到圆柱形构件的第一端以将圆柱形构件的相对端推入相连容器的管腔中而将第一试剂组分分配到容器中;
图6A示出了根据本发明的试剂分配盖的又一个实施例,其中壳体包括滑动件;
图6B示出了图6A中所示的滑动件的致动,用于将第一试剂组分释放到相连容器的管腔中。
具体实施方式
下面描述一种自动试剂分配盖,用于分别储存和自动分配至少一种储存的组分以与另一种储存的组分结合以制备诊断分析中使用的试剂,以及用于在自动临床分析仪中使用时分配储存的组分的方法,自动临床分析仪包括止血分析仪、免疫测定分析仪、化学分析仪等。储存的试剂组分(即,一种或多种试剂组分)自由地容纳在试剂分配盖中,或者容纳在使用膜(例如,可刺穿的膜)的初级包装(诸如小袋、泡罩包装、药丸、袋)中,或者容纳在含有一种或多种试剂组分的安瓿中。储存的试剂组分可以是液体形式(例如,浓缩物)、凝胶形式或干组分的形式(例如粉末、片剂、冻干或颗粒形式)。
根据本发明的试剂分配盖中储存的试剂组分以防止氧气或水分影响所储存的试剂组分的化学或物理性质的方式储存。在一个实施例中,密封盖设置在盖的一端上,以使储存在盖中的试剂组分与盖周围的外部环境之间的接触最小化。以这种方式储存试剂组分使由蒸发造成的试剂组分的损失最小化。
根据本发明的试剂分配盖设置在容器上,该容器容纳液体、凝胶或干组分(例如粉末、片剂、冻干或颗粒形式)形式的第二试剂组分。试剂分配盖的内容物通过打开机制分配到与试剂分配盖连接的容器中,打开机制例如但不限于旋转或推动分配盖或由柱塞(例如压头)致动分配盖的一部分,以打破在分配盖和容器之间的密封件(例如弹性膜),以将储存的组分从分配盖释放到与分配盖连接的容器中。本发明考虑了试剂分配盖中的组分以及将与试剂盖组分混合的容器中的组分的各种组合和布置。
通过参考以下描述和权利要求,这些和其他目的以及本文描述的本发明的优点和特征将变得显而易见。此外,应当理解,本文描述的各种组分的特征不是相互排斥的,而是可以以各种组合和置换的形式存在。
在一个方面,本发明涉及一种用于将至少一种试剂储存和自动分配到容器中以与容器中的另一组分结合以制备用于自动临床分析仪的诊断试剂的装置,自动临床分析仪例如为止血分析仪、(仪器实验室公司,贝德福德,马萨诸塞州(InstrumentationLaboratory Company,Bedford,MA))。
参照图1A-图1C,根据本发明的自动试剂分配盖10包括圆筒形壳体12,圆筒形壳体12具有第一端20和相邻的第一开口21、第二端22和相邻的第二开口23。壳体12限定具有在第一端20和第二端22之间的管腔24的腔室62。腔室62可以从壳体12的第一端20延伸到第二端22,或者可以被限制朝向壳体12的第二端22,如下面更详细地描述的。在本发明的一个实施例中,密封盖100位于壳体12的第一端20上。
在根据本发明的一个实施例中,腔室62储存第一试剂组分,当第一试剂组分与储存在相连容器72中的第二试剂组分混合时,形成用于诊断分析的试剂。壳体12还包括内螺纹30,内螺纹30沿着壳体的内壁延伸,优选地但不限于从壳体10的第一端20延伸到第二端22。
继续参照图1A和图1B,在本发明的一个实施例中,试剂分配盖10还包括圆柱形构件40,圆柱形构件40具有长轴和靠近壳体12的第一开口21的第一端42和与第一端42相对的第二端44。圆柱形构件40位于管腔24内并且沿着壳体12的长轴取向。圆柱形构件40包括外螺纹50,外螺纹50布置成与壳体12的内螺纹30配合。圆柱形构件40可在壳体12的内螺纹30上或周围旋转。圆柱形构件40的外螺纹50与壳体12的螺纹30的配合防止盖10中的试剂内容物暴露于外部成分(例如水分或氧气),以及防止壳体12中试剂内容物的蒸发。
参照图1A-图1C,密封盖100另外防止或最小化腔室62中的试剂组分与盖10周围的外部环境中的氧气或水分接触。密封盖100还使试剂分配盖10中的试剂组分的蒸发最小化。
如图1C所示,在本发明的一个实施例中,试剂分配盖10还包括密封件60,例如位于圆筒形壳体12的腔室62的第二端22处的易碎膜。密封件60防止腔室62的内容物与储存在相连容器72中的第二试剂组分混合。在该实施例中,圆柱形构件40的第二端44与密封件60之间的空间限定腔室62的边界。
如图2A所示,在一个实施例中,腔室62容纳自由设置的试剂的液体或粉末状第一组分。或者,现在参照图2B,腔室62容纳包装64(诸如小包),例如含有第一试剂组分的泡罩包装或安瓿。或者,如图2C所示,例如,通过涂覆第二端44的表面,或将试剂组分封闭在连接到圆柱形构件40的第二端44的箔43中,将第一试剂组分分布在圆柱形构件40的第二端44上。
参照图3A和图3B,在其他实施例中,一种或多种试剂组分分布在试剂分配盖中的包装,例如小袋、药丸或袋中。在一种或多种试剂组分储存在包装中的情况下,可以通过活塞,例如圆柱形构件40,刺穿探针74(例如,针状物),或通过扭转试剂分配盖10(例如,盖10的旋转运动)将包装破裂,下面将更详细地讨论。
现在参照图3A,在本发明的一个实施例中,通过将压头70施加到圆柱形构件40的第一端42,经由配合的圆柱形构件的外螺纹50与壳体12的内螺纹30,将试剂分配盖10的圆柱形构件40致动以朝向与试剂分配盖10连接的容器72轴向旋转。如图3A所示,圆柱形构件40压缩腔室62的内容物,从而使密封件60破裂,以将腔室62的内容物释放到容器72中,在容器72中,腔室62的内容物与第二试剂组分接触。
或者,参照图3B,用于储存试剂组分的腔室62由腔室62朝向圆柱形构件40的第二端44的一侧上的可变形隔膜80以及通过腔室62的相对侧上的密封件60(例如,可刺穿膜)界定。在本发明的一个实施例中,可变形隔膜80包括刺穿探针74,刺穿探针74包括朝向密封件60轴向延伸的尖锐尖端(例如,针状物)。
在图4A和图4B所示的本发明的一个实施例中,圆柱形构件40包括刺穿探针74,刺穿探针74包括轴向设置在圆柱形构件40的第二端44处的尖锐尖端,例如针状物。当圆柱形构件40通过压头70朝向密封件60旋转时,如图4B中最佳所示,密封件60或包装(例如泡罩包装或小袋64)被刺穿并且其内容物被释放到容器72中,在容器72内容物与容纳在容器72中的第二试剂组分接触。
在试剂分配盖10的又一个实施例中,参见图5A和图5B,壳体12和圆柱形构件40没有螺纹。在该实施例中,圆柱形构件40包括位于壳体12的第二端22的一部分处的整体腔室80。整体腔室80容纳第一试剂组分。密封件60设置腔室80在壳体12的第二端22处的容器侧。将压头70施加到圆柱形构件40的第一端42,并轴向地将圆柱形构件40朝向容器72轴向推动,直到腔室80的密封件60被引入容器72的管腔中,在其中释放腔室80的内容物并使该内容物与容器72的内容物接触。
图6A-图6B示出了没有圆柱形构件的试剂分配盖10的实施例。参照图6A,该实施例中的试剂分配盖10包括具有中心轴向设置的管腔11的壳体12。壳体12包括滑动件9(例如,可滑动的塞子),其能够横向移动(箭头7),即,在垂直于壳体12的管腔11的方向上移动。例如,滑动件9可以是盘形、矩形或圆柱形。滑动件9包括一个或多个通孔,例如腔室5,用于将试剂组分容纳在试剂分配盖10中。腔室5在腔室5面向容器72的一端敞开,容器72连接到试剂分配盖10。参照图6B,当通过临床分析仪中的致动器(未示出)推动或拉动滑动件9时,腔室5可横向滑动到壳体12的管腔11中。如图6B所示,当腔室5位于管腔11中时,容纳在腔室5中的试剂组分被释放到连接到试剂分配盖10的容器72中。
试剂分配盖10可逆地连接到容器72。例如,再次参照图1A和图1B,试剂分配盖10的壳体12的第二端22包括用于将试剂分配盖10连接到容器72的连接装置75。连接件75可以是例如壳体12的第二端22上的内螺纹,该内螺纹与容器的开口端上的外螺纹配合,或者为弹簧锁、接收槽、摩擦配合、鲁尔锁、或一个或多个凸片。
例如,如图5A所示的防篡改撕开条(tamper-preventive tear strip)76可以位于试剂分配盖10与容器72之间,以防止试剂分配盖10的无意启动。
本发明提供了利用盖10中的部分(例如壳体12)进行多组分试剂储存的优点,以独立地储存一种或多种液体或干形式的试剂组分,而不会将试剂组分暴露于水分或氧气,否则会改变它们的化学或物理性质或两者,并且不会将盖10中的试剂组分与相连的容器72中的试剂组分混合。在需要时将盖10中储存的试剂组分与相连容器72中的试剂组分相混合提供了可靠产物的额外益处,因为试剂组分未预先混合并且随后储存更长的时间(这将导致试剂劣化)。
盖10的一部分(例如壳体12)中的一种或多种试剂组分在其自动分配到相连的容器72中之前的储存使壳体10中和相连容器72中组分的蒸发最小化。意外的人为干预最小化,这是因为分别储存在壳体12和容器72中的试剂组分的释放和混合是自动的。本文所述的发明使由于所制备的试剂的长期储存和降解以及由于人为干预引起的试剂组分的意外损失所造成的分析结果中的误差最小化。这些特征增加了试剂和患者样本分析的成本效益。
例证
用于自动临床止血分析仪器中止血测试的示例性双室试剂混合容器
上述根据本发明的试剂分配盖的具体非限制性实例是用于通过自动止血分析仪器进行凝血酶原时间((prothrombin time)PT)测试的试剂分配盖。用于PT测试的试剂包含两种组分:稀释剂和浓缩的PT试剂。稀释剂与PT试剂之间的体积比为19:1。每个PT测试需要100μl稀释的PT试剂。用于自动临床分析仪中的PT测试的试剂分配盖通常需要约500至约1000PT测试。1000PT测试试剂分配盖需要约100ml稀释的PT试剂,即95ml稀释剂和5ml浓缩的PT试剂。在本文公开的示例性试剂盖中,例如图1中所示的试剂盖和容器,容器72(试剂分配盖向其中排空)的容积将大于100ml,并且最初含有95ml的稀释剂。试剂盖的腔室含有5ml浓缩的PT试剂。在通过上述实施例中描述的圆柱形构件致动时,将5ml浓缩的PT试剂引入容器中并与保持在容器72中的第二试剂组分接触。因此实现了具有自动化试剂制备的独立(self-contained)PT试剂分配盖10,其可持续用于约1000PT分析。
用于自动临床分析仪中分析物测试的示例性双室试剂混合容器
例如,根据本发明的试剂分配盖的第二非限制性实例是用于止血质量控制(QC)试剂的分配盖。具有已知分析测试结果的特别制备的冻干血浆样本将用作QC试剂。QC试剂储存在与试剂分配盖连接的容器中。去离子水储存在试剂分配盖的腔室中。在使用之前,将去离子水从试剂分配盖中的腔室引入保持冻干的QC试剂的容器中。
Claims (20)
1.一种装置,包括:
壳体,其具有沿所述壳体的中心轴线延伸并且延伸到试剂容器的内部的第一管腔,所述壳体具有第二管腔,所述第一管腔具有第一开口并且所述第二管腔具有第二开口,所述第一开口垂直于所述第二开口;
滑动件,其包括含有试剂的一个或多个腔室,
其中,所述滑动件至少部分布置在所述第二管腔内,并且
能够在所述第二管腔内滑动以在第一位置和第二位置之间移动,其中,在所述第一位置处,含有所述试剂的所述一个或多个腔室不与所述第一管腔对准,并且
其中,在所述第二位置处,所述一个或多个腔室与所述第一管腔对准,以产生穿过所述第一管腔、穿过所述一个或多个腔室、并进入所述试剂容器的内部的流动路径。
2.如权利要求1所述的装置,还包括连接装置,所述连接装置用于将所述壳体连接到所述试剂容器。
3.如权利要求2所述的装置,其中,所述连接装置包括弹簧锁机构、摩擦配合机构、螺纹、一个或多个凸片、接收槽、配合环、或者鲁尔锁。
4.如权利要求1所述的装置,其中,所述滑动件包括能够滑动的塞子。
5.如权利要求1所述的装置,其中,所述滑动件为盘形、矩形或圆柱形。
6.如权利要求1所述的装置,其中,所述一个或多个腔室构造成防止所述试剂暴露于氧气和水分中的至少一者。
7.如权利要求2所述的装置,其中,所述连接装置包括在所述壳体上的螺纹,所述壳体上的螺纹与所述试剂容器上的互补螺纹相配合。
8.如权利要求7所述的装置,其中,所述滑动件包括能够滑动的塞子。
9.如权利要求8所述的装置,其中,所述滑动件为盘形、矩形或者圆柱形。
10.如权利要求9所述的装置,其中,所述腔室构造成防止所述试剂暴露于氧气和水分中的至少一者。
11.如权利要求10所述的装置,其中,所述试剂包括液体。
12.如权利要求1所述的装置,还包括:
条带,其在所述第二管腔的至少一部分上且围绕所述壳体的至少一部分,所述条带为能够移除的。
13.如权利要求2所述的装置,还包括:
条带,其在所述第二管腔的至少一部分上且围绕所述壳体的至少一部分,所述条带为能够移除的。
14.一种使用如权利要求1所述的装置的方法,所述方法包括:
将所述试剂储存在所述一个或多个腔室中的腔室中;以及
将所述滑动件在所述第二管腔内移动到所述第二位置,从而使得所述腔室与所述第一管腔对准,以产生穿过所述第一管腔、穿过所述腔室、并进入所述试剂容器的内部的流动路径。
15.如权利要求14所述的方法,还包括使所述滑动件与致动器接触来实施所述移动。
16.如权利要求14所述的方法,还包括使用连接装置将所述壳体连接到所述试剂容器。
17.如权利要求16所述的装置,其中,所述连接装置包括弹簧锁机构、摩擦配合机构、螺纹、一个或多个凸片、接收槽、配合环、或者鲁尔锁。
18.如权利要求14所述的装置,其中,所述滑动件包括能够滑动的塞子。
19.如权利要求14所述的装置,其中,所述滑动件为盘形、矩形或者圆柱形。
20.如权利要求14所述的装置,其中,将所述试剂储存在所述腔室中防止了所述试剂暴露于氧气和水分中的至少一者。
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PCT/US2017/045695 WO2018031449A1 (en) | 2016-08-11 | 2017-08-07 | Reagent component dispensing caps for reagent containers used in automated clinical analyzers |
CN201780049390.3A CN109562874A (zh) | 2016-08-11 | 2017-08-07 | 用于自动临床分析仪中使用的试剂容器的试剂组分分配盖 |
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