CN116499931A - Test system capable of simulating influence of underground facility construction on groundwater seepage and test method thereof - Google Patents
Test system capable of simulating influence of underground facility construction on groundwater seepage and test method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116499931A CN116499931A CN202310207215.XA CN202310207215A CN116499931A CN 116499931 A CN116499931 A CN 116499931A CN 202310207215 A CN202310207215 A CN 202310207215A CN 116499931 A CN116499931 A CN 116499931A
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 226
- 244000035744 Hura crepitans Species 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004746 geotextile Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009172 bursting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013480 data collection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N13/00—Investigating surface or boundary effects, e.g. wetting power; Investigating diffusion effects; Analysing materials by determining surface, boundary, or diffusion effects
- G01N13/04—Investigating osmotic effects
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Abstract
The invention discloses a test system capable of simulating the influence of underground facility construction on groundwater seepage, which comprises a water tank sand box, a pressure-stabilizing water supply system and a ground stress simulation system, wherein the water tank sand box is sequentially divided into an upstream water tank, a middle sand box and a downstream water tank through a permeable partition plate, the upstream water tank is connected with the pressure-stabilizing water supply system, water of the pressure-stabilizing water supply system sequentially passes through the upstream water tank, the middle sand box and the downstream water tank, the middle sand box is provided with an underground transportation facility model, a soil sample is surrounded by the underground transportation facility model, the middle sand box is provided with an air bag and an air bag loading counter-force plate, the air bag is positioned between the air bag loading counter-force plate and the soil sample, the ground stress simulation system continuously applies air pressure to the air bag, and the air bag presses the soil sample in the middle sand box. The method is suitable for the actual engineering of tunnel structures and the indoor simulation of complex working conditions, and can be used for researching the influence rules of the construction of underground traffic facilities (tunnels, stations and the like) under different permeable layers, ground stress and water pressure conditions on the groundwater seepage paths, downstream groundwater levels and water quantity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of groundwater protection, in particular to a test system and a test method capable of simulating the influence of underground facility construction on groundwater seepage.
Background
With the rapid development of urban modernization, the urban ground traffic is increasingly stressed by the highly dense floating population, and the development of subways is an important way for improving urban traffic at present. Groundwater environment is formed by long-term geologic evolution, and is also an important factor for forming surface ecology and human living environment. Currently, subway engineering planning of most cities in urban central areas, complex underground environments and hydrogeological conditions bring great challenges to subway construction. On one hand, the underground water can seriously influence the bearing capacity of surrounding rocks in a softer soil zone, so that the stability of the surrounding rocks is reduced; the problem of water leakage in the tunnel is a great difficulty in underground facility construction, the possibility of water and mud bursting in the construction process is increased, and the underground water rushes into the construction tunnel to influence engineering construction and even threaten the life safety of constructors. On the other hand, the underground facility construction of the subway can influence the distribution condition of underground seepage fields, change the supply, runoff and drainage paths of karst water, and influence the normal gushing of underground water level and spring water; the wastewater produced during construction may also contaminate the underground and surrounding bodies of water. Therefore, how to protect the groundwater environment and reduce the risk of subway construction in the construction process is an important problem for urban subway construction.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a test system and a test method capable of simulating the influence of underground facility construction on groundwater seepage, which are suitable for the actual engineering of a tunnel structure and the indoor simulation of complex working conditions, and can be used for researching the influence rules of underground traffic facilities (tunnels, stations and the like) construction on groundwater seepage paths, downstream groundwater levels and water quantity under different permeable layers, ground stress and water pressure conditions.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a but test system of underground facilities construction to groundwater seepage influence, including the basin sand box, steady voltage water supply system and earth stress analog system, the basin sand box divide into the upper reaches water tank through the baffle that permeates water in proper order, middle part sand box and low reaches water tank, steady voltage water supply system is connected to the upper reaches water tank, steady voltage water supply system's water passes through the upper reaches water tank in proper order, middle part sand box and low reaches water tank, the underground transportation facility model is placed to the middle part sand box, underground transportation facility model encloses the soil sample, the middle part sand box is equipped with gasbag and gasbag loading counter-force board, the gasbag is located between gasbag loading counter-force board and the soil sample, earth stress analog system is last to the gasbag applied atmospheric pressure, the gasbag is exerted the soil sample in the middle part sand box.
The water tank sand box consists of an upstream water tank, a downstream water tank and a middle sand box, and the three parts are separated by a permeable partition plate so as to ensure that water flow normally seeps into the sand box and truly simulate the seepage condition of underground water. The two sides and the front side of the sand box of the sealing water tank are provided with observation windows for observing the water level in the water tank and the groundwater seepage condition of the stratum. In order to ensure the stability of the simulated water pressure, a pressure-stabilizing water supply system is adopted to simulate the action of the pressure-bearing water, so that the upstream water pressure condition is controlled. The ground stress simulation system air bags provide pressure to simulate different ground stress conditions. Different soil samples are prepared according to the grain composition and the plasticity index, and the conditions of different permeable layers are simulated by changing the sand and soil components in the sand box. The influence of tunnels of different shapes and sizes and station construction on groundwater seepage is simulated by adopting different underground traffic facility models.
Further, the water permeable partition plate is provided with water permeable holes, and the water permeable holes are provided with geotechnical cloth. Geotextile treatment is applied to prevent the soil sample in the middle flask from recharging to the upstream tank and from flowing with the water source to the downstream tank water permeable holes.
Further, both ends of the water tank sand box are respectively provided with a water tank outer wall observation window, and the water permeable partition plate is provided with a water tank inner wall observation window. Groundwater seepage conditions of different permeable layers can be observed through an upstream water tank observation window, and water level of a downstream water tank can be observed through a downstream water tank observation window.
Further, the downstream water tank is provided with a water outlet, and the water outlet is connected with a downstream water valve. The water in the downstream water tank is discharged through the water outlet, and the water discharge speed is controlled through the downstream water valve.
Further, the pressure stabilizing water supply system is provided with a water pressure pump, and the water pressure pump is connected with the water storage pipe, so that the water pressure of the upstream water tank is controlled.
Further, the ground stress simulation system consists of a pneumatic pump and an air bag, wherein the pneumatic pump is connected with the air bag, and the ground stress condition of the upper part of the sand box is controlled by adjusting the pneumatic pressure.
Further, the bottom of the water tank sand box is provided with the support Ma Lun, so that the whole test system can be moved conveniently.
Further, a pore water pressure gauge and a soil pressure gauge are arranged in the middle sand box. Pore water and earth pressure gauges record data.
A test method of a test system capable of simulating the influence of underground facility construction on groundwater seepage flow comprises the following steps:
step 1, configuring an experimental soil sample according to actual working conditions;
step 2, uniformly placing a pore water pressure gauge and a soil pressure gauge, filling sand with grain composition into a middle sand box, and starting to collect data after balancing and clearing the pore water pressure gauge and the soil pressure gauge;
step 3, opening a pressure stabilizing water supply system and a ground stress simulation system, introducing water and maintaining upstream water pressure to enable the water to fill the whole sand box, and maintaining for X hours;
step 4, opening the downstream water discharging valve until the downstream water level reaches the position required by setting the hydraulic gradient, determining through an observation window of the downstream water tank, keeping the water level of the upstream water tank and the downstream water tank to perform underground stable flow, measuring the water head difference delta H and the water discharge Q, solving the hydraulic gradient i and the seepage velocity V between two adjacent equal water level lines,
i＝ΔH/L (1)
V＝Q/A/t (2)
wherein L is the length of the middle sand box, A is the water-through section of the middle sand box, t is the time, and the seepage coefficient K of seepage in the sand box can be calculated by utilizing a seepage formula;
K＝V/i (3)
step 5, finishing data acquisition of the pore water pressure gauge and the soil pressure gauge, analyzing experimental data, closing a stable water supply system, draining water in the test box, closing a downstream water valve, and shoveling out sand in the sand box;
step 6, placing the underground transportation facility model at a preset position in the sand box, and repeating the experimental steps 2-5 to obtain the rule of influence of underground transportation facility construction on groundwater seepage;
and 7, replacing the soil sample in the middle sand box, and repeating the steps 2 to 6 to obtain the influence rule of underground traffic facility construction on groundwater seepage under the condition of different permeable layers.
Preferably, the water pressure and soil pressure loading in the step 3 are changed, and the influence of underground traffic facility construction on underground water seepage under different water pressure and ground stress simulation conditions is researched; and (3) changing the shape and the size of the underground transportation facility model in the step (6), and researching the influence of different types of underground transportation facility construction on underground water seepage.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention adopts the pressure-stabilizing water supply system to simulate the pressure-bearing water, is different from the innovation point of the prior free water seepage simulation experiment device, and can uncover the influence of underground traffic facilities on underground water seepage under the action of high-pressure water.
2. The invention adopts the ground stress simulation system to provide pressure for the air bag, can simulate the influence of underground traffic facilities on groundwater seepage under different ground stresses, and can realize simultaneous loading of water pressure and soil pressure by the test system.
3. The invention can simulate the influence of different types of underground traffic facility construction on underground water seepage by changing the shape and the size of the underground traffic facility model in the middle sand box.
4. The test model device can be used for researching the influence of underground transportation facilities on underground water seepage under different water permeable layers, ground stress and water pressure conditions and taking water-retaining and water-passing measures by changing the conditions, analyzing the influence rules of the underground transportation facilities on seepage paths, downstream underground water levels and water quantities, and verifying the prevention and control effects of the evaluation method and the water-retaining and water-passing design method. When the device is tested, the device is convenient to assemble, the operation steps are simple, a complete test system and a complete test method are provided for researching the influence of the construction of underground traffic facilities on the groundwater seepage in the future, and engineering technology research on groundwater protection can be promoted.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a test system that simulates the effect of underground utility construction on groundwater seepage.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the water tank flask.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the flume flask after removal of the bladder, loading of the bladder with a reaction plate, and modeling of the underground transportation facility.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the trough flask after the air bag is removed and the reaction plate is loaded.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the water stop plate of the upstream tank.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a water baffle of a downstream tank.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the placement of pore water pressure gauges and soil pressure gauges within a middle flask.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, a test system for simulating the effect of underground facility construction on groundwater seepage, comprising: the device comprises a pressure-stabilizing water supply system 1, a ground stress simulation system 2, a water inlet 3, a water tank sand box 4 and a water outlet 5, wherein the water tank sand box 4 comprises an upstream water tank 41, a middle sand box 42 and a downstream water tank 43.
The pressure-stabilizing water supply system 1 is connected with the water inlet 3 of the upstream water tank 41 through a water pipe (not shown in the figure), can continuously and stably supply water like the upstream water tank 41, and the highest water pressure can reach 0.1Mpa.
The ground stress simulation system 2 continuously and stably applies air pressure to the rectangular air bags 6 under the air bag loading counter-force plate 14, so that the ground stress effect is simulated, the soil sample in the middle sand box 42 is pressurized, and the maximum soil pressure can reach 0.1Mpa.
The upstream water tank 41 is separated from the middle sand box 42 by a water-stop plate 81, the water-stop plate 81 is shown in fig. 5, the water-permeable holes 7 on the water-stop plate 81 of the upstream water tank 41 enter the middle sand box 42, and geotechnical cloth treatment is applied to the positions of the water-permeable holes 7 in order to prevent soil samples in the middle sand box 42 from recharging the upstream water tank 41.
The underground transportation facility model 12 can be placed in the middle of the middle sand box 42, and the middle sand box 42 and the underground transportation facility model 12 are sealed by a sealing gasket, so that water in the middle sand box 42 is prevented from overflowing. The influence of different types of underground traffic construction on groundwater seepage can be simulated through the changed shape and size.
The water in the upstream water tank 41 flows through the middle sand box 42 to the downstream water tank 43, the middle sand box 42 is separated from the downstream water tank 43 by a water-stop plate 82, the water-stop plate 82 is shown in fig. 6, in order to prevent the soil sample in the middle sand box 42 from flowing to the downstream water tank 43 along with the water source, the model applies geotextile treatment at the water-permeable holes 7 of the water-stop plate 8, and the water levels of the upstream water tank 41 and the downstream water tank 43 can be seen through the tank outer wall observation window 9. The water tank outer wall observation window 9 of the upstream water tank 41 is transverse, so that groundwater seepage conditions of different water permeable layers can be conveniently observed. The water tank outer wall observation window 9 of the downstream water tank 43 is vertical, so that water level conditions can be conveniently observed.
The water in the downstream water tank 43 is discharged through the water outlet 5, and the water discharge speed can be controlled by a faucet. The bottom of the water tank sand box 4 is provided with 6 fuma wheels 13, so that the whole movement of the test system is convenient.
The embodiment provides a test system and a test method capable of simulating the influence of underground facility construction on groundwater seepage, wherein the test system comprises the following processes:
step 1, configuring an experimental soil sample according to actual working conditions;
step 2, filling the soil sample subjected to grain grading into a middle sand box 42 according to a certain compactness in a layered manner, setting a pore water pressure gauge 11 and a soil pressure gauge 10 according to fig. 7, and repeating filling of each layer to a designed depth; the pore water pressure meter 11 and the soil pressure meter 10 are cleared in balance and then data collection is started;
step 3, opening the pressure stabilizing water supply system 1 and the ground stress simulation system 2, introducing water and maintaining the upstream water pressure to enable the water to fill the whole sand box, and maintaining for X hours;
step 4, opening the downstream water discharging valve until the downstream water level reaches the position required by setting the hydraulic gradient, determining through an observation window of the downstream water tank, keeping the water level of the upstream water tank and the downstream water tank to perform underground stable flow, measuring the water head difference delta H and the water discharge Q, solving the hydraulic gradient i and the seepage velocity V between two adjacent equal water level lines,
i＝ΔH/L (1)
V＝Q/A/t (2)
wherein L is the length (m) of the middle flask 42, A is the water passage cross section (m 2 ) T is time (d), and the seepage coefficient K (m/d) of seepage in the sandbox can be calculated by utilizing a seepage formula;
K＝V/i (3)
and 5, finishing data acquisition of the pore water pressure gauge and the soil pressure gauge, analyzing experimental data, closing the pressure stabilizing water supply device and the ground stress simulation device, evacuating water in the test box, closing the downstream water valve, and shoveling out a sand box soil sample.
And 6, placing the underground transportation facility model 12 at a preset position in the sand box, and repeating the experimental steps 2-5 to obtain the rule of influence of underground transportation facility construction on groundwater seepage.
And 7, replacing the soil sample in the middle sand box 42, and repeating 2-6 to obtain the influence rule of underground traffic facility construction on groundwater seepage under the condition of different permeable beds.
The influence of underground traffic facility construction on underground water seepage under the simulation conditions of different water pressures and ground stress can be studied by changing the water pressure and soil pressure loading in the step 3; by changing the shape and size of the underground transportation facility model 12 in step 6, the effect of different types of underground transportation facility construction on groundwater seepage can be studied.
The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the technical features of the present invention are not limited thereto. Any simple changes, equivalent substitutions or modifications made on the basis of the present invention to solve the substantially same technical problems and achieve the substantially same technical effects are encompassed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. Can simulate test system of underground facilities construction to groundwater seepage flow influence, its characterized in that: including basin sand box, steady voltage water supply system and earth stress analog system, the basin sand box divide into upstream water tank, middle part sand box and low reaches water tank in proper order through the baffle that permeates water, the upstream water tank is connected steady voltage water supply system, steady voltage water supply system's water passes through in proper order the upstream water tank middle part sand box with the low reaches water tank, the underground transportation facility model is placed to the middle part sand box, underground transportation facility model encloses has the soil sample, the middle part sand box is equipped with gasbag and gasbag loading counter-force board, the gasbag is located the gasbag loading counter-force board with between the soil sample, earth stress analog system is last to the gasbag applys atmospheric pressure, the gasbag is right in the middle part sand box the soil sample is exerted pressure.
2. A test system for simulating the effect of underground utility construction on groundwater seepage according to claim 1, wherein: the water permeable partition plate is provided with water permeable holes, and geotechnical cloth is arranged in the water permeable holes.
3. A test system for simulating the effect of underground utility construction on groundwater seepage according to claim 1, wherein: the two ends of the water tank sand box are respectively provided with a water tank outer wall observation window, and the water permeable partition plate is provided with a water tank inner wall observation window.
4. A test system for simulating the effect of underground utility construction on groundwater seepage according to claim 1, wherein: the downstream water tank is provided with a water outlet, and the water outlet is connected with a downstream water valve.
5. A test system for simulating the effect of underground utility construction on groundwater seepage according to claim 1, wherein: the pressure stabilizing water supply system is provided with a water pump, the water pump is connected with a water storage pipe, and the water storage pipe is connected with an upstream water tank.
6. A test system for simulating the effect of underground utility construction on groundwater seepage according to claim 1, wherein: the ground stress simulation system is provided with a pneumatic pump, and the pneumatic pump is connected with an air bag.
7. A test system for simulating the effect of underground utility construction on groundwater seepage according to claim 1, wherein: and the bottom of the water tank sand box is provided with a sink Ma Lun.
8. A test system for simulating the effect of underground utility construction on groundwater seepage according to claim 1, wherein: and a pore water pressure gauge and a soil pressure gauge are arranged in the middle sand box.
9. A test method of a test system for simulating the effect of underground utility construction on groundwater seepage according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein:
step 1, configuring an experimental soil sample according to actual working conditions;
step 2, uniformly placing a pore water pressure gauge and a soil pressure gauge, filling sand with grain composition into a middle sand box, and starting to collect data after balancing and clearing the pore water pressure gauge and the soil pressure gauge;
step 3, opening a pressure stabilizing water supply system and a ground stress simulation system, introducing water and maintaining upstream water pressure to enable the water to fill the whole sand box, and maintaining for X hours;
step 4, opening the downstream water discharging valve until the downstream water level reaches the position required by setting the hydraulic gradient, determining through an observation window of the downstream water tank, keeping the water level of the upstream water tank and the downstream water tank to perform underground stable flow, measuring the water head difference delta H and the water discharge Q, solving the hydraulic gradient i and the seepage velocity V between two adjacent equal water level lines,
i ＝ ΔH/L (1)
V ＝Q/A/t (2)
wherein L is the length of the middle sand box, A is the water-through section of the middle sand box, t is the time, and the seepage coefficient K of seepage in the sand box can be calculated by utilizing a seepage formula;
K＝ V/ i (3)
step 5, finishing data acquisition of the pore water pressure gauge and the soil pressure gauge, analyzing experimental data, closing the pressure stabilizing water supply system, draining water in the test box, closing the downstream water valve, and shoveling out sand in the sandbox;
step 6, placing the underground transportation facility model at a preset position in the sand box, repeating the experimental steps 2-5,
obtaining the rule of influence of underground traffic facility construction on groundwater seepage;
and 7, replacing the soil sample in the middle sand box, and repeating the steps 2 to 6 to obtain the influence rule of underground traffic facility construction on groundwater seepage under the condition of different permeable layers.
10. A test method of a test system for simulating the effect of underground utility construction on groundwater seepage according to claim 9, wherein: changing the water pressure and soil pressure loading in the step 3, and researching the influence of underground traffic facility construction on groundwater seepage under different water pressure and ground stress loading conditions; and (3) changing the shape and the size of the underground transportation facility model in the step (6), and researching the influence of different types of underground transportation facility construction on underground water seepage.
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| CN202310207215.XA CN116499931A (en) | 2023-03-01 | 2023-03-01 | Test system capable of simulating influence of underground facility construction on groundwater seepage and test method thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117330468A (en) * | 2023-08-17 | 2024-01-02 | 四川农业大学 | Weir-stopper simulation experiment device and method under complex seepage condition |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117330468A (en) * | 2023-08-17 | 2024-01-02 | 四川农业大学 | Weir-stopper simulation experiment device and method under complex seepage condition |
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