CN116489616A - Unmanned aerial vehicle cluster communication network architecture system based on 5G - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a 5G-based unmanned aerial vehicle cluster communication network architecture system, and relates to the technical field of communication. One embodiment of the system comprises: the command center comprises a 5G core network and a transmission network module; one or more command vehicles, each command vehicle including a corresponding 5G base station; one or more unmanned aerial vehicles, each unmanned aerial vehicle comprising a corresponding 5G terminal; the 5G core network and the transmission network module are connected with the 5G base station through wired or wireless communication, the 5G terminal is connected with the 5G base station through wireless communication, a plurality of unmanned aerial vehicles are correspondingly paired with command vehicles within a preset distance range, and the corresponding 5G base station and the corresponding 5G terminal form a communication network. The embodiment meets the requirements of autonomous intelligence and collaborative awareness, task planning and formation of future unmanned aerial vehicle cluster combat.

Description

Unmanned aerial vehicle cluster communication network architecture system based on 5G

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of unmanned aerial vehicle communication, in particular to an unmanned aerial vehicle cluster communication network architecture system based on 5G.

Background

Unmanned aerial vehicle cluster combat will become a typical combat mode of future air combat, and the ever-expanding task field of unmanned aerial vehicle cluster combat puts higher demands on its communication network: further widening frequency band, improving frequency utilization rate and information transmission capacity to meet the requirement of rapid sharing of situation information such as coordinates, audio, images and high-definition videos; realizing millisecond-level communication time delay to support intelligent decision-making, autonomous task planning and intelligent formation of the unmanned aerial vehicle cluster; the system has better electromagnetic compatibility, low interception probability, anti-deception capability, high safety and anti-interference capability, and ensures that the unmanned aerial vehicle communication system works stably, reliably and safely in a severe battlefield environment; the interoperability and standardization level of interconnection and intercommunication are improved, the compatibility and cooperative work of a plurality of systems are realized, and the system can be accessed to a full combat network and the like.

In the process of implementing the present invention, the inventor finds that at least the following problems exist in the prior art:

the current unmanned aerial vehicle cluster combat mainly realizes space-to-ground and space-to-space communication through a line-of-sight data link and satellite relay, has limited data transmission rate, and cannot meet the high-speed transmission requirement of battlefield situation information. The time delay of the existing 4G/LTE network is generally between 30 and 70 milliseconds, and the system can be used for part of application scenes of civil unmanned aerial vehicles with high time delay tolerance, but the data transmission efficiency and the time delay of the system are difficult to meet the requirements of autonomous intelligent and collaborative perception, task planning and formation of future unmanned aerial vehicle cluster combat.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the embodiment of the invention provides a 5G-based unmanned aerial vehicle cluster communication network architecture system, which can realize a low-altitude 5G network with the characteristics of high speed, low time delay, high reliability, low-altitude three-dimensional coverage, flexible configuration and the like by utilizing a command vehicle to carry a 5G base station, solve the problems of insufficient bandwidth, excessive delay and other pain points of the current unmanned aerial vehicle cluster communication data chain, meet the task demands of unmanned aerial vehicle cluster collaborative situation perception, collaborative task planning, autonomous intelligent formation, decision control and the like in a low-altitude city combat scene, and play the unmanned aerial vehicle cluster combat advantage.

To achieve the above object, according to an aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a 5G-based unmanned aerial vehicle cluster communication network architecture system, including: a command center 101 including a 5G core network and a transmission network 1011; one or more command vehicles 102, each of the command vehicles 102 including a corresponding 5G base station 1021; one or more drones 103, each of the drones 103 including a corresponding 5G terminal 1031; the 5G core network and transmission network 1011 module is connected with the 5G base station 1021 through wired or wireless communication, the 5G terminal 1031 is connected with the 5G base station 1021 through wireless communication, the plurality of unmanned aerial vehicles 103 are correspondingly paired with the command vehicles 102 within a preset distance range, and the corresponding 5G base station 1021 and the corresponding 5G terminal 1031 form a communication network.

Optionally, the command car 102 further comprises a lightweight 5G core network 1022, wherein the lightweight 5G core network 1022 replaces the 5G core network and the transmission network 1011 in case of an interruption of the communication connection of the command center 101.

Optionally, the 5G terminal 1031 is configured to send the situation information and/or the service data acquired by the unmanned aerial vehicle 103 to the 5G base station 1021, where the situation information includes video and/or image.

Optionally, the command vehicle 102 further includes an edge computing platform 1023, where the edge computing platform 1023 is configured to receive the situation information and/or the service data, determine whether a time delay of the situation information and/or the service data is not greater than a preset threshold, perform splitting processing on the situation information and/or the service data with the time delay not greater than the preset threshold, and return the processed situation information and/or the service data.

Optionally, the edge computing platform 1023 is further configured to determine whether a time delay of the situation information and/or the service data is not greater than a preset threshold, shunt the situation information and/or the service data with the time delay greater than the preset threshold, and send the information and/or the service data to the 5G core network and the transmission network 1011.

Optionally, the 5G core network and the transmission network 1011 are further configured to receive the situation information and/or the service data, and process and/or store the situation information and/or the service data.

Optionally, the 5G core network and the transmission network 1011 are further configured to process the situation information and/or the service data to form instruction data, and transmit the instruction data back to the corresponding 5G terminal 1031.

Optionally, the 5G core network and the transmission network 1011 are further configured to transmit the instruction data back to the 5G base station 1021 closest to the 5G terminal 1031 according to the real-time location of the corresponding 5G terminal 1031.

Optionally, the system is further configured to determine a current state of the unmanned aerial vehicle 103, determine whether to switch the original command vehicle 102-1 paired with the unmanned aerial vehicle 103 according to the current state, and if yes, switch the unmanned aerial vehicle 103 to the newly paired command vehicle 102-2.

Optionally, the current state includes: the real-time location of the drones 103, the channel quality of the communication network, the number of drones 103 paired with the original command vehicle 102-1.

According to another aspect of the embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a 5G-based unmanned aerial vehicle cluster network communication method, which uses the above-mentioned 5G-based unmanned aerial vehicle cluster communication network architecture system for communication, including:

step S1: the unmanned aerial vehicle 103 sends the situation information and/or service data to the 5G base station 1021 through the 5G terminal 1031;

step S2: after receiving the situation information and/or the service data, the 5G base station 1021 performs a shunting process;

step S2-1: processing the situation information and/or the business data with low time delay locally;

step S3-1: after the processing, the processed situation information and/or business data are transmitted back to the unmanned aerial vehicle 103 which sends the situation information and/or business data;

step S2-2: for the situation information and/or service data with non-low time delay, sending the situation information and/or service data to the 5G core network and the transmission network 1011;

step S3-2: the 5G core network and the transmission network 1011 receive and process the received signals to generate instructions, and transmit the instructions back to the unmanned aerial vehicle 103;

step S4: determining whether the original command vehicle 102-1 paired with the unmanned aerial vehicle 103 is switched;

step S4-1: if not, the command car 102-1 is transmitted back to the unmanned aerial vehicle 103;

step S4-2: if the original command vehicle 102-1 is switched, the unmanned aerial vehicle 103 is switched to the newly paired command vehicle 102-2, and the command or the processed situation information and/or business data is returned through the newly paired command vehicle 102.

Optionally, in case the communication connection of the command center 101 is interrupted, a lightweight 5G core network 1022 replaces the 5G core network and the transmission network 1011, wherein the command car 102 comprises the lightweight 5G core network 1022.

One embodiment of the above invention has the following advantages or benefits: the wireless network architecture of a base station-terminal is adopted by adopting the communication coordination between the command vehicle and the unmanned aerial vehicle, namely the command vehicle carries base station equipment, and the unmanned aerial vehicle is used as a terminal to access the base station; the command vehicles can communicate with each other through the base station interface, and can also transmit through the command center; meanwhile, the command vehicle can be further provided with a light 5G core network, so that higher-level communication management control and service guarantee are realized, and the network destruction resistance elasticity is improved. And the mobile command vehicle processes low-delay data at the edge side, and the command center centrally processes a large amount of non-low-delay data, so that resources are saved and delay is further reduced.

Further effects of the above-described non-conventional alternatives are described below in connection with the embodiments.

Drawings

The drawings are included to provide a better understanding of the invention and are not to be construed as unduly limiting the invention.

Wherein:

fig. 1 is an exemplary system architecture diagram of a 5G-based unmanned cluster communication network architecture system, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a device configuration of a 5G-based unmanned cluster communication network architecture system suitable for use in implementing embodiments of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a flow chart of a 5G-based unmanned cluster network communication method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a flow chart of another 5G-based unmanned cluster network communication method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a unmanned aerial vehicle switching between two command vehicle base stations for cooperation through an Xn port according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Reference numerals illustrate:

100-system, 101-command center, 102-command car, 103-unmanned plane, 1011-5G core network and transmission network, 1021-5G base station, 1022-lightweight 5G core network, 1023-edge computing platform, 1031-5G terminal.

Detailed Description

Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which various details of the embodiments of the present invention are included to facilitate understanding, and are to be considered merely exemplary. Accordingly, those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that various changes and modifications of the embodiments described herein can be made without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. Also, descriptions of well-known functions and constructions are omitted in the following description for clarity and conciseness.

Fig. 1 is an exemplary system architecture diagram of a 5G-based unmanned aerial vehicle cluster communication network architecture system according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 1, the system 100 includes a command center 101, where the command center 101 further includes a 5G core network and a transmission network 1011; one or more command vehicles 102, each command vehicle 102 further including a corresponding 5G base station 1021; the one or more unmanned aerial vehicles 103 are preferably small unmanned aerial vehicles capable of moving rapidly, the flying height of the unmanned aerial vehicles is not more than 300 meters, the maximum load of the unmanned aerial vehicles is not less than 10 kilograms, the horizontal moving speed of the unmanned aerial vehicles is not more than 160 km/h, one or more task loads such as a high-definition camera, an infrared sensor, a radar and the like can be carried, and the plurality of functional loads such as a GPS receiver, a 5G terminal, a computing device, a storage device and an inertial navigation system can be carried, and each unmanned aerial vehicle 103 further comprises a corresponding 5G terminal 1031, namely each unmanned aerial vehicle is provided with the on-board 5G terminal 1031.

The 5G core network and the transmission network 1011 are connected with the 5G base station 1021 through wired or wireless communication, and the next generation interface (i.e., NG interface) between the 5G core network and the transmission network 1011 and the 5G base station 1021 may be connected through a wired communication medium, such as a twisted pair cable, a coaxial cable, an optical fiber, or the like, or a wireless communication manner, such as a high-speed military wireless data link in millimeter wave band, a tactical communication satellite, or the like. The 5G terminal 1031 is connected to the 5G base station 1021 via wireless communication, e.g., via a new 5G air interface (NR interface). Further, the 5G base station 1021 between multiple command vehicles 102 also supports a base station side transverse connection interface (such as an Xn interface) connection, for implementing data uninterrupted switching when the unmanned aerial vehicle crosses base stations. The plurality of unmanned aerial vehicles 103 are correspondingly paired with the command vehicles 102 within a preset distance range, and the corresponding 5G base stations 1021 and the corresponding 5G terminals 1031 form a communication network.

Command center 101 is typically a fixed location, and 5G core network and transmission network 1011 typically employ a wired communication medium such as optical fiber to provide globally high-speed, reliable data transmission services, and for traffic management and resource allocation throughout the network, wireless communication means, such as a millimeter wave band high-speed military wireless data link, may be employed to provide transmission capabilities on the same level as optical fiber, in the event that the wired communication facilities are damaged or not equipped with wired communication during a combat. Command car 103 may be fixed or movable for carrying the associated equipment of 5G base station 1021. One command center 101 may be equipped with a plurality of command vehicles 103.

The 5G base station 1021 is preferably a miniaturized 5G base station device, is easy to be carried on a vehicle, and mainly comprises a radio frequency + antenna and a 1U server (namely a baseband processing unit for providing baseband processing capability); the 5G core network and the transport network 1011 mainly provide signaling and user plane functions of the 5G network, adopt SBA architecture (Service-based Architecture is an important feature of the 5G, combine the characteristics and technical development trend of the network of the mobile core network, divide the network functions into several reusable "services"), implement a full cloud design, and the 3GPP standard specifies that the 5G core network and the transport network have multiple network element units, such as a common AMF (Access and Mobility Management Function, access and mobility management functions, performing registration, connection, reachability, mobility management, providing a session management message transmission channel for SMF, providing authentication and authentication functions for user access, terminal and wireless core network control plane access point), SMF (Session Management function, session management functions, responsible for tunnel maintenance, IP address allocation and management, UP function selection, policy implementation and control in charging data acquisition, roaming, etc.), UPF (User Port Function, user port functions, adapting specific UNI requirements to the core functions and system management functions), UDM (Unified Data Management, unified data management functions, subscription data management, service element authentication management, qoS, etc. The main interface comprises: a wireless air interface (Uu interface) between the base station and the terminal; the next generation interface (NG port) between the 5G base station 1021 and the 5G core network and transport network 1011 typically employs transport network bearers.

The unmanned aerial vehicle 103 is provided with a 5G terminal 1031, so that task loads such as a high-definition camera, an infrared sensor, a radar and the like, functional loads such as a GPS receiver, a computing device, a storage device, an inertial navigation system and the like can be further included, and the 5G wireless mode is used for accessing the 5G base station 1021 provided by the command vehicle 103.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the command vehicle 102 may further deploy a lightweight 5G core network 1022, where in the case of interruption of the communication connection of the command center 101, the lightweight 5G core network 1022 may replace the 5G core network and the transmission network 1011 to perform temporary connection, so as to continue to provide the 5G network communication service, thereby guaranteeing the robustness and the survivability of the 5G network. Specifically, the multiple command vehicles 102 support a base station side transverse connection interface (Xn interface) connection, which is used for implementing data uninterrupted switching when the unmanned aerial vehicle 103 communicates across base stations, so before switching across base stations, context information of data needs to be transferred from the original base station 1021 to a new base station 1021 to be switched in advance. This is done through the Xn interface. However, the Xn interface is a logical interface that cannot be directly connected and transmits information, and the Xn interface connection between the base stations 1021 of the two command vehicles 102 needs to be established through the interface (e.g., NG interface) between the 5G core network and the transmission network 1011, so as to realize data transmission. For example, the 5G base station 1031 communicates with the AMF in the 5G core network and the transmission network 1011 through the NG interface, and obtains the context information during the cross-site handover through the AMF, thereby realizing the real-time performance and the continuity of the handover of the 5G base station 1021 of the command vehicle 102.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the 5G terminal 1031 is further configured to send situation information and/or service data acquired by the drone 103 to the 5G base station 1021, where the situation information includes video and/or images.

The situation information refers to situation information such as collected video, image, infrared imaging, radar reflection sectional area and the like according to task load carried by the unmanned aerial vehicle 103, after preprocessing such as compression by using airborne computing equipment, the 5G terminal 1031 sends the situation information to the 5G base station 1021, so that relevant equipment of the command center 101 can store, process and make decisions, and generally belongs to data with low real-time requirements. The service data refers to flight state information such as the position, the gesture, the speed, the height and the like of the unmanned aerial vehicle 103, and after preliminary processing, the service data is also sent to the 5G base station 1021 carried by the command vehicle 102 through the 5G terminal 1031, can be used for unmanned aerial vehicle cluster collaborative formation, task planning and the like, belongs to low-delay data, and has high time delay requirement. Unmanned aerial vehicle 103 carries one or more task loads such as a high-definition camera, an infrared sensor, a radar and the like, and a plurality of functional loads such as a GPS receiver, a computing device, a storage device, an inertial navigation system and the like. The airborne computing equipment and the high-definition camera, the infrared sensor, the radar, the GPS receiver, the inertial navigation system and other equipment can be connected through special interfaces, such as HDMI interfaces, UART interfaces, USB interfaces and the like. The airborne computing device is a single-core or multi-core processor, can comprise an embedded processor, an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) and the like, can preprocess data collected by a task load and data such as GPS (global positioning system), gesture, speed and the like, and can convert the data into an information stream which can be sent by a 5G terminal. The airborne computing equipment and the 5G terminal can be connected through a special network port.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the command vehicle 102 may further deploy an edge computing platform 1023, where the edge computing platform 1023 is configured to receive situation information and/or service data, determine whether a time delay of the situation information and/or service data is not greater than a first preset threshold, and locally process the situation information and/or service data after shunting the situation information and/or service data with the time delay not greater than the preset threshold, and return the processed situation information and/or service data. By utilizing edge calculation, the edge calculation platform 1023 deployed by the command vehicle 103 performs service calculation and analysis close to the wireless side, so that time delay is effectively reduced.

The edge computing platform 1023 may provide edge side local traffic splitting capability, with two key points for splitting functionality: diversion rules and diversion policies. Issuing a shunt strategy: in the initial service configuration stage, the service splitting policy may be set by the edge computing platform 1023, that is: in the services carried by the 5G network, which services data need to be distributed locally, the data of the services with low latency requirements can be set to be distributed locally, and a specific distribution policy can be issued through an MP2 interface (the interface is an internal interface defined in ETSI standard organization) between the edge computing platform 1023 and the distribution unit. (2) setting a diversion rule: the distribution unit realizes local distribution of data of certain specific services of the network according to the distributed distribution strategy, and specific distribution rules have various forms, such as: the modes of IP five-tuple, port ID, DNS, etc. can also be a combination of several forms.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, the edge computing platform 1023 is further configured to determine whether the time delay of the situation information and/or the service data is not greater than a second preset threshold, and shunt the situation information and/or the service data with the time delay greater than the second preset threshold, and send the situation information and/or the service data to the 5G core network and the transmission network 1011 according to a preset shunting rule such as an IP five-tuple and a port ID. Further, the first preset threshold may be equal to the second preset threshold. For example, when the delay requirement of certain situation information and/or service data is lower than a preset threshold, it is indicated that the situation information and/or service data has high delay requirement and needs to be processed and fed back as soon as possible, the edge computing platform 1023 shunts the situation information and/or service data with high delay requirement to the local place for processing and returning, while for the situation information and/or service data with low delay requirement, there is a longer delay time for communication, and the edge computing platform 1023 shunts the part of situation information and/or service data to the 5G core network and the transmission network 1011 for processing. According to the situation information and/or the time delay requirement of service data, the data processing efficiency is improved, the data transmission and processing time delay is reduced, and the unmanned aerial vehicle cluster is supported to carry out task planning or autonomous intelligent decision making and the like. The edge computing platform 1023 may include a splitting unit and a multi-service edge platform (MEP), where the multi-service edge platform may carry operations of intelligent algorithms such as unmanned aerial vehicle cluster collaborative formation, autonomous task planning, and the like, and the splitting unit is configured to split situation information and/or service data.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the time delay of the data can be determined according to the type of the data, for example, the preset speed, the position and other service data are low-time delay data, and the data are preset to be processed with high priority or preset low-time delay value, so that the data can be identified by the edge computing platform 1023 and are left locally for direct processing; the situation information such as the preset video, the radar and the like is high-time-delay data, and the data is preset to be processed with low priority or a preset high-time-delay value, so that the data can be identified by the edge computing platform 1023 and shunted to a command center or a cloud for processing.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the edge computing platform 1023 is further configured to transmit the processed situation information and/or service data back to the unmanned aerial vehicle 103, where the unmanned aerial vehicle 103 adjusts a position, an attitude, a speed, a height, and the like according to the received processing data, so as to implement collaborative formation, autonomous task planning, and the like of the unmanned aerial vehicle cluster.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the 5G core network and the transmission network 1011 are also configured to receive, process and/or store situation information and/or business data.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the 5G core network and the transmission network 1011 are further configured to process the situation information and/or the service data to form instruction data, and transmit the instruction data back to the corresponding 5G terminal 1031.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the 5G core network and the transmission network 1011 are further configured to transmit instruction data back to the 5G base station 1021 paired with the 5G terminal 1031 according to the real-time location of the corresponding 5G terminal 1031, and then transmit the instruction data back to the 5G terminal 1031 of the corresponding drone 103 through the paired 5G base station 1021. Further, if the command center 101 generates a decision instruction (i.e., instruction data) after performing fusion analysis on situation information and/or service data, the decision instruction can be issued to the unmanned aerial vehicle 103 through the original path of the command vehicle 102 sending the data, and the unmanned aerial vehicle 103 adjusts the flight route and load parameters, such as camera angles, of the unmanned aerial vehicle according to the instruction data, so as to execute tasks such as collaborative situation awareness.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the system is further configured to determine a current state of the unmanned aerial vehicle 103, determine whether to switch the command vehicle 102-1 that is paired with the unmanned aerial vehicle 103 and that is originally accessed according to the current state real-time position, channel quality, and the like, and if yes, switch the unmanned aerial vehicle 103 to the command vehicle 102-2 that is newly paired. Wherein the current state comprises: the real-time location of the drones 103, the channel quality of the communication network, the number of drones 103 paired with the original command vehicle 102-1. Specifically, the drone 103 determines whether the paired original command vehicle 102-1 needs to be switched according to the real-time position and signal quality parameters (i.e., channel quality) such as the reference signal received power RSRP and the signal to noise ratio SINR. If yes, the unmanned aerial vehicle 103 requests the 5G core network and the transmission network 1011 of the command center 101 through the original command vehicle 102-1 to establish the transverse interface connection between the original command vehicle 102-1 and the base station 1021 of the newly paired command vehicle 102-2 to realize the uninterrupted switching of data, and returns the instruction or the processed situation information and/or service data through the newly paired command vehicle 102-2, so that the communication of the data is ensured. In general, the unmanned aerial vehicle 103 is preferentially paired with the command vehicle 102 with the nearest distance and the best signal quality, so that the data transmission distance is further shortened, and the time delay is reduced.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, it may also be determined whether the number of unmanned aerial vehicles 103 paired with the command vehicle 102 is equal to a preset highest pairing number, if it is smaller than the preset highest pairing number, the other unmanned aerial vehicles 103 are accepted to be paired with it, and if it is equal to the preset highest pairing number, the other unmanned aerial vehicles 103 are not accepted to be paired with it. The highest number threshold is set according to the number of unmanned aerial vehicles 103 paired with the command vehicle 102, so that the load of the command vehicle 102 can be ensured to stably run.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the wireless communication connection between the 5G base station 1021 and the 5G core network and transport network 1011 also uses the NG interface. When the 5G core network and the transmission network 1011 are provided by the command center 101, the coordination of the 5G networks among the plurality of command vehicles 102 can be realized, and the switching of the Xn interface among the command vehicles 102 is embodied, which is helpful for expanding the movement range of the unmanned aerial vehicle.

Fig. 2 is a schematic device configuration diagram of a 5G-based unmanned aerial vehicle cluster communication network architecture system, and as shown in fig. 2, the device configuration method of the unmanned aerial vehicle, the command vehicle, and the command center is as follows:

(1) The command center side may be configured to configure a server of 1U or 2U (U is a length unit, and 1u= 4.445 cm), and at least deploy network element functions such as AMF (mobile and access management function), SMF (session management function), UDM (unified data management function), AUSF (authentication management function), and UPF (user plane function). The network element functions are deployed on the server in a software manner.

(2) The miniaturized 5G RAN is deployed on the command vehicle, the hardware form comprises a radio frequency + antenna and a 1U server (providing baseband processing capability), the lightweight 5G core network 1022 can be selectively deployed, backup is provided, and at least network element functions such as AMF, SMF, UDM are deployed.

(3) There is also a need to consider the deployment of another wireless communication device for NG port backhaul.

The 5G base station 1021 includes two types, one is a gNB and the other is a ng-eNB. Both types of base stations can provide user plane and control plane services for 5G NR networks. Interaction between the gNB and the NG-eNB, and between each base station is via an Xn interface, and both base stations are connected to the 5G core network and the transport network 1011 via an NG interface. Specifically, an AMF node (node providing control plane service) connected to the 5G core network and the transmission network 1011 via an NG-C interface, and a UPF node (node providing user plane service) connected to the 5G core network and the transmission network 1011 via an NG-U interface. According to the embodiment of the invention, an SA network mode of a 5G network, namely a Stand-Alone deployment mode, is adopted.

Fig. 3 is a flow chart of a 5G-based unmanned aerial vehicle cluster network communication method according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, including:

step S1: the unmanned aerial vehicle 103 transmits situation information and/or service data to the 5G base station 1021 mounted in the command vehicle 102 through the 5G terminal 1031 on board. Specifically, after preprocessing such as compression by using an onboard computing device, low-latency data or non-low-latency data may be generated according to the type of situation information and/or service data, and the preprocessed situation information and/or service data may be sent to the paired 5G base station 1021.

Step S2: after receiving situation information and/or service data sent by the unmanned aerial vehicle 103, the vehicle-mounted 5G base station 1021 of the command vehicle 102 carries out shunting processing by a shunting unit of the edge computing platform 1023.

Step S2-1: and for low-delay situation information and/or service data needing to be processed nearby, directly performing processing such as calculation on the data locally.

Step S3-1: after the processing of the edge computing platform 1023, the processed data is transmitted back to the unmanned aerial vehicle 103 which transmits the data, and the unmanned aerial vehicle is supported to carry out cooperative formation, autonomous task planning and the like.

Step S2-2: for non-low-delay data, the 5G core network and the transmission network 1011 sent to the command center 101 by the wired or wireless mode are used for storage, processing, decision making and the like.

Step S3-2: if the command center 101 generates a decision instruction after performing fusion analysis on the data, the instruction is transmitted back to the unmanned aerial vehicle 103 which transmits the data.

Step S4: it is determined whether the unmanned aerial vehicle 103 sending the data is switched with the primary command vehicle 102-1 of the pairing network, that is, whether the processed data or instructions can be returned according to the primary path.

Step S4-1: if not, the information is transmitted back to the unmanned aerial vehicle 103 through the original command vehicle 102-1. I.e. the original path is unchanged, and is passed back through the original path to the drone 103 that sent the data.

Step S4-2: when the real-time position of the unmanned aerial vehicle 103 transmitting the data changes and the channel quality changes, and the like, so that the 5G wireless side is switched, that is, the original command vehicle 102-1 is switched, the unmanned aerial vehicle 103 can request the 5G core network and the transmission network 1011 of the command center 101 to establish the transverse interface connection between the original command vehicle 102-1 and the base station of the new pairing command vehicle 102-2 through the original command vehicle 102-1, so that the data is not interrupted, and the unmanned aerial vehicle 103 is paired with the new command vehicle 102-2 and then returns instructions or processed data through a new path.

Step S5: the unmanned aerial vehicle 103 adjusts the position, the gesture, the speed, the altitude, the flight route and the like according to the received processed data or instructions, such as camera angles and the like, so as to realize collaborative situation sensing, support the unmanned aerial vehicle for collaborative formation, autonomous mission planning and the like.

Further, in the case where the communication connection of the command center 101 is interrupted, a lightweight 5G core network 1022 replaces the 5G core network and the transmission network 1011, wherein the command car 102 includes the lightweight 5G core network 1022. Specifically, if the command center 101 is destroyed, or the connection between the command center 101 and the command vehicle 102 is interrupted, the lightweight 5G core network 1022 deployed in the command vehicle 102 can rapidly take over the network, continue to provide 5G network services for the original unmanned aerial vehicle, and support the unmanned aerial vehicle to perform tasks such as collaborative formation, autonomous mission planning, situation awareness, and the like.

Fig. 4 is a flow chart of another 5G-based unmanned cluster network communication method according to an embodiment of the present invention; as shown in fig. 4, when the command center 101 is destroyed, or the wired and wireless connection between the command center 101 and the command vehicle 102 is interrupted, the lightweight 5G core network 1022 deployed by the command vehicle 103 can rapidly take over the network, continue to provide 5G network communication services for the unmanned aerial vehicle 103, support the unmanned aerial vehicle 103 to perform tasks such as collaborative formation, autonomous task planning, situation awareness, and the like, and ensure communication connection.

The flowcharts or block diagrams in the figures illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present invention, each block in the flowcharts or block diagrams may represent a module, segment, or portion of code, which comprises one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical functions. It should be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the block may occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, two blocks shown in succession may, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality involved. It will also be noted that each block of the block diagrams or flowchart illustration, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams or flowchart illustration, can be implemented by special purpose hardware-based systems which perform the specified functions or acts, or combinations of special purpose hardware and computer instructions.

The units or modules involved in the embodiments of the present invention may be implemented in software or in hardware. The described or modules may also be provided in a processor, for example, as: a processor includes a transmitting unit or module, an acquiring unit, a determining unit, and a first processing unit. Wherein the names of the units do not constitute a limitation of the units themselves in some cases.

The above embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and alternatives can occur depending upon design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A 5G-based unmanned aerial vehicle cluster communication network architecture system, comprising:

a command center (101) comprising a 5G core network and a transmission network (1011);

one or more command vehicles (102), each command vehicle (102) comprising a corresponding 5G base station (1021);

-one or more drones (103), each of said drones (103) comprising a corresponding 5G terminal (1031);

the 5G core network and the transmission network (1011) are connected with the 5G base station (1021) through wired or wireless communication, the 5G terminal (1031) is connected with the 5G base station (1021) through wireless communication, a plurality of unmanned aerial vehicles (103) are correspondingly paired with the command vehicles (102) within a preset distance range, and the corresponding 5G base station (1021) and the corresponding 5G terminal (1031) form a communication network.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the command vehicle (102) further comprises a lightweight 5G core network (1022), the lightweight 5G core network (1022) replacing the 5G core network and transmission network (1011) in the event of a communication connection of the command center (101) being interrupted.

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the 5G terminal (1031) is configured to send situation information and/or traffic data acquired by the drone (103) to the 5G base station (1021), wherein the situation information comprises video and/or images.

4. A system according to claim 3, wherein the command vehicle (102) further comprises an edge computing platform (1023), the edge computing platform (1023) is configured to receive the situation information and/or the service data, determine whether a time delay of the situation information and/or the service data is not greater than a preset threshold, perform a shunting process on the situation information and/or the service data with the time delay not greater than the preset threshold, and return the processed situation information and/or service data.

5. The system according to claim 4, wherein the edge computing platform (1023) is further configured to determine whether a time delay of the situation information and/or the service data is not greater than a preset threshold, and shunt the situation information and/or the service data with the time delay greater than the preset threshold, and send the situation information and/or the service data to the 5G core network and the transmission network (1011).

6. The system according to claim 5, characterized in that the 5G core network and the transport network (1011) are also adapted to receive the situation information and/or the service data, process and/or store the situation information and/or the service data.

7. The system according to claim 6, wherein the 5G core network and the transmission network (1011) are further configured to process the situation information and/or the service data to form instruction data, and to transmit the instruction data back to the corresponding 5G terminal (1031).

8. The system according to claim 7, wherein the 5G core network and transmission network (1011) are further configured to transmit the instruction data back to the 5G base station (1021) to which the 5G terminal (1031) is paired according to the real-time location of the corresponding 5G terminal (1031).

9. A 5G-based unmanned aerial vehicle cluster network communication method, characterized in that it uses any one of the 5G-based unmanned aerial vehicle cluster communication network architecture systems of claims 3-10 for communication, comprising:

step S1: the unmanned aerial vehicle (103) sends the situation information and/or service data to the 5G base station (1021) through the 5G terminal (1031);

step S2: after receiving the situation information and/or the service data, the 5G base station (1021) performs shunting processing;

step S2-1: processing the situation information and/or the business data with low time delay locally;

step S3-1: after processing, the processed situation information and/or business data are transmitted back to an unmanned plane (103) for transmitting the situation information and/or business data;

step S2-2: for the situation information and/or service data which is not of low latency, sending to the 5G core network and the transmission network (1011);

step S3-2: the 5G core network and the transmission network (1011) receive and process the signals to generate instructions, and the instructions are transmitted back to the unmanned aerial vehicle (103);

step S4: determining whether the original command vehicle (102-1) paired with the unmanned aerial vehicle (103) is switched;

step S4-1: if not, the command vehicle (102-1) returns to the unmanned aerial vehicle (103);

step S4-2: if the original command vehicle (102-1) is switched, the unmanned aerial vehicle (103) is switched to a new paired command vehicle (102-2), and an instruction or the processed situation information and/or business data is returned through the new paired command vehicle (102).

10. The method as recited in claim 9, further comprising:

in case of an interruption of the communication connection of the command center (101), a lightweight 5G core network (1022) replaces the 5G core network and a transmission network (1011), wherein the command vehicle (102) comprises the lightweight 5G core network (1022).