CN116463559B - 一种建筑模板用高刚性冷轧不锈钢薄板及制备方法 - Google Patents
一种建筑模板用高刚性冷轧不锈钢薄板及制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011504 laterite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910001710 laterite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002667 nucleating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
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- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000863 Ferronickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001356 Nickel pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000001015 abdomen Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001563 bainite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001493 electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UGKDIUIOSMUOAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron nickel Chemical compound [Fe].[Ni] UGKDIUIOSMUOAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010587 phase diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010187 selection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
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- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
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- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
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- C21D8/0226—Hot rolling
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- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
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- C21D8/0236—Cold rolling
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- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
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Abstract
本发明公开一种建筑模板用高刚性冷轧不锈钢薄板及制备方法,属于不锈钢生产技术领域。所述不锈钢薄板的主要成分选择按质量百分比计为:C0.07‑0.15%,Ni=0.2+12×C%,Cr 12‑22%。其原料为红土镍矿表层矿及其衍生品,通过冶炼、热轧及冷轧的控轧控冷方式获得。作为建筑模板背板使用时,屈服强度850MPa‑1000MP,断裂强度大于1100MPa,是传统模板背板钢断裂强度的1.5倍以上,形状稳定性及安全性、防弓背弯曲功能大幅增强。本发明的不锈钢薄板在刚度、屈服强度、断裂强度、耐腐蚀性、生产效率、质量等性能方面得到了综合显著提高,使得支护体混凝土表面质量更优、自身表面不需清理或少清理、不易损伤,大幅提高循环使用次数。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于不锈钢薄板制备的技术领域,涉及一种建筑模板用高刚性冷轧不锈钢薄板及制备方法。
背景技术
建筑模板用材料,与一般结构材料不同;其所起作用是为了保持模板支护建筑体的平整、光滑、抗压,以保证被支护体在拆模后尺寸精准、少缺陷、美观。同时,为了减少模板在拆卸过程中损伤,如被砸坑、砸变形、弯扭、表面光洁破坏等技术缺陷,建筑模板用材料的高刚度即抗变形能力是一项重要的技术关键点。
现有技术中,建筑模板用材料从最初的木模板、碳钢模板发展到铝模板,就主要是以提高刚度为关键性能指标。且在此基础上的高强度、低密度也会使得模板材料满足功能需求的同时更轻量,方便工程人员施工。
影响模板背板材料刚度及重量的材料特性因素如下:
木模板阶段,材料为纵纹木材,强度为100-150MPa,弹性模量为0.098-0.12×105MPa,膨胀系数为3.0×10-6/℃,密度为0.5-1g/cm3;
碳钢模板阶段,材料为碳钢,屈服强度为250-500MPa,弹性模量为2-2.1×105MPa,膨胀系数为11.3-13×10-6/℃,密度7.85g/cm3;
铝合金2A13的抗拉强度为315-345MPa,弹性模量为0.7×105MPa,膨胀系数为23.6×10-6/℃,密度2.7g/cm3。作为模板背板材料时,综合优势明显。因此,铝合金模板成为当下模板背板材料的主流产品。
铝模板与碳钢模板相比,防锈、轻量是主要优势。但其存在弹性模量低、膨胀系数大、强度低、造价昂贵、成本高等技术缺陷;此外,模板背板易腐蚀而产生气泡导致混凝土表面缺陷;与混凝土浸润性较大,脱模不净,需要涂油或难清理。
中国专利CN104911319A公开了低温球罐容器用钢板及其生产方法,其中的成分含量选择和制备方法并未考虑耐腐蚀性等性能;虽然获得的金相组织是铁素体+回火索氏体,但是热处理方式和轧制工艺的匹配关系不同于包含相同组织成分的不锈钢;且其延伸率较高,对应的屈服强度、断裂强度较低,所制备的钢板晶粒尺寸较大。
中国专利CN112575254A公开了一种150mm厚压力容器用高强度钢09MnNiMoVR的生产方法,其所制备的材料金相组织为游离铁素体+回火索氏体+板条贝氏体+残余奥氏体的混合组织,热处理采用的是高温淬火+两相区淬火+回火工艺复杂热处理工艺,屈服强度、抗拉强度和断裂强度较低,延伸率较高,耐腐蚀性差。
总之,现有技术中,从工程实际的角度出发,能够提供一种高刚度、高屈服强度、低成本、高周转,使得支护体混凝土表面质量更优、自身表面不需清理或少清理、不易损伤的建筑模板用材料是市场的迫切需求。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是如何克服现有模板材料强度低、刚度低、易变形,容易导致建筑体混凝土表面缺陷或“凸肚”隐患的问题。本发明提供了一种高刚度、高屈服强度、低成本、高周转、更轻便,使得支护体混凝土表面质量更优、自身表面不需清理或少清理、不易损伤的建筑模板用材料。
一种建筑模板用高刚性铁素体+回火索氏体不锈钢薄板,所述不锈钢薄板的成分按质量百分比计为:C 0.07-0.15%,Si0.4-1.0%,Mn0.4-1.5%,Ni=0.2+12×C%,Cr12-22%,P≤0.06%,S≤0.015%,N0.015-0.040%,Al0.01-0.04%;其余为Fe和其他不可避免的杂质。
优选地,所述不锈钢薄板的成分添加钛、铌、钒等少量其它金属。
优选地,所述不锈钢薄板的屈服强度与断裂强度接近,屈强比≥0.88;延伸率≤5%,弹性模量为198-215MPa,膨胀系数为11-15×10-6/℃,密度为7.7-7.8g/cm3。
优选地,所述不锈钢薄板的成分中C含量与力学性能的关系为:
当850MPa<屈服强度<950MPa时,C含量为0.07-0.08%;当900MPa<屈服强度<1050MPa时,碳含量0.08-0.09%;当屈服强度>1000MPa、断裂强度>1100MPa时,C含量为0.09-0.15%;
所述不锈钢薄板的成分中Cr含量与使用环境关系为:
当在内陆环境时,Cr含量为12-15%;当在沿海环境时,Cr含量为15-18%;当在海洋环境时,Cr含量为18-22%。
优选地,所述不锈钢薄板作为建筑模板背板使用时,其屈服强度是传统模板背板钢断裂强度的1.5倍;其作为背板材料与同功能铝模板背板的落锤坑试验对比,落坑直径与坑深相比,大幅度缩小至70%以下。
一种基于上述的不锈钢冷轧薄板的制备方法,所述的制备方法中原料采用红土镍矿表层矿或其衍生品,具体工艺步骤如下:
S1、经高炉或电弧炉或RK-Larc或其它方法获得的铁水,通过配料一次性保证配料后铁水中的镍含量满足最终不锈钢冷轧薄板的成分要求;
S2、将步骤S1配料后铁水经过AOD、LF精炼获得的钢水,连铸成钢坯;铬含量在AOD阶段按照下限控制加入,或在步骤S1的高炉中加入铬铁矿,一次性保证铬满足最终不锈钢冷轧薄板的成分要求;
S3、将步骤S2中的钢坯经热轧成2-4mm厚的热轧卷;
S4、将步骤S3中的2-4mm厚的热轧卷经连续退火和酸洗,使其成为白皮冷轧原料,具有屈服强度600-800MPa、延伸率>10%;
S5、将步骤S4中的白皮冷轧原料送冷轧机冷轧,获得0.5-1mm厚的最终不锈钢冷轧薄板,冷轧期间不进行退火处理;冷轧后所得0.5-1mm厚的最终不锈钢冷轧薄板中的金相组织为纳米碳化物强化的铁素体与回火索氏体双相组织,回火索氏体占比≤30%,力学性能达到要求。
优选地,所述步骤S1中选择红土镍矿表层矿为原料,经过以下4种方式获得铁水:
第一种方式为烧结+高炉;第二种方式为RK-Larc三段还原法生产所得低镍铁水;第三种方式为电弧炉熔融由红土镍矿表层矿冶炼的低镍生铁;第四种方式为电炉熔融相关金属原料按照成分要求配制铁水。
优选地,所述步骤S2中LF精炼阶段,保持白渣精炼,碱度为2.5-4;LF精炼结束前调整成分满足不锈钢冷轧薄板的成分要求,控制酸溶铝的含量为0.008-0.030%,使其作为结晶形核剂;对于韧性要求更高,如确保不锈钢冷轧薄板的屈服强度>1050MPa,其钢中氧含量应低于30 ppm。
优选地,所述步骤S3中热轧的终轧温度高于900℃;当最终不锈钢冷轧薄板要求屈服强度大于850MPa时,热轧后喷淋冷却至860℃卷曲;当最终不锈钢冷轧薄板要求屈服强度大于1000MPa时,热轧后喷淋冷却至760℃卷曲;温度控制为保证碳化物不在晶界析出。
优选地,所述步骤S4中连续退火的温度为900-1000℃,时间为15min;当高延伸率要求时,采用接近上限温度;当较低延伸率要求时,采用接近下限温度。
本发明与现有技术相比,具有以下有益效果:
相对于现有模板材料,本发明提供的高刚性铁素体+回火索氏体不锈钢冷轧薄板,是一种新的模板材料,具有高刚度、高屈服强度、耐腐蚀、低成本、高周转、更轻便,使得支护体混凝土表面质量更优、自身表面不需清理或少清理、不易损伤的优势。
作为建筑模板背板使用时,其屈服强度是传统模板背板钢断裂强度的1.5倍,形状稳定性及安全性大大增强,防断裂、防弓背弯曲的功能大大增强。其原料为红土镍矿表层矿及其衍生品,通过冶炼、热轧及冷轧的控轧控冷方式获得,是一种高品质、重量轻、长寿命、低成本、易回收的建筑模板背板材料。不仅可以大幅度提高模板的循环次数,而且提高了建筑体质量。
其作为背板材料与同功能铝模板背板的落锤坑试验对比,落坑直径与坑深相比,大幅度缩小至70%以下。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案,下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明实施例1的高刚性铁素体+回火索氏体不锈钢薄板制备方法的工艺流程图;
图2为本发明实施例1的高刚性铁素体+回火索氏体不锈钢薄板制备方法冷轧后所得不锈钢的金相图,50μm的标尺;
图3为本发明实施例1的高刚性铁素体+回火索氏体不锈钢薄板制备方法冷轧后所得不锈钢中铬纳米碳化物的电子显微镜图;
图4为本发明实施例1的高刚性铁素体+回火索氏体不锈钢薄板制备方法冷轧后所得不锈钢中铬纳米碳化物的电子探针分析图;
图5为本发明实施例2的高刚性铁素体+回火索氏体不锈钢薄板制备方法的工艺流程图;
图6为本发明实施例2的高刚性铁素体+回火索氏体不锈钢薄板制备方法冷轧后所得不锈钢的金相图,20μm的标尺。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例,对本发明实施例中的技术方案和解决的技术问题进行阐述。显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明专利的一部分实施例,而不是全部实施例。
实施例
本实例为一种用于沿海地区建筑模板背板的高刚性铁素体+回火索氏体不锈钢薄板,根据服役环境要求,所述不锈钢薄板的成分选择按质量百分比计为:C 0.12%,Si0.5%,Mn0.6%,Ni 1.64%,Cr15.1%,P0.02%,S0.01%,N0.035%,Al0.02%;其余为Fe和其他不可避免的杂质。
性能要求:屈服强度>1000MPa,断裂强度>1100MP,延伸率2-3%,屈强比>0.9。
选用红土镍矿表层矿+烧结+高炉+AOD+LF+连铸+热轧+退火酸洗+冷轧工艺流程。所述不锈钢薄板制备方法的工艺流程如图1:
在沿海港口购得的红土镍矿表层矿成分为:全铁53%,铬2%,镍0.94%,其余金属不可收得,配料时不计入。
上述全有效金属量55.94%。按照金属收得率计算,1.8吨矿获得1吨含镍含铬铁水,铁水主要成分为:全铁95%,铬3.3%,镍1.69%。
再经过AOD加铬及LF精炼后,连铸成坯,钢的成分达到合格要求。
经过热轧,终轧温度980℃,热轧后喷淋冷却至760℃卷曲,获得2mm热轧卷。
退火温度920℃,15分钟连续退火及酸洗,得到白皮卷。
冷轧至0.5mm。力学性能达到要求。冷轧后所得不锈钢金相组织为纳米碳化物强化的铁素体与回火索氏体双相组织,见图2。
铬纳米碳化物的电子显微镜和电子探针分析见图3-4。
实施例
本实例为一种用于内陆建筑模板背板的高刚性铁素体+回火索氏体不锈钢薄板,根据服役环境要求,所述高刚性铁素体+回火索氏体不锈钢薄板的成分选择按质量百分比计为:C 0.08%,Si0.5%,Mn0.7%,Ni 1.16%,Cr12%,P0.03%,S0.015%,N0.03%,Al0.025%;其余为Fe和其他不可避免的杂质。
所述不锈钢薄板的性能要求为:屈服强度>950MPa,断裂强度>1050MPa,延伸率4-5%,屈强比>0.88。
所述不锈钢薄板的制备方法如图5所示。
选用红土镍矿表层矿生产的低镍铁块。低镍铁块成分为:全铁95%,铬3.7%,镍1.2%,其余金属不计。
电弧炉熔化后经过AOD加铬及LF精炼,连铸成坯,钢的成分达到合格要求。
经过热轧,终轧温度980℃,热轧后喷淋冷却至860℃卷曲,获得4mm热轧卷。
退火温度980℃,15分钟连续退火及酸洗,得到白皮卷。
冷轧至1mm。冷轧后所得不锈钢金相组织为纳米碳化物强化的铁素体与回火索氏体双相组织,见图6。力学性能达到要求。
相对于现有模板材料,本发明提供的高刚性铁素体+回火索氏体不锈钢冷轧薄板,是一种新的模板材料,具有高刚度、高屈服强度、耐腐蚀、低成本、高周转、更轻便,使得支护体混凝土表面质量更优、自身表面不需清理或少清理、不易损伤的优势。
作为建筑模板背板使用时,其屈服强度是传统模板背板钢断裂强度的1.5倍,形状稳定性及安全性大大增强,防断裂、防弓背弯曲的功能大大增强。其原料为红土镍矿表层矿及其衍生品,通过冶炼、热轧及冷轧的控轧控冷方式获得,是一种高品质、重量轻、长寿命、低成本、易回收的建筑模板背板材料。不仅可以大幅度提高模板的循环次数,而且提高了建筑体质量。
其作为背板材料与同功能铝模板背板的落锤坑试验对比,落坑直径与坑深相比,大幅度缩小至70%以下。
以上所述是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明所述原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (6)
1.一种建筑模板用高刚性冷轧不锈钢薄板,其特征在于,所述不锈钢薄板的成分按质量百分比计为:C 0.07-0.15%,Si0.4-1.0%,Mn0.4-1.5%,Ni=0.2+12×C%,Cr12-22%,P≤0.06%,S≤0.015%,N0.015-0.040%,Al0.01-0.04%;其余为Fe和其他不可避免的杂质;
所述不锈钢薄板的屈强比≥0.88;延伸率≤5%,弹性模量为198-215MPa,膨胀系数为11-15×10-6/℃,密度为7.7-7.8g/cm3;
所述不锈钢薄板的成分中C含量与力学性能的关系为:
当850MPa<屈服强度<950MPa时,C含量为0.07-0.08%;当900MPa<屈服强度<1050MPa时,碳含量0.08-0.09%;当屈服强度>1000MPa、断裂强度>1100MPa时,C含量为0.09-0.15%;
所述不锈钢薄板的成分中Cr含量与使用环境关系为:
当在内陆环境时,Cr含量为12-15%;当在沿海环境时,Cr含量为15-18%;当在海洋环境时,Cr含量为18-22%;
所述建筑模板用高刚性冷轧不锈钢薄板的制备方法中原料采用红土镍矿表层矿,具体工艺步骤如下:
S1、经高炉或电弧炉获得的铁水,通过配料一次性保证配料后铁水中的镍含量满足最终不锈钢冷轧薄板的成分要求;
S2、将步骤S1配料后铁水经过AOD、LF精炼获得的钢水,连铸成钢坯;铬含量在AOD阶段按照下限控制加入,一次性保证铬满足最终不锈钢冷轧薄板的成分要求;
S3、将步骤S2中的钢坯经热轧成2-4mm厚的热轧卷;
S4、将步骤S3中的2-4mm厚的热轧卷经连续退火和酸洗,使其成为白皮冷轧原料,具有屈服强度600-800MPa、延伸率>10%;
S5、将步骤S4中的白皮冷轧原料送冷轧机冷轧,获得0.5-1mm厚的最终不锈钢冷轧薄板,冷轧期间不进行退火处理;冷轧后所得0.5-1mm厚的最终不锈钢冷轧薄板中的金相组织为纳米碳化物强化的铁素体与回火索氏体双相组织,回火索氏体占比≤30%,力学性能达到要求。
2.根据权利要求1所述的冷轧不锈钢薄板,其特征在于,所述不锈钢薄板作为建筑模板背板使用时,其屈服强度是传统模板背板钢断裂强度的1.5倍;其作为背板材料与同功能铝模板背板的落锤坑试验对比,落坑直径与坑深比,缩小至70%以下。
3.一种基于权利要求1-2任一所述的冷轧不锈钢薄板的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的制备方法中原料采用红土镍矿表层矿,具体工艺步骤如下:
S1、经高炉或电弧炉获得的铁水,通过配料一次性保证配料后铁水中的镍含量满足最终不锈钢冷轧薄板的成分要求;
S2、将步骤S1配料后铁水经过AOD、LF精炼获得的钢水,连铸成钢坯;铬含量在AOD阶段按照下限控制加入,一次性保证铬满足最终不锈钢冷轧薄板的成分要求;
S3、将步骤S2中的钢坯经热轧成2-4mm厚的热轧卷;
S4、将步骤S3中的2-4mm厚的热轧卷经连续退火和酸洗,使其成为白皮冷轧原料,具有屈服强度600-800MPa、延伸率>10%;
S5、将步骤S4中的白皮冷轧原料送冷轧机冷轧,获得0.5-1mm厚的最终不锈钢冷轧薄板,冷轧期间不进行退火处理;冷轧后所得0.5-1mm厚的最终不锈钢冷轧薄板中的金相组织为纳米碳化物强化的铁素体与回火索氏体双相组织,回火索氏体占比≤30%,力学性能达到要求。
4.根据权利要求3所述的冷轧不锈钢薄板的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S2中LF精炼阶段,保持白渣精炼,碱度为2.5-4;LF精炼结束前调整成分满足不锈钢冷轧薄板的成分要求,控制酸溶铝的含量为0.008-0.030%,使其作为结晶形核剂;对于韧性要求更高,确保不锈钢冷轧薄板的屈服强度>1050MPa时,其钢中氧含量应低于30 ppm。
5.根据权利要求3所述的冷轧不锈钢薄板的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S3中热轧的终轧温度高于900℃;当最终不锈钢冷轧薄板要求屈服强度大于850MPa时,热轧后喷淋冷却至860℃卷曲;当最终不锈钢冷轧薄板要求屈服强度大于1000MPa时,热轧后喷淋冷却至760℃卷曲;温度控制为保证碳化物不在晶界析出。
6.根据权利要求3所述的冷轧不锈钢薄板的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S4中连续退火的温度为900-1000℃,时间为15min。
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CN106319370A (zh) * | 2015-06-19 | 2017-01-11 | 宝钢不锈钢有限公司 | 具有优良塑性和高强度的中铬铁素体不锈钢及其制造方法 |
WO2017111407A1 (ko) * | 2015-12-23 | 2017-06-29 | 주식회사 포스코 | 고항복비형 고강도 냉연강판 및 그 제조방법 |
CN111172461A (zh) * | 2020-01-22 | 2020-05-19 | 王平 | 一种表层低镍红土镍矿生产的不锈钢及其制备方法 |
CN114214571A (zh) * | 2021-11-24 | 2022-03-22 | 广西北海综红科技开发有限公司 | 一种铁素体不锈钢及其制备方法 |
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