CN116452155A - Intelligent construction system for rapid breeding of high-yield milk goats - Google Patents

Intelligent construction system for rapid breeding of high-yield milk goats Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116452155A
CN116452155A CN202310700989.6A CN202310700989A CN116452155A CN 116452155 A CN116452155 A CN 116452155A CN 202310700989 A CN202310700989 A CN 202310700989A CN 116452155 A CN116452155 A CN 116452155A
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milk
chip
breeding
unit
yield
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Inventor
诺苏雅拉图
海尔汗
吴志红
王忠华
王建光
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Inner Mongolia Shengjian Agriculture And Animal Husbandry Engineering Technology Research Co ltd
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Inner Mongolia Shengjian Agriculture And Animal Husbandry Engineering Technology Research Co ltd
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Publication of CN116452155A publication Critical patent/CN116452155A/en
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06QINFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q10/00Administration; Management
    • G06Q10/10Office automation; Time management
    • G06Q10/103Workflow collaboration or project management
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06QINFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q50/00Systems or methods specially adapted for specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
    • G06Q50/02Agriculture; Fishing; Mining
    • GPHYSICS
    • G16INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
    • G16BBIOINFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR GENETIC OR PROTEIN-RELATED DATA PROCESSING IN COMPUTATIONAL MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
    • G16B20/00ICT specially adapted for functional genomics or proteomics, e.g. genotype-phenotype associations
    • G16B20/30Detection of binding sites or motifs
    • GPHYSICS
    • G16INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
    • G16BBIOINFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR GENETIC OR PROTEIN-RELATED DATA PROCESSING IN COMPUTATIONAL MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
    • G16B30/00ICT specially adapted for sequence analysis involving nucleotides or amino acids
    • GPHYSICS
    • G16INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
    • G16BBIOINFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR GENETIC OR PROTEIN-RELATED DATA PROCESSING IN COMPUTATIONAL MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
    • G16B40/00ICT specially adapted for biostatistics; ICT specially adapted for bioinformatics-related machine learning or data mining, e.g. knowledge discovery or pattern finding
    • GPHYSICS
    • G16INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
    • G16BBIOINFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR GENETIC OR PROTEIN-RELATED DATA PROCESSING IN COMPUTATIONAL MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
    • G16B50/00ICT programming tools or database systems specially adapted for bioinformatics
    • G16B50/10Ontologies; Annotations
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/80Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
    • Y02P60/87Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent construction system for rapid breeding of high-yield dairy goats, which relates to the technical field of intelligent construction of breeding, and provides a scheme that the intelligent construction system comprises a resequencing unit, a chip design unit, a big data acquisition unit, a database construction unit and a chip optimization unit; according to the invention, genetic similarity and heterozygosity in genetic materials and among materials of the Sacan milk goats are analyzed through a species genome-wide resequencing technology, in addition, researches such as germplasm identification are carried out through GWAS analysis and specific mark development, new genes closely related to milk yield traits of the Sacan goats are searched and positioned, on the basis, a molecular breeding gene chip capable of being used for milk yield prejudging and identifying of the milk goats is designed and synthesized, and a large data platform integration technology is utilized to complete acquisition, input and analysis of milk goat information, a milk goat germplasm resource integrated database is constructed, chip design is further optimized, and a convenient database platform and a usable chip technology are provided for milk goat germplasm resource development.

Description

Intelligent construction system for rapid breeding of high-yield milk goats
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of breeding intelligent construction, in particular to an intelligent construction system for rapid breeding of high-yield milk goats.
Background
Germplasm resources are also called genetic resources. Germplasm refers to the genetic material that is transmitted from a parent organism to a progeny, which is often present in a particular variety. Such as ancient local varieties, newly cultivated popularization varieties and important genetic materials.
The core germplasm represents the morphological characteristics, geographical distribution, and the maximum range of genetic diversity of genes and genotypes of a certain very closely related wild species. For promoting germplasm communication the utilization and gene library management have important academic and practical significance.
In order to improve the quantity and quality of germplasm resources, and the depth and breadth of germplasm resource research and innovation, the utilization efficiency of germplasm resources and the sustainable development of modern germplasm industries are ensured, and therefore, an intelligent construction system for rapid breeding of high-yield milk goats is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an intelligent construction system for rapid breeding of high-yield dairy goats, which solves the problems of ensuring the utilization efficiency of germplasm resources and the sustainable development of modern germplasm resources in order to improve the quantity and quality of germplasm resources and the depth and breadth of germplasm resource research and innovation.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an intelligent construction system for rapid breeding of high-yield milk goats comprises a resequencing unit, a chip design unit, a big data acquisition unit, a database construction unit and a chip optimization unit;
the re-sequencing unit is used for selecting a certain number of milk goat samples with extremely different milk yield phenotypes, carrying out GWAS association analysis by using a re-sequencing technology, and primarily screening milk yield related SNP loci to design a first round of chips;
the chip design unit is used for carrying out chip design by primarily screening the SNP loci of milk yield, is used for SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) tapering of large-population samples, and further reduces the range of candidate loci;
the big data acquisition unit is used for selecting milk goat samples with extremely different milk yield phenotypes, and further collecting SNP locus information data related to milk yield of the milk goats by using a chip;
the database construction unit is used for integrating the information obtained by two times of data collection and constructing a milk goat germplasm optimization database integrating data storage, management and analysis;
the chip optimizing unit is used for collecting and analyzing data of all milk goats, optimizing candidate SNP loci, further compressing the number of the chip loci, and improving the accuracy of pre-judging the milk yield of the lambs;
the resequencing unit comprises a SNP module and a GWAS module;
the SNP module is used for analyzing and marking specific DNA fragments reflecting a certain difference in genome among biological individuals or populations, and can be applied to genetic breeding, genome mapping, genetic map construction, gene positioning, species genetic relationship identification and the like;
the GWAS module is used for carrying out genome sequencing on each individual of a natural population with rich genetic diversity, carrying out whole genome association analysis based on a certain statistical method in combination with phenotype data of a target trait, and rapidly obtaining a chromosome segment or a gene locus affecting the phenotype variation of the target trait.
Preferably, the chip design unit comprises a chip design and synthesis module and a chip design evaluation module;
the chip design and synthesis module is designed and synthesized according to the design principle of the ultrahigh density molecular breeding chip;
the design principle of the ultra-high density molecular breeding chip is as follows:
selecting sites with wide representativeness, good polymorphism and high stability;
the loci have reasonable chromosome distribution, so that the whole genome can be better represented and the breeding typing requirement can be met;
mining representative important functional sites according to the latest genome annotation;
screening high polymorphic SNP loci of the resequencing of the goat and the ewe milk goats, complete genome high milk yield trait association analysis loci of the ewes and SNP loci of partial sex chromosomes, and screening loci of representative milk goats according to the principles of locus quality, polymorphism, uniformity and the like to form a milk goat chip;
based on the principle of uniform dot selection of sliding windows, the site spacing is controlled to be about 50kb, the size of a milk goat genome is about 2.6G, and the density of the milk goat chip is recommended to be 50-60k;
according to the weight sequencing data of the goat flocks in the farm and the milk production character functional gene mining result, all the data are evaluated and the sites are screened, and a proper density chip is designed according to the screening result;
the chip design evaluation module comprehensively evaluates SNP locus distribution uniformity, SNP locus functionality and chip detection efficiency quality;
the SNP locus distribution uniformity and the functional evaluation flow are as follows: firstly, performing DNA extraction and quality control, library construction and quality control, target interval liquid phase hybridization and enrichment, second generation sequencing, biological information and data analysis, and finishing chip evaluation of a sample;
the quality of chip detection efficiency is evaluated by evaluating the quality of the detection rate of the sites of the test sample and the consistency of the detection genotypes of the repeated samples, wherein the detection rate of the sites of the test sample is not lower than 95%, and the consistency of the detection genotypes of the repeated samples is not lower than 98%.
Preferably, the database construction unit comprises a phenotype data management and analysis module and a gene data management and analysis module;
the phenotype data management and analysis module is used for managing the phenotype data in the phenotype database and analyzing the recorded phenotype data;
the gene data management and analysis module is used for managing the genotype data in the gene database and analyzing the entered genotype data.
Preferably, the database construction unit further comprises a population genetics analysis module and a whole gene selective breeding analysis module;
the population genetics analysis module is used for analyzing population genetics according to population genetic data;
the whole-gene selective breeding analysis module is used for predicting breeding values of five whole genomes;
the database construction unit further comprises a species genome database integration module.
Preferably, the species genome database integration module is used for integrating the breeding pickup sequence and the genetic structure information, integrating the breeding interval genetic information and integrating the breeding interval functional information.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the system is to analyze genetic similarity and heterozygosity in genetic materials and among materials of the Sacan milk goats through a species genome-wide resequencing technology, in addition, researches such as germplasm identification are carried out through GWAS analysis and special mark development, new genes closely related to milk yield traits of the Sacan goats are searched and positioned, a molecular breeding gene chip which can be used for milk yield prejudging and identifying of the milk goats is designed and synthesized on the basis, and a big data platform integration technology is utilized to complete acquisition, input and analysis of milk goat information, construct a milk goat germplasm resource integrated database, further optimize chip design and provide a convenient database platform and a usable chip technology for milk goat germplasm resource development.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a system block diagram of an intelligent construction system for rapid breeding of high-yield dairy goats;
FIG. 2 is a system block diagram of a resequencing unit of an intelligent construction system for rapid breeding of high-yield dairy goats;
FIG. 3 is a system block diagram of a chip design unit of an intelligent construction system for rapid breeding of high-yield dairy goats;
fig. 4 is a system block diagram of a database construction unit of the intelligent construction system for rapid breeding of high-yield dairy goats.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the described features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise. Furthermore, the terms "mounted," "connected," "coupled," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
Example 1: referring to fig. 1-3: an intelligent construction system for rapid breeding of high-yield milk goats comprises a resequencing unit, a chip design unit, a big data acquisition unit, a database construction unit and a chip optimization unit;
the resequencing unit is used for selecting a certain number of milk goat samples with extremely different milk yield phenotypes, carrying out GWAS correlation analysis by using resequencing technology, and initially screening milk yield related SNP loci to design a first round of chips;
sequencing method: whole genome re-sequencing and Illumina PE150 sequencing;
the analysis method comprises the following steps: mapping the sequencing data to a goat species reference genome for SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) paging, carrying out GWAS (Global positioning System) analysis on associated phenotype data, and searching candidate genes related to milk yield;
the chip design unit is used for carrying out chip design by primarily screening the SNP loci of milk yield, is used for SNP weighing of large-population samples, and further reduces the range of candidate loci;
the big data acquisition unit is used for selecting milk goat samples with extremely different milk yield phenotypes, and further collecting SNP locus information data related to milk yield of the milk goats by using the chip;
the milk goat samples with extremely different milk yield phenotypes were screened as follows:
1) Selecting two groups of ewes with large milk yield difference from the saman goats, wherein 100 goats with high and low yields are respectively started;
2) Body type phenotype data screening reference: chest width, body depth, hip width, nipple length, breast structure, etc.;
3) Milk quality phenotype data screening can be referenced: milk yield, milk fat, milk protein rate, lactation cycle;
4) For the following: disease resistance, meat production and other properties, and the samples are needed to be selected again for experiments;
the database construction unit is used for integrating the information obtained by the two times of data collection and constructing a milk goat germplasm optimization database integrating data storage, management and analysis;
the chip optimizing unit is used for collecting and analyzing the data of all the milk goats, optimizing candidate SNP loci, further compressing the number of the chip loci, improving the accuracy of the milk yield pre-judgment of the lambs, and guaranteeing the accuracy of the pre-judgment to be high by 92%;
the resequencing unit comprises a SNP module and a GWAS module;
the SNP module is used for analyzing and marking specific DNA fragments reflecting a certain difference in genome among biological individuals or populations, and can be applied to genetic breeding, genome mapping, genetic map construction, gene positioning, species genetic relationship identification and the like;
the GWAS module is used for carrying out genome sequencing on each individual of a natural population with rich genetic diversity, carrying out whole genome association analysis based on a certain statistical method in combination with phenotype data of a target trait, and rapidly obtaining a chromosome segment or a gene locus affecting the phenotype variation of the target trait;
the chip design unit comprises a chip design and synthesis module and a chip design evaluation module;
the chip design and synthesis module performs design and synthesis according to the design principle of the ultrahigh density molecular breeding chip;
the design principle of the ultrahigh density molecular breeding chip is as follows:
1) Selecting sites with wide representativeness, good polymorphism and high stability;
2) The loci have reasonable chromosome distribution, so that the whole genome can be better represented and the breeding typing requirement can be met;
3) Mining representative important functional sites according to the latest genome annotation;
screening high polymorphic SNP loci of the resequencing of the goat and the ewe milk goats, complete genome high milk yield trait association analysis loci of the ewes and SNP loci of partial sex chromosomes, and screening loci of representative milk goats according to the principles of locus quality, polymorphism, uniformity and the like to form a milk goat chip;
based on the principle of uniform dot selection of sliding windows, the site spacing is controlled to be about 50kb, the size of a milk goat genome is about 2.6G, and the density of the milk goat chip is recommended to be 50-60k;
can be used for mining results according to weight sequencing data and milk production character functional genes of the goat flocks in the farm, evaluating all data and screening sites, and designing a proper density chip according to screening results;
the chip design evaluation module comprehensively evaluates SNP locus distribution uniformity, SNP locus functionality and chip detection efficiency quality;
the SNP locus distribution uniformity and the functional evaluation flow are as follows: firstly, performing DNA extraction and quality control, library construction and quality control, target interval liquid phase hybridization and enrichment, second generation sequencing, biological information and data analysis, and completing liquid phase chip evaluation of a sample;
the quality of chip detection efficiency is evaluated by evaluating the quality of the detection rate of the sites of the test sample and the consistency of the detection genotypes of the repeated samples, wherein the detection rate of the sites of the test sample is not lower than 95%, and the consistency of the detection genotypes of the repeated samples is not lower than 98%.
Example 2: referring to fig. 2-4: the embodiment provides a technical scheme based on the embodiment 1: the database construction unit comprises a phenotype data management and analysis module and a gene data management and analysis module;
the phenotype data management and analysis module is used for managing the phenotype data in the phenotype database and analyzing the recorded phenotype data;
the gene data management and analysis module is used for managing the genotype data in the gene database and analyzing the entered genotype data;
the database construction unit also comprises a population genetics analysis module and a whole gene selective breeding analysis module;
the population genetics analysis module is used for analyzing population genetics according to population genetic data;
the whole-gene selective breeding analysis module is used for predicting breeding values of five major whole genomes;
the database construction unit also comprises a species genome database integration module;
the species genome database integration module is used for integrating the breeding interval sequence and the gene structure information, integrating the breeding interval gene information and integrating the breeding interval function information.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present invention, should make equivalent substitutions or modifications according to the technical scheme of the present invention and the inventive concept thereof, and should be covered by the scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. The intelligent construction system for rapid breeding of the high-yield milk goats is characterized by comprising a resequencing unit, a chip design unit, a big data acquisition unit, a database construction unit and a chip optimization unit;
the re-sequencing unit is used for selecting a certain number of milk goat samples with extremely different milk yield phenotypes, carrying out GWAS association analysis by using a re-sequencing technology, and primarily screening milk yield related SNP loci to design a first round of chips;
the chip design unit is used for carrying out chip design by primarily screening the SNP loci of milk yield, is used for SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) tapering of large-population samples, and further reduces the range of candidate loci;
the big data acquisition unit is used for selecting milk goat samples with extremely different milk yield phenotypes, and further collecting SNP locus information data related to milk yield of the milk goats by using a chip;
the database construction unit is used for integrating the information obtained by two times of data collection and constructing a milk goat germplasm optimization database integrating data storage, management and analysis;
the chip optimizing unit is used for collecting and analyzing data of all milk goats, optimizing candidate SNP loci, further compressing the number of the chip loci, and improving the accuracy of milk yield pre-judging of the lambs.
2. The intelligent construction system for rapid breeding of high-yield dairy goats according to claim 1, wherein the resequencing unit comprises a SNP module and a GWAS module;
the SNP module is used for analyzing and marking specific DNA fragments reflecting a certain difference in genome among individuals or populations of the organisms;
the GWAS module is used for carrying out genome sequencing on each individual of a natural population with rich genetic diversity, carrying out whole genome association analysis based on a certain statistical method in combination with phenotype data of a target trait, and rapidly obtaining a chromosome segment or a gene locus affecting the phenotype variation of the target trait.
3. The intelligent construction system for rapid breeding of high-yield dairy goats according to claim 1, wherein the chip design unit comprises a chip design and synthesis module and a chip design evaluation module;
the chip design and synthesis module is designed and synthesized according to the design principle of the ultrahigh density molecular breeding chip;
the chip design evaluation module comprehensively evaluates SNP locus distribution uniformity, SNP locus functionality and chip detection efficiency quality.
4. The intelligent construction system for rapid breeding of high-yield dairy goats according to claim 1, wherein the database construction unit comprises a phenotype data management and analysis module and a gene data management and analysis module;
the phenotype data management and analysis module is used for managing the phenotype data in the phenotype database and analyzing the recorded phenotype data;
the gene data management and analysis module is used for managing the genotype data in the gene database and analyzing the entered genotype data.
5. The intelligent construction system for rapid breeding of high-yield dairy goats according to claim 1, wherein the database construction unit further comprises a population genetics analysis module and a whole gene selection breeding analysis module;
the population genetics analysis module is used for analyzing population genetics according to population genetic data;
the whole-gene selective breeding analysis module is used for predicting breeding values of five whole genomes.
6. The intelligent construction system for rapid breeding of high yield dairy goats according to claim 1, wherein the database construction unit further comprises a species genome database integration module;
the species genome database integration module is used for integrating the breeding interval sequence and the gene structure information, integrating the breeding interval gene information and integrating the breeding interval function information.
CN202310700989.6A 2023-06-14 2023-06-14 Intelligent construction system for rapid breeding of high-yield milk goats Pending CN116452155A (en)

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Application publication date: 20230718