CN116441312B - Production process of cold-rolled hard stainless steel strip - Google Patents
Production process of cold-rolled hard stainless steel strip Download PDFInfo
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- CN116441312B CN116441312B CN202310400622.2A CN202310400622A CN116441312B CN 116441312 B CN116441312 B CN 116441312B CN 202310400622 A CN202310400622 A CN 202310400622A CN 116441312 B CN116441312 B CN 116441312B
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- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 239
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 239
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 121
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010731 rolling oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910000954 Medium-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010583 slow cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007847 structural defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B3/00—Rolling materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special rolling methods or sequences ; Rolling of aluminium, copper, zinc or other non-ferrous metals
- B21B3/02—Rolling special iron alloys, e.g. stainless steel
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B15/00—Arrangements for performing additional metal-working operations specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
- B21B15/0007—Cutting or shearing the product
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B45/00—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
- B21B45/02—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills for lubricating, cooling, or cleaning
- B21B45/0269—Cleaning
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C51/00—Measuring, gauging, indicating, counting, or marking devices specially adapted for use in the production or manipulation of material in accordance with subclasses B21B - B21F
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/52—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B15/00—Arrangements for performing additional metal-working operations specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
- B21B2015/0071—Levelling the rolled product
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
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- Metallurgy (AREA)
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- Heat Treatment Of Sheet Steel (AREA)
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Abstract
The application relates to a production process of a cold-rolled hard stainless steel strip, and relates to the technical field of stainless steel strips. Most of the existing blanks for producing cold-rolled stainless steel strips are low-carbon steel with carbon content lower than 0.25%, and in the existing production process of the cold-rolled stainless steel strips, the annealing temperature is too high, so that the hardness of the cold-rolled stainless steel strips is reduced, the produced stainless steel strips are soft stainless steel strips, the production capacity of the hard stainless steel strips is affected, and the mechanical properties of the produced stainless steel strips are poor. The method comprises the following steps: preparing rollers, preparing blanks, rolling for multiple times, heat treating, cleaning finished products, stretch bending and straightening, polishing burrs, cutting, inspecting, packaging and warehousing. The application has the effects of improving the production capacity of the hard stainless steel strip and improving the performance of the cold-rolled hard stainless steel strip.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of stainless steel strips, in particular to a production process of a cold-rolled hard stainless steel strip.
Background
The cold-rolled stainless steel strip is a steel strip which is manufactured by taking hot-rolled stainless steel as a blank and further cold-rolling, and is rubber hot-rolled, and the cold-rolled stainless steel strip has higher dimensional accuracy and lower surface roughness, and meanwhile, the cold-rolled stainless steel strip has good surface quality, smoothness and high strength, and has important application in the aspect of electronic industrial production.
In the related art, stainless steel belts are divided into hard stainless steel belts and soft stainless steel belts, the two belts are distinguished by hardness, the hard stainless steel belt with high hardness and the soft stainless steel belt with low hardness are used for processing without bending, and the soft stainless steel belt is used for processing requiring stretch forming. The inventor finds that when the existing cold rolled stainless steel strip is processed, the internal residual stress of the stainless steel strip is removed through annealing, so that the effect of improving the cutting processing performance of the stainless steel strip is achieved, while the existing annealing process of the stainless steel strip is fixed in format, and the annealing is always carried out at a high temperature of 1150 ℃ or higher, so that a soft stainless steel strip with smaller hardness is easily formed, and the productivity of the hard stainless steel strip is reduced, so that the improvement is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the production capacity of the hard stainless steel strip and the performance of the cold-rolled hard stainless steel strip, the application provides a production process of the cold-rolled hard stainless steel strip.
The production process of the cold-rolled hard stainless steel strip provided by the application adopts the following technical scheme:
the production process of the cold-rolled hard stainless steel strip comprises the following steps:
preparing a roller: selecting a plurality of working rolls with qualified sizes and appearances according to the size of the hard stainless steel strip to be rolled;
blank preparation: selecting stainless steel coil blanks with specified specifications, wherein the carbon content of the stainless steel coil blanks is more than or equal to 0.25%, and rewinding the stainless steel coil blanks after the surfaces of the stainless steel coil blanks are polished and polished to be qualified;
and (3) rolling and heat treatment for multiple times: rolling the stainless steel coil blank from thick to thin, wherein the rolling process comprises primary rolling, secondary rolling and tertiary rolling, the rolled stainless steel coil blank is subjected to a heat treatment process, the heat treatment process comprises primary solution annealing and primary low-temperature annealing, the solution annealing is carried out after the primary rolling is finished, the low-temperature annealing is carried out after the secondary rolling is finished, and the finished product of the hard stainless steel strip is manufactured after the tertiary rolling is finished;
and (3) cleaning a finished product: cleaning the finished hard stainless steel strip to remove rolling oil on the surface of the finished hard stainless steel strip, wherein alkaline liquid is selected as cleaning liquid for the cleaning line;
stretch bending and straightening: performing shape correction on the cleaned finished hard stainless steel band;
polishing burrs: polishing the finished hard stainless steel belt and removing burrs;
and (3) cutting and checking: cutting, sampling and testing the finished hard stainless steel strip;
packaging and warehousing: packaging the finished hard stainless steel into a warehouse, and having dustproof and waterproof effects.
By adopting the technical scheme, the stainless steel coil blank with the carbon content higher than 0.25% does not belong to low carbon steel, most of blanks selected in the existing production process of the cold-rolled stainless steel belt are low carbon steel with the carbon content lower than 0.25%, the produced stainless steel belt has low carbon content, low hardness and soft stainless steel belt, so that the stainless steel belt cannot be applied to process production with larger hardness requirement, and the production energy of the hard stainless steel belt can be fundamentally improved by selecting the blank with the proper carbon content, so that the production process has higher economic benefit; meanwhile, unlike the prior art that two solution annealing is adopted, the heat treatment process of the application only comprises one solution annealing, the second heat treatment is low-temperature annealing with lower temperature, the stainless steel belt is further softened with higher annealing temperature, the hardness of the stainless steel belt is reduced, compared with the solution annealing, the low-temperature annealing can effectively reduce the removal amount of carbide from the stainless steel belt, and the stainless steel belt can be hardened through the precipitation of carbide, so that the strength and hardness of the stainless steel belt are effectively improved.
Preferably, the thickness of the stainless steel coil blank is 1.0-2.0mm, the stainless steel coil blank is rolled into a stainless steel strip with the thickness of 0.25-0.50mm by the primary rolling, the stainless steel strip with the thickness of 0.25-0.50mm is rolled into a stainless steel strip with the thickness of 0.10-0.20mm by the secondary rolling, and the stainless steel strip with the thickness of 0.10-0.20mm is rolled into a stainless steel strip with the thickness of 0.055-0.110mm by the tertiary rolling.
By adopting the technical scheme, the rolling process is divided into three sections, so that the stainless steel coil can be rolled to a certain thickness and then subjected to timely heat treatment so as to consolidate the mechanical properties of the rolled stainless steel strip, the problem that the stainless steel strip is broken due to overlarge single rolling reduction is effectively solved, the production safety of the hard stainless steel strip can be effectively improved, and the physical properties of the hard stainless steel strip can be improved.
Preferably, in the primary rolling, the primary rolling reduction is less than or equal to 75 percent, the primary rolling comprises 8-9 rolling passes, the working rolls used in the primary rolling are bright rolls with the diameter of Ra0.4-0.8 mu m, and the diameter of the working rolls is less than or equal to 45mm.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, in the primary pricking, with the rolling reduction of stainless steel coil within 75%, make stainless steel coil blank receive the thickness that pushes down more than half, follow-up after the first heat treatment, can stabilize the mechanical properties of stainless steel band, simultaneously, the primary rolling has controlled the rolling reduction, thereby can effectively reduce the stainless steel coil and appear cracked probability in rolling process, improve the quality of finished product stainless steel band.
Preferably, in the secondary rolling, the secondary rolling reduction is less than or equal to 60 percent, the secondary rolling comprises 8-9 rolling passes, the working rolls used in the secondary rolling are bright rolls with the diameter of Ra0.4-0.8 mu m, and the diameter of the working rolls is less than or equal to 45mm.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, after the solution annealing of the primary heat treatment process again, the semi-manufactured goods stainless steel strip through first rolling has preliminarily had relatively stable mechanical properties, and solution annealing temperature is higher for semi-manufactured goods stainless steel strip preliminarily possesses soft state, can carry out secondary rolling to semi-manufactured goods stainless steel strip this moment, makes the stainless steel strip can further become thin, and obtains more stable mechanical properties, effectively reduces the cracked probability of stainless steel strip simultaneously, has higher security.
Preferably, in the three times of rolling, the three times of rolling comprises 8-9 rolling passes, wherein the working rolls used in the three times of rolling are bright rolls with the diameter of Ra0.2-0.6 mu m, and the diameter of the working rolls is less than or equal to 45mm.
By adopting the technical scheme, the semi-finished stainless steel strip subjected to low-temperature annealing has certain hardness, the thickness of the stainless steel strip can be further compressed through three times of rolling, so that the stainless steel strip is thinner, and the stainless steel strip has stable mechanical properties and higher hardness through three times of rolling and twice annealing, so that the produced cold-rolled stainless steel strip is a hard stainless steel strip, and the quality of the stainless steel strip is improved.
Preferably, the annealing temperature of the solution annealing is 1160-1190 ℃ and the annealing speed is 20-25m/min.
By adopting the technical scheme, the temperature of solution annealing is controlled between 1160 and 1190 ℃, partial carbide precipitation on the stainless steel strip can be removed rapidly, partial hardening and residual stress inside the stainless steel strip can be eliminated, the stainless steel strip can be softened, mechanical properties are improved, secondary rolling of the semi-finished stainless steel strip is facilitated, and the stainless steel strip can be further thinned.
Preferably, the annealing temperature of the low-temperature annealing is 820-900 ℃, and the annealing speed is 25-30m/min by controlling temperature and slow cooling in the low-temperature annealing.
By adopting the technical scheme, the low-temperature annealing is used as the second heat treatment process, compared with solution annealing, the temperature control of the low-temperature annealing is lower, and partial carbide precipitation can be reserved, so that the stainless steel strip subjected to the second heat treatment can have higher hardness, and meanwhile, the cooling speed is slowed down, and the residual stress in the stainless steel strip can be further eliminated.
Preferably, the heat treatment process further comprises a primary degreasing and a secondary degreasing, wherein the primary degreasing and the secondary degreasing are used for removing grease remained on the surface of the semi-finished stainless steel strip in the rolling process, the solution annealing is performed after the primary degreasing is completed, and the low-temperature annealing is performed after the secondary degreasing is completed.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, in time carry out degreasing cleaning after the stainless steel strip rolls, can get rid of the oil stain of remaining on the stainless steel strip surface, keep semi-manufactured goods stainless steel strip surface clean, can effectively improve the security of carrying out annealing process afterwards for the stainless steel strip can obtain abundant thermal treatment.
Preferably, in the heat treatment step, the annealing furnace for heat treatment is filled with a hydrogen-rich shielding gas.
By adopting the technical scheme, the whole hydrogen is introduced into the annealing furnace for protection, so that the surface of the stainless steel strip can be prevented from being excessively oxidized, and the hardness and quality of the finished stainless steel strip are effectively protected.
Preferably, the chromium content of the stainless steel coil blank is more than or equal to 18%, and the nickel content of the stainless steel coil blank is more than or equal to 8%.
By adopting the technical scheme, the properties of plasticity, weldability, toughness and the like of the stainless steel band can be effectively improved by arranging enough chromium and nickel, so that the quality of the stainless steel band can be improved.
In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
1. the stainless steel coil blank with the carbon content higher than 0.25% does not belong to low carbon steel, most of blanks selected in the existing production process of the cold-rolled stainless steel belt are low carbon steel with the carbon content lower than 0.25%, the produced stainless steel belt has low carbon content, the hardness is generally low, the stainless steel belt belongs to a soft stainless steel belt, the stainless steel belt cannot be applied to process production with larger hardness requirements, and the energy production of the hard stainless steel belt can be fundamentally improved by selecting the blank with the proper carbon content, so that the stainless steel belt has higher economic benefit; meanwhile, unlike the mode of adopting twice solution annealing in the prior art, the heat treatment process of the application only comprises one solution annealing, the second heat treatment is low-temperature annealing with lower temperature, the higher the annealing temperature is, the stainless steel belt is further softened, the hardness of the stainless steel belt is reduced, compared with the solution annealing, the low-temperature annealing can effectively reduce the removal amount of carbide from the stainless steel belt, so that the stainless steel belt can be hardened through the precipitation of the carbide, and the strength and hardness of the stainless steel belt are effectively improved;
2. the rolling procedure is divided into three sections, so that the stainless steel coil can be rolled to a certain thickness and then subjected to timely heat treatment so as to consolidate the mechanical properties of the rolled stainless steel strip, and meanwhile, the stainless steel strip is rolled for a certain number of times, so that the mechanical properties are more stable, the problem that the stainless steel strip is broken due to overlarge single rolling reduction is solved, and the production safety of the hard stainless steel strip can be effectively improved.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to examples and comparative examples.
Examples
Examples 1 to 5
The following description will take example 1 as an example.
Example 1
In this example, a cold rolled hard stainless steel strip was prepared as follows:
step one: preparing rollers, namely selecting a plurality of pairs of working rollers with different sizes according to the size specification of a stainless steel strip to be prepared, and performing primary rolling, secondary rolling and tertiary rolling on stainless steel coil blanks, wherein the selected working rollers are qualified in appearance, and the diameters of the working rollers are less than 45 mm;
the working rolls used in the primary rolling and the secondary rolling are bright rolls with the diameter of Ra0.6mu m; the working rolls used in the three-time rolling are bright rolls with the diameter of Ra0.4mu m;
step two: preparing a blank, namely selecting a stainless steel coil blank with a specified specification, wherein the thickness of the stainless steel coil is 1.0mm, the width of the stainless steel coil blank is 620mm, the carbon content of the stainless steel coil blank is 0.25%, the chromium content of the stainless steel coil blank is 18%, the nickel content of the stainless steel coil blank is 8%, and the surface of the stainless steel coil blank is polished and polished to be smooth without obvious scratches and stains;
and rewinding the stainless steel coil through a rewinding machine after the stainless steel coil blank is checked to be qualified, wherein the speed of the rewinding machine is set to be 30m/min so as to ensure the trimming of the steel curled edge.
Step three: rolling a stainless steel coil blank with the thickness of 1.0mm and the width of 620mm in the second step from thick to thin through a 20-roll mill, wherein the rolling reduction is controlled to be 75%, the first rolling comprises 9 rolls, the rolling reduction of the first six rolls is controlled to be 10%, and the rolling reduction of the last three rolls is controlled to be 5%; observing the thickness detection panel at the required time in the rolling process, and timely adjusting the rack of the rolling mill to improve the shape of the semi-finished stainless steel strip;
requirements for rolling mill: the front-back tension of the rolling mill is set to 25%, the rolling force is set to 15%, the oil temperature used for rolling is controlled to 35-45 ℃, the rolling speed is set to 300m/min, and the stainless steel coil in the second step is rolled to obtain a semi-finished stainless steel band with the thickness of 0.25 mm.
Step four: carrying out solution annealing, namely degreasing and cleaning the semi-finished stainless steel strip with the thickness of 0.25mm in the third step, removing oil stains remained on the surface of the semi-finished stainless steel strip after primary rolling, carrying out solution annealing on the semi-finished stainless steel strip in an annealing furnace after cleaning, removing partial carbide precipitates, softening the semi-finished stainless steel strip, removing partial stress, and improving mechanical properties; in the annealing process, introducing full hydrogen gas into the annealing furnace for protection so as to prevent the surface of the semi-finished stainless steel strip from being excessively oxidized; in the solution annealing process, the temperature is set at 1170 ℃, the annealing speed is set at 20m/min, the tension is set at 2T, and the dew point meter is not higher than 40 ℃ td, so that the semi-finished stainless steel strip with the hardness of 170-200 HV is obtained.
Step five: rolling the semi-finished stainless steel strip with the thickness of 0.25mm in the fourth step from thick to thin through a 20-roll mill, wherein the rolling reduction is controlled to be 60%, the secondary rolling comprises 9 rolling steps, the rolling reduction of the first six rolling steps is controlled to be 8%, and the rolling reduction of the last three rolling steps is controlled to be 4%; observing the thickness detection panel at the required time in the rolling process, and timely adjusting the rack of the rolling mill to improve the shape of the semi-finished stainless steel strip;
requirements for rolling mill: the front-back tension of the rolling mill is set to 25%, the rolling force is set to 20%, the oil temperature used for rolling is controlled to 35-45 ℃, the rolling speed is set to 300m/min, and the stainless steel coil in the fourth step is rolled to obtain a semi-finished stainless steel band with the thickness of 0.10 mm.
Step six: performing low-temperature annealing, namely degreasing and cleaning the semi-finished stainless steel strip with the thickness of 0.10mm in the fifth step, removing oil stains on the surface of the semi-finished stainless steel strip after secondary rolling, and after cleaning, introducing the semi-finished stainless steel strip into an annealing furnace for low-temperature annealing, slowly cooling in the low-temperature annealing process, retaining partial carbide precipitation, and improving the hardness of the stainless steel strip; in the annealing process, introducing full hydrogen gas into the annealing furnace for protection so as to prevent the surface of the semi-finished stainless steel strip from being excessively oxidized; in the low-temperature annealing process, the temperature is set at 850 ℃, the annealing speed is set at 25m/min, the tension is set at 2T, and the dew point meter is not higher than 40 ℃ td, so that the semi-finished stainless steel strip with the hardness of 300-350 HV is obtained.
Step seven: rolling the semi-finished stainless steel strip with the thickness of 0.1mm in the step six from thick to thin, wherein the rolling reduction rate is controlled to be 45%, the three-time rolling comprises 9 rolling steps, the rolling reduction rate of the first six rolling steps is controlled to be 6%, and the rolling reduction rate of the last three rolling steps is controlled to be 3%; observing the thickness detection panel at the required time in the rolling process, and timely adjusting the rack of the rolling mill to improve the shape of the semi-finished stainless steel strip;
requirements for rolling mill: the front-back tension of the rolling mill is set to 15%, the rolling force is set to 12%, the oil temperature used for rolling is controlled to 35-45 ℃, the rolling speed is set to 200m/min, and the stainless steel coil in the step six is rolled to obtain a hard stainless steel band with the thickness of 0.055mm and the hardness of 600 HV.
Step eight: and D, cleaning the finished product hard stainless steel strip in the step seven to remove rolling oil on the surface of the finished product hard stainless steel strip, wherein alkaline liquid is selected as cleaning liquid for the cleaning line.
Step nine: and (3) stretch bending and straightening, namely performing shape correction on the finished product hard stainless steel strip in the cleaning step eight, stretching the finished product stainless steel strip through a stretching and straightening machine, setting the tension to 6000KN and the speed to 70m/min so as to improve the surface defects of the stainless steel strip, such as edge collapse, bubbling, side slopes and the like.
Step ten: and (3) polishing burrs, namely polishing burrs on the side edges of the stainless steel belt through a polishing machine by using a grinding wheel to finally obtain the finished cold-rolled hard stainless steel belt with the thickness of 0.055mm and the hardness of 600 HV.
Step eleven: and (3) cutting and checking, namely cutting, sampling and testing the finished hard stainless steel strip in the step ten.
Step twelve: packaging and warehousing, namely packaging the finished hard stainless steel in the eleventh step into a warehouse, and having dustproof and waterproof effects.
As shown in Table 1, examples 1-5 differ primarily in the carbon content of the stainless steel coil stock selected.
TABLE 1
| Sample of | Carbon content of the blank |
| Example 1 | 0.25％ |
| Example 2 | 0.30％ |
| Example 3 | 0.35％ |
| Example 4 | 0.40％ |
| Example 5 | 0.45％ |
Examples 6 to 8
As shown in table 2, example 1 is different from examples 6 to 8 in terms of reduction rate of one rolling.
TABLE 2
| Sample of | Reduction of three passes |
| Example 6 | 70％ |
| Example 7 | 65％ |
| Example 8 | 60％ |
Examples 9 to 13
As shown in table 3, example 8 differs from the present examples 9 to 13 in the temperature of the low-temperature annealing.
TABLE 3 Table 3
| Sample of | Low temperature annealing temperature |
| Example 9 | 820℃ |
| Example 10 | 840℃ |
| Example 11 | 860℃ |
| Example 12 | 880℃ |
| Example 13 | 900℃ |
Examples 14 to 17
As shown in Table 4, example 9 differs from this example 14-17 in the rate of low temperature annealing.
TABLE 4 Table 4
| Sample of | Low temperature annealing speed |
| Example 14 | 21m/min |
| Example 15 | 23m/min |
| Example 16 | 27m/min |
| Example 17 | 29m/min |
Examples 18 to 21
As shown in Table 5, example 14 differs from this example 18-21 in the temperature of the solution annealing.
TABLE 5
| Sample of | Solution annealing temperature |
| Example 18 | 1150℃ |
| Example 19 | 1160℃ |
| Example 20 | 1180℃ |
| Example 21 | 1190℃ |
Examples 22 to 25
As shown in Table 6, example 18 differs from the present examples 22-25 in the speed of solution annealing.
TABLE 6
Example 26
As shown in table 7, example 1 differs from this example in the chromium content of the stainless steel strip stock.
TABLE 7
| Sample of | Chromium content |
| Example 26 | 20％ |
Example 27
As shown in table 8, example 1 differs from this example in the nickel content of the stainless steel strip stock.
TABLE 8
| Sample of | Nickel content |
| Example 27 | 10％ |
Comparative example
This comparative example differs from example 1 in that the carbon content of the stainless steel coil stock was 0.15%.
Performance test
TABLE 9
In combination with example 1 and comparative example, and referring to table 9, it can be seen that when other parameters are unchanged, after the carbon content of the stainless steel coil blank exceeds 0.25%, the blank belongs to medium carbon steel, and compared with the low carbon steel with the carbon content of 0.15% in comparative example, the same process flow has a larger difference in hardness of the finally manufactured stainless steel strip, and the hardness of the stainless steel strip manufactured by using the medium carbon steel as the raw material is far greater than that of the stainless steel strip manufactured by using the low carbon steel as the raw material, and the hardness reaches the standard of the hard stainless steel strip, which indicates that the raw material with the carbon content above the medium carbon steel and the medium carbon steel is more suitable for manufacturing the hard steel strip.
As can be seen by combining examples 1 to 5 and referring to table 9, when other parameters are unchanged, the hardness of the stainless steel strip can be further improved after the carbon content in the stainless steel coil blank is slightly increased, and the brittleness of the stainless steel strip is also small due to the small increase of the carbon content, so that the overall strength of the stainless steel strip can be effectively improved.
As can be seen from the combination of examples 1 and examples 6 to 8 and referring to table 9, when the reduction ratio of the primary rolling is decreased as other parameters are not changed, the hardness tends to be decreased, and thus it is found that the primary rolling requires the reduction ratio to be controlled to example 1 in order to sufficiently increase the hardness of the stainless steel strip.
In combination with examples 1, 8 and 9-13, and referring to table 9, it can be seen that, under the condition of the other parameters, as the low-temperature annealing temperature is continuously increased, the hardness of the stainless steel strip gradually decreases, and apart from the hardness of the stainless steel strip, there is a certain decrease in tensile strength of the stainless steel strip mainly due to the increase in temperature, the decrease in austenite content and the increase in martensite content in the stainless steel strip, so that the temperature in example 8 is the preferred temperature for preparing the hard stainless steel strip.
In combination with examples 9 and examples 14 to 17, and referring to Table 9, it can be seen that, with the continuous increase of the low-temperature annealing speed, the cooling speed of the heat-treated stainless steel strip was indirectly increased, so that the falling speed of carbide precipitates in the stainless steel strip was increased, thereby causing the hardness of the stainless steel strip to gradually decrease.
In combination with examples 14 and examples 18-21 and referring to table 9, it can be seen that, with the increase of the solution annealing temperature, carbide precipitates in the stainless steel strip are rapidly removed, and the internal residual stress and the elimination speed of the structural defects are also improved, so that the stainless steel strip can be further softened, and the stainless steel coil blank with low carbon steel as the raw material will form soft steel after multiple rounds of solution annealing.
In combination with examples 18 and examples 22-25, and referring to Table 9, it can be seen that, with the other parameters unchanged, as the solution annealing speed was increased, the cooling speed of the heat-treated stainless steel strip was indirectly increased, so that the falling speed of carbide precipitates inside the stainless steel strip was increased, thereby causing the hardness of the stainless steel strip to gradually decrease.
In combination with examples 1, 22 and 26, and with reference to table 9, it can be seen that properly increasing the chromium content of the stainless steel coil stock, without changing other parameters, effectively increases the hardness of the stainless steel strip, indicating that the carbon and chromium in the stainless steel strip have a higher affinity, and the hardness of the stainless steel strip is increased, indicating that the carbon and chromium are able to form a series of complex carbides, thereby increasing the hardness.
As can be seen from the combination of examples 1, 22 and 27 and referring to table 9, increasing the nickel content of the stainless steel coil stock without changing other parameters did not significantly increase the hardness of the stainless steel strip, indicating that increasing the nickel content only increases the corrosion resistance and other properties of the stainless steel strip, but does not significantly increase the hardness.
In summary, by comprehensively considering each parameter and the performance test result, the parameter setting of the embodiment 26 is better, so that the stainless steel band under the parameter has higher hardness, the temperature used for heat treatment is lower, and the annealing efficiency and the annealing quality are obviously improved.
The above embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the present application, so: all equivalent changes in structure, shape and principle of the application should be covered in the scope of protection of the application.
Claims (8)
1. The production process of the cold-rolled hard stainless steel strip is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
preparing a roller: selecting a plurality of working rolls with qualified sizes and appearances according to the size of the hard stainless steel strip to be rolled;
blank preparation: selecting stainless steel coil blanks with specified specifications, wherein the carbon content of the stainless steel coil blanks is more than or equal to 0.25%, and rewinding the stainless steel coil blanks after the surfaces of the stainless steel coil blanks are polished and polished to be qualified;
and (3) rolling and heat treatment for multiple times: rolling the stainless steel coil blank from thick to thin, wherein the rolling process comprises primary rolling, secondary rolling and tertiary rolling, the rolled stainless steel coil blank is subjected to a heat treatment process, the heat treatment process comprises primary solution annealing and primary low-temperature annealing, the solution annealing is carried out after the primary rolling is finished, the low-temperature annealing is carried out after the secondary rolling is finished, and the finished product of the hard stainless steel strip is manufactured after the tertiary rolling is finished;
and (3) cleaning a finished product: cleaning the finished hard stainless steel strip to remove rolling oil on the surface of the finished hard stainless steel strip, wherein alkaline liquid is selected as cleaning liquid for the cleaning line;
stretch bending and straightening: performing plate type correction on the cleaned finished hard stainless steel strip;
polishing burrs: polishing the finished hard stainless steel belt and removing burrs;
and (3) cutting and checking: cutting, sampling and testing the finished hard stainless steel strip;
packaging and warehousing: packaging the finished hard stainless steel into a warehouse, and having dustproof and waterproof effects;
the annealing temperature of the solution annealing is 1160-1190 ℃ and the annealing speed is 20-25m/min;
the annealing temperature of the low-temperature annealing is 820-900 ℃, the temperature is controlled and slowly cooled in the low-temperature annealing, and the annealing speed is 25-30m/min.
2. The process for producing cold rolled hard stainless steel strip according to claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the stainless steel coil blank is 1.0-2.0mm, the stainless steel coil blank is rolled into a stainless steel strip with the thickness of 0.25-0.50mm by the primary rolling, the stainless steel strip with the thickness of 0.25-0.50mm is rolled into a stainless steel strip with the thickness of 0.10-0.20mm by the secondary rolling, and the stainless steel strip with the thickness of 0.10-0.20mm is rolled into a stainless steel strip with the thickness of 0.055-0.110mm by the tertiary rolling.
3. The process for producing cold rolled hard stainless steel strip according to claim 2, wherein: in the primary rolling, the primary rolling reduction is less than or equal to 75 percent, the primary rolling comprises 8-9 rolling passes, the working rolls used in the primary rolling are bright rolls with the diameter of Ra0.4-0.8 mu m, and the diameter of the working rolls is less than or equal to 45mm.
4. The process for producing cold rolled hard stainless steel strip according to claim 2, wherein: in the secondary rolling, the secondary rolling reduction is less than or equal to 60 percent, the secondary rolling comprises 8-9 rolling passes, the working rolls used in the secondary rolling are bright rolls with the diameter of Ra0.4-0.8 mu m, and the diameter of the working rolls is less than or equal to 45mm.
5. The process for producing cold rolled hard stainless steel strip according to claim 2, wherein: in the three-time rolling, the three-time rolling comprises 8-9 rolling passes, wherein a working roll used in the three-time rolling is a bright roll with the diameter of Ra0.2-0.6 mu m, and the diameter of the working roll is less than or equal to 45mm.
6. The process for producing cold rolled hard stainless steel strip according to claim 1, wherein: the heat treatment process further comprises primary degreasing and secondary degreasing, the primary degreasing and the secondary degreasing are used for removing grease remained on the surface of the semi-finished stainless steel strip in the rolling process, solution annealing is performed after the primary degreasing is completed, and low-temperature annealing is performed after the secondary degreasing is completed.
7. The process for producing cold rolled hard stainless steel strip according to claim 6, wherein: in the heat treatment process, the annealing furnace for heat treatment is filled with full hydrogen shielding gas.
8. The process for producing cold rolled hard stainless steel strip according to claim 1, wherein: the chromium content of the stainless steel coil blank is more than or equal to 18 percent, and the nickel content of the stainless steel coil blank is more than or equal to 8 percent.
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| CN115532827A (en) * | 2022-10-31 | 2022-12-30 | 江苏贯森新材料科技有限公司 | Preparation method of ultrathin stainless steel band |
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| JP2000167635A (en) * | 1998-12-08 | 2000-06-20 | Sanyo Special Steel Co Ltd | Method for cold rolling medium carbon steel |
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