CN116430938B - Soft start control module, system and method - Google Patents
Soft start control module, system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN116430938B CN116430938B CN202310687400.3A CN202310687400A CN116430938B CN 116430938 B CN116430938 B CN 116430938B CN 202310687400 A CN202310687400 A CN 202310687400A CN 116430938 B CN116430938 B CN 116430938B
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- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
- G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current
- G05F1/46—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc
- G05F1/56—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices
- G05F1/561—Voltage to current converters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
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- Continuous-Control Power Sources That Use Transistors (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a soft start control module, a system and a method, wherein the soft start control module comprises a DAC module, a time window module, a first switch and a second switch; the DAC module is connected with one end of the first switch, one end of the second switch is connected with a control voltage signal VCTRL, the time window module is used for controlling the first switch and the second switch to be opened at different time, and when the first switch or the second switch is opened, the other end of the first switch or the other end of the second switch outputs the control voltage signal VCTRL. The invention not only can realize the control of the soft start rate, but also can finely control the amplitude and the rising rate of the output voltage of the linear voltage stabilizer.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of integrated circuits, and in particular, to a soft start control module, system and method.
Background
The low dropout linear regulator (LowDropoutLinearRegulator, LDO) is one of the most widely used regulated supply circuits. In the design of the soft start process, the minimum output voltage overshoot is required in a short start time.
In the prior art, a multi-power device time-sharing conduction technology is generally adopted, and an external capacitor is charged with a relatively constant current through a delay circuit and a time-sharing conduction power device, so that the power-on rate of a linear power supply is relatively constant, and the power-on effect of the constant rate is realized. However, the delay change of the delay circuit is large, the voltage of the control end of the power device is not a controllable value, so that the change of the power-on rate is easy to cause large changes along with the process and temperature, and in addition, large current can occur to each stage of power device, and the problem of device reliability is easy to occur.
Or, in the prior art, a method of a current comparator is generally adopted, and the current limitation of different power devices is realized by dynamically adjusting the magnitude of the reference current, so that the soft start power-on process of the linear voltage stabilizer is realized. The disadvantage is that it is difficult to achieve fine soft start power-up regulation granularity due to the very large ratio between the reference current and the current limit of the power converter, typically over a few thousand times.
Therefore, a soft start control module, system and method are needed to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a soft start control module, a system and a method, which not only can realize the control of a soft start rate, but also can finely control the amplitude and the rising rate of the output voltage of a linear voltage stabilizer.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a soft start control module, which comprises a DAC module, a time window module, a first switch and a second switch;
the DAC module is connected with one end of the first switch, one end of the second switch is connected with a control voltage signal VCTRL, the time window module is used for controlling the first switch and the second switch to be opened at different time, and when the first switch or the second switch is opened, the other end of the first switch or the other end of the second switch outputs the control voltage signal VCTRL.
Further, the time window module controls the first switch to be turned on or off through a first switch control signal Tain.
Further, the time window module controls the second switch to be turned on or off through a second switch control signal Twomb.
Further, the time window module comprises a digital counter and a combinational logic module matched with the digital counter.
Further, the time window module includes a plurality of triggers for adjusting a time window size.
In addition, the invention also comprises a soft start control system which comprises the soft start control module and a loop circuit, wherein the loop circuit comprises a power tube, an error amplifier and a divider resistor;
the grid electrode of the power tube is connected with the first switch and the second switch, the drain electrode of the power tube is grounded through the voltage dividing resistor, and the source electrode of the power tube is connected with the power supply voltage; and a control voltage signal VCTRL at the output end of the error amplifier is transmitted to the grid electrode of the power tube through the second switch, and the non-inverting input end of the control voltage signal VCTRL is connected with the voltage dividing node of the voltage dividing resistor.
Further, the loop circuit also comprises a filter capacitor and a load resistor; one end of the filter capacitor is connected between the voltage dividing resistor and the power tube, and the other end of the filter capacitor is grounded; one end of the load resistor is connected with one end of the filter capacitor, and the other end of the load resistor is grounded.
In addition, the invention also provides a soft start control method, which adopts the soft start control module or the soft start control system, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
conducting the soft start control module with the input end of the loop circuit, and transmitting a control voltage signal VCTRL output by the soft start control module to the input end of the loop circuit;
when the output voltage vldo_out in the loop circuit rises to a preset voltage value, the time window module is switched to be in conduction with the input end of the loop circuit, so that the control voltage signal VCTRL output by the error amplifier is transmitted to the input end of the loop circuit.
Further, the method further comprises the following steps: and conducting the DAC module and the grid electrode of the power tube through the time window module, and inputting a signal to the DAC module to obtain the control voltage signal VCTRL, wherein the output voltage VLDO_OUT of the power tube linearly changes along with the linear change of the control voltage signal VCTRL until the output voltage VLDO_OUT reaches a preset voltage value.
Further, when the output voltage vldo_out of the power tube rises to a predetermined voltage value, the control voltage signal VCTRL output by the error amplifier is a steady-state voltage, and is switched to the conduction between the error amplifier and the gate of the power tube by the time window module, so that the current of the power tube changes steadily.
Through the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
through the setting of DAC module, time window module, first switch sw0 and second switch sw1 to and the DAC module links to each other with the one end of first switch, and the one end of second switch inserts control voltage signal VCTRL, and time window module is used for controlling first switch and second switch and opens at different time, and when first switch or second switch opened, the other end of first switch or the other end of second switch output control voltage signal VCTRL. The conduction of the power tube MP0 in the loop circuit is controlled from two dimensions of the amplitude and the time of the control signal, so that the amplitude and the rising rate of the output voltage VLDO_OUT of the loop circuit can be very finely controlled, and the control accuracy of soft start is greatly improved. And through the amplitude and the conduction time of the soft start voltage, the power tube MP0 cannot generate large start current in the starting process, so that the impact on the power tube MP0 can be reduced, and the reliability is improved.
In addition, the soft start control module can be accurately adjusted according to different chips and external components so as to achieve the best starting effect, and has very wide application occasions. And the method has good practicability and control precision for the sizes of different external filter capacitors Cext, and expands the application field of soft start.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a soft start control module according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a structure of a time window module in a soft start control module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a soft start control system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a soft start control method according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 5 is a timing diagram of a soft start control method according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
A soft start control module, system and method of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the drawings, in which preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown, it being understood that one skilled in the art may modify the invention described herein while still achieving the beneficial effects of the invention. Accordingly, the following description is to be construed as broadly known to those skilled in the art and not as limiting the invention.
The invention is more particularly described by way of example in the following paragraphs with reference to the drawings. The advantages and features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description. It should be noted that the drawings are in a very simplified form and are all to a non-precise scale, merely for convenience and clarity in aiding in the description of embodiments of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention proposes a soft start control module, which includes a DAC module (Digital to analog converter, digital-to-analog converter), a time window module, a first switch sw0 and a second switch sw1. Wherein the DAC module is the digital-to-analog converter in FIG. 1.
Specifically, the DAC module is connected to one end of the first switch sw0, one end of the second switch sw1 is connected to the control voltage signal VCTRL, and the time window module is configured to control the first switch sw0 and the second switch sw1 to be opened (when the first switch sw0 or the second switch sw1 is opened, the other end of the first switch sw0 or the other end of the second switch sw1 outputs the control voltage signal VCTRL) at different times (when the first switch sw0 or the second switch sw1 is opened, which indicates a circuit connection state).
The time window module generates a first switch sw0 control signal Twin and a second switch sw1 control signal Twin. Further, the time window module controls the first switch sw0 to be turned on or turned off through a first switch sw0 control signal Twin. And the time window module controls the second switch sw1 to be opened or closed through a second switch sw1 control signal Twomb.
In this embodiment, the time window module includes a digital counter and a combinational logic module that cooperates with the digital counter.
And the time window module further comprises a trigger for adjusting the size of the time window. Preferably, the number of the triggers is a plurality.
In a specific example, the time window module may be implemented by a digital counter and a combinational logic (Combination logic), as shown in connection with fig. 2. The size of the time window can be flexibly adjusted by adjusting the number of the connected triggers.
In a specific example, the embodiment uses a digital auxiliary soft start implementation method, and in the power-on process, the output of the DAC module is adopted as the control voltage signal VCTRL of the input end of the loop circuit by the aid of the time window module, and very fine soft start adjustment step size can be realized by the aid of the 4-8-bit DAC module. In addition, the speed of soft start can be adjusted by adjusting the size of a time window of the DAC module, wherein the size of the time window is determined by the number of clock cycles of the counter, and the granularity can be as fine as one clock cycle. The control of the soft start rate is achieved digitally, wherein the amplitude of the loop circuit control voltage signal VCTRL is achieved by the DAC module, and the duration of the control is determined by a digitally controlled clock count window, so that the amplitude and rise rate of the loop circuit output voltage vldo_out can be very finely controlled.
In addition, in one embodiment, when the second switch sw1 is turned on, i.e. the output terminal of the loop circuit is connected to the input terminal. The output end of the loop circuit is firstly connected with a VERR_AMPO signal, and the VERR_AMPO signal is output to the input end of the loop circuit through the second switch sw1, and then the output end of the loop circuit is a control voltage signal VCTRL, namely the control voltage signal VCTRL is used for being connected to the input end of the loop circuit. In this embodiment, the control voltage signal VCTRL is consistent with the verr_ampo signal to which the error amplifier amp1 of fig. 1 is connected.
In addition, as shown in fig. 3, the embodiment further provides a soft start control system, which includes the soft start control module and a loop circuit, wherein the loop circuit includes a power tube, an error amplifier amp1 and a voltage dividing resistor.
Specifically, the grid electrode of the power tube MP0 is connected to the first switch sw0 and the second switch sw1, the drain electrode is grounded through the voltage dividing resistor, and the source electrode is connected to the power supply voltage; the control voltage signal VCTRL at the output end of the error amplifier amp1 is transmitted to the gate of the power tube MP0 through the second switch sw1, and the non-inverting input end is connected to the voltage dividing node of the voltage dividing resistor.
In a specific example, the voltage dividing resistor includes a first resistor RF0 and a second resistor RF1. Specifically, the drain electrode of the power tube MP0 is connected to one end of the first resistor RF 0; the other end of the first resistor RF0 is connected with one end of the second resistor RF 1; the other end of the second resistor RF1 is grounded; the non-inverting input of the error amplifier amp1 is connected between the first resistor RF0 and the second resistor RF1.
In addition, in the present embodiment, the loop circuit further includes a filter capacitor Cext and a load resistor Rload. Specifically, one end of the filter capacitor Cext is connected between the first resistor RF0 (voltage dividing resistor) and the power tube MP0, and the other end is grounded; one end of the load resistor Rload is connected to one end of the filter capacitor Cext, and the other end of the load resistor Rload is grounded.
In addition, as shown in fig. 4 to fig. 5, this embodiment further proposes a soft start control method, which adopts the soft start control module described above or the soft start control system described above, and is characterized by comprising:
conducting the soft start control module with the input end of the loop circuit, and transmitting a control voltage signal VCTRL output by the soft start control module to the input end of the loop circuit;
when the output voltage vldo_out in the loop circuit rises to a preset voltage value, the time window module is switched to be communicated with the input end of the loop circuit by the error amplifier amp1, so that the control voltage signal VCTRL output by the error amplifier amp1 is transmitted to the input end of the loop circuit.
The preset voltage value can be set manually according to actual requirements.
Further, the embodiment further includes: and the DAC module is communicated with the grid electrode of the power tube MP0 through the time window module, a signal is input to the DAC module, the control voltage signal VCTRL is obtained, and the output voltage VLDO_OUT of the power tube MP0 linearly changes along with the linear change of the control voltage signal VCTRL until the output voltage VLDO_OUT reaches a preset voltage value.
When the output voltage vldo_out of the power tube MP0 rises to a predetermined voltage value, the control voltage signal VCTRL output by the error amplifier amp1 is a steady-state voltage, and is switched to the communication between the error amplifier amp1 and the gate of the power tube MP0 by the time window module, so that the current of the power tube MP0 changes steadily.
In a specific example, for example, a linear voltage regulator, the control voltage of the power transistor MP0 may be precisely set by first setting the digital code input of the DAC module. And secondly, by setting the width of a window switch of the time window module, the on time of the DAC module output control voltage is accurately set, so that the output soft start rising rate of the linear voltage stabilizer can be accurately set, and better process, temperature and voltage robustness can be realized. Further, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the input of the DAC module is dynamically set to obtain the control voltage of the power tube MP0 with fine step length, and the control voltage can be linearly changed along with the change of the digital code input by the DAC module; secondly, through a time window module, accurate analog voltage control time is realized by adjusting the control time of the output voltage of the DAC module; when the output rises to the preset voltage value, the control voltage of the power tube MP0 is switched to the output of the error amplifier amp1, and the difference between the output of the power device and the target voltage is within a very small error range, so that the power tube MP0 cannot generate large conduction current, and the impact on the power tube MP0 is reduced.
In addition, by soft start control of the input control voltage of the power module (i.e. soft start control module), i.e. the output voltage of the DAC module, can be adjusted multiple times within a time window, the adjustment speed depends on the settling time of the DAC module, and the adjustment granularity depends on the LSB (Least Significant Bit ) of the DAC module. Furthermore, the time of the soft start control module depends on the size of the time window, the fineness of which depends on the period of the control clock of the time window. The size of the entire time window can be adjusted for different chips, as well as for different external capacitances. The time window is a time window module.
In the embodiment, the soft start control module is finely adjusted from two dimensions of the control voltage amplitude and the control time, so that very accurate soft start voltage control can be realized. In addition, those skilled in the art can know that the soft start control module in this embodiment can also be accurately adjusted for different chips and external components to achieve the best starting effect, and has very wide application occasions.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the time window is an active high device, the VDAC (control voltage of the DAC module) output is stepped down from VDD (operating voltage), and the power transistor MP0 current increases as the VDAC decreases. However, VDS (source-drain voltage) of the power transistor MP0 is also decreased synchronously, and an increase in current of the power transistor MP0 is suppressed. VDAC varies at a rate to achieve an approximately constant current output of power tube MP0, and the linear voltage regulator output increases linearly (as the linear power supply output varies in FIG. 5). When the output approaches the preset voltage value, the time window becomes low, and the control terminal voltage of the power tube MP0 is switched to the output of the error amplifier amp 1. At this time, the output of the error amplifier amp1 approaches a steady-state value (e.g., verramp in fig. 5, i.e., the control voltage output by the error amplifier amp 1), and the current of the power tube MP0 changes smoothly, so that no large fluctuation occurs, and the impact on the power tube MP0 is small.
In this embodiment, the soft start control module is first connected to the power tube MP0, and a signal is input to the soft start control module to obtain a control voltage output, and the control voltage is transmitted to the power tube MP0; the soft start control module adjusts the control time of the power tube MP0 and adjusts the output time of the analog control voltage; when the analog control voltage rises to a predetermined voltage value, the control voltage of the switching power transistor MP0 is outputted to the error amplifier amp 1.
In summary, the soft start control module, the system and the method provided by the invention have the following advantages:
through the setting of DAC module, time window module, first switch sw0 and second switch sw1 to and the DAC module links to each other with the one end of first switch, and the one end of second switch inserts control voltage signal VCTRL, and time window module is used for controlling first switch and second switch and opens at different time, and when first switch or second switch opened, the other end of first switch or the other end of second switch output control voltage signal VCTRL. The conduction of the power tube MP0 in the loop circuit is controlled from two dimensions of the amplitude and the time of the control signal, so that the amplitude and the rising rate of the output voltage VLDO_OUT of the loop circuit can be very finely controlled, and the control accuracy of soft start is greatly improved. And through the amplitude and the conduction time of the soft start voltage, the power tube MP0 cannot generate large start current in the starting process, so that the impact on the power tube MP0 can be reduced, and the reliability is improved.
In addition, the soft start control module can also be accurately adjusted aiming at different chips and external components so as to achieve the best starting effect, and has very wide application occasions. And the method has good practicability and control precision for the sizes of different external filter capacitors Cext, and expands the application field of soft start.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.
Claims (7)
1. The soft start control system is characterized by comprising a soft start control module and a loop circuit;
the soft start control module comprises a DAC module, a time window module, a first switch and a second switch;
the DAC module is connected with one end of the first switch, one end of the second switch is connected with a control voltage signal VCTRL, the time window module is used for controlling the first switch and the second switch to be opened at different time, and when the first switch or the second switch is opened, the other end of the first switch or the other end of the second switch outputs the control voltage signal VCTRL;
the control voltage signal VCTRL is used for being connected to an input terminal in the loop circuit;
the time window module comprises a digital counter and a combinational logic module matched with the digital counter;
the time window module comprises a plurality of triggers and is used for adjusting the size of the time window;
the loop circuit comprises a power tube, an error amplifier and a divider resistor;
the grid electrode of the power tube is connected with the first switch and the second switch, the drain electrode of the power tube is grounded through the voltage dividing resistor, and the source electrode of the power tube is connected with the power supply voltage; and a control voltage signal VCTRL at the output end of the error amplifier is transmitted to the grid electrode of the power tube through the second switch, and the non-inverting input end of the control voltage signal VCTRL is connected with the voltage dividing node of the voltage dividing resistor.
2. The soft start control system of claim 1, wherein the time window module controls the first switch to be turned on or off by a first switch control signal Twin.
3. The soft start control system of claim 1, wherein the time window module controls the second switch to be turned on or off by a second switch control signal Twinb.
4. The soft start control system of claim 1, wherein the loop circuit further comprises a filter capacitor and a load resistor; one end of the filter capacitor is connected between the voltage dividing resistor and the power tube, and the other end of the filter capacitor is grounded; one end of the load resistor is connected with one end of the filter capacitor, and the other end of the load resistor is grounded.
5. A soft start control method employing the soft start control system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising:
conducting the soft start control module with the input end of the loop circuit, and transmitting a control voltage signal VCTRL output by the soft start control module to the input end of the loop circuit;
when the output voltage VLDO_OUT in the loop circuit rises to a preset voltage value, the output voltage VLDO_OUT is switched to be communicated with the input end of the loop circuit through a time window module, so that a control voltage signal VCTRL output by the error amplifier is transmitted to the input end of the loop circuit.
6. The soft start control method of claim 5, further comprising: and the DAC module is communicated with the grid electrode of the power tube through the time window module, and a signal is input to the DAC module to obtain the control voltage signal VCTRL, and the output voltage VLDO_OUT of the power tube is linearly changed along with the linear change of the control voltage signal VCTRL until the output voltage VLDO_OUT reaches a preset voltage value.
7. The soft start control method of claim 6, wherein when the output voltage vldo_out of the power tube rises to a predetermined voltage value, the control voltage signal VCTRL output by the error amplifier is a steady-state voltage, and is switched to the communication between the error amplifier and the gate of the power tube by the time window module, so that the current of the power tube changes steadily.
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