CN116427283A - Construction method for erecting small-radius bridge precast beam in mountain area - Google Patents
Construction method for erecting small-radius bridge precast beam in mountain area Download PDFInfo
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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Abstract
The invention provides a construction method for erecting a small-radius bridge precast beam in mountain areas, which comprises the steps of splicing a bridge girder erection machine, widening a cover beam, passing holes of the bridge girder erection machine, transporting a bridge deck and erecting a lifting beam. The bridge girder and the middle supporting leg component of the existing bridge girder erection machine are connected through bolts, during construction, connecting bolts between the bridge girder and the middle supporting leg component can be loosened slightly, the differential advance of the two bridge girders is controlled through the longitudinal moving motor of the bridge girder, so that a small included angle can be formed between the bridge girder and the middle supporting leg component, the self-rotation angle alpha of the bridge girder is adjusted, the tail end of the bridge girder is stably supported, the bridge girder erection machine can be suitable for erecting small-radius large-cross slope bridge prefabricated beams on sections such as two-stage roads, three-stage roads or high-grade roads in mountain-side hillside-by-side areas, bridge girder erection with limited bridge head sites and large operation difficulty of assembling the bridge girder erection machine, and the construction method can be used for construction by adopting the bridge girder erection machine with the existing structure on the market without purchasing or modifying the bridge girder erection machine again.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to bridge construction technology, in particular to a construction method for erecting a small-radius bridge precast beam in mountain areas.
Background
The road sections such as the two-level road, the three-level road or the ramp which is communicated with the high-level road in the mountain heavy-hilly area are limited by the influence of the terrain, a bridge with a small curve radius can often appear, when the bridge spans a deep-ditch canyon, the construction safety risk of the cast-in-place beam adopted by the upper structure of the bridge is high due to the higher bracket, the problem that large-tonnage equipment cannot enter a construction site can be faced by crane erection, and the problem that the difficulty of prefabrication and bridge girder erection is high can be also encountered by adopting the precast beam.
Aiming at the problems that in the prior art, in the process of setting a small-radius large-gradient curve bridge plate frame, when an existing bridge girder erection machine passes through a hole, a bridge girder at the tail part of the bridge girder erection machine is suspended and has insufficient acting points, so that overturning is easy to occur, the Chinese patent application with the publication number of CN112323649A discloses a bridge girder erection machine and a bridge construction method, wherein the bridge girder erection machine comprises: a guide beam mechanism; the first supporting leg mechanism is connected to one end of the guide beam mechanism, which is used for the through hole; the second supporting leg mechanism is connected to the tail end of the guide beam mechanism; the third supporting leg mechanism is connected with the guide beam mechanism in a sliding manner; the third leg mechanism is arranged between the first leg mechanism and the second leg mechanism; and the first supporting leg mechanism and the third supporting leg mechanism are rotatably installed with the guide beam mechanism, so that the guide beam mechanism can rotate relative to the bridge. In bridge construction, when the via hole operation is carried out, namely, in the process of longitudinally moving the guide beam mechanism to enable the first support leg mechanism to be erected on the bent cap of the beam to be erected, the guide beam mechanism can rotate relative to the third support leg mechanism according to the bending direction of the bridge in the process, and the tail end of the guide beam mechanism can move towards the erected beam body along with the rotation of the guide beam mechanism, so that the second support leg mechanism positioned at the tail end of the guide beam mechanism can be supported on the erected beam body. Simultaneously, the first supporting leg mechanism and the guide beam mechanism are made to rotate relatively, so that the transverse axis of the first supporting leg mechanism is parallel to the axis of the cover beam of the beam to be erected, and the first supporting leg mechanism can be supported on the cover beam of the beam to be erected. Therefore, the bridge girder erection machine provided by the application can stably support the tail end of the guide beam mechanism while stably supporting the first supporting leg mechanism on the bent cap of the girder to be erected, so that suspension is avoided, and the problem of overturning of the bridge girder erection machine is further avoided.
In the above patent application, improvement on the bridge girder erection machine is needed, and the bridge girder erection machine is adopted in which both the first supporting leg mechanism and the third supporting leg mechanism are rotatably installed with the girder guide mechanism. However, in order to ensure stable support of the supporting leg to the girder, most bridge girder erection machines and bridge girder erection machines adopted by construction units in the market at present are generally connected by bolts, so that the bridge girder erection machine needs to be purchased again or modified by adopting the bridge construction method in the patent application, and the cost is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems in the background art, and provides a construction method for erecting a small-radius bridge precast beam in mountain areas, which is applicable to erecting a small-radius large-cross slope bridge precast beam on a road section such as a second-level highway, a third-level highway or a high-level highway intercommunication ramp in mountain areas, is applicable to erecting a bridge precast beam with limited bridge head sites and high operation difficulty of an assembly bridge girder erection machine, and can be constructed by adopting a bridge girder erection machine with the existing structure in the market without purchasing or modifying the bridge girder erection machine again.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a construction method for erecting a small-radius bridge precast beam in mountain areas comprises the following steps:
assembling a bridge girder erection machine: the bridge girder erection machine comprises two guide girders, a front supporting leg assembly, a middle supporting leg assembly, a rear supporting wheel assembly, a rear supporting leg assembly and a crown block, wherein the two guide girders are arranged in parallel at intervals, and each guide girder is connected with a guide girder longitudinal movement motor; the front supporting leg assembly, the middle supporting leg assembly, the rear riding wheel assembly and the rear supporting leg assembly are sequentially arranged at the bottoms of the two guide beams along the length direction of the guide beams, the guide beams are formed by assembling a plurality of sections, and the crown block is slidingly arranged on the two guide beams;
assembling guide beams with preset lengths at bridge heads, connecting the front supporting leg assembly, the middle supporting leg assembly, the rear supporting wheel assembly and the crown block with assembled sections of the guide beams, moving the crown block to the rear parts of the assembled sections of the guide beams, advancing the assembled bridge girder erection machine to a 1 st span by a preset distance, assembling the guide beams with the residual lengths and the rear supporting leg assembly, and installing an assembly weight at the tail parts of the guide beams to complete assembling of the bridge girder erection machine;
widening the capping beam: before the bridge girder erection machine passes through the holes, the bridge girder erection machine is firstly arranged in a bridge type plane diagram in a simulation mode through drawing software, whether the maximum rotation angle alpha of the bridge girder erection machine is larger than the included angle beta between the short shaft of each pier bent cap of the bridge and the axis of the guide girder is confirmed, and if not, the construction requirement is met by widening the width of the bent cap along the longitudinal bridge direction; in addition, whether the transverse width of the bent cap can meet the erection of the outer side beams is also confirmed, if not, the construction requirement is met by widening the width of the bent cap along the transverse direction of the transverse bridge, so that the front supporting leg assembly can fall in the range of the bent cap after the bridge girder erection machine passes through the hole, and the front supporting leg assembly is prevented from being suspended;
and (3) passing holes of the bridge girder erection machine: the 1 st crossing hole is directly carried out after the bridge girder erection machine is assembled, the girder transporting vehicle normally feeds girders for erection, the 2 nd crossing is carried out, the through hole of the bridge girder erection machine is required to be adjusted in advance to be in the whole machine posture, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
when the erection of the precast beam of the next span is carried out after the erection of the precast beam of the previous span is completed, the rear supporting leg assembly is supported on the precast beam which is completed to be erected, then a counterweight is hung at the tail part of the guide beam, and the rear supporting leg assembly is lifted;
supporting a bridge girder erection machine through the front supporting leg assembly and the rear supporting wheel assembly, and then lifting the middle supporting leg assembly to move forward and support the middle supporting leg assembly on a bent cap nearest to a bridge head;
the bridge girder erection machine is supported by the middle supporting leg component and the rear supporting wheel component, the crown block is moved between the middle supporting leg component and the rear supporting wheel component, the front supporting leg component is lifted, the guide beam longitudinal movement motor is started, and the two guide beams are synchronously moved forward, so that the front supporting leg component moves towards the cover beam of the girder to be erected;
when the front support leg assembly moves to a preset distance from the bent cap of the beam to be erected, stopping synchronously moving the guide beams forward, unscrewing the connecting bolts between the guide beams and the middle support leg assembly, and controlling differential advance of the two guide beams until the transverse axis of the front support leg assembly is regulated to be parallel to the long axis of the bent cap of the beam to be erected along the transverse bridge direction;
after the transverse axis of the front support leg assembly is adjusted to be parallel to the long axis of the bent cap of the beam to be erected, the connecting bolts between the guide beams and the middle support leg assembly are re-tightened, and the two guide beams continue to synchronously move forward until the front support leg assembly reaches and is supported above the bent cap of the beam to be erected, so that the via hole is completed; after the through hole is completed, the rear supporting leg assembly is dropped on the prefabricated beam which is erected, and a counterweight piece hung at the tail part of the guide beam is dismounted;
bridge deck beam transportation and beam lifting erection: and conveying the prefabricated beam to be erected from the tail end of the guide beam to the direction close to the front supporting leg assembly through the crown block, and lowering the prefabricated beam to be erected onto a capping beam of the beam to be erected for erection.
Further, in bridge deck transportation Liang Guocheng, if the girder feeding angle of the girder tail of the bridge girder erection machine is too small during span erection, so that the crown block cannot drive into the bridge girder erection machine, and when the girder feeding cannot be completed, the end section of the tail of the guide girder is dismantled to increase the girder feeding angle.
Further, the removing of the tail end section of the guide beam comprises the following steps: after the counterweight on the bridge girder erection machine is dismounted through the through hole, the front of the crown block is moved to between the front supporting leg component and the middle supporting leg component, the rear supporting leg component is supported on the erected prefabricated beam, the rear supporting leg component is lifted, the bridge is lifted by the truck crane, the transverse connection between the two guide beams is dismounted, the tail section of the guide beam to be dismounted is lifted by the truck crane by utilizing the steel wire rope and the clamping ring, the tail section of the guide beam is stressed by the steel wire rope, the bolt connection between the tail section and the front section of the guide beam is loosened, the guide beam is separated, the tail section of the guide beam is placed on the flat car to be lifted away from the bridge deck by utilizing the truck crane, and then the transverse connection between the two guide beams is remounted, so that the dismounting of the tail section of the main beam is completed.
Further, through the bridge girder erection machine station diagram drawn on the software, whether the situation that the beam feeding angle of the tail part of the bridge girder erection machine is too small occurs during the span hole erection is simulated and judged.
Further, the precast beam comprises an inner side beam, a middle beam and an outer side beam, and erection steps of the inner side beam, the middle beam and the outer side beam are as follows:
the erection step of the inner side beam and the middle beam comprises the following steps:
the bridge girder erection machine is integrally transversely moved to the position of the inner side of a bridge, after a precast beam is transported into a machine position through a crown block, the crown block is lifted and longitudinally moved to the position above a bridge span to be erected along the longitudinal bridge, then the bridge girder erection machine is transversely moved slowly along the transverse bridge, a guide girder is accurately transversely moved to the position above the beam position, a temporary support of the precast beam is installed, after the elevation is measured, a steel wire rope is gradually dropped through the crown block, and the precast beam to be installed is in position;
the prefabricated beams with the first piece in place are inner side beams, after the inner side beams are in place, the steel wire ropes are not loosened, after the inner side beams are temporarily supported firmly, the steel wire ropes are loosened to finish erection of the inner side beams, then erection of the middle beams is performed, and transverse partition plates and wet joint steel bars among the prefabricated beams are welded;
the erection step of the outer edge beam comprises the following steps:
after the bridge girder erection machine is wholly transversely moved to the inner side of the bridge and the crown block is longitudinally moved, the bridge girder erection machine is slowly transversely moved to the upper part of the outer side beam, a temporary support of the outer side beam is installed, after the elevation is measured, the crown block gradually falls down the steel wire rope, and the beam plate of the outer side beam is in place.
Further, after the outer side beams are in place, the outer side beams are temporarily supported, after the adjacent prefabricated beams are erected, wet joint reinforcing steel bars of transverse partition plates between the adjacent prefabricated beams are welded in time, and the temporary support of the outer side beams can be removed.
Further, the tail of the guide beam is additionally hung with a chain block to form an 8t round steel bar counterweight as an additional hanging counterweight.
Further, in advancing and supporting the middle leg assembly to the cap beam closest to the bridge head, the level of the top surface of each portion of the middle leg assembly is ensured by bracing a sleeper between the middle leg assembly and the cap beam closest to the bridge head.
Further, the included angle between the axis of the capping beam of the beam to be erected and the axis of the guide beam is beta, the self-rotation angle alpha of the guide beam is adjusted, and when the self-rotation angle alpha of the guide beam is consistent with the included angle beta, the transverse axis of the front supporting leg assembly is adjusted to be parallel to the axis of the front capping beam along the transverse bridge direction.
Further, the length of the guide beam is 44 meters, the assembly of the guide beam of the front 30m is finished at the bridge head, the assembled bridge girder erection machine is moved forward to the 1 st span by 15m, and then the assembly of the guide beam of the rest 14m and the rear supporting leg assembly is finished.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the construction method for erecting the small-radius bridge precast beam in the mountain area adopts the bridge girder erection machine with the prior art to construct, the guide girders and the middle support leg components of the bridge girder erection machine with the prior art are connected by bolts, the two guide girders are respectively controlled by independent guide girder longitudinal movement motors, the connecting bolts between the guide girders and the middle support leg components can be loosened slightly during construction, the differential advance of the two guide girders is controlled by the guide girder longitudinal movement motors, so that the guide girders and the middle support leg components can form a tiny included angle, the rotation angle alpha of the guide girders is adjusted, the front support leg components are adjusted to be parallel to the cover girders of the bridge girder to be erected, the tail ends of the guide girders are stably supported, the suspension is avoided, the problem of overturning of the bridge girder erection machine is further avoided, the construction method is applicable to erecting the small-radius large-cross-slope bridge precast beam on road sections such as secondary, tertiary highway or expressway inter-turn roads in the mountain area, the bridge precast beam construction method is applicable to bridge head places is not limited, and the bridge precast beam with large operation of the bridge girder erection machine with the prior art is not required to be purchased or reformed.
2. Through the counterweight piece hung at the tail part of the guide beam, the total length of the bridge girder erection machine is reduced, so that the safety coefficient of a through hole of the bridge girder erection machine meets the requirement, and meanwhile, the girder transporting vehicle is ensured to have enough angle girder feeding.
3. Simulating a bridge erecting machine position on software, judging whether the width of the bent cap meets the requirement of side beam erection, widening the bent cap which does not meet the requirement, ensuring that the front supporting leg assembly can be stably supported on the bent cap, and preventing the bridge erecting machine from overturning when the front supporting leg transversely moves during side beam erection; if the bent cap is not widened in advance, for erecting a prefabricated beam of a small-radius bridge, a bridge girder erection machine may not be capable of transversely moving to the beam position of an outer beam, in the prior art, a sliding rail and a pushing device are usually arranged on the top surface of the bent cap, and after the outer beam is located at the position of an adjacent beam plate, the sliding rail and the pushing device transversely move the outer beam to the beam position, which is troublesome; according to the invention, the bridge erecting machine is simulated and laid on software, whether the width of the bent cap meets the requirement of side beam erection is judged, the bent cap which does not meet the requirement is widened, the situation that the bridge erecting machine can not transversely move to the beam position of the outer beam is avoided, and the construction is more convenient.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a bridge girder erection machine according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the own maximum rotation angle alpha of the bridge girder erection machine;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of an included angle β between the axis of the capping beam and the axis of the main beam;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a widening of a capping beam;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the tail included angle of the bridge girder erection machine;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the outer side beam erected before the roof rail is not widened;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the widened roof rail with the outer side rail erected;
description of the main reference signs
1. A guide beam; 2. a front leg assembly; 3. a middle support leg assembly; 4. a rear riding wheel assembly; 5. a rear leg assembly; 6. a crown block; 7. a prefabricated beam which is erected completely; 8. a capping beam closest to the bridge head; 9. a bent cap of the beam to be erected; 10. and a weight member.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When a component is considered to be "connected" to another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or intervening components may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like are used herein for illustrative purposes only.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and/or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, the construction method for erecting a small-radius bridge precast beam in mountain areas according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
assembling a bridge girder erection machine: in the embodiment, a bridge girder erection machine with an existing structure is adopted, and comprises two guide girders 1, a front supporting leg assembly 2, a middle supporting leg assembly 3, a rear supporting wheel assembly 4, a rear supporting leg assembly 5 and a crown block 6, wherein the two guide girders 1 are arranged in parallel at intervals, and each guide girder 1 is connected with a guide girder longitudinal moving motor (not shown); the front supporting leg assembly 2, the middle supporting leg assembly 3, the rear riding wheel assembly 4 and the rear supporting leg assembly 5 are sequentially arranged at the bottoms of the two guide beams 1 along the length direction of the guide beams 1, the guide beams 1 are assembled by a plurality of sections (not labeled), and the crown block 6 is slidingly arranged on the two guide beams 1.
The structure of the front supporting leg component 2, the middle supporting leg component 3, the rear supporting leg component 4 and the rear supporting leg component 5 all belong to the prior art, and consist of a counter roller system, a supporting leg telescopic upright post, a transverse moving mechanism and the like, wherein the front supporting leg component and the middle supporting leg component are used for supporting dead weight and external load of the whole machine during girder erection operation, two movable fulcrums are provided for the whole machine during hole crossing operation, the counter roller system can realize self-driving conversion forward movement during supporting leg through holes, and the front supporting leg component 2, the middle supporting leg component 3 and the guide girder 1 are locked through bolts and pressure plates during girder erection operation. The rear supporting leg component 5 and the rear riding wheel component 4 are positioned at the tail end of the guide beam 1 and are connected with the lower plane of the tail of the guide beam 1 through a pressing plate element. The front supporting leg assembly 2, the middle supporting leg assembly 3, the rear supporting roller assembly 4 and the rear supporting leg assembly 5 are provided with telescopic column core column sleeve structures, the column core is jacked by a hydraulic cylinder to adjust the height, the expansion and contraction of the front supporting leg assembly 2, the middle supporting leg assembly 3, the rear supporting roller assembly 4 and the rear supporting leg assembly 5 are adjusted by a hydraulic cylinder, and the operation of each mechanism of the bridge girder erection machine is realized by electric system control, which is the prior art and is not described in detail herein.
When the bridge girder erection machine is assembled, the assembly of the guide girder 1 with the preset length is firstly completed at the bridge head, then the front support leg assembly 2, the middle support leg assembly 3, the rear support wheel assembly 4 and the crown block 6 are connected with the assembled sections of the guide girder 1, the crown block 6 is moved to the rear part of the assembled sections of the guide girder 1, the assembled bridge girder erection machine is moved forward to the 1 st span by a preset distance, for example 15m, the assembly of the guide girder 1 with the rear support leg assembly 5 with the residual length is completed, and then the assembly weight 10 is installed at the tail part of the guide girder 1, so that the assembly of the bridge girder erection machine is completed.
According to the current technical specification of construction of bridge and culvert in highway engineering, the length of the bridge girder erection machine is not less than 1.5, and the minimum length of the bridge girder erection machine is greater than the sum of the length of the precast beam and the length of the feeding beam of the crown block. In the embodiment, the length of the precast beam is 20 m, the length of the overhead travelling crane beam feeding is 8 m, and the bridge girder erection machine can meet the requirement of stable safety coefficient only when the length of the bridge girder erection machine reaches at least 50m during passing holes by combining the weight of each component of the bridge girder erection machine, so the total length of the bridge girder erection machine in the embodiment is not less than 50 m. The bridge girder erection machine is limited by the topography condition of bridge heads, and the bridge girder erection machine has overlong total length, so that the assembly and the via hole realization on a small-radius plane curve are difficult to realize. In this embodiment, through hanging weight 10 at the rear end of nose girder 1, specifically, can hang 2 sets of round steel bars of twining respectively as weight 10 at two nose girder 1 end sections, total counter weight reaches 8t for bridge crane total length reduces to 44 meters, and the nose girder includes the section of 2 sections 12 m+1 section 6 m+1 section 14 m's section, through the bolted splice between each section, makes this length more convenient not only realize the via hole on the small radius plane curve, satisfies the normative requirement moreover.
In some construction scenes, the splicing length of the bridge girder erection machine is only 30m, and the splicing of the bridge girder erection machine cannot be completed at one time due to the topography condition of the bridge head. To solve this problem, the assembly of the guide beam 1 of the preset length may be completed at the bridge head first, and in this embodiment, the assembly of the segments of the guide beam 1 of the previous 30m is completed at the bridge head first; and then the front support leg assembly 2, the middle support leg assembly 3, the rear riding wheel assembly 4 and the crown block 6 are connected with the assembled sections of the guide beam 1, the crown block 6 is moved to the rear part of the assembled sections of the guide beam 1, the assembled bridge girder erection machine is moved forward 15m to the 1 st span, and then the assembly of the guide beam 1 and the rear support leg assembly 5 with the lengths of the rest 14m is completed.
Widening the capping beam: before the bridge girder erection machine passes through the holes, the bridge girder erection machine is firstly arranged in a simulation mode on a bridge type plane diagram through CAD and other drawing software, whether the maximum rotation angle alpha of the bridge girder erection machine is larger than the included angle beta between the short shaft of each pier bent cap of the bridge and the axis of the guide girder is confirmed, if not, the width of the bent cap along the longitudinal bridge direction is required to be widened to meet the construction requirement; in addition, whether the transverse width of the bent cap can meet the erection of the side beams is confirmed, if not, the construction requirement is met by widening the width of the bent cap along the transverse direction of the transverse bridge, the front supporting leg assembly 2 can fall in the range of the bent cap after the bridge girder erection machine passes through the hole, and the front supporting leg assembly 2 is prevented from being suspended.
When the maximum rotation angle alpha of the bridge girder erection machine is smaller than the included angle beta between the short axis of each pier bent cap of the bridge and the axis of the guide girder, the condition that the transverse moving track of the front supporting leg component 2 is suspended in the longitudinal direction of the bent cap is described, at the moment, the width of the longitudinal bent cap needs to be widened, and the widened width is required to meet the condition that the transverse moving track of the front supporting leg component 2 in the longitudinal direction always falls in the bent cap range. If alpha is larger than beta, the traversing rail of the front support leg assembly 2 does not exceed the bent cap, and the suspension condition occurs. The size of the transverse bridge widening bent cap is irrelevant to the sizes of alpha and beta, and the transverse bridge widening of the bent cap is required only if the front supporting leg assembly 2 is suspended when the outer side beam is erected possibly in the software simulation process.
Referring to the table below, in this embodiment, the small radius bridge includes a # 1 pier, a # 2 pier, a # 3 pier, a # 4 pier and a # 5 abutment, wherein the # 5 abutment is a bridge abutment, the rear is a roadbed, the included angle of the abutment does not affect the girder, and the capping girders on each of the # 1 pier, the # 2 pier, the # 3 pier and the # 4 pier satisfy α > β, so the capping girders on each pier do not need to be widened along the longitudinal bridge.
And because turning radius is little, except the bent cap of the # 1 mound that is located on the moderation curve, the # 2 mound bent cap all needs the cross bridge to widen, and in this embodiment, the width of widening all takes 1.5m, and in other embodiments, the width of widening can be adjusted as required, as long as can avoid front leg assembly 2 unsettled.
And (3) passing holes of the bridge girder erection machine: the 1 st crossing hole is directly carried out after the bridge girder erection machine is assembled, and the girder transporting vehicle normally feeds girders for erection; from the 2 nd step, the whole machine posture of the bridge girder erection machine is required to be adjusted in advance, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, when the erection of the precast beam of the next span is carried out after the erection of the precast beam of the previous span is completed, supporting the rear supporting leg assembly 5 on the precast beam which is completed to be erected, and then hanging the weight piece 10 on the tail part of the guide beam 1, and lifting the rear supporting leg assembly 5. In the present embodiment, in step S1, 8t disc steel bar weights are hung on the tail portion of the guide beam 1 by using a chain block as the hung weight 10; the rear leg assembly 5 is landed or lifted by adjusting the hydraulic ram on the rear leg assembly 5.
S2, supporting the bridge girder erection machine through the front supporting leg assembly 2 and the rear supporting roller assembly 4, and then lifting the middle supporting leg assembly 3 to move forward and support the middle supporting leg assembly 3 on the bent cap closest to the bridge head. In the present embodiment, the middle leg assembly 3 is landed or lifted by adjusting the hydraulic cylinder on the middle leg assembly 3, and the rear supporting wheel assembly 4 is landed or lifted by adjusting the hydraulic cylinder on the rear supporting wheel assembly 4.
S3, supporting the bridge girder erection machine through the middle supporting leg assembly 3 and the rear supporting wheel assembly 4, moving the crown block 6 between the middle supporting leg assembly 3 and the rear supporting wheel assembly 4, lifting the front supporting leg assembly 2, starting the guide beam longitudinal moving motor, and synchronously moving the two guide beams 1 forward, so that the front supporting leg assembly 2 moves towards the cover beam of the girder to be erected. In the present embodiment, in step S3, the two guide beam longitudinal moving motors respectively drive the two guide beams 1 to synchronously move at the same speed in the direction of the capping beam of the beam to be erected; the front leg assembly 2 is landed or lifted by adjusting the hydraulic ram on the front leg assembly 2. In step S3, the crown block 6 may be moved as close to the rear riding wheel assembly 4 as possible, so that the center of gravity of the bridge girder erection machine is located at a rear position, and the anti-overturning safety coefficient during via hole is improved.
S4, when the front support leg assembly 2 moves to a preset distance from the bent cap of the beam to be erected, the synchronous forward moving of the guide beams 1 is stopped, the connecting bolts between the guide beams 1 and the middle support leg assembly 3 are unscrewed, and differential forward movement of the two guide beams 1 is controlled until the transverse axis of the front support leg assembly 2 is adjusted to be parallel to the long axis of the bent cap of the beam to be erected along the transverse bridge direction, and the long axis of the bent cap along the transverse bridge direction is mutually perpendicular to the short axis of the bent cap.
In the present embodiment, in step S4, the two guide beam longitudinal movement motors respectively drive the two guide beams 1 to move in the same direction at different speeds, thereby achieving differential advance. When the transverse axis of the front support leg assembly 2 is adjusted, the connecting bolt between the guide beam 1 and the middle support leg assembly 2 is slightly loosened according to the included angle beta between the short axis of the cover beam of the beam to be erected and the axis of the guide beam, the self-rotation angle alpha of the guide beam 1 is adjusted by controlling the differential advance of the left guide beam 1 and the right guide beam 1, and when the self-rotation angle alpha of the guide beam is consistent with or close to the included angle beta, the transverse axis of the front support leg assembly 2 is adjusted to be parallel to the long axis of the cover beam of the beam to be erected along the transverse bridge direction. In addition, during the adjustment of the own rotation angle α of the guide beam 1, the adjustment of the angle must be slow, following the principle of "small steps" a plurality of times, gradually adjusting the front leg assembly 2 to be parallel to the axis of the bent cap of the beam to be erected in the transverse bridge direction.
S5, after the transverse axis of the front support leg assembly 2 is adjusted to be parallel to the long axis of the bent cap of the beam to be erected along the transverse bridge direction, connecting bolts between the guide beams 1 and the middle support leg assembly 3 are re-tightened, and the two guide beams 1 are continuously moved forward synchronously until the front support leg assembly 2 reaches and is supported above the bent cap of the beam to be erected, so that the via hole is completed; after the via hole is completed, the rear supporting leg assembly 5 is dropped on the prefabricated beam which is erected completely, and the counterweight 10 hung at the tail part of the guide beam is dismounted.
Further, in advancing and supporting the middle leg assembly 3 to the cap beam closest to the bridge head, it is possible to secure the level of the top surface of each place of the middle leg assembly 3 by supporting the bolster between the middle leg assembly 3 and the cap beam closest to the bridge head. In the process of moving the front leg assembly 2 forward and supporting it on the bent cap of the beam to be erected, the top surface of the bent cap of the beam to be erected can be leveled by using a sleeper, and after the levelness of the top surface is checked by using a leveling rod, the front leg assembly 2 is landed on the bent cap.
S6, bridge deck beam transportation and beam lifting erection: the precast beam to be erected is conveyed from the tail end of the guide beam 1 to the direction close to the front supporting leg assembly 2 through the crown block 6, and is lowered onto the capping beam of the precast beam to be erected for erection.
Before transporting the beam, welding the wet joint between the beam plates and the continuous end reinforcing steel bars at the pier top is required to be completed in time, in order to ensure the stability of the bridge girder erection machine and the crown block 6 during traveling, main reinforcing steel bars of the diaphragm plates between the adjacent beam plates are required to be welded completely, the wet joint is required to be welded with reinforcing steel bars of not less than 1/3, and meanwhile, the wet joint reinforcing steel bars at the joint crossing position are also required to be welded completely at the position where the beam transportation vehicle travels across the joint. The small-radius bridge has larger transverse slope, and the bridge deck is leveled by using materials such as steel plates, sleepers and the like on the running path of the girder transporting vehicle, so that the travelling crane 6 can conveniently run.
In step S6, the situation that the feeding angle of the tail part of the girder of the bridge girder erection machine is too small during the span hole erection can be simulated and judged through the station diagram of the bridge girder erection machine drawn on drawing software such as CAD. Referring to fig. 5, as shown in the station diagram of the bridge girder erection machine drawn on the CAD drawing software, when the 3 rd and 4 th spans are erected, the beam feeding angle at the tail of the bridge girder erection machine is too small, the beam transporting vehicle cannot drive in, and in the bridge deck transportation Liang Guocheng, for example, when the span is erected, the beam feeding angle at the tail of the bridge girder erection machine is too small, so that the crown block 6 cannot drive into the bridge girder erection machine, and when the beam feeding cannot be completed, the end section at the tail of the guide girder 1 is removed, so that the beam feeding angle is increased. The dismantling of the tail end section of the guide beam 1 comprises the following steps: after the counterweight 10 on the bridge girder erection machine is dismounted through the through hole, the crown block 6 is moved forward between the front supporting leg component 2 and the middle supporting leg component 3, the rear supporting leg component 4 is supported on the erected prefabricated girder, the rear supporting leg component 5 is lifted, the truck crane is lifted for bridge setting, the transverse connection between the two guide girders 1 is dismounted firstly, then the end sections of the guide girders 1 to be dismounted are lifted by the truck crane by using the steel wire rope and the clamping ring, the end sections of the guide girders 1 are tightly stressed by the steel wire rope, then the bolt connection between the end sections and the front guide girder sections is loosened, the guide girders 1 are separated, the end sections of the guide girders 1 are placed on the flat car for bridge deck transportation by using the truck crane, and then the transverse connection between the two guide girders 1 is remounted, so that the dismounting of the end sections of the main girder 1 is completed.
In step S6, the prefabricated beam includes an inner side beam, a middle beam and an outer side beam, and erection steps of the inner side beam, the middle beam and the outer side beam are respectively as follows:
the erection step of the inner side beam and the middle beam comprises the following steps:
the bridge girder erection machine is integrally transversely moved to the inner side of a bridge, after a precast beam is transported into a machine position through a crown block 6, the crown block 6 carries the precast beam and longitudinally moves the precast beam to the position above a bridge span to be erected along the longitudinal bridge, then the bridge girder erection machine is transversely moved slowly along the transverse bridge, a guide beam 1 is accurately transversely moved to the position above the beam position, a temporary support of the precast beam is installed, the elevation is measured, and after the elevation is correct, a steel wire rope is gradually dropped through the crown block 6, so that the precast beam to be installed is in place;
the prefabricated beams with the first piece in place are inner side beams, after the inner side beams are in place, the steel wire ropes are not loosened, after the inner side beams are temporarily supported firmly, the steel wire ropes are loosened to finish erection of the inner side beams, then erection of the middle beams is performed, and transverse partition plates and wet joint steel bars among the prefabricated beams are welded;
the erection step of the outer edge beam comprises the following steps:
after the bridge girder erection machine is wholly transversely moved to the inner side of the bridge and the crown block 6 is longitudinally moved, the bridge girder erection machine is slowly transversely moved to the upper part of the outer side beam, a temporary support of the outer side beam is installed, after the elevation is measured, the crown block 6 gradually falls down the steel wire rope, and the beam plate of the outer side beam is in place. And after the outer beams are in place, temporarily supporting the outer beams, and after the adjacent prefabricated beams are erected, welding wet joint reinforcing steel bars of transverse partition plates between the adjacent prefabricated beams in time, so that the temporary support of the outer beams can be removed.
According to the construction method for erecting the small-radius bridge precast beam in the mountain area, the bridge girder erection machine with the existing structure is adopted for construction, the guide beams 1 and the middle supporting leg component 3 of the bridge girder erection machine in the prior art are connected through bolts, the two guide beams 1 are controlled by independent guide beam longitudinal moving motors respectively, during construction, connecting bolts between the guide beams 1 and the middle supporting leg component 3 can be loosened slightly, differential advance of the two guide beams 1 is controlled through the guide beam longitudinal moving motors, so that a tiny included angle can be formed between the guide beams 1 and the middle supporting leg component 3, the self-rotation angle alpha of the guide beams 1 is adjusted, the front supporting leg component 2 is adjusted to be parallel to a cover beam of the girder to be erected, the tail end of the guide beam 1 is stably supported, suspension is avoided, and the problem of overturning of the bridge girder erection machine is avoided.
The counterweight 10 hung at the tail part of the guide beam reduces the total length of the bridge girder erection machine, ensures that the safety coefficient of the through hole of the bridge girder erection machine meets the requirement, and ensures that the girder transporting vehicle has enough angle girder feeding.
Simulating a bridge erecting machine position on software, judging whether the width of the bent cap meets the requirement of side beam erection, widening the bent cap which does not meet the requirement, ensuring that the front support leg assembly 2 can be stably supported on the bent cap, avoiding the front support leg assembly 2 from suspending, and preventing the bridge erecting machine from overturning when the front support leg transversely moves during side beam erection; if the bent cap is not widened in advance, for the erection of the prefabricated beams of the small-radius bridge, the bridge girder erection machine may not be capable of transversely moving to the beam position of the outer beam, as shown in fig. 6, which is a diagram of the outer beam erection before the bent cap is not widened, as can be seen from the diagram, under the original width of the bent cap, the transversely moving tracks of the outer guide beam 1 and the front support leg assembly 2 of the bridge girder erection machine are suspended when the outer beam is erected, in the prior art, a sliding track and a pushing device are usually arranged on the top surface of the bent cap, and after the outer beam falls at the position of an adjacent beam plate, the outer beam is transversely moved to the beam position by the sliding track and the pushing device, but the construction time is long, the required equipment is complex, and a set of equipment is required to be installed on each pier top, which is troublesome; the bridge girder erection device is used for simulating and arranging the bridge girder erection machine on software, judging whether the width of the bent cap meets the girder erection requirement, widening the bent cap which does not meet the requirement, avoiding the situation that the bridge girder erection machine can not transversely move to the girder position of the outer girder, and being more convenient to construct, as shown in figure 7. In addition, for the erection of the prefabricated beams of the small-radius bridge, a long section of the transverse moving guide rail on the front supporting leg component 2 of the bridge girder erection machine may be suspended on the bent cap of the beam to be erected, and when the front supporting leg of the front supporting leg component moves along the transverse moving guide rail, the bridge girder erection machine is easy to roll over, in the prior art, a weight piece is added on one side of the bridge girder erection machine to balance the bridge girder erection machine, but the risk of instability of the bridge girder erection machine still exists, and the reliability is insufficient. According to the embodiment, the situation that the front supporting leg assembly is supported on the bent cap of the beam to be erected is simulated through software, when the situation that a long section of transverse moving guide rail on the front supporting leg assembly of the bridge girder erection machine is suspended on the bent cap of the beam to be erected possibly occurs, the transverse moving guide rail on the front supporting leg assembly is ensured to fall in the range of the bent cap of the beam to be erected all the time by widening the bent cap along the transverse bridge, the side turning risk of the bridge girder erection machine is greatly reduced, and the later investment can be reduced.
The foregoing description is directed to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and all equivalent changes or modifications made under the technical spirit of the present invention should be construed to fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The construction method for erecting the small-radius bridge precast beam in mountain areas is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
assembling a bridge girder erection machine: the bridge girder erection machine comprises two guide girders, a front supporting leg assembly, a middle supporting leg assembly, a rear supporting wheel assembly, a rear supporting leg assembly and a crown block, wherein the two guide girders are arranged in parallel at intervals, and each guide girder is connected with a guide girder longitudinal movement motor; the front supporting leg assembly, the middle supporting leg assembly, the rear riding wheel assembly and the rear supporting leg assembly are sequentially arranged at the bottoms of the two guide beams along the length direction of the guide beams, the guide beams are formed by assembling a plurality of sections, and the crown block is slidingly arranged on the two guide beams;
assembling guide beams with preset lengths at bridge heads, connecting the front supporting leg assembly, the middle supporting leg assembly, the rear supporting wheel assembly and the crown block with assembled sections of the guide beams, moving the crown block to the rear parts of the assembled sections of the guide beams, advancing the assembled bridge girder erection machine to a 1 st span by a preset distance, assembling the guide beams with the residual lengths and the rear supporting leg assembly, and installing an assembly weight at the tail parts of the guide beams to complete assembling of the bridge girder erection machine;
widening the capping beam: before the bridge girder erection machine passes through the holes, the bridge girder erection machine is firstly arranged in a bridge type plane diagram in a simulation mode through drawing software, whether the maximum rotation angle alpha of the bridge girder erection machine is larger than the included angle beta between the short shaft of each pier bent cap of the bridge and the axis of the guide girder is confirmed, and if not, the construction requirement is met by widening the width of the bent cap along the longitudinal bridge direction; in addition, whether the transverse width of the bent cap can meet the erection of the outer side beams is also confirmed, if not, the construction requirement is met by widening the width of the bent cap along the transverse direction of the transverse bridge, so that the front supporting leg assembly can fall in the range of the bent cap after the bridge girder erection machine passes through the hole, and the front supporting leg assembly is prevented from being suspended;
and (3) passing holes of the bridge girder erection machine: the 1 st crossing hole is directly carried out after the bridge girder erection machine is assembled, the girder transporting vehicle normally feeds girders for erection, the 2 nd crossing is carried out, the through hole of the bridge girder erection machine is required to be adjusted in advance to be in the whole machine posture, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
when the erection of the precast beam of the next span is carried out after the erection of the precast beam of the previous span is completed, the rear supporting leg assembly is supported on the precast beam which is completed to be erected, then a counterweight is hung at the tail part of the guide beam, and the rear supporting leg assembly is lifted;
supporting a bridge girder erection machine through the front supporting leg assembly and the rear supporting wheel assembly, and then lifting the middle supporting leg assembly to move forward and support the middle supporting leg assembly on a bent cap nearest to a bridge head;
the bridge girder erection machine is supported by the middle supporting leg component and the rear supporting wheel component, the crown block is moved between the middle supporting leg component and the rear supporting wheel component, the front supporting leg component is lifted, the guide beam longitudinal movement motor is started, and the two guide beams are synchronously moved forward, so that the front supporting leg component moves towards the cover beam of the girder to be erected;
when the front support leg assembly moves to a preset distance from the bent cap of the beam to be erected, stopping synchronously moving the guide beams forward, unscrewing the connecting bolts between the guide beams and the middle support leg assembly, and controlling differential advance of the two guide beams until the transverse axis of the front support leg assembly is regulated to be parallel to the long axis of the bent cap of the beam to be erected along the transverse bridge direction;
after the transverse axis of the front support leg assembly is adjusted to be parallel to the long axis of the bent cap of the beam to be erected, the connecting bolts between the guide beams and the middle support leg assembly are re-tightened, and the two guide beams continue to synchronously move forward until the front support leg assembly reaches and is supported above the bent cap of the beam to be erected, so that the via hole is completed; after the through hole is completed, the rear supporting leg assembly is dropped on the prefabricated beam which is erected, and a counterweight piece hung at the tail part of the guide beam is dismounted;
bridge deck beam transportation and beam lifting erection: and conveying the prefabricated beam to be erected from the tail end of the guide beam to the direction close to the front supporting leg assembly through the crown block, and lowering the prefabricated beam to be erected onto a capping beam of the beam to be erected for erection.
2. The construction method for erecting a small-radius bridge precast beam in mountain areas according to claim 1, wherein in bridge deck transportation Liang Guocheng, for example, when a bridge girder erection machine is erected across a hole, the beam feeding angle at the tail part of the bridge girder erection machine is too small, so that a crown block cannot drive into the bridge girder erection machine, and when beam feeding cannot be completed, the end section of the tail part of a guide girder is removed to increase the beam feeding angle.
3. The construction method for erecting a small-radius bridge precast beam in mountain areas as recited in claim 2, wherein the removing of the tail end section of the guide beam comprises the steps of: after the counterweight on the bridge girder erection machine is dismounted through the through hole, the front of the crown block is moved to between the front supporting leg component and the middle supporting leg component, the rear supporting leg component is supported on the erected prefabricated beam, the rear supporting leg component is lifted, the bridge is lifted by the truck crane, the transverse connection between the two guide beams is dismounted, the tail section of the guide beam to be dismounted is lifted by the truck crane by utilizing the steel wire rope and the clamping ring, the tail section of the guide beam is stressed by the steel wire rope, the bolt connection between the tail section and the front section of the guide beam is loosened, the guide beam is separated, the tail section of the guide beam is placed on the flat car to be lifted away from the bridge deck by utilizing the truck crane, and then the transverse connection between the two guide beams is remounted, so that the dismounting of the tail section of the main beam is completed.
4. The construction method for erecting a small-radius bridge precast beam in mountain areas according to claim 2, wherein the situation that whether the beam feeding angle of the tail part of the bridge girder erection machine is too small during the span hole erection is simulated and judged by a bridge girder erection machine station diagram drawn on software.
5. The construction method for erecting a small-radius bridge precast beam in mountain areas according to claim 1, wherein the precast beam comprises an inner side beam, a middle beam and an outer side beam, and the erection steps of the inner side beam, the middle beam and the outer side beam are as follows:
the erection step of the inner side beam and the middle beam comprises the following steps:
the bridge girder erection machine is integrally transversely moved to the position of the inner side of a bridge, after a precast beam is transported into a machine position through a crown block, the crown block is lifted and longitudinally moved to the position above a bridge span to be erected along the longitudinal bridge, then the bridge girder erection machine is transversely moved slowly along the transverse bridge, a guide girder is accurately transversely moved to the position above the beam position, a temporary support of the precast beam is installed, after the elevation is measured, a steel wire rope is gradually dropped through the crown block, and the precast beam to be installed is in position;
the prefabricated beams with the first piece in place are inner side beams, after the inner side beams are in place, the steel wire ropes are not loosened, after the inner side beams are temporarily supported firmly, the steel wire ropes are loosened to finish erection of the inner side beams, then erection of the middle beams is performed, and transverse partition plates and wet joint steel bars among the prefabricated beams are welded;
the erection step of the outer edge beam comprises the following steps:
after the bridge girder erection machine is wholly transversely moved to the inner side of the bridge and the crown block is longitudinally moved, the bridge girder erection machine is slowly transversely moved to the upper part of the outer side beam, a temporary support of the outer side beam is installed, after the elevation is measured, the crown block gradually falls down the steel wire rope, and the beam plate of the outer side beam is in place.
6. The construction method for erecting a small-radius bridge precast beam in mountain areas according to claim 5, wherein the outer side beam is temporarily supported after being in place, and the temporary support of the outer side beam can be removed after the adjacent precast beams are erected and the wet joint reinforcing bars of the diaphragm plates between the adjacent precast beams are welded in time.
7. The construction method for erecting a small-radius bridge precast beam in mountain areas according to claim 1, wherein 8t disc steel bar weights are additionally hung on the tail parts of guide beams by using chain blocks as additional hanging weight pieces.
8. The construction method for erecting a small-radius bridge precast beam in mountain areas according to claim 1, wherein the top surface level of each place of the middle leg assembly is ensured by a sleeper being supported between the middle leg assembly and the cap beam closest to the bridge head in the process of advancing and supporting the middle leg assembly to the cap beam closest to the bridge head.
9. The construction method for erecting a small-radius bridge precast beam in mountain areas according to claim 1, wherein an included angle between an axis of a bent cap of the beam to be erected and an axis of a guide beam is beta, a self-rotation angle alpha of the guide beam is adjusted, and when the self-rotation angle alpha of the guide beam is consistent with the included angle beta, a transverse axis of the front leg assembly is adjusted to be parallel to an axis of a front bent cap along a transverse bridge direction.
10. The construction method for erecting a small-radius bridge precast beam in mountain areas according to claim 1, wherein the length of the guide beam is 44 meters, the assembly of the guide beam of the first 30m is finished at the bridge head, the assembled bridge girder erection machine is moved forward to the 1 st span by 15m, and the assembly of the guide beam of the rest 14m and the rear supporting leg assembly is finished.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117272689A (en) * | 2023-11-20 | 2023-12-22 | 湖南省交通科学研究院有限公司 | Bridge girder side-turning risk assessment method, system and storage medium for bridge girder erection machine |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117272689A (en) * | 2023-11-20 | 2023-12-22 | 湖南省交通科学研究院有限公司 | Bridge girder side-turning risk assessment method, system and storage medium for bridge girder erection machine |
| CN117272689B (en) * | 2023-11-20 | 2024-02-06 | 湖南省交通科学研究院有限公司 | Bridge girder side-turning risk assessment method, system and storage medium for bridge girder erection machine |
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