CN116409961A - Iron tailing road base material and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Iron tailing road base material and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116409961A CN116409961A CN202310359557.3A CN202310359557A CN116409961A CN 116409961 A CN116409961 A CN 116409961A CN 202310359557 A CN202310359557 A CN 202310359557A CN 116409961 A CN116409961 A CN 116409961A
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- base material
- iron tailing
- iron
- parts
- road base
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 270
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 135
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 110
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- -1 alkyl quaternary ammonium salt Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Betaine Natural products C[N+](C)(C)CC([O-])=O KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229960003237 betaine Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-O N,N,N-trimethylglycinium Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CC(O)=O KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Cetrimonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 20
- VBIIFPGSPJYLRR-UHFFFAOYSA-M Stearyltrimethylammonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C VBIIFPGSPJYLRR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- WOWHHFRSBJGXCM-UHFFFAOYSA-M cetyltrimethylammonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C WOWHHFRSBJGXCM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940117986 sulfobetaine Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- CXRFDZFCGOPDTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Cetrimide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C CXRFDZFCGOPDTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- JBIROUFYLSSYDX-UHFFFAOYSA-M benzododecinium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 JBIROUFYLSSYDX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- DDXLVDQZPFLQMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M dodecyl(trimethyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C DDXLVDQZPFLQMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- XJWSAJYUBXQQDR-UHFFFAOYSA-M dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C XJWSAJYUBXQQDR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- CEYYIKYYFSTQRU-UHFFFAOYSA-M trimethyl(tetradecyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C CEYYIKYYFSTQRU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- PSBDWGZCVUAZQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N (dimethylsulfonio)acetate Chemical compound C[S+](C)CC([O-])=O PSBDWGZCVUAZQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000013065 commercial product Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 56
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 50
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 47
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 31
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 23
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 23
- ADXNPXDFKKWVGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethyltridecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCN(C)C ADXNPXDFKKWVGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- VICYBMUVWHJEFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyltrimethylammonium ion Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C VICYBMUVWHJEFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920001732 Lignosulfonate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000012669 compression test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 2
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- MPNXSZJPSVBLHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloro-n-phenylpyridine-3-carboxamide Chemical compound ClC1=NC=CC=C1C(=O)NC1=CC=CC=C1 MPNXSZJPSVBLHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000208060 Lawsonia inermis Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;oxido(oxo)alumane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Al]=O.[O-][Al]=O XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- YRIUSKIDOIARQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl benzenesulfonate Chemical group CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 YRIUSKIDOIARQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OIYJQMZNRJJLJX-UHFFFAOYSA-M dodecyl(trimethyl)azanium;acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C OIYJQMZNRJJLJX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940071161 dodecylbenzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000693 micelle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C3/00—Foundations for pavings
- E01C3/003—Foundations for pavings characterised by material or composition used, e.g. waste or recycled material
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C3/00—Foundations for pavings
- E01C3/04—Foundations produced by soil stabilisation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/0075—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for road construction
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of road engineering construction, and provides an iron tailing road base material, and a preparation method and application thereof. The iron tailing road base material provided by the invention comprises betaine type amphoteric polymer surfactant, alkyl quaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactant, lignin, cement, water and iron tailings. The iron tailing road base material provided by the invention effectively reduces the thickness of an electric double layer among iron tailing particles, fills the pores of tailing sand, and increases the overall compactness and strength of the mixture. The iron tailing roadbed material provided by the invention can continuously improve the strength of the roadbed material by utilizing the amphoteric and cationic high molecular surfactants, meanwhile, hydrophilic groups of the surfactants are partially consumed, the water stability is improved, the frost heaving sensitivity is reduced, the water stability coefficient and the frost thawing coefficient are respectively 99.8% and 96.6% when the roadbed material is cured to 28 days, and the roadbed material is obviously superior to a commercial product.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of road engineering construction, in particular to an iron tailing road base material and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
At present, the comprehensive utilization rate of the iron tailings in European and American countries is up to more than 80%, the comprehensive utilization rate of the iron tailings in Japan is almost up to 100%, and the utilization rate of the iron tailings in China is less than 30% due to the fact that the secondary resource utilization of the iron tailings in China is started later. Numerous researchers in China have developed a great deal of research work on recycling of the iron tailings, mainly concentrate on recycling of valuable elements in the iron tailings, preparation of building materials, filling materials, fertilizers, soil improvers and other utilization aspects, but generally have the problems of low consumption, high cost or low added value of products, and cannot fundamentally solve the problem of stacking a great deal of tailings. The construction and maintenance of the highways in China need a large amount of roadbed materials, the iron tailings are used as the raw materials for constructing the base layer, not only can the problems in all aspects caused by the large-scale piling of the iron tailings be solved, but also the problem of the large-scale requirement of the highways on the raw materials can be solved, and the application of the roadbed materials is the direction of the maximum use amount of the iron tailings at present.
However, because the iron tailing sand particles are generally thinner, belonging to fine sand, and the stress requirement of the road base is higher, no constraint force is formed in the rolling process of the roadbed when the iron tailing sand is used, the particles are difficult to compact, and the strength cannot meet the requirement, therefore, inorganic binders (such as cement, fly ash, lime and the like) are generally used for the road base.
Chinese patent CN 104944860A provides a preparation method of a road base mixture of iron tailings sand with large doping amount, iron tailings, cement and lime are uniformly stirred to form a roadbed material, and although the doping amount of the iron tailings in the mixture reaches 100%, the recycling of solid waste is realized, and the road construction cost is reduced, when the using amount of inorganic binder is 8%, the unconfined compressive strength of a test piece for 7 days is only 0.96MPa, and the requirement of a high-grade road on a structural layer cannot be met.
In additionChinese patent CN 110423079A proposes an iron tailing hydraulic road base material and a preparation method thereof, through Na 2 CO 3 NaOH and Na 2 SO 4 The alkali activator and the anionic surfactant are used as curing agents to excite the iron tailings to generate strength, but the use process needs to use waste stones with large particle sizes, the use amount of the iron tailings is low, and the iron tailings need to be crushed, so that the iron tailings are not beneficial to construction and use.
In summary, the prior art uses iron tailings to build the road, and has the problems of low utilization rate and low strength of the iron tailings.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides an iron tailing road base material, and a preparation method and application thereof. The iron tailing sand of the iron tailing road base material provided by the invention has high utilization rate and high strength, can replace inorganic binder type stabilizing materials to be used as a road (bottom) base layer, and has remarkable social and economic benefits.
In order to achieve the above object of the present invention, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention provides an iron tailing road base material which comprises the following components in parts by mass: 100 parts of iron tailing sand, 2-10 parts of cement, 8-12 parts of water, 0.02-0.5 part of betaine type amphoteric polymer surfactant, 0.02-0.5 part of alkyl quaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactant and 0.02-0.5 part of lignin.
Preferably, the iron tailing road base material comprises the following components in parts by mass: 100 parts of iron tailing sand, 6 parts of cement, 10 parts of water, 0.02-0.5 part of betaine type amphoteric polymer surfactant, 0.02-0.5 part of alkyl quaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactant and 0.02-0.5 part of lignin.
Preferably, the iron tailings particle size is no greater than 2.0mm.
Preferably, the cement has a strength grade of not less than 32.5.
Preferably, the betaine type amphoteric high molecular surfactant comprises one or more of dodecyl trimethyl amine ethyllactone, tetradecyl sulfobetaine and lignin sulfobetaine.
Preferably, the alkyl quaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactant comprises one or more of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, dodecyldimethylbenzyl ammonium chloride, dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide, tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide, dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride, tetradecyltrimethylammonium chloride, hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride and octadecyltrimethylammonium chloride.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the iron tailing road base material, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Mixing iron tailing sand and lignin to obtain a mixture;
(2) Mixing betaine type amphoteric high molecular surfactant, alkyl quaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactant and water to obtain a diluent;
(3) Mixing 60-80 wt% of the diluent with the mixture, and then stuffiness the mixture for 2-4 hours to obtain a mixed wet material;
(4) Mixing the mixed wet material, cement and the rest of diluent to obtain an iron tailing road base material;
the steps (1) and (2) are not limited in time sequence.
The invention also provides application of the iron tailing road base material in road engineering.
The invention provides an iron tailing road base material which comprises the following components in parts by mass: 100 parts of iron tailing sand, 2-10 parts of cement, 8-12 parts of water, 0.02-0.5 part of betaine type amphoteric polymer surfactant, 0.02-0.5 part of alkyl quaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactant and 0.02-0.5 part of lignin. According to the invention, the betaine type amphoteric high molecular surfactant, the alkyl quaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactant and the lignin curing agent are added into the iron tailing road base material, so that the thickness of an electric double layer among iron tailing particles can be effectively reduced, the pores of tailing sand are filled, and the overall compactness and strength of the mixture are increased. The example result shows that the 7-day unconfined compressive strength of the iron tailing road base material provided by the invention can reach 1.58MPa, and the design requirement that the strength is larger than 1.0MPa when the cement stabilizing material is used as a road base layer, which is specified in JTG D50-2017, namely, the design specification of highway asphalt pavement is satisfied.
In addition, the iron tailing roadbed material provided by the invention can continuously improve the strength of the roadbed material by utilizing the amphoteric and cationic high-molecular surfactants, meanwhile, hydrophilic groups of the surfactants are partially consumed, the water stability is improved, the frost heaving sensitivity is reduced, the water stability coefficient and the frost thawing coefficient are respectively 99.8% and 96.6% when the roadbed material is maintained for 28 days, and the roadbed material is obviously superior to a commercial product.
Detailed Description
The invention provides an iron tailing road base material which comprises the following components in parts by mass: 100 parts of iron tailing sand, 2-10 parts of cement, 8-12 parts of water, 0.02-0.5 part of betaine type amphoteric polymer surfactant, 0.02-0.5 part of alkyl quaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactant and 0.02-0.5 part of lignin.
In the present invention, the desired materials are commercially available products well known to those skilled in the art unless specified otherwise.
In the invention, the iron tailing road base material comprises 100 parts of iron tailing sand. In the present invention, the iron tailings grain size is preferably not more than 2.0mm. The iron tailing sand not only can be used as a filler to provide strength in roadbed materials, but also can react with calcium hydroxide to generate hydration products such as calcium silicate, calcium aluminate and the like due to the fact that the iron tailing sand contains a small amount of active silicon dioxide and aluminum oxide, so that the early strength of tailing materials is improved; meanwhile, because the iron tailings are extremely fine powder with extremely small particle size, micro-gaps in the tailings materials can be filled to a certain extent, and the water stability of the tailings materials is improved.
The iron tailing road base material comprises 2-10 parts of cement, preferably 4-8 parts of cement and more preferably 6 parts of cement based on the mass parts of the iron tailing. In the present invention, the strength grade of the cement is preferably not less than 32.5; in a specific embodiment of the present invention, the cement is preferably Portland cement having a strength grade of not less than 32.5.
The iron tailing road base material comprises 8-12 parts by mass, preferably 9-11 parts by mass, more preferably 10 parts by mass of water based on the iron tailing sand ore.
Based on the mass parts of the iron tailing sand mine, the iron tailing road base material comprises 0.02-0.5 part of betaine type amphoteric polymer surfactant. In the present invention, the betaine type amphoteric polymer surfactant is preferably one or more of dodecyltrimethylamine ethyl lactone, tetradecylsulfonyl betaine and lignin sulfonate betaine, and more preferably dodecyltrimethylamine ethyl lactone. In the invention, the betaine type amphoteric high molecular surfactant contains a lipophilic long fatty carbon chain in the molecule, and the functional group can reduce the hydrophilicity of the tailing sand particles and improve the lipophilicity. Meanwhile, the N atom of the betaine type amphoteric polymer surfactant also contains positive charges, and can squeeze Ca after being attracted by negative charges on the surfaces of tailing sand particles 2+ 、Mg 2+ And metal cations, which play a role in reducing osmotic pressure. Therefore, after betaine type amphoteric high molecular surfactant molecules enter iron tailing sand, N atoms are adsorbed on the surfaces of particles, long fatty carbon chains are exposed, the lipophilicity of the whole particles is increased, osmotic pressure and hydrophilicity are reduced, and the strength of the tailing sand is further improved. The betaine type amphoteric polymer surfactant contains carboxyl groups and sulfonic acid groups, and the functional groups can be matched with Ca in the iron tailing sand 2+ 、Mg 2+ And by combining, the concentration of cations in the iron tailing sand is reduced, and the effect of reducing the thickness of a water molecule layer is achieved.
Based on the mass parts of the iron tailing sand mine, the iron tailing road base material comprises 0.02-0.5 part of alkyl quaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactant. In the present invention, the alkyl quaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactant is preferably one or more of cetyl trimethylammonium bromide, dodecyl dimethylbenzyl ammonium chloride, dodecyl trimethylammonium bromide, tetradecyl trimethylammonium bromide, dodecyl trimethylammonium chloride (LTAC), tetradecyl trimethylammonium chloride (TTAC), cetyl trimethylammonium chloride (CTAC) and octadecyl trimethylammonium chloride (OTAC), and more preferably cetyl trimethylammonium bromide. In the invention, because the iron tailing sand particles are smaller, have larger specific surface energy and stronger adsorption capacity, the surface tension of the alkyl quaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactant is small, the alkyl quaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactant can be spread on the surface of the iron tailing sand, and the alkyl quaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactant exists between layers in a micelle state after entering the interlayer of the iron tailing road base material, so that part of small holes are filled. Meanwhile, the alkyl quaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactant neutralizes the negative charge on the surfaces of part of iron tailing sand particles, so that the negative charge amount on the surfaces of the iron tailing sand particles is reduced, the influence range of an electrostatic gravitational field formed around the iron tailing sand particles is also reduced, the thickness of a hydration film formed when the iron tailing sand particles are contacted with water in pores is thinned, and the overall strength of the material is higher.
Based on the mass parts of the iron tailing sand mine, the iron tailing road base material comprises 0.02-0.5 part of lignin. In the invention, the lignin can fill the pores among iron tailing sand particles, so that the adsorbability of the iron tailing road base material to water is improved, and the frost heaving sensitivity is reduced; meanwhile, the lignin can eliminate local weak parts in the iron tailing sand; the fine particles of the lignin can fill the pores of the iron tailing road base material, so that the compactness of the base material is improved; and the lignin can neutralize the negative charge on the surface of the iron tailing sand particles through ion exchange, so that the thickness of an electric double layer is reduced, a cementing substance is generated to fill pores and connect soil particles, the specific surface area of a cementing part is increased, a more stable structure is formed, and the overall strength of the material is further enhanced.
In the invention, the betaine type amphoteric polymer surfactant, the alkyl quaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactant and lignin all play the role of a curing agent; according to the invention, three curing agents are used in a matched manner, so that all substances in the iron tailing road base material form a compact whole structure, the strength and compactness are improved, the strength of the prepared iron tailing road base material is further improved, and the three curing agents can ensure that the obtained iron tailing road base material has higher water stability and freeze thawing coefficients.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the iron tailing road base material, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Mixing iron tailing sand and lignin to obtain a mixture;
(2) Mixing betaine type amphoteric high molecular surfactant, alkyl quaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactant curing agent and water to obtain diluent;
(3) Mixing 60-80% of the diluent with the mixture, and then stuffiness the mixture for 2-4 hours to obtain a mixed wet material;
(4) Mixing the mixed wet material, cement and the rest of diluent to obtain an iron tailing road base material;
the steps (1) and (2) are not limited in time sequence.
In the specific embodiment of the invention, the water consumption in the step (2) is preferably determined according to the optimal water content, and the total water addition amount is more than 1% -2% of the optimal water content; the method of testing the optimum water content is preferably: mixing iron tailing sand, cement, betaine type amphoteric polymer surfactant, alkyl quaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactant and lignin, and performing compaction test to obtain the optimal water content of the test piece.
In the present invention, the smoldering material is preferably: and covering the obtained mixture by using a film, and standing at room temperature for smoldering.
The present invention is not particularly limited to the mixing in steps (1) to (4), and may be carried out by mixing methods known to those skilled in the art.
The invention also provides application of the iron tailing road base material in road engineering, and the iron tailing road base material is used for roadbed construction.
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will clearly and fully describe the technical solutions of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the embodiment, the Hebei Fuping iron tailing sand is selected, and is stored after being collected on site; the cement is 32.5 ordinary Portland cement produced by Tangshan Fu cement plant; dodecyl trimethyl amine ethyllactone, cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, all purchased from beijing enokie technologies limited, are analytically pure grades; lignin was purchased from henna, inc.
Example 1
The iron tailing road base material comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass:
(1) Weighing various raw materials according to the required proportion, and uniformly mixing iron tailing sand and lignin to obtain a mixture;
(2) Mixing dodecyl trimethyl amine ethyllactone and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide according to the optimal water content, and adding water to prepare a diluent;
(3) Mixing 70% of the diluent with the mixture, covering the mixture with a plastic film, and standing for 2-4 hours to obtain a mixed wet material;
(4) And mixing the mixed wet material, cement and the residual diluent to obtain the iron tailing road base material.
Comparative example 1
Compared with the example 1, the raw materials are different in that the raw materials consist of the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of iron tailing sand, 6 parts of cement, 10 parts of water and 0.06 part of dodecyl trimethyl amine ethyllactone; the preparation method of comparative example 1 comprises the following steps:
(1) Weighing various raw materials according to the required proportion;
(2) Adding dodecyl trimethyl amine ethyllactone into water according to the optimal water content to prepare a diluent;
(3) Mixing 70% of the diluent with the iron tailing sand, covering the mixture with a plastic film, standing for 2-4 hours, and obtaining a mixed wet material;
(4) And mixing the mixed wet material, cement and the residual diluent to obtain the iron tailing road base material.
Comparative example 2
Compared with the example 1, the raw materials are different in that the raw materials consist of the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of iron tailing sand, 6 parts of cement, 10 parts of water and 0.06 part of hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide; the preparation method of comparative example 2 comprises the following steps:
(1) Weighing various raw materials according to the required proportion;
(2) Adding hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide into water according to the optimal water content to prepare a diluent;
(3) Mixing 70% of the diluent with the iron tailing sand, covering the mixture with a plastic film, standing for 2-4 hours, and obtaining a mixed wet material;
(4) And mixing the mixed wet material, cement and the residual diluent to obtain the iron tailing road base material.
Comparative example 3
Compared with the example 1, the raw materials are different in that the raw materials consist of the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of iron tailing sand, 6 parts of cement, 10 parts of water and 0.06 part of lignin; the preparation method of comparative example 3 comprises the following steps:
(1) Weighing various raw materials according to the required proportion, and uniformly mixing iron tailing sand and lignin to obtain a mixture;
(2) Mixing water with the mixture, covering the mixture with a plastic film, and standing for 2-4 hours to obtain a mixed wet material;
(3) And mixing the mixed wet material with cement to obtain the iron tailing road base material.
Comparative example 4
Compared with the example 1, the raw materials are different in that the raw materials consist of the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of iron tailing sand, 6 parts of cement, 10 parts of water, 0.03 part of dodecyl trimethyl amine ethyllactone and 0.03 part of hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide; the preparation method of comparative example 4 comprises the following steps:
(1) Weighing various raw materials according to the required proportion;
(2) Mixing dodecyl trimethyl amine ethyllactone and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide according to the optimal water content, and adding water to prepare a diluent;
(3) Mixing 70% of the diluent with the iron tailing sand, covering the mixture with a plastic film, standing for 2-4 hours, and obtaining a mixed wet material;
(4) And mixing the mixed wet material, cement and the residual diluent to obtain the iron tailing road base material.
Comparative example 5
Compared with the example 1, the raw materials are different in that the raw materials consist of the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of iron tailing sand, 6 parts of cement, 10 parts of water, 0.03 part of dodecyl trimethyl amine ethyllactone and 0.03 part of lignin; the preparation method of comparative example 5 comprises the following steps:
(1) Weighing various raw materials according to the required proportion, and uniformly mixing iron tailing sand and lignin to obtain a mixture;
(2) Adding dodecyl trimethyl amine ethyllactone into water according to the optimal water content to prepare a diluent;
(3) Mixing 70% of the diluent with the mixture, covering the mixture with a plastic film, and standing for 2-4 hours to obtain a mixed wet material;
(4) And mixing the mixed wet material, cement and the residual diluent to obtain the iron tailing road base material.
Comparative example 6
Compared with the example 1, the raw materials are different in that the raw materials consist of the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of iron tailing sand, 6 parts of cement, 10 parts of water, 0.03 part of cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and 0.03 part of lignin; the preparation method of comparative example 6 comprises the following steps:
(1) Weighing various raw materials according to the required proportion, and uniformly mixing iron tailing sand and lignin to obtain a mixture;
(2) Adding hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide into water according to the optimal water content to prepare a diluent;
(3) Mixing 70% of the diluent with the mixture, covering the mixture with a plastic film, and standing for 2-4 hours to obtain a mixed wet material;
(4) And mixing the mixed wet material, cement and the residual diluent to obtain the iron tailing road base material.
At least 6 test pieces prepared in each of example 1 and comparative examples 1 to 6 were placed in a standard curing box (curing temperature 20.+ -. 2 ℃ C., humidity 95%) and immersed in water for 1 day after curing for 6 days, and the surface moisture of the test pieces was wiped dry, and an unconfined compressive strength test was performed according to the test procedure for inorganic binder stabilization materials for highway engineering, and the results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 results of unconfined compressive Strength test of samples obtained in example 1 and comparative examples 1 to 6
As is clear from table 1, the difference in the curing agent in the mixture resulted in a certain difference in strength of the test piece without changing the amount of cement, and the compressive strength of the test piece was lower in the case of using only lignin as the curing agent, and was only 0.98MPa, and the strength of the test piece was increased compared to the case of using only lignin when any two of dodecyltrimethylamine ethyl lactone, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide and lignin were used as the curing agent, and the peak value of the strength was 1.58MPa when three curing agents of dodecyltrimethylamine ethyl lactone, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide and lignin were simultaneously used (example 1).
Examples 2 to 4
The preparation method was the same as in example 1 except that the cement content was 4 parts, 8 parts and 10 parts, respectively.
Comparative examples 7 to 10
Comparative examples 7 to 10 correspond to examples 1 to 4, respectively, and comparative examples 7 to 10 differ from examples 1 to 4 in that no curing agent (dodecyltrimethylammonium acetate, hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide, and lignin) was added; the preparation methods of comparative examples 7 to 10 include the following steps:
(1) Weighing various raw materials according to the required proportion;
(2) Mixing water with the iron tailing sand according to the optimal water content, covering the choke plug with a plastic film, and standing for 2-4 hours to obtain a mixed wet material;
(3) Mixing the mixed wet material with cement, obtaining the iron tailing road base material.
At least 6 test pieces prepared in each of examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 7 to 10 were placed in a standard curing box (curing temperature 20.+ -. 2 ℃ C., humidity 95%) and, after curing for 6 days, immersed in water for 1 day, and the surface moisture of the test pieces was wiped off, and an unconfined compressive strength test was performed according to the test procedure for inorganic binder stabilizing materials for highway engineering, and the results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 2 unconfined compressive Strength test results for the samples obtained in examples 1-4 and comparative examples 7-10
As can be seen from table 2, under the condition of curing for a certain period, the strength of the test piece gradually increases with the increase of the cement consumption, and the addition of the curing agent can significantly improve the strength of the test piece; however, the excessive cement consumption can increase the economic cost, and the hydration heat reaction in the mixture is too large, so that the mixture is easy to crack, the water stability is not facilitated, and the excessive cement consumption is not beneficial to the cementation of tailing sand materials; when the mixing amount of cement is 6 parts, the curing age is from 7 days, the strength of a curing agent test piece reaches 1.58MPa, the strength of the curing agent test piece is more than 1.0MPa when the cement stabilizing material is used as a road subbase layer specified in the highway asphalt pavement design rule, and the best test amount of 6 parts of cement can be seen from table 2.
Comparative example 11
Other conditions were the same as in example 1 except that the curing agent (dodecyltrimethylammonium ethyllactone, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide and lignin) used in example 1 was replaced with lignin sulfonate in an amount of 0.06 parts.
Comparative example 12
Other conditions were the same as in example 1 except that the curing agent (dodecyltrimethylammonium ethyllactone, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide and lignin) used in example 1 was replaced with dodecylbenzenesulfonate in an amount of 0.06 parts.
Comparative example 13
Other conditions were the same as in example 1 except that the curing agent (dodecyltrimethylammonium ethyllactone, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide and lignin) used in example 1 was replaced with a sulfonated oil in an amount of 0.06 parts.
At least 6 test pieces prepared in each of example 1 and comparative examples 11 to 13 were placed in a standard curing box (curing temperature 20.+ -. 2 ℃ C., humidity 95%) and immersed in water for 1 day after curing for 6 days, and the surface moisture of the test pieces was wiped dry, and an unconfined compressive strength test was performed according to the test procedure for inorganic binder stabilization materials for highway engineering, and the results are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 results of unconfined compressive Strength test of samples obtained in example 1 and comparative examples 11 to 13
Example 5
The preparation method is the same as in example 1, except that the composition comprises the following components in parts by weight, 100 parts of iron tailing sand, 6 parts of cement, 10 parts of water, 0.1 part of dodecyl trimethyl amine ethyllactone, 0.1 part of hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and 0.1 part of lignin.
Example 6
The preparation method is the same as in example 1, except that the composition comprises the following components in parts by weight, 100 parts of iron tailing sand, 6 parts of cement, 10 parts of water, 0.5 part of dodecyl trimethyl amine ethyllactone, 0.5 part of hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and 0.5 part of lignin.
At least 6 test pieces prepared in each of examples 1 and 5 and 6 were placed in a standard curing box (curing temperature 20.+ -. 2 ℃ and humidity 95%), and after curing for 6 days, the test pieces were immersed in water for 1 day, and the surface moisture of the test pieces was wiped dry, and an unconfined compressive strength test was performed according to the test procedure for inorganic binder stabilization materials for highway engineering, and the results are shown in Table 4.
Table 4 results of unconfined compressive strength test of the samples obtained in example 1 and examples 5 to 6
As is clear from table 4, the difference in the amount of the curing agent resulted in a certain difference in the strength of the test piece without changing the amount of cement, and the strength showed a gradual trend of increasing with the increase in the amount of the curing agent, but the increase in the strength was not significant after the amount exceeded 0.06 parts, and thus it appears that the optimum amount of the curing agent was 0.06 parts.
The test pieces prepared in example 1 and comparative example 7 were subjected to an unconfined compression test. The unconfined compression test specifically operates as follows: the iron tailing road base materials prepared in example 1 and comparative example 7 were divided into four groups according to different ages (7 days, 14 days, 28 days, 63 days), 6 test pieces were prepared for each group, and were put into a standard curing box (curing temperature 20.+ -. 2 ℃ and humidity 95%), and were respectively cured for 7 days, 14 days, 28 days, 63 days, then immersed in water for 1 day, and the surface moisture of the test pieces was wiped dry, and an unconfined compressive strength test was performed according to the "highway engineering inorganic binder stabilizing material test procedure", the results of which are shown in Table 5, and the data in Table 5 are unconfined compressive strengths.
TABLE 5 results of unconfined compressive Strength test of samples obtained in example 1, comparative example 7
| Curing for 7 days | Curing for 14 days | Curing for 28 days | Curing for 63 days | |
| Example 1 | 1.58 | 2.38 | 3.41 | 4.05 |
| Comparative example 7 | 0.90 | 1.32 | 1.96 | 2.49 |
The data in Table 5 show that with the extension of the curing age, the unconfined compressive strength of the test piece is increased in different degrees, the strength of the test piece by using the curing agent is obviously higher than that of a blank, and the strength reaches 4.05MPa in 63 days of curing, so that the use standard of the high-grade road subgrade is met.
The iron tailing road base materials prepared in example 1 and comparative example 7 were subjected to water stabilization test and freeze thawing test for 7 days and 28 days, respectively.
The experimental procedure was performed according to the Highway engineering inorganic binder stabilization Material test protocol (JTG E51-2009). The water stability index is expressed as the water immersion strength/no water immersion strength. The soaking strength is measured by putting the test piece into a standard curing box for curing for 1 day before a specified age, and soaking the test piece in water for 1 day; the non-soaking strength is standard, and normal curing is carried out in a curing room until the curing is carried out in a specified age. The freeze stability index is expressed by the intensity of five freeze thawing cycles/immersion intensity. The five times of freeze thawing cycle strength is that the test piece is soaked for 24 hours a day before being cured to a specified age, then frozen for 16 hours in a refrigerator at the temperature of minus 18 ℃, taken out and melted in water in a standard curing room for 8 hours, and the test piece is one cycle. The results of the water stabilization test and the freeze thawing test are shown in Table 6.
TABLE 6 results of the water stabilization test and the freeze thawing test for the samples obtained in example 1 and comparative example 7
The data in table 6 shows that the cement and the different curing agents improve the strength of the iron tailings to be reduced after the freeze-thawing cycle. From the maintenance time, the water stability and the freeze-thawing coefficient of the inorganic solidified iron tailing sand are increased from 7 days to 28 days under the same inorganic material doping amount, and the freeze-thawing coefficient of the iron tailing road base material provided in the example 1 is slightly reduced from 7 days to 28 days under the same inorganic material doping amount. Under the same mixing amount, the partial loss of the curing agent molecules in the curing process leads to the reduction of molecules attached around soil particles along with the extension of the curing time, so that the 28-day freeze thawing coefficient of the base material prepared in the embodiment 7 of the invention is slightly less than that of an inorganic curing product under the same mixing amount, but is still greatly superior to that of an inorganic curing product.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and it should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, which are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The iron tailing road base material is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by mass: 100 parts of iron tailing sand, 2-10 parts of cement, 8-12 parts of water, 0.02-0.5 part of betaine type amphoteric polymer surfactant, 0.02-0.5 part of alkyl quaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactant and 0.02-0.5 part of lignin.
2. The iron tailing road base material according to claim 1, comprising the following components in parts by mass: 100 parts of iron tailing sand, 6 parts of cement, 10 parts of water, 0.02-0.5 part of betaine type amphoteric polymer surfactant, 0.02-0.5 part of alkyl quaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactant and 0.02-0.5 part of lignin.
3. The iron tailings road base material of claim 1 wherein the iron tailings sand has a particle size no greater than 2.0mm.
4. The iron tailings road base material of claim 1 wherein the cement has a strength rating of not less than 32.5.
5. The iron tailings roadway base material of claim 1, wherein the betaine-type amphoteric polymeric surfactant comprises one or more of dodecyl trimethyl amine ethyl lactone, tetradecyl sulfobetaine, and lignin sulfobetaine.
6. The iron tailings road base material of claim 1 wherein the alkyl quaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactant comprises one or more of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, dodecyldimethylbenzyl ammonium chloride, dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide, tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide, dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride, tetradecyltrimethylammonium chloride, hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride and octadecyltrimethylammonium chloride.
7. The method for preparing the iron tailing road base material as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by comprising the steps of:
(1) Mixing iron tailing sand and lignin to obtain a mixture;
(2) Mixing betaine type amphoteric high molecular surfactant, alkyl quaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactant and water to obtain a diluent;
(3) Mixing 60-80 wt% of the diluent with the mixture, and then stuffiness the mixture for 2-4 hours to obtain a mixed wet material;
(4) Mixing the mixed wet material, cement and the rest of diluent to obtain an iron tailing road base material;
the steps (1) and (2) are not limited in time sequence.
8. Use of the iron tailing road base material according to any one of claims 1 to 6 or the iron tailing road base material prepared by the preparation method according to claim 7 in road engineering.
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| KR100632357B1 (en) * | 2005-08-30 | 2006-10-11 | (주)삼창그린텍 | Method of stabilizing soil and waste concrete and soil or waste concrete stabilized by the method |
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| CN111003984A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-04-14 | 安徽工业大学 | Novel tailing mixed soil road subgrade material and preparation method thereof |
| CN111410496A (en) * | 2020-03-25 | 2020-07-14 | 马钢集团设计研究院有限责任公司 | Road base material and preparation method thereof |
| CN112851182A (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2021-05-28 | 河北省建筑科学研究院有限公司 | Special anti-adsorbent for iron tailing sand and preparation method thereof |
| CN115872666A (en) * | 2023-01-10 | 2023-03-31 | 中筑信云发展有限公司 | Additive preparation method for tailing sand building material utilization |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| KR100632357B1 (en) * | 2005-08-30 | 2006-10-11 | (주)삼창그린텍 | Method of stabilizing soil and waste concrete and soil or waste concrete stabilized by the method |
| CN104944860A (en) * | 2015-06-02 | 2015-09-30 | 江苏省交通规划设计院股份有限公司 | High-content iron tailings sand road base mixture |
| CN111003984A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-04-14 | 安徽工业大学 | Novel tailing mixed soil road subgrade material and preparation method thereof |
| CN111410496A (en) * | 2020-03-25 | 2020-07-14 | 马钢集团设计研究院有限责任公司 | Road base material and preparation method thereof |
| CN112851182A (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2021-05-28 | 河北省建筑科学研究院有限公司 | Special anti-adsorbent for iron tailing sand and preparation method thereof |
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