CN116400526B - Display module, driving method and display device - Google Patents

Display module, driving method and display device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116400526B
CN116400526B CN202310671589.7A CN202310671589A CN116400526B CN 116400526 B CN116400526 B CN 116400526B CN 202310671589 A CN202310671589 A CN 202310671589A CN 116400526 B CN116400526 B CN 116400526B
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light
layer
electrode layer
liquid crystal
display
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CN202310671589.7A
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CN116400526A (en
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文华银
谢俊烽
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HKC Co Ltd
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HKC Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/1323Arrangements for providing a switchable viewing angle
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133553Reflecting elements
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1343Electrodes
    • G02F1/134309Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)

Abstract

The application discloses a display module, a driving method and a display device, and relates to the technical field of display; the display module comprises a light adjusting component, wherein the light adjusting component comprises a light adjusting layer, a first electrode layer, a liquid crystal composite layer and a second electrode layer, and the light adjusting layer is arranged on one side of the lower polaroid far away from the display layer; the first electrode layer is arranged on one side of the light adjusting layer, which is far away from the lower polaroid; the liquid crystal composite layer is arranged on one side of the first electrode layer far away from the light adjusting layer; the second electrode layer is arranged on one side of the liquid crystal composite layer, which is far away from the first electrode layer, and the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer are electrified to form an electric field; the display module provided by the application switches the peep-proof mode and the wide-view mode by controlling whether the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer are electrified or not, thereby meeting the use requirement of a user and improving the use experience of the user.

Description

Display module, driving method and display device
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of display technologies, and in particular, to a display module, a driving method, and a display device.
Background
With the continuous development of display technology, the visual angle of the display panel is wider and wider, and the visual angle of the current display panel is close to 180 degrees, so that a user can watch the content displayed by the display panel at all angles, and basically realize the viewing experience without dead angles, however, in public places, the privacy leakage of the user is also brought unnecessary trouble due to the increase of the visual angle.
At present, in order to avoid privacy disclosure, a peep-proof film is often added on a display screen to realize convergence of a visual angle, but the problems of display panel brightness reduction and poor display effect are also brought while effective peep-proof are solved, and the peep-proof film can only unidirectionally peep-proof, so that when a user needs to share display contents to other users, the peep-proof film cannot be switched back to a normal mode from the peep-proof mode, and the use experience of the user is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a display module, a driving method and a display device, wherein the peep-proof mode and the wide-view-angle mode are switched by controlling whether the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer are electrified or not, so that the use requirements of users are met, and the use experience of the users is improved.
The application discloses a display module, which comprises a display layer, an upper polaroid, a lower polaroid, a light adjusting component and a light adjusting component, wherein the upper polaroid is arranged on one side of a light emitting surface of the display layer, the lower polaroid is arranged on one side of a light entering surface of the display layer, an absorption axis of the upper polaroid is perpendicular to that of the lower polaroid, the light adjusting component is arranged on one side of the lower polaroid away from the display layer, the light adjusting component comprises a light adjusting layer, a first electrode layer, a liquid crystal composite layer and a second electrode layer, the light adjusting layer is arranged on one side of the lower polaroid away from the display layer, and the light adjusting layer comprises a light transmitting area and a light shielding area which are arranged at intervals; the first electrode layer is arranged on one side of the light adjusting layer away from the lower polaroid; the liquid crystal composite layer is arranged on one side of the first electrode layer far away from the light adjusting layer, and comprises liquid crystal molecules and high-reflection molecules which are sequentially arranged at intervals; the second electrode layer is arranged on one side of the liquid crystal composite layer far away from the first electrode layer, and the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer are electrified to form an electric field; when the display module is in the peep-proof mode, the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer are not electrified, liquid crystal molecules and high-reflection molecules of the liquid crystal composite layer are in an initial state, light rays corresponding to the light transmission area directly enter the display layer, and the light rays corresponding to the light shielding area are blocked by the light shielding area; when the display module is in a wide viewing angle mode, the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer are electrified, liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal composite layer deflect, light rays are scattered under the action of the liquid crystal molecules and high reflection molecules after entering the liquid crystal composite layer, and the light rays pass through the light transmission area to enter the display layer above the light transmission area or the display layer above the light shielding area.
Optionally, the light shielding area is provided with a first reflecting film, and a second reflecting film is arranged on one side of the first electrode layer, which is close to the light adjusting layer; the first reflecting film is a total reflecting film, the second reflecting film is a semi-reflecting film, the semi-reflecting film comprises a semi-reflecting area corresponding to the shading area and a first transmitting area corresponding to the transmitting area, and the semi-reflecting area comprises a reflecting area and a second transmitting area which are arranged at intervals.
Optionally, the light adjusting layer is provided with a plurality of microprisms, and the microprisms are respectively arranged corresponding to the shading areas; wherein, the microprism is close to the first electrode layer one side on be equipped with first reflection coating.
Optionally, the micro-prism is triangular, and the micro-prism includes a first edge attached to the light adjusting layer, and a second edge and a third edge far away from the light adjusting layer; the included angle between the first edge and the second edge is alpha, the included angle between the first edge and the third edge is beta, and the alpha is equal to the beta.
Optionally, the microprism is half-moon-shaped, and the microprism comprises a straight edge attached to the light adjusting layer and an arc edge far away from the light adjusting layer; and the intersecting line angle of the straight edge and the tangent line of the circular arc edge is less than or equal to 15 degrees.
Optionally, the light adjusting layer is provided with a plurality of microprisms, a plurality of microprisms correspond respectively the shading district sets up, every microprism includes first sub-prism and second sub-prism, first sub-prism with second sub-prism symmetry sets up, first sub-prism with second sub-prism is right angled triangle structure, and its hypotenuse sets up relatively, its right angle limit of one side with the laminating of light adjusting layer sets up, first reflectance coating sets up the hypotenuse of first sub-prism with on the hypotenuse of second sub-prism.
Optionally, α is 15 ° or less.
Optionally, the high-reflectivity molecules are made of polydimethylsiloxane materials.
The application also discloses a driving method, which is applied to the display module, and comprises the following steps:
in the peep-proof mode, the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer are not electrified, and the liquid crystal molecules and the high-reflection molecules are in an initial state;
in a wide viewing angle mode, the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer are electrified, liquid crystal molecules deflect, and high-reflection molecules are in an initial state;
when the display module is in the peep-proof mode, the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer are not electrified, liquid crystal molecules and high-reflection molecules of the liquid crystal composite layer are in an initial state, light rays corresponding to the light transmission area directly enter the display layer, and the light rays corresponding to the light shielding area are blocked by the light shielding area; when the display module is in a wide viewing angle mode, the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer are electrified, liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal composite layer deflect, light rays are scattered under the action of the liquid crystal molecules and high reflection molecules after entering the liquid crystal composite layer, and the light rays pass through the light transmission area to enter the display layer above the light transmission area or the display layer above the light shielding area.
The application also discloses a display device which comprises a driving circuit and the display module, wherein the driving circuit drives the display module.
According to the display module, whether the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer are electrified or not is controlled, so that the deflection condition of liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal composite layer is controlled, and the emergent angle of light rays after entering the liquid crystal composite layer is controlled, so that the display module can be switched between the peep-proof mode and the wide-view mode according to the self-watching requirement, the use requirement of a user is met, and the use experience of the user is improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of embodiments of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the application. It is evident that the figures in the following description are only some embodiments of the application, from which other figures can be obtained without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a display module according to a first embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a display module according to a second embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic view illustrating a light path of a display module in a peep-proof mode according to a second embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view illustrating a light path of a display module in a wide viewing angle mode according to a second embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the application at A of FIG. 2;
fig. 6 is another schematic structural diagram of a display module according to a second embodiment of the present application;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a display module according to a third embodiment of the present application;
fig. 8 is a schematic view illustrating a light path of a display module in a peep-proof mode according to a third embodiment of the application;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view illustrating a light path of a display module in a wide viewing angle mode according to a third embodiment of the present application;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a display module according to a fourth embodiment of the present application;
fig. 11 is a step flow chart of a driving method of a fifth embodiment of the present application;
fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of a display device according to a sixth embodiment of the present application.
100, a display module; 110. a display layer; 120. a polaroid is arranged on the upper surface of the substrate; 130. a lower polarizer; 200. a light adjustment assembly; 210. a light adjusting layer; 211. a light transmission region; 212. a light shielding region; 213. a first reflective film; 214. a second reflective film; 215. a reflection region; 216. a transmissive region; 220. a first electrode layer; 230. a liquid crystal composite layer; 231. liquid crystal molecules; 232. a highly reflective molecule; 240. a second electrode layer; 250. a microprism; 251. a first edge; 252. a second side; 253. a third side; 254. a first sub-prism; 255. a second sub-prism; 260. a flat layer; 270. a first light reflecting member; 280. a second light reflecting member; 300. a driving circuit; 400. a display device.
Detailed Description
It is to be understood that the terminology used herein, the specific structural and functional details disclosed are merely representative for the purpose of describing particular embodiments, but that the application may be embodied in many alternate forms and should not be construed as limited to only the embodiments set forth herein.
In the description of the present application, the terms "first", "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, unless otherwise indicated, features defining "first", "second" may include one or more such features either explicitly or implicitly; the meaning of "plurality" is two or more. The terms "comprises," "comprising," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof may be present or added.
In addition, terms of the azimuth or positional relationship indicated by "center", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., are described based on the azimuth or relative positional relationship shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of description of the present application, and do not indicate that the apparatus or element referred to must have a specific azimuth, be constructed and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application.
Furthermore, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intermediaries, or in communication with each other. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the optional embodiments, and it should be noted that, without conflict, new embodiments may be formed by any combination of the embodiments or technical features described below.
As shown in fig. 1, as a first embodiment of the present application, a display module 100 is disclosed, the display module 100 includes a display layer 110, an upper polarizer 120 and a lower polarizer 130, the upper polarizer 120 is disposed on a light exit surface side of the display layer 110, the lower polarizer 130 is disposed on a light entrance surface side of the display layer 110, an absorption axis of the upper polarizer 120 is perpendicular to an absorption axis of the lower polarizer 130, the display module 100 further includes a light adjusting assembly 200, the light adjusting assembly 200 is disposed on a side of the lower polarizer 130 away from the display layer 110, the light adjusting assembly 200 includes a light adjusting layer 210, a first electrode layer 220, a liquid crystal composite layer 230 and a second electrode layer 240, the light adjusting layer 210 is disposed on a side of the lower polarizer 130 away from the display layer 110, the light adjusting layer 210 includes a light transmitting region 211 and a light shielding region 212, the first electrode layer 220 is disposed on a side of the light adjusting layer 210 away from the lower polarizer 130, the liquid crystal composite layer 230 is disposed on a side of the first electrode layer 220 away from the liquid crystal layer 230, and the first electrode layer 230 is disposed on a side of the composite electrode layer 230 is disposed on a high-electric field layer, and the composite layer 230 is disposed on a side of the composite electrode layer 240 is disposed on a high-electric field layer, and the composite layer 230 is formed on a side of the composite layer is disposed on the composite layer 240 is formed; when the display module 100 is in the peep-proof mode, the first electrode layer 220 and the second electrode layer 240 are not energized, the liquid crystal molecules 231 and the high reflection molecules 232 of the liquid crystal composite layer 230 are in an initial state, when light enters the liquid crystal composite layer 230 through the second electrode layer 240, the light can directly pass through the liquid crystal composite layer 230 and then enter the light adjusting layer 210 because the liquid crystal molecules 231 and the high reflection molecules 232 are in the initial state, the light corresponding to the light transmitting area 211 can directly enter the display layer 110, and the light corresponding to the light shielding area 212 can be shielded by the light shielding area 212, so that the display module 100 forms the peep-proof mode with a narrower visual angle, a user can only watch the display content in an angle perpendicular to the light incident surface of the display panel or in an almost perpendicular angle, and other visual angles can not watch the display content; when the display module 100 is in the wide viewing angle mode, the first electrode layer 220 and the second electrode layer 240 are energized, the first electrode layer 220 and the second electrode layer 240 form an electric field, the electric field controls the liquid crystal molecules 231 of the liquid crystal composite layer 230 to deflect, the deflection angle of the electric field is related to the electric field intensity, when the light enters the liquid crystal composite layer 230 through the second electrode layer 240, due to the deflection of the liquid crystal molecules 231, the light is scattered under the action of the liquid crystal molecules 231 and the high reflection molecules 232 when passing through the liquid crystal molecules 231 and the high reflection molecules 232, so that the emergent angle of the light is changed, part of the light obliquely emitted out of the liquid crystal composite layer 230 can pass through the light-transmitting area 211 to be emitted into the display layer 110 above the light-shielding area 212, and part of the light obliquely emitted out of the liquid crystal composite layer 230 can pass through the light-transmitting area 211 to be emitted into the display layer 110 above the light-transmitting area 211 to provide the light, so that the display layer 110 corresponding to the light-shielding area 212 and the display layer 110 corresponding to the light-shielding area 212 can have the incident light, thereby forming a wide viewing angle for the display module 100, and not affecting the viewing angle of the viewing from the viewing user; it should be noted that, the initial states of the high reflective molecules 232 and the liquid crystal molecules 231 are vertically aligned, the long axes of the high reflective molecules 232 and the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules 231 are parallel, and when the display module 100 is in the wide viewing angle mode, the liquid crystal molecules 231 deflect, and the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules 231 and the long axes of the high reflective molecules 232 are obliquely aligned; the high reflective molecules 232 may be made of a liquid PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane) material, the absorption axis of the upper polarizer 120 is 0 °, and the absorption axis of the lower polarizer 130 is 90 °.
When the display module 100 of the present embodiment is used, a user can select the display module 100 to be in a peep-proof mode or a wide viewing angle mode according to the requirement of the user, when the display module 100 is selected to be in the peep-proof mode, the first electrode layer 220 and the second electrode layer 240 are controlled to be not electrified, and when the display module 100 is selected to be in the wide viewing angle mode, the first electrode layer 220 and the second electrode layer 240 are controlled to be electrified so as to deflect the liquid crystal molecules 231 in the liquid crystal composite layer 230; in general, in the display module 100 of the embodiment, whether the first electrode layer 220 and the second electrode layer 240 are electrified or not is controlled to control the deflection condition of the liquid crystal molecules 231 in the liquid crystal composite layer 230, so as to control the emergent angle of the light after entering the liquid crystal composite layer 230, so as to realize the switching of the display module 100 in the peep-proof mode and the wide viewing angle mode, so that a user can switch between the peep-proof mode and the wide viewing angle mode according to the self-viewing requirement, thereby meeting the use requirement of the user and improving the use experience of the user.
Further, in order to improve the light utilization rate of the display module 100 of the present embodiment, the light shielding region 212 is provided with a first reflective film 213, a second reflective film 214 is disposed on a side of the first electrode layer 220, which is close to the light adjusting layer 210, the first reflective film 213 is a total reflective film, the second reflective film 214 is a semi-reflective film, the semi-reflective film includes a reflective region 215 and a transmissive region 216, which are disposed at intervals, when light enters the total reflective film, the total reflective film reflects all light, and when light enters the semi-reflective film, the light entering the transmissive region 216 can directly pass through the semi-reflective film, and when light enters the reflective region 215, the light entering the reflective region is reflected by the semi-reflective film; when the display module 100 is in the peep-proof mode, the first electrode layer 220 and the second electrode layer 240 are not energized, the liquid crystal molecules 231 and the high reflective molecules 232 of the liquid crystal composite layer 230 are in an initial state, and when light enters the liquid crystal composite layer 230 through the second electrode layer 240, as the liquid crystal molecules 231 and the high reflective molecules 232 are in the initial state, the light can directly pass through the liquid crystal composite layer 230 and then enter the light adjusting layer 210, the light corresponding to the light transmitting region 211 can be directly injected into the display layer 110, the light corresponding to the light shielding region 212 can be reflected by the first reflective film 213 arranged on the light shielding region 212, so that the light originally emitted to the light shielding region 212 is emitted towards the first electrode layer 220, and then under the action of the second reflective film 214 arranged on the first electrode layer 220, part of the light can be reflected again to be injected into the light transmitting region 211 or the light shielding region 212, and part of the light can pass through the first electrode layer 220, so that the light originally shielded by the light shielding layer can be reused, and the light utilization rate is improved; when the display module 100 is in the wide viewing angle mode, the first electrode layer 220 and the second electrode layer 240 are electrified to control the liquid crystal molecules 231 of the liquid crystal composite layer 230 to deflect, so that the light rays entering the liquid crystal composite layer 230 scatter under the action of the liquid crystal molecules 231 and the high reflection molecules 232, then the light rays are re-emitted into the light ray adjusting layer 210, the light rays corresponding to the light transmitting region 211 directly enter the display layer 110, the light rays corresponding to the light shielding region 212 are reflected by the first reflection film 213 arranged on the light shielding region 212, so that the light rays are emitted to the first electrode layer 220, and then under the action of the second reflection film 214 arranged on the first electrode layer 220, part of the light rays are reflected again to enter the light transmitting region 211 or the light shielding region 212, so that the light rays originally shielded by the light shielding layer can be reused, and the light ray utilization rate is improved; in general, the display module 100 of the present embodiment, by disposing the first reflective film 213 on the light shielding layer and disposing the second reflective film 214 on the first electrode layer 220, can reuse the light that is originally shielded by the light shielding layer under the action of the first reflective film 213 and the second reflective film 214, so as to improve the light utilization rate of the display module 100, and is more practical than the scheme that needs to improve the intensity of the light emitted by the backlight module; in this embodiment, the total reflection film may be made by surface evaporation of nano silver particles, and the reflection area 215 of the semi-reflection film may also be made by surface evaporation of nano silver particles, that is, the reflection area 215 of the semi-reflection film may be made of a material of the total reflection film, and the width of the reflection area 215 is equal to the width of the transmission area 216; wherein, in order to keep the second reflective film 214 flat as a whole during assembly, a flat layer 260 is further disposed between the second reflective film 214 and the first electrode layer 220, and the thickness of the flat layer 260 may be 2 micrometers; of course, the designer may also choose whether to provide the planarization layer 260 according to actual requirements, which is not limited herein.
As shown in fig. 2 to 5, as a second embodiment of the present application, which is a modification of the first embodiment of the present application, a display module 100 is disclosed, wherein a plurality of micro prisms 250 are disposed on the light adjusting layer 210, the plurality of micro prisms 250 are disposed corresponding to the light shielding regions 212, a first reflective film 213 is disposed on a side of the micro prisms 250 adjacent to the first electrode layer 220, the first reflective film 213 disposed on the micro prisms 250 can reflect the light blocked by the light shielding layer for reuse, wherein the micro prisms 250 may have a triangular structure, the micro prisms 250 include a first edge 251 attached to the light adjusting layer 210 and a second edge 252 and a third edge 253 far from the light adjusting layer 210, and an included angle between the first edge 251 and the second edge 252 is a, when the display module 100 of this embodiment is in use, when the display module is in the peep-proof mode, light is perpendicularly incident to the light adjusting layer 210, when the light perpendicularly incident to the inclined second side 252 and the inclined third side 253 of the microprism 250 is incident to the first reflecting film 213 of the second side 252 and the inclined third side 253, the light is reflected and obliquely incident to the first electrode layer 220, and when the light is incident to the first electrode layer 220, part of the light is reflected again under the action of the second reflecting film 214 on the first electrode layer 220, so that the light is emitted towards the light transmitting region 211 of the light adjusting layer 210, and the light emergent path in the whole process is as shown in fig. 3, so as to form the peep-proof mode of the display module 100; when the display module 100 is in the wide viewing angle mode, the light is scattered by the liquid crystal molecules 231 and the high reflective molecules 232 of the liquid crystal composite layer 230 to enter the light adjusting layer 210, the light adjusting layer 210 has the vertically incident light and the obliquely incident light, when the vertically incident light is incident on the obliquely second side 252 and the third side 253 of the microprism 250, the light is reflected by the first reflective film 213 of the second side 252 and the third side 253 and obliquely directed to the first electrode layer 220, and when the light is incident on the first electrode layer 220, the light is reflected again by the second reflective film 214 of the first electrode layer 220, so that part of the light is emitted toward the light transmitting region 211 of the light adjusting layer 210, when the obliquely incident light is incident on the obliquely second side 252 and the third side 253 of the microprism 250, the light is reflected by the first reflective film 213 of the second side 252 and the third side 253, when the light is incident on the first electrode layer 220, part of the light is reflected again by the second reflective film 214 on the first electrode layer 220, so that the light is emitted obliquely towards the light-transmitting region 211 of the light-modulating layer 210 or continues to be emitted obliquely towards the light-shielding region 212 of the light-modulating layer 210, the light emitted obliquely towards the light-shielding region 212 of the light-modulating layer 210 is reflected again by the first reflective film 213 until the light is incident into the light-transmitting region 211 of the light-modulating layer 210, the light emitted obliquely towards the light-transmitting region 211 of the light-modulating layer 210 is incident obliquely into the display layer 110, and is incident into the display layer 110 corresponding to the light-transmitting region 211 or the display layer 110 corresponding to the light-shielding region 212, the light-emitting path in the whole process is as shown in fig. 4, to form a wide viewing angle mode of the display module 100. In general, whether in the peep-proof mode or the wide viewing angle mode, when the light incident on the light adjusting layer 210 is incident on the inclined second side 252 and third side 253 of the microprism 250, the light is totally reflected by the first reflective film 213 of the second side 252 and third side 253 to be reflected to the second reflective film 214 on the first electrode layer 220, and then the emergent angle of the light is changed by the second reflective film 214 to be emitted from the light transmitting region 211 of the light adjusting layer 210, so as to be incident on the display layer 110 corresponding to the light transmitting region 211 or the display layer 110 corresponding to the light shielding region 212, thereby further improving the light utilization rate; of course, the microprism 250 is not limited to a triangle structure, and the microprism 250 may be a half-moon shape, as shown in fig. 6, the microprism 250 includes a straight edge attached to the light adjusting layer 210 and a circular arc edge far away from the light adjusting layer 210, an intersecting line angle of the straight edge and a tangent line of the circular arc edge is less than or equal to 15 °, and the first reflective film 213 is disposed on the circular arc edge.
When the included angle between the first side 251 and the second side 252 of the microprism 250 is α, the included angle between the first side 251 and the third side 253 is β, and both α and β are 10 degrees, the first side 251 of the microprism 250 is L, the height of the microprism 250 is 0.3L, and the interval between adjacent microprisms 250 is L, so that the display effect of the display module 100 of the embodiment is optimal.
As shown in fig. 7 to fig. 9, as a third embodiment of the present application, a display module 100 is disclosed, wherein a plurality of microprisms 250 are disposed on the light-modulating layer 210, and the microprisms 250 are disposed corresponding to the light-shielding regions 212, respectively, each of the microprisms 250 includes a first sub-prism 254 and a second sub-prism 255, the first sub-prism 254 and the second sub-prism 255 are symmetrically disposed, the first sub-prism 254 and the second sub-prism 255 are both in a right triangle structure, the hypotenuse of which is disposed opposite to each other, the right-angle edge of one side thereof is disposed in contact with the light-modulating layer 210, as shown in fig. 7, the first reflective film 213 is disposed on the hypotenuse of the first sub-prism 254 and the hypotenuse of the second sub-prism 255, and when in the anti-peeping mode, as shown in fig. 8, light is incident on the light-modulating layer 210, the corresponding light incident on the light-shielding region 254 directly impinges on the first sub-prism 254 and the second sub-prism 255, and then directs light incident on the first sub-prism 255 on the first sub-prism 254 and the first sub-prism 255 impinges on the first sub-prism 213 and the first reflective film 213 and the second sub-prism 255 impinges on the hypotenuse of the first sub-prism 213, and the first reflective film 213 and the second sub-prism 255 impinges on the hypotenuse of the first sub-prism 255 when in use, and the first reflective film 213 is disposed on the first sub-prism 255 and the first hypotenuse of the first sub-prism 213 and the first reflective film 213 and the first sub-prism 255 is disposed on the hypotenuse is disposed on the first sub-prism 255 and the first sub-prism 255, and the first sub-prism is disposed as shown in fig. and perpendicular viewing layer, and perpendicular opposite side and is shown layer is shown. When in the wide viewing angle mode, as shown in fig. 9, the light is scattered by the liquid crystal molecules 231 and the high reflective molecules 232 of the liquid crystal composite layer 230 to enter the light adjusting layer 210, the light adjusting layer 210 has the vertical incident light and the oblique incident light, the light corresponding to the vertical incident light entering the light shielding region 212 is reflected as described by the reflection path in the peep-proof mode, the light corresponding to the oblique incident light shielding region 212 is irradiated on the hypotenuses of the first sub-prism 254 and the second sub-prism 255, the emergent direction of the light is changed under the action of the first reflective film 213 of the first sub-prism 254 and the second sub-prism 255 to be obliquely directed towards the first electrode layer 220, then a part of the light is reflected again under the action of the second reflective film 214 of the first electrode layer 220 to be obliquely directed towards the light adjusting layer 210, so that the light is obliquely directed into the light shielding region 212 or obliquely directed into the light transmitting region 211 again, the light corresponding to the oblique incident light shielding region 212 is reflected again as described above until the light obliquely directed into the hypotenuse region 254 or the light transmitting region 255 is directed into the light shielding region 211, the light corresponding to the side of the light shielding region 110 is directed from the first sub-prism 254 or the light transmitting region 255 to the side of the light shielding region 110, and the light corresponding to the side of the light shielding region 110 is provided from the side of the first sub-prism 255 or the light shielding region 110 is directed towards the side of the light shielding region 110, and the light shielding region 110 is provided to the side of the light shielding region or the light shielding region 110 is directly directed towards the side of the light shielding region 110.
As shown in fig. 10, which is a modification of the second embodiment of the present application, a display module 100 is disclosed, where the light adjusting layer 210 further includes a light reflecting structure, the light reflecting structure includes a first light reflecting member 270 and a second light reflecting member 280, the first light reflecting member 270 and the second light reflecting member 280 are disposed in the light adjusting layer 210 and are respectively located at two ends of the light adjusting layer 210 near the non-display area, as shown in fig. 10, the surfaces of the first light reflecting member 270 and the second light reflecting member 280 are provided with light reflecting materials, and when the light in the light adjusting layer 210 exits toward the non-display area under the action of the first reflecting film 213 and the second reflecting film 214, the light can be reflected under the action of the first light reflecting member 270 and the second light reflecting member 280 so as to make the light exit toward the display area, thereby improving the light utilization rate to a certain extent; in this embodiment, the first reflecting member 270 and the second reflecting member 280 have a right trapezoid structure, and the oblique sides of the first reflecting member 270 and the second reflecting member 280 are disposed correspondingly to reflect light toward the display layer 110.
As a fifth embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 11, there is disclosed a driving method applied to the display module 100 according to the above embodiment, the driving method including the steps of:
in the peep-proof mode, the first electrode layer 220 and the second electrode layer 240 are not energized, and the liquid crystal molecules 231 and the high reflective molecules 232 are in an initial state;
in the wide viewing angle mode, the first electrode layer 220 and the second electrode layer 240 are energized, the liquid crystal molecules 231 of the liquid crystal composite layer 230 are deflected, and the highly reflective molecules 232 are in an initial state;
when the display module 100 is in the peep-proof mode, the first electrode layer 220 and the second electrode layer 240 are not energized, the liquid crystal molecules 231 and the high-reflection molecules 232 of the liquid crystal composite layer 230 are in an initial state, the light corresponding to the light-transmitting region 211 is directly injected into the display layer 110, and the light corresponding to the light-shielding region 212 is blocked by the light-shielding region 212; when the display module 100 is in the wide viewing angle mode, the first electrode layer 220 and the second electrode layer 240 are energized, the liquid crystal molecules 231 of the liquid crystal composite layer 230 deflect, and after the light is incident on the liquid crystal composite layer 230, the light is scattered under the action of the liquid crystal molecules 231 and the high reflection molecules 232, passes through the light-transmitting region 211 to be incident on the display layer 110 above the light-transmitting region 211 or the display layer 110 above the light-shielding region 212;
the display module 100 driven by the driving method of the embodiment controls whether the first electrode layer 220 and the second electrode layer 240 in the display module 100 are electrified or not to control the deflection condition of the liquid crystal molecules 231 in the liquid crystal composite layer 230, so as to control the emergent angle of the light rays after the light rays are injected into the liquid crystal composite layer 230, so that the display module 100 is switched between the peep-proof mode and the wide view angle mode, and a user can switch between the peep-proof mode and the wide view angle mode according to the self-watching requirement, thereby meeting the use requirement of the user and improving the use experience of the user.
As shown in fig. 12, as a sixth embodiment of the present application, a display apparatus 400 is disclosed, the display apparatus 400 including a driving circuit 300 and the display module 100 as described in the above embodiment, the driving circuit 300 driving the display module 100; in the display device 400 of this embodiment, whether the first electrode layer 220 and the second electrode layer 240 in the display module 100 are electrified or not is controlled to control the deflection condition of the liquid crystal molecules 231 in the liquid crystal composite layer 230, so as to control the emergent angle of the light after entering the liquid crystal composite layer 230, so as to realize the switching of the display module 100 in the peep-proof mode and the wide viewing angle mode, so that a user can switch between the peep-proof mode and the wide viewing angle mode according to the self-viewing requirement, thereby meeting the use requirement of the user and improving the use experience of the user.
It should be noted that, the limitation of each step in the present solution is not to be considered as limiting the sequence of steps on the premise of not affecting the implementation of the specific solution, and the steps written in the previous step may be executed before, or executed after, or even executed simultaneously, so long as the implementation of the present solution is possible, all the steps should be considered as falling within the protection scope of the present application.
The technical scheme of the application can be widely applied to various display panels, such as TN (Twisted Nematic) display panels, IPS (In-Plane Switching) display panels, VA (Vertical Alignment) display panels, MVA (Multi-Domain Vertical Alignment) display panels, and of course, other types of display panels, such as OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode) display panels, can be also applied to the scheme.
It should be noted that, the inventive concept of the present application can form a very large number of embodiments, but the application documents are limited in space and cannot be listed one by one, so that on the premise of no conflict, the above-described embodiments or technical features can be arbitrarily combined to form new embodiments, and after the embodiments or technical features are combined, the original technical effects will be enhanced.
The above description of the application in connection with specific alternative embodiments is further detailed and it is not intended that the application be limited to the specific embodiments disclosed. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several simple deductions or substitutions may be made without departing from the spirit of the application, and these should be considered to be within the scope of the application.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a display module assembly, includes display layer, goes up polaroid and lower polaroid, go up the polaroid setting is in play plain noodles one side of display layer, lower polaroid sets up go into plain noodles one side of display layer, go up the absorption axis of polaroid with the absorption axis of lower polaroid is perpendicular, its characterized in that still includes light adjusting part, light adjusting part sets up lower polaroid is kept away from one side of display layer, light adjusting part includes:
the light adjusting layer is arranged on one side of the lower polaroid, which is far away from the display layer, and comprises a light transmission area and a light shielding area which are arranged at intervals;
the first electrode layer is arranged on one side of the light adjusting layer, which is far away from the lower polaroid;
the liquid crystal composite layer is arranged on one side of the first electrode layer, which is far away from the light adjusting layer, and comprises liquid crystal molecules and high-reflection molecules which are sequentially arranged at intervals; and
the second electrode layer is arranged on one side of the liquid crystal composite layer, which is far away from the first electrode layer, and the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer are electrified to form an electric field;
when the display module is in the peep-proof mode, the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer are not electrified, liquid crystal molecules and high-reflection molecules of the liquid crystal composite layer are in an initial state, light rays corresponding to the light transmission area directly enter the display layer, and the light rays corresponding to the light shielding area are blocked by the light shielding area; when the display module is in a wide viewing angle mode, the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer are electrified, liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal composite layer deflect, light rays are scattered under the action of the liquid crystal molecules and high reflection molecules after entering the liquid crystal composite layer, and the light rays pass through the light transmission area to enter the display layer above the light transmission area or the display layer above the light shielding area.
2. The display module according to claim 1, wherein the light shielding region is provided with a first reflective film, and a second reflective film is provided on a side of the first electrode layer close to the light adjusting layer;
the first reflecting film is a total reflecting film, the second reflecting film is a semi-reflecting film, and the semi-reflecting film comprises reflecting areas and transmitting areas which are arranged at intervals.
3. The display module according to claim 2, wherein the light adjusting layer is provided with a plurality of microprisms, and the microprisms are respectively arranged corresponding to the light shielding areas;
wherein, the microprism is close to the first electrode layer one side on be equipped with first reflection coating.
4. A display module according to claim 3, wherein the microprisms are triangular, the microprisms comprising a first edge attached to the light modulating layer and second and third edges remote from the light modulating layer;
the included angle between the first edge and the second edge is alpha, the included angle between the first edge and the third edge is beta, and the alpha is equal to the beta.
5. A display module according to claim 3, wherein the microprisms are half-moon shaped, and the microprisms comprise straight edges attached to the light modulating layer and circular edges away from the light modulating layer;
and the intersecting line angle of the straight edge and the tangent line of the circular arc edge is less than or equal to 15 degrees.
6. The display module of claim 1, wherein the light adjusting layer is provided with a plurality of microprisms, the microprisms are respectively arranged corresponding to the shading areas, each microprism comprises a first sub-prism and a second sub-prism, the first sub-prism and the second sub-prism are symmetrically arranged, the first sub-prism and the second sub-prism are of right triangle structures, the hypotenuses of the first sub-prism and the second sub-prism are opposite, the right angle edges of one side of the hypotenuses of the first sub-prism are attached to the light adjusting layer, and the first reflecting film is arranged on the hypotenuses of the first sub-prism and the second sub-prism.
7. The display module assembly of claim 4, wherein α is 15 ° or less.
8. The display module of claim 1, wherein the highly reflective molecules are made of polydimethylsiloxane material.
9. A driving method applied to the display module set according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:
in the peep-proof mode, the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer are not electrified, and the liquid crystal molecules and the high-reflection molecules are in an initial state;
in a wide viewing angle mode, the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer are electrified, liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal composite layer deflect, and the high-reflection molecules are in an initial state;
when the display module is in the peep-proof mode, the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer are not electrified, liquid crystal molecules and high-reflection molecules of the liquid crystal composite layer are in an initial state, light rays corresponding to the light transmission area directly enter the display layer, and the light rays corresponding to the light shielding area are blocked by the light shielding area; when the display module is in a wide viewing angle mode, the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer are electrified, liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal composite layer deflect, light rays are scattered under the action of the liquid crystal molecules and high reflection molecules after entering the liquid crystal composite layer, and the light rays pass through the light transmission area to enter the display layer above the light transmission area or the display layer above the light shielding area.
10. A display device comprising a driving circuit and the display module according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the driving circuit drives the display module.
CN202310671589.7A 2023-06-08 2023-06-08 Display module, driving method and display device Active CN116400526B (en)

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