CN116394770A - Permanent magnet electric suspension system and magnetic suspension train system structure - Google Patents
Permanent magnet electric suspension system and magnetic suspension train system structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN116394770A CN116394770A CN202310409265.6A CN202310409265A CN116394770A CN 116394770 A CN116394770 A CN 116394770A CN 202310409265 A CN202310409265 A CN 202310409265A CN 116394770 A CN116394770 A CN 116394770A
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- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000005339 levitation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 110
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 8
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005674 electromagnetic induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L13/00—Electric propulsion for monorail vehicles, suspension vehicles or rack railways; Magnetic suspension or levitation for vehicles
- B60L13/04—Magnetic suspension or levitation for vehicles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L13/00—Electric propulsion for monorail vehicles, suspension vehicles or rack railways; Magnetic suspension or levitation for vehicles
- B60L13/04—Magnetic suspension or levitation for vehicles
- B60L13/06—Means to sense or control vehicle position or attitude with respect to railway
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
- B60L2200/26—Rail vehicles
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Control Of Vehicles With Linear Motors And Vehicles That Are Magnetically Levitated (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a permanent magnet electric suspension system, which comprises a vehicle body, a vehicle-mounted magnet, an additional electromagnet, a suspension guide device and a support device, wherein the vehicle body is provided with a plurality of permanent magnets; the supporting device forms a suspension space for accommodating a vehicle body, the vehicle body is arranged in the suspension space, and a gap is reserved between the vehicle body and two side walls of the supporting device; the suspension guide devices are symmetrically arranged on two side walls of the supporting device; the suspension guide device comprises an upper loop part and a lower loop part, and an additional electromagnet is arranged in the upper loop part; the vehicle-mounted magnets are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the vehicle body and are positioned between the vehicle body and the suspension guide device; in the vertical direction, the center position of the levitation guide is higher than the center position of the on-vehicle magnet. The invention increases the floating resistance ratio of the system by utilizing the permanent magnet electric suspension system, improves the suspension and guiding performance of the system and can effectively improve the running stability of the vehicle body. The invention also discloses a system structure of the magnetic levitation train.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of maglev trains, in particular to a permanent magnet electric levitation system and a maglev train system structure.
Background
The magnetic suspension train is used as a novel track traffic technology in the 'rear high-speed railway age', and the wheel rail friction contact force is replaced by electromagnetic force between the vehicle-mounted suspension unit and the track, so that the suspension guiding and driving of the train body 100 are realized. For a long time, superconducting magnets have been regarded as the best magnetic source of an electric levitation system due to their strong magnetic field performance, but superconducting magnets face a series of problems of high cost, complex structure, severe cooling environment, large radiation, and the like.
With the improvement of the performance of the permanent magnet, a permanent magnet electric suspension system which replaces a superconductor with the permanent magnet is presented. In the running process, the levitation and guiding performance of the car body 100 is weakened due to the factors of unreliability, the magnetic field intensity formed by the permanent magnets in the space is lower than that formed by the superconducting magnets, the levitation force applied to the car body 100 is increased along with the increase of the center deviation of the levitation guiding device 200 and the vehicle-mounted magnets 300 within a certain range, and the magnetic resistance is also increased, so that the levitation resistance is lower.
Therefore, how to increase the floating resistance ratio of the system and improve the suspension and guiding performance of the system is a technical problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a permanent magnet electric suspension system, so as to increase the floating resistance ratio of the system and improve the suspension and guiding performance of the system;
the invention further aims to provide a magnetic levitation train system structure with the permanent magnet electric levitation system.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
a permanent magnet electric suspension system comprises a vehicle body, a vehicle-mounted magnet, an additional electromagnet, a suspension guide device and a support device;
the supporting device forms a suspension space for accommodating a vehicle body, the vehicle body is arranged in the suspension space, and a gap is reserved between the vehicle body and two side walls of the supporting device;
the suspension guide devices are symmetrically arranged on two side walls of the supporting device; the suspension guide device comprises an upper loop part and a lower loop part, and an additional electromagnet is arranged in the upper loop part;
the vehicle-mounted magnets are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the vehicle body and are positioned between the vehicle body and the suspension guide device; in the vertical direction, the center position of the levitation guide is higher than the center position of the on-vehicle magnet.
Optionally, in the above-mentioned permanent magnet electric levitation system, the system further includes a PLC control system, where the PLC control system is connected to the additional electromagnet to control the current intensity of the additional electromagnet.
Optionally, in the above-mentioned permanent magnet electric levitation system, the device further includes a position monitoring device, where the position monitoring device is used to monitor the position of the vehicle body in the levitation space;
if the vehicle body deviates from the preset position, the position monitoring device sends out an adjusting signal.
Optionally, in the above-mentioned permanent magnet electric levitation system, when the vehicle body deviates from the preset position to make the gap between the vehicle body and the two side walls of the supporting device inconsistent, the adjustment signal is an enhancement signal;
when the vehicle body deviates from the preset position and the vertical distance between the vehicle body and the supporting device is reduced, the adjusting signal is an enhancement signal;
when the vehicle body deviates from the preset position and the vertical distance between the vehicle body and the supporting device is increased, the adjusting signal is a weakening signal.
Optionally, in the above-mentioned permanent magnet electric levitation system, the position monitoring device is connected to the PLC control system, so that after the position monitoring device sends an adjustment signal, the PLC control system controls and adjusts the current intensity of the additional electromagnet.
Optionally, in the above-mentioned permanent magnet electric levitation system, the levitation guide is a zero-flux coil, and a current direction of an upper loop portion and a current direction of a lower loop portion of the zero-flux coil are opposite; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the vehicle-mounted magnet comprises a plurality of permanent magnets which are arranged in a Halbach array.
Optionally, in the above-mentioned permanent magnet electric levitation system, the zero-flux coil is arranged in an "8" shape.
Optionally, in the above-mentioned permanent magnet electric suspension system, an auxiliary supporting wheel is disposed between the vehicle body and the supporting device, the supporting device is provided with sliding grooves parallel to each other, and when the speed of the vehicle body is less than a preset speed, the auxiliary supporting wheel slides along the sliding grooves.
Optionally, in the above-mentioned permanent magnet electric suspension system, the supporting device is a U-shaped track; and/or grooves are formed in the two side walls of the supporting device, and the suspension guide device is arranged in the grooves.
According to the permanent magnet electric suspension system provided by the invention, the additional electromagnet is arranged in the upper loop part of the suspension guide device to increase the induced electromotive force in the upper loop, so that the vehicle body is subjected to larger suspension force and smaller magnetic resistance, the suspension performance and the guide performance of the vehicle body are further improved, and the running stability of the vehicle body can be effectively improved.
When the vehicle-mounted magnet on the vehicle body runs along the supporting device at a preset speed, relative displacement of the vehicle-mounted magnet and the levitation guide device in the advancing direction occurs under a certain working air gap, and the levitation guide device is cut by a source magnetic field generated by the vehicle-mounted magnet, so that induced electromotive forces are generated in an upper loop part and a lower loop part of the levitation guide device. Because the vehicle-mounted magnet is not centered with the levitation guide in the vertical direction, potential differences appear at the upper loop part and the lower loop part of the levitation guide, and then induced current and an induced magnetic field are generated, and the induced magnetic field and a source magnetic field of the vehicle-mounted magnet generate mutual electromagnetic action to generate electromagnetic force. The component force of the electromagnetic force in the vertical direction is represented as a levitation force overcoming the dead weight of the vehicle body so as to realize a levitation function; the component force in the advancing direction is expressed as a detent force, which will hinder the advancing of the vehicle body; while the component forces in the transverse direction act as guiding forces, keeping the vehicle body running along the support means.
In the running process of the vehicle body, along the advancing direction, the vehicle-mounted magnet is subjected to the suction force of an additional electromagnet in the upper loop part of the front suspension guide device, the additional electromagnet at the rear gives thrust to the vehicle-mounted magnet, and the vehicle body macroscopically shows the action force of pulling forward and pushing backward, so that part of magnetic resistance of the vehicle body in the running process can be offset, the floating resistance ratio of the vehicle body is increased, and the running performance of the vehicle body is improved.
In operation, when a large lateral deviation occurs and the inherent guiding force of the system is insufficient to return the vehicle body to the preset position, the additional electromagnet acts at the moment, and the system is subjected to additional electromagnetic force under the condition of external current, so that the guiding force applied to the vehicle body is compensated.
Further, the vertical component of electromagnetic force applied by the additional electromagnet to the vehicle-mounted magnet can compensate the levitation force of the vehicle body, so that the levitation and guiding performances of the vehicle body in the running process are improved.
In addition, because the center deviation of the vehicle-mounted magnet and the levitation guiding device is large, the attractive force component of the levitation guiding device and the vehicle-mounted magnet is mainly levitation force, and the attractive force is small, so that the whole system has a self-stabilizing guiding function. And the structure of the system can be simplified by utilizing the magnetic fields on two sides of the vehicle-mounted magnet, and the vehicle-mounted magnet does not need to be cooled after being replaced, so that a cooling and auxiliary system is omitted, and the cost of the system is effectively reduced.
The magnetic levitation train system structure comprises the permanent magnet electric levitation system as described in any one of the above, and further comprises a starting motor connected with the car body to drive the car body.
The magnetic levitation train system structure provided by the invention has all the technical effects of the permanent magnet electric levitation system because of the permanent magnet electric levitation system, and is not repeated herein.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is an overall block diagram of a permanent magnet electric levitation system disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of the positional relationship between a levitation guide and a vehicle-mounted magnet according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the positional relationship between a levitation guide and a vehicle-mounted magnet according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a force analysis diagram of a vehicle magnet according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a force analysis diagram of a vehicle magnet according to an embodiment of the present invention;
wherein:
100 is a vehicle body;
200 is a levitation guide;
300 is a vehicle mounted magnet;
400 is an additional electromagnet;
500 is an auxiliary supporting wheel;
600 is a support device.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to fig. 1 to 5 in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without novel efforts, are intended to fall within the scope of this invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "top surface", "bottom surface", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the indicated positions or elements must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limitations of the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
As shown in fig. 1, the permanent magnet electric levitation system disclosed by the invention comprises a vehicle body 100, a vehicle-mounted magnet 300, an additional electromagnet 400, a levitation guide 200 and a support device 600; the supporting device 600 forms a levitation space for accommodating the vehicle body 100, and the vehicle body 100 is disposed in the levitation space with a gap between both sidewalls of the supporting device 600; the levitation guide 200 is symmetrically disposed on both sidewalls of the support 600; the levitation guide 200 includes an upper loop portion and a lower loop portion, and the additional electromagnet 400 is disposed in the upper loop portion; the vehicle-mounted magnets 300 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the vehicle body 100 and are positioned between the vehicle body 100 and the levitation guide 200; in the vertical direction, the center position of the levitation guide 200 is higher than the center position of the in-vehicle magnet 300.
According to the permanent magnet electric suspension system provided by the invention, the additional electromagnet 400 is arranged in the upper loop part of the suspension guide device 200 to increase the induced electromotive force in the upper loop, so that the vehicle body 100 is subjected to larger suspension force and smaller magnetic resistance, the suspension performance and the guide performance of the vehicle body 100 are further improved, and the running stability of the vehicle body 100 can be effectively improved.
When the on-vehicle magnet 300 on the vehicle body 100 runs along the supporting device 600 at a preset speed, there is a relative displacement of the on-vehicle magnet 300 and the levitation guide 200 in the advancing direction at a certain working air gap, and the levitation guide 200 is cut by the source magnetic field generated by the on-vehicle magnet 300, so that the upper loop portion and the lower loop portion of the levitation guide 200 generate induced electromotive forces. Since the in-vehicle magnet 300 is not aligned with the levitation guide 200 in the vertical direction, a potential difference occurs between the upper loop portion and the lower loop portion of the levitation guide 200, thereby generating an induced current and an induced magnetic field, which electromagnetically interact with the source magnetic field of the in-vehicle magnet 300 to generate electromagnetic force. The component force of the electromagnetic force in the vertical direction is represented as a levitation force overcoming the self weight of the vehicle body 100 so as to realize a levitation function; the component force in the forward direction acts as a detent force, which will hinder the forward movement of the vehicle body 100; while the component force in the lateral direction acts as a guiding force, keeping the vehicle body 100 running along the supporting device 600.
During operation of the vehicle body 100, in the forward direction, the on-board magnet 300 is subjected to the suction force of the additional electromagnet 400 in the upper loop portion of the levitation guide 200 located in front, in fig. 5 by F Iron 1 Represented, while the additional electromagnet 400 located at the rear imparts a thrust to the on-board magnet 300, in fig. 5 denoted F Iron 2 The vehicle body 100 is shown to macroscopically exhibit a force applied by pulling forward and pushing backwardPart of the detent force of the vehicle body 100 during the traveling process can be offset, thereby increasing the float resistance ratio of the vehicle body 100 and improving the running performance thereof.
In operation, when a lateral large deviation occurs and the inherent guiding force of the system is insufficient to return the vehicle body 100 to the preset position, the additional electromagnet 400 acts to add an electromagnetic force to the system when an external current is applied to compensate the guiding force to which the vehicle body 100 is subjected.
Further, the vertical component of the electromagnetic force applied by the additional electromagnet 400 to the vehicle-mounted magnet 300 can also compensate for the levitation force of the vehicle body 100, thereby improving levitation and guiding performance of the vehicle body 100 during operation.
In addition, since the center deviation between the in-vehicle magnet 300 and the levitation guide 200 is large, the attractive force component between the levitation guide 200 and the in-vehicle magnet 300 is mainly levitation force, and the attractive force is small, so that the whole system has a self-stabilizing guiding function. And by utilizing the magnetic fields of the two sides of the vehicle-mounted magnet 300, the structure of the system can be simplified, the vehicle-mounted magnet 300 does not need to be cooled after being replaced, a cooling and auxiliary system is omitted, and the system cost is effectively reduced.
As shown in fig. 2, the center deviation of the levitation guide 200 from the on-vehicle magnet 300 is H, and the center position of the levitation guide 200 is higher than the center position of the on-vehicle magnet 300, so that the magnetic flux of the upper loop portion of the levitation guide 200 is inconsistent with the magnetic flux of the lower loop portion, the upper loop portion generates an attractive force on the on-vehicle magnet 300, and the lower loop portion generates a repulsive force on the on-vehicle magnet 300, so that the levitation of the vehicle body 100 can be realized against the gravity.
The float resistance ratio is the ratio of the levitation force to the detent force. For a certain suspension system, the floating resistance ratio is better.
The additional electromagnet 400 is a conductive winding which is wound on the outside of the iron core and is matched with the power of the iron core, the coil which is supplied with current has magnetism like a magnet, and the strength of the generated magnetic field can be controlled by changing the current strength.
In order to optimize the above technical solution, a PLC control system is provided to be connected to the additional electromagnet 400 to control the current intensity of the additional electromagnet 400. When the suspension and guiding performance of the vehicle body 100 is weakened due to the unreliability factor during the running process, the current intensity of the additional electromagnet 400 can be controlled by the PLC control system, so that the electromagnetic force applied to the vehicle body 100 can be regulated.
The control mode of the PLC control system can be decoupled into two parts, firstly, when the suspension performance of the vehicle body 100 is reduced due to external unreliability factors, the control system energizes the additional electromagnet 400 to compensate the suspension force of the electric suspension system at the moment so as to maintain the stable suspension of the vehicle system; secondly, when the guiding performance of the vehicle body 100 is reduced due to external unreliability factors, the control system energizes the additional electromagnet 400 to compensate the guiding force of the electric suspension system at the moment, so that the vehicle body 100 keeps centered in the running process.
Further, a position monitoring device for monitoring the position of the vehicle body 100 in the levitation space is provided, and when the vehicle body 100 deviates from the preset position, the position monitoring device can send out an adjustment signal, so that an operator can specifically adjust the current intensity of the additional electromagnet 400 according to the adjustment signal. Through the position monitoring device, real-time monitoring of the vehicle body 100 can be realized, and the regulation and control of the vehicle body 100 deviating from the preset position in the running process are ensured.
Alternatively, the position monitoring device is connected to a PLC control system, and when the vehicle body 100 deviates from the preset position, the PLC control system can control and adjust the current intensity of the additional electromagnet 400 after the position monitoring device sends out the adjustment signal.
Specifically, when the deviation of the vehicle body 100 from the preset position is inconsistent with the gap between the vehicle body 100 and the two side walls of the supporting device 600, that is, the guiding performance of the vehicle body 100 is reduced, the adjustment signal is an enhancement signal, and the current intensity of the additional electromagnet 400 should be enhanced.
If the vehicle body 100 deviates from the preset position such that the vertical distance between the vehicle body 100 and the supporting device 600 is reduced, that is, the levitation performance of the vehicle body 100 is reduced, the adjustment signal is an enhancement signal, and the current intensity of the additional electromagnet 400 should be enhanced.
Alternatively, when the vehicle body 100 deviates from the preset position such that the vertical distance between the vehicle body 100 and the supporting device 600 increases, that is, the current intensity of the additional electromagnet 400 is excessively increased, the adjustment signal at this time is a decrease signal, the operator manually decreases the current intensity of the additional electromagnet 400, or the PLC control system controls to decrease the current intensity of the additional electromagnet 400.
In one embodiment of the present invention, levitation guide 200 is a zero-flux coil having an upper loop portion having a current direction opposite to a current direction of a lower loop portion. When the vehicle body 100 is vertically offset downward from the zero-flux coil as shown in fig. 4, the on-vehicle magnet 300 receives a thrust force from the coil of the lower loop portion, which tends to be upward toward the on-vehicle magnet 300, based on the zero-flux principle, and is shown by F in fig. 4 Lower part(s) The coil of the upper loop portion is shown as applying an upward-directed pulling force to the in-vehicle magnet 300, shown as F in FIG. 4 Upper part And (3) representing. And based on the law of electromagnetic induction, the additional electromagnet 400 will additionally generate an upward pulling force on the vehicle-mounted magnet 300, which is shown as F in FIG. 4 Iron (Fe) And (3) representing, thereby improving the levitation force of the whole system. Finally, the whole car body 100 can bear the action force of pulling up and pushing down macroscopically, so that the gravity of the car body 100 is overcome to realize suspension, and the suspension function of the car body 100 is realized. When the vehicle body 100 and the zero-flux coil are laterally offset, the vehicle-mounted permanent magnet receives electromagnetic force generated from the zero-flux coil to the vehicle-mounted magnet 300, and realizes a guiding function.
Furthermore, the zero magnetic flux coil is arranged in an 8 shape, namely the upper loop part and the lower loop part are connected in a staggered way, and the zero magnetic flux coil is shaped like an 8-shaped copper coil and is used for generating levitation force and guiding force.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the vehicle-mounted magnet 300 includes a plurality of permanent magnets, where the permanent magnets are arranged in a Halbach array, that is, the permanent magnets are arranged according to a magnetization direction periodically changing at a certain angle to form an array permanent magnet, so that a magnetic field strength on one side of the magnet can be achieved, a magnetic field on the other side of the magnet is weak, and a magnetic field utilization rate of the magnet can be enhanced. The Halbach array permanent magnets are arranged along the track advancing direction, the magnetic field intensity of the permanent magnets is approximately sinusoidal in the track advancing direction, and the permanent magnets are almost uniformly distributed in the transverse direction.
In order to optimize the above technical solution, an auxiliary supporting wheel 500 is provided between the vehicle body 100 and the supporting device 600, and sliding grooves parallel to each other are provided on the supporting device 600. When the speed of the vehicle body 100 is less than the preset speed, the auxiliary supporting wheel 500 slides along the sliding groove.
In the process of accelerating the vehicle body 100 to the preset speed, since the speed of the vehicle body 100 is less than the preset speed, the levitation force of the levitation guide 200 to the vehicle body 100 is insufficient to overcome the gravity of the vehicle body 100 to levitate the vehicle body 100, so that the auxiliary supporting wheels 500 are required to be added to support the vehicle body 100.
The vehicle body 100 is provided with a placement groove, and when the running speed of the vehicle body 100 is sufficiently high, the auxiliary wheel is retracted into the placement groove of the vehicle body 100, and at this time, the vehicle body 100 is completely suspended by the electromagnetic force between the vehicle-mounted magnet 300 and the suspension guide 200.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the supporting device 600 is a U-shaped rail as shown in fig. 1, and both side walls and a bottom surface of the U-shaped rail form a levitation space for accommodating the vehicle body 100, and the vehicle body 100 travels along a center line of the U-shaped rail when the vehicle body 100 is not laterally offset.
To fix the position of the levitation guide 200, grooves are formed in both sidewalls of the supporting device 600, and the levitation guide 200 is disposed in the grooves. When the vehicle body 100 is laterally offset, the magnetic flux of the levitation guide 200 in the grooves of both sidewalls of the supporting device 600 is changed. When the vehicle body 100 is offset to the left, the left suspension guide device 200 generates a repulsive action on the magnet, so that the vehicle body 100 returns to a preset position to realize guiding.
The invention also discloses a magnetic levitation train system structure, which comprises the permanent magnet electric levitation system as described in any one of the above, and further comprises a starting motor, wherein the starting motor is connected with the train body 100 to drive the train body 100 to accelerate to a preset speed. When the vehicle body 100 accelerates to a preset speed, the on-vehicle magnet 300 and the levitation guide 200 generate electromagnetic interaction, thereby generating levitation force and guiding force required for the vehicle body 100, and realizing levitation and guiding performance of the vehicle body 100.
Because the permanent magnet electric levitation system has the above effects, the magnetic levitation train system structure comprising the permanent magnet electric levitation system has corresponding effects, and the description is omitted here.
The principles of the present invention are described in detail below in connection with specific application scenarios:
first, the vehicle body 100 starts accelerating under the action of the start motor, and the auxiliary supporting wheel 500 slides along the sliding groove on the supporting device 600 during the acceleration of the vehicle body 100 to the preset speed. After the car body 100 reaches a preset speed, the auxiliary wheels are retracted into the placing grooves of the car body 100, and the car body 100 completely provides levitation force and guiding force by electromagnetic force between the Halbach array permanent magnets and the zero magnetic flux '8' -shaped coils.
The Halbach array permanent magnets arranged on two sides of the vehicle body 100 are used as excitation sources, the zero-magnetic-flux 8-shaped coils are positioned in grooves on two side walls of the U-shaped track, and the Halbach array permanent magnets and the 8-shaped zero-magnetic-flux coils generate electromagnetic interaction so as to generate levitation force and guiding force required by the vehicle body 100 and realize levitation and guiding performance of the vehicle body 100.
If the levitation performance of the car body 100 is weakened due to an unreliability factor, that is, the car body 100 is vertically offset downward with respect to the zero magnetic flux "8" shaped coil, the Halbach array permanent magnets will receive an upward trend thrust from the coil of the lower loop portion to the permanent magnets, and an upward trend tension force generated from the coil of the upper loop portion to the permanent magnets. And, because the additional electromagnet 400 is arranged in the coil of the upper loop part, the additional electromagnet 400 has a pulling force with an upward trend on the permanent magnet, and then the levitation force of the whole system is lifted, so that the vehicle body 100 moves upward to a preset position.
The current intensity PLC control system of the additional electromagnet 400 regulates. If the current intensity of the added additional electromagnet 400 is controlled by the PLC control system to be too large, so that the levitation force is larger than the gravity of the vehicle body 100, the vehicle body 100 is upwards deviated relative to the preset position, and at the moment, the current intensity of the additional electromagnet 400 is controlled by the PLC control system to be reduced until the vehicle body 100 returns to the preset position.
If the guiding performance of the vehicle body 100 is weakened due to the factor of unreliability, that is, the vehicle body 100 is laterally offset downwards relative to the zero magnetic flux '8' -shaped coil, and the inherent guiding force of the system is insufficient to enable the vehicle body 100 to return to the preset position, the current intensity of the additional electromagnet 400 is controlled by the PLC control system, so that the additional electromagnetic force of the system is enabled to enable the vehicle body 100 to return to the preset position.
It should be noted that the permanent magnet electric suspension system and the magnetic levitation train system structure provided by the invention can be used in the technical field of magnetic levitation trains or other fields. Other fields are any field other than the technical field of the maglev train. The foregoing is merely an example, and is not intended to limit the application fields of the permanent magnet electric levitation system and the magnetic levitation train system structure provided by the present invention.
In the present specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly described in a different point from other embodiments, and identical and similar parts between the embodiments are all enough to refer to each other.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
In the description of the present specification, the descriptions of the terms "one embodiment," "example," "specific example," and the like, mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended only to assist in the explanation of the invention. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and the full scope and equivalents thereof.
Claims (10)
1. A permanent magnet electric levitation system, which is characterized by comprising a vehicle body (100), a vehicle-mounted magnet (300), an additional electromagnet (400), a levitation guiding device (200) and a supporting device (600);
the supporting device (600) forms a suspension space for accommodating the vehicle body (100), and the vehicle body (100) is arranged in the suspension space and has a gap with two side walls of the supporting device (600);
the suspension guide devices (200) are symmetrically arranged on two side walls of the supporting device (600); the levitation guide (200) comprises an upper loop portion and a lower loop portion, the additional electromagnet (400) being disposed within the upper loop portion;
the vehicle-mounted magnets (300) are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the vehicle body (100) and are positioned between the vehicle body (100) and the suspension guide device (200); in the vertical direction, the center position of the levitation guide (200) is higher than the center position of the in-vehicle magnet (300).
2. The permanent magnet electric levitation system of claim 1, further comprising a PLC control system coupled to the additional electromagnet (400) to control the amperage of the additional electromagnet (400).
3. The permanent magnet electric levitation system of claim 2, further comprising a position monitoring device for monitoring the position of the vehicle body (100) in the levitation space;
and if the vehicle body (100) deviates from the preset position, the position monitoring device sends out an adjustment signal.
4. A permanent magnet electric levitation system according to claim 3, wherein the adjustment signal is an enhancement signal when the vehicle body (100) deviates from the preset position by an inconsistent gap between the vehicle body (100) and both sidewalls of the supporting means (600);
when the vehicle body (100) deviates from the preset position and the vertical distance between the vehicle body (100) and the supporting device (600) is reduced, the adjusting signal is an enhancing signal;
when the vehicle body (100) deviates from the preset position and the vertical distance between the vehicle body (100) and the supporting device (600) is increased, the adjusting signal is a weakening signal.
5. A permanent magnet electric levitation system according to claim 3, characterized in that the position monitoring device is connected to the PLC control system for controlling the adjustment of the current intensity of the additional electromagnet (400) after the position monitoring device has sent an adjustment signal.
6. The permanent magnet electric levitation system of any of claims 1-5, wherein the levitation guide (200) is a zero-flux coil having an upper loop portion having a current direction opposite to a current direction of the lower loop portion; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the vehicle-mounted magnet (300) comprises a plurality of permanent magnets which are arranged in a Halbach array.
7. The permanent magnet powered levitation system of claim 6 wherein the zero-flux coil is configured in an "8" shape.
8. The permanent magnet electric levitation system according to claim 1, wherein an auxiliary supporting wheel (500) is provided between the car body (100) and the supporting device (600), the supporting device (600) is provided with sliding grooves parallel to each other, and the auxiliary supporting wheel (500) slides along the sliding grooves when the speed of the car body (100) is less than a preset speed.
9. The permanent magnet electric levitation system of claim 8 wherein the support means (600) is a U-shaped track; and/or the number of the groups of groups,
grooves are formed in two side walls of the supporting device (600), and the suspension guide device (200) is arranged in the grooves.
10. A maglev train-system comprising a permanent magnet electric levitation system of any of claims 1-9, further comprising a starter motor coupled to the vehicle body (100) to drive the vehicle body (100).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202310409265.6A CN116394770A (en) | 2023-04-17 | 2023-04-17 | Permanent magnet electric suspension system and magnetic suspension train system structure |
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| CN202310409265.6A CN116394770A (en) | 2023-04-17 | 2023-04-17 | Permanent magnet electric suspension system and magnetic suspension train system structure |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116572752A (en) * | 2023-07-10 | 2023-08-11 | 西南交通大学 | Permanent magnet electric suspension centering guide system |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116572752A (en) * | 2023-07-10 | 2023-08-11 | 西南交通大学 | Permanent magnet electric suspension centering guide system |
| CN116572752B (en) * | 2023-07-10 | 2023-09-08 | 西南交通大学 | Permanent magnet electric suspension centering guide system |
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