CN116393869A - Welding wire with aluminum-silicon coating for hot forming steel splice welding plate and application thereof - Google Patents
Welding wire with aluminum-silicon coating for hot forming steel splice welding plate and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/3053—Fe as the principal constituent
- B23K35/3066—Fe as the principal constituent with Ni as next major constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/60—Preliminary treatment
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of welding of hot-formed steel plates, and particularly relates to a welding wire for a hot-formed steel splice welding plate with an aluminum-silicon coating and application thereof. The invention is based on the carbon-nickel binary alloying thought, and the chemical components of the welding wire comprise Fe, C, ni and unavoidable impurities. The mass percentage of the material is as follows: c:0.15-0.45%; ni:5-25%; the total amount of doping elements is not more than 1wt%. The welding wire does not need to remove the plating layer at the edge of the plate to be welded or carry out beveling treatment in advance, the laser welding method is simple, and the welding joint with excellent performance can be obtained by adopting conventional laser, thereby bringing remarkable cost advantages. The invention aims to obtain a welded joint with better strength than a base metal in a low-cost and high-efficiency mode, and has important significance for the development of an aluminum-silicon coating hot forming steel laser welding technology.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of welding of hot-formed steel plates, and particularly relates to a welding wire for a hot-formed steel splice welding plate with an aluminum-silicon coating and application thereof.
Background
In recent years, as one of industries with larger energy consumption and emission, automobile manufacturers need to develop products with more energy conservation and emission reduction. The light weight is one of the most effective ways to realize energy conservation and emission reduction, and the high-strength steel/ultra-high-strength steel is adopted for manufacturing the vehicle body, so that the collision safety can be improved while the light weight of the structure is realized. However, the ultra-high strength steel having a tensile strength exceeding 1000MPa has a problem of high spring back and poor forming accuracy during cold stamping. The hot stamping forming process has the advantages of high precision, good forming performance and the like, and the high-strength level parts are obtained by heating the steel plate between 800 ℃ and 950 ℃ and then carrying out die quenching, so that the hot-formed parts are widely applied to automobile bodies at present. In order to avoid surface decarburization and oxidation of the steel sheet during hot stamping, an aluminum-based or silicon-based coating is often coated on the surface of the steel sheet, but during welding, the coating melts into the weld joint, resulting in deterioration of the mechanical properties of the welded joint.
In order to solve the problem of welding aluminum-silicon plated hot formed steel, various methods have been tried by industry and scholars. The method of removing the aluminum-silicon coating before welding is one of the main technologies (CN 200780013854.1) applied in the current industrial production, but obviously, the method increases the manufacturing procedures and equipment and also reduces the manufacturing efficiency of the aluminum-silicon coating splice welding plate. The same disadvantages exist with the techniques of removing the coating by plasma ablation (cn201810223902. X) and high energy electron beam (CN 201810581119.0). Secondly, the method for improving the mechanical properties of the welding seam by optimizing the welding process also attracts attention of a plurality of expert scholars, and the (CN 201910949005.1) patent proposes to adopt pulse laser welding to promote the uniform distribution of plating layer elements in a molten pool, and the CN201180034151.3, CN201611036496.3, CN201810507547.9 and other patents regulate and control the distribution of the welding seam elements by swinging lasers, double-beam lasers and other methods. The method has higher requirements on the laser, and the process can influence the welding speed, so that the high-speed welding of more than 6m/min can not be realized, and the improvement of the production efficiency is not facilitated.
The adoption of the welding seam alloying technology to solve the problem of welding the aluminum-silicon coating steel is a very promising welding technology, but the core is the design of the component system of the welding wire. The CN201611247493.4 patent shows that laser welding can be performed by presetting nickel foil/chromium foil or adding nickel wire and chromium wire by using a wire feeder, so that the strength of the welded joint can reach the base material level. However, this technique is costly and difficult to assemble, since pure nickel or pure chromium is required to be used in welding, and it is very difficult to preset the metal foil in industrial production. The CN201810032131.6 patent shows a method of laser filler wire welding of aluminum silicon plated steel sheet, but the composition system and content of the welding wire are not clear. CN201911306466.3 discloses a method for achieving high quality connection by means of the cooperation of a binder and a flux, wherein the binder comprises the following components in percentage by mass (wt/%): silicon dioxide (SiO) 2 ) 15-20%, manganese oxide (MnO) 20-30%, iron oxide (FeO) 10-15%, calcium fluoride (CaF) 2 ) 5-10%, cryolite (Na) 3 AlF 6 ) The balance. However, the method essentially needs to add a procedure before welding, and fails to workRealizing the direct welding of the aluminum-silicon coating steel strip coating. CN201380001259.1CN201510165732.0, CN201811424758, CN201810032131.6, CN201680054858.3, CN202010191741.8, CN202210625063.0 series patents mention improvements in weld quality by adding austenitic elements to inhibit ferrite formation in the weld. The austenite elements used therein are mainly C, mn, ni, N. However, some of the current filler wire welding methods need to be preheated by a heating device before welding, some need to strictly control the diameter of the welding wire and the gap between plates according to a formula, and some need to add rare microelements such as Nb, mo and the like to refine grains. From analysis, the method has the problems of complex working procedures, high assembly precision, low production efficiency and the like.
In summary, a composition system for achieving a low-cost and high-efficiency welding wire has yet to be developed. And meanwhile, the filler wire welding process is adopted, and the pretreatment such as chamfering or preheating is not needed before welding, so that the welding cost is increased, and the production efficiency is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a welding wire component system, after the welding wire is used, a welding seam with a full martensitic structure can be obtained by a laser wire filling method without carrying out any preheating treatment or beveling on a plate to be welded.
The invention also aims to provide a production method of the aluminum-silicon coating hot-forming steel splice welding plate, which comprises the steps of carrying out splice welding on an aluminum-silicon coating steel plate by adopting the filler wire filling welding method, and carrying out hot forming on the plate subjected to splice welding to obtain a splice welding plate member. The splice welding plate joint has excellent mechanical properties, simple welding process and easy implementation, and has the characteristics of stronger adaptability to industrial production and low cost.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a welding wire for a hot-forming steel splice welding plate with an aluminum-silicon coating, which comprises C, ni, fe and unavoidable impurities according to mass fraction;
wherein the mass fraction X of the carbon and nickel is 0.40-1.37%, X= [ C ] + [ Ni ]/(27-31), [ C ] = 0.05-0.45%, [ Ni ] = 5-25%, [ C ] and [ Ni ] are mass fractions of C and Ni in the welding wire for the hot forming steel welding plate with the aluminum silicon coating.
Preferably, the content of unavoidable impurities in the welding wire for the aluminum-silicon plating hot-forming steel splice welding plate is not more than 1wt%.
Preferably, the unavoidable impurities include Si and Al, the Si content is not more than 0.3wt%, and the Al content is not more than 0.3wt%.
After Al in the coating is melted into a molten pool in the welding process, delta-ferrite generated in the solidification process cannot be dissolved in the subsequent hot stamping process at 900-950 ℃, so that the welding seam cannot obtain a full martensitic structure, and the mechanical property is reduced. The filler wire contains C and Ni as austenite stabilizing elements, suppresses ferrite precipitation in the weld zone, enlarges the austenite phase region, causes the weld zone to be heated and held at 900-950 ℃ to ensure that a complete austenite structure is obtained, and is quenched after hot stamping, with the weld zone having a complete martensite structure. In addition, the C element can increase the hardness of a weld joint structure, the Ni element can improve the tensile strength of the weld joint through the solid solution strengthening effect, and meanwhile, the hardenability of the weld joint is improved, and the plasticity and toughness of the weld joint are improved. Within the composition range according to the invention, the weld region still has good plasticity.
C+Ni/(27-31) is an important constituent of the carbon equivalent of the welding wire alloy composition, and the carbon equivalent value represents the ability of the composition system described in this patent to increase austenite stability and inhibit ferrite formation. Since the specific value of the carbon equivalent in the weld structure is related to the Al content in the weld and the wire dilution ratio, the carbon equivalent of the weld structure fluctuates with the process parameters. When C+Ni/(27-31) < 0.40%, ferrite cannot be completely suppressed during high-speed welding; when C+Ni/(27-31) > 1.37%, the stability of the weld austenite is too high, high-carbon martensite or residual austenite is easy to obtain, and the mechanical property of the weld is reduced. In addition, when the content of C element in a welding seam structure exceeds 0.45 weight percent, the brittleness of the welding seam is easy to be caused, and the welding seam is easy to break in the production process of the welding wire, so that the mass production is not facilitated; when the Ni content in the weld is less than 5wt%, aluminum-rich ferrite in the weld cannot be completely inhibited, and when the Ni content exceeds 25wt%, the austenite stability in the weld structure is too high to be retained in the room temperature structure, and the mechanical properties of the weld structure are also reduced. Therefore, the composition system of the welding wire is set at C:0.05 to 0.45 weight percent, ni:5-25wt%, C+Ni/(27-31) not more than 0.40wt% and not more than 1.37wt%.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the hot-forming steel splice welding plate with the aluminum-silicon coating, which adopts the welding wire for the hot-forming steel splice welding plate with the aluminum-silicon coating and comprises the following steps:
s1: after purifying the hot forming steel with the aluminum-based or silicon-based coating, placing the hot forming steel at intervals to form gaps between the hot forming steel with the aluminum-based or silicon-based coating;
s2: and welding a welding wire for the hot forming steel splice welding plate with the aluminum-silicon coating into the gap by laser to obtain the hot forming steel splice welding plate with the aluminum-silicon coating.
Preferably, in the step S1, the cleaning treatment method is to clean the surface with an organic solvent and then air-dry and cool the surface.
Further, the organic solvent is ethanol or acetone.
Preferably, in the step S1, the width of the gap is not greater than the diameter of the welding wire for the hot forming steel splice welding plate with the aluminum-silicon coating.
Preferably, in the step S2, the laser welding is performed using a fiber laser, a semiconductor laser, or CO 2 And welding by a laser.
Preferably, the filler wire in step S2 is fed by a filler wire feeder, and the feeding speed is 1-10m/min.
Preferably, the power of the laser welding in the step S2 is 500-6000W, the welding speed is 1-10m/min, and the laser spot diameter is 0.03-0.05mm.
Preferably, in the step S2, the atmosphere used is oxygen, CO 2 Or a mixture of one or more of inert gases.
Further, the atmosphere inlet flow is 10-30L/min.
The microstructure structure of the welded joint on the aluminum-silicon coating hot-formed steel splice welding plate prepared by the preparation method is lath martensite.
The invention also provides a method for judging the welding quality of the hot-forming steel splice welding plate with the aluminum-silicon coating, which comprises the following steps: detecting components of C and Ni in a welding wire during welding, and calculating the mass fraction X= [ C ] + [ Ni ]/(27-31) of the carbon and nickel in the welding wire, wherein [ C ] and [ Ni ] are the mass fractions of C and Ni in the welding wire with the aluminum-silicon coating for the hot forming steel splice welding plate respectively; if [ C ] =0.05-0.45%, and [ Ni ] =5-25% and X=0.40-1.37%, the welding quality of the hot forming steel splice welding plate with the aluminum-silicon coating is qualified; otherwise, the welding quality of the hot forming steel splice welding plate with the aluminum-silicon coating is not qualified.
The invention discloses a method for preparing an aluminum-silicon coating hot-formed steel welding joint by adopting a laser filler wire welding technology based on a carbon-nickel alloying thought.
In the present invention, the hot-formed steel is one of high-strength steel and ultra-high-strength steel, and has been widely used in a vehicle body structural member due to excellent mechanical properties. The hot formed steel structural member is heated to a certain temperature range in the production process and hot stamping quenching is performed in the temperature range to obtain ultra-high strength and hardness. To prevent decarburization and oxidation during hot stamping, an aluminum-silicon coating is often preset on the surface of the steel sheet. In industrial production, welded steel plates with different strength/thickness grades are usually welded and then subjected to hot stamping forming to obtain the splice welded plate structural member. The laser filler wire welding technology can reduce weld defects, dilute aluminum elements, regulate and control weld structure performances and the like on the basis of keeping the advantages of laser welding. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that the plating layer does not need to be removed before welding, preheating treatment and beveling are carried out, direct welding with the plating layer is realized, the working procedure is simple, and the production efficiency is higher.
The welding method used in the current industrial production is a patent (patent number: CN 101426612B) applied by Ansalomide company, which adopts a method of removing a coating by laser ablation and then performing laser welding, and the type of the laser used in the ablation coating is different from that of the laser used in the tailor welding process. Therefore, the method has the defects of high cost, low production efficiency, complex procedures and the like. Because no alloy element is added, the mechanical property level of the welding seam is similar to the level of a base metal (more than or equal to 1450 MPa), and when the filler wire disclosed by the invention is used for welding, the welding joint strength is higher than the level of the base metal (more than 1500 MPa).
A technique for welding aluminum silicon coated steel by a groove variable energy distribution laser spot filler wire welding process is disclosed in recent literature ([ 1]Coviello D,Jana V D H,Rullo L,et al.Laser welding oftailoredblanks made of Al-Si-coated 22MnB5 steel using a filler wire and a variable energy distribution laser optics[J ].2023 ]), in which the wire composition system also contains C and Ni. In contrast, the invention has the following improvements: firstly, the main components of the welding wire provided by the invention are only two elements of C and Ni, and a large amount of Cr elements are added in a welding wire component system in the literature besides C and Ni, so that the welding wire cost is higher; secondly, the welding process described in the document comprises pre-beveling, and the angle is fixed by 9 degrees, which is difficult to realize in industrial production, and a laser used for beveling and a laser used for tailor-welding are of different types, so that the cost is higher, the working procedure is more complex, and mass production is difficult to realize. The welding wire can realize direct welding with a coating without any coating removal, preheating treatment and beveling on the aluminum-silicon coated steel; thirdly, the welding process in the document adopts a laser as a special variable energy distribution laser, so that the production cost is further improved, and the laser in the welding plate production process in the patent is a common optical fiber laser, so that the production cost is lower.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
compared with the prior art, the invention provides a method for producing the hot forming steel splice welding plate with the aluminum silicon coating. The welding wire for laser welding of the aluminum-silicon coating hot-formed steel plate provided by the invention can be used without removing the coating or carrying out any preheating treatment on the hot-formed steel plate, and without beveling before welding to reduce the entering amount of the coating, and can obtain the splice welding component with excellent mechanical properties by using a welding method of laser filler wires. The original metallurgical reaction of a liquid molten pool is changed by adopting a carbon-nickel composite alloying concept, delta ferrite or iron-aluminum intermetallic compound is inhibited from forming, an austenite structure is obtained in a temperature range of 900-950 ℃, and a welding area structure is fully martensitic after thermoforming. The fracture area of the tensile test is not in the weld zone, and the welded joint has good mechanical properties, so that the production efficiency is greatly improved, and the cost is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the results of a stretching experiment.
Fig. 2 is a graph of mechanical properties of a welded joint.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the mechanical properties of example 1.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the mechanical properties of example 2.
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the mechanical properties of example 3.
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the mechanical properties of example 4.
FIG. 7 is a graph of the mechanical properties of example 5.
FIG. 8 is a graph of the mechanical properties of example 6.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples, which are not intended to be limiting, so that those skilled in the art will better understand the invention and practice it.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a hot forming steel splice welding plate with an aluminum silicon coating, which comprises the following specific steps:
s1, taking two hot-formed steel plates with the same or different thickness and strength and aluminum-silicon coating, cleaning oil stains on the surfaces of the two hot-formed steel plates with the aluminum-silicon coating by using absolute ethyl alcohol, cooling and air-drying, and preparing a welding fixture for standby;
s2, butt-jointing the two heat-formed steel plates subjected to the purification treatment in the step S1 on a workbench and fixing the two heat-formed steel plates by using a welding fixture, wherein a gap exists between the two heat-formed steel plates;
s3, selecting a filler wire welding wire feeder, and setting the filler wire components and the machining parameters of a wire feeder; the wire feed speed was 2m/min.
The filler wire comprises 0.15wt% C,5wt% Ni; c+ni/(27 to 31) =0.40; the balance of Fe and other unavoidable impurities, and the total content of impurity elements is not more than 1wt%.
S4, selecting a laser, setting laser processing parameters, wherein the laser power is 4000W, the laser scanning speed is 3m/min, and the laser spot diameter is 0.03mm;
and S5, irradiating the welding wire and the butt joint of the two hot-formed steel plates in the step S3 by adopting a fiber laser, and melting, solidifying and cooling the butt joint and the welding wire to form a high-quality welding seam so as to finish the splicing of the two hot-formed steel plates.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a hot forming steel splice welding plate with an aluminum silicon coating, which comprises the following specific steps:
s1, taking two hot-formed steel plates with the same or different thickness and strength and aluminum-silicon coating, cleaning oil stains on the surfaces of the two hot-formed steel plates with the aluminum-silicon coating by using absolute ethyl alcohol, cooling and air-drying, and preparing a welding fixture for standby;
s2, butt-jointing the two heat-formed steel plates subjected to the purification treatment in the step S1 on a workbench and fixing the two heat-formed steel plates by using a welding fixture, wherein a gap exists between the two heat-formed steel plates;
s3, selecting a filler wire welding wire feeder, and setting the filler wire components and the machining parameters of a wire feeder; the wire feed speed was 2m/min.
The filler wire comprises 0.45wt% C,5wt% Ni; c+ni/(27 to 31) =0.63. The balance of Fe and other unavoidable impurities, and the total content of impurity elements is not more than 1wt%.
S4, selecting a laser, setting laser processing parameters, wherein the laser power is 4000W, the laser scanning speed is 3m/min, and the laser spot diameter is 0.03mm;
and S5, irradiating the welding wire and the butt joint of the two hot-formed steel plates in the step S3 by adopting a fiber laser, and melting, solidifying and cooling the butt joint and the welding wire to form a high-quality welding seam so as to finish the splicing of the two hot-formed steel plates.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a hot forming steel splice welding plate with an aluminum silicon coating, which comprises the following specific steps:
s1, taking two hot-formed steel plates with the same or different thickness and strength and aluminum-silicon coating, cleaning oil stains on the surfaces of the two hot-formed steel plates with the aluminum-silicon coating by using absolute ethyl alcohol, cooling and air-drying, and preparing a welding fixture for standby;
s2, butt-jointing the two heat-formed steel plates subjected to the purification treatment in the step S1 on a workbench and fixing the two heat-formed steel plates by using a welding fixture, wherein a gap exists between the two heat-formed steel plates;
s3, selecting a filler wire welding wire feeder, and setting the filler wire components and the machining parameters of a wire feeder; the wire feed speed was 2m/min.
The filler wire comprises 0.30wt% C,10wt% Ni; c+ni/(27 to 31) =0.67. The balance of Fe and other unavoidable impurities, and the total content of impurity elements is not more than 1wt%.
S4, selecting a laser, setting laser processing parameters, wherein the laser power is 4000W, the laser scanning speed is 3m/min, and the laser spot diameter is 0.03mm;
and S5, irradiating the welding wire and the butt joint of the two hot-formed steel plates in the step S3 by adopting a fiber laser, and melting, solidifying and cooling the butt joint and the welding wire to form a high-quality welding seam so as to finish the splicing of the two hot-formed steel plates.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a hot forming steel splice welding plate with an aluminum silicon coating, which comprises the following specific steps:
s1, taking two hot-formed steel plates with the same or different thickness and strength and aluminum-silicon coating, cleaning oil stains on the surfaces of the two hot-formed steel plates with the aluminum-silicon coating by using absolute ethyl alcohol, cooling and air-drying, and preparing a welding fixture for standby;
s2, butt-jointing the two heat-formed steel plates subjected to the purification treatment in the step S1 on a workbench and fixing the two heat-formed steel plates by using a welding fixture, wherein a gap exists between the two heat-formed steel plates;
s3, selecting a filler wire welding wire feeder, and setting the filler wire components and the machining parameters of a wire feeder; the wire feed speed was 2m/min.
The filler wire comprises 0.05wt% C,25wt% Ni; c+ni/(27 to 31) =0.98. The balance of Fe and other unavoidable impurities, and the total content of impurity elements is not more than 1wt%.
S4, selecting a laser, setting laser processing parameters, wherein the laser power is 4000W, the laser scanning speed is 3m/min, and the laser spot diameter is 0.03mm;
and S5, irradiating the welding wire and the butt joint of the two hot-formed steel plates in the step S3 by adopting a fiber laser, and melting, solidifying and cooling the butt joint and the welding wire to form a high-quality welding seam so as to finish the splicing of the two hot-formed steel plates.
Example 5
The embodiment provides a hot forming steel splice welding plate with an aluminum silicon coating, which comprises the following specific steps:
s1, taking two hot-formed steel plates with the same or different thickness and strength and aluminum-silicon coating, cleaning oil stains on the surfaces of the two hot-formed steel plates with the aluminum-silicon coating by using absolute ethyl alcohol, cooling and air-drying, and preparing a welding fixture for standby;
s2, butt-jointing the two heat-formed steel plates subjected to the purification treatment in the step S1 on a workbench and fixing the two heat-formed steel plates by using a welding fixture, wherein a gap exists between the two heat-formed steel plates;
s3, selecting a filler wire welding wire feeder, and setting the filler wire components and the machining parameters of a wire feeder; the wire feed speed was 2m/min.
The filler wire comprises 0.45wt% C,25wt% Ni; c+ni/(27 to 31) =1.37. The balance of Fe and other unavoidable impurities, and the total content of impurity elements is not more than 1wt%.
S4, selecting a laser, setting laser processing parameters, wherein the laser power is 4000W, the laser scanning speed is 3m/min, and the laser spot diameter is 0.03mm;
and S5, irradiating the welding wire and the butt joint of the two hot-formed steel plates in the step S3 by adopting a fiber laser, and melting, solidifying and cooling the butt joint and the welding wire to form a high-quality welding seam so as to finish the splicing of the two hot-formed steel plates.
Example 6
This example serves as a comparative example for the preparation of a hot formed steel tailor welded blank with an aluminium silicon coating, comprising the following steps:
s1, taking two hot-formed steel plates with the same or different thickness and strength and aluminum-silicon coating, cleaning oil stains on the surfaces of the two hot-formed steel plates with the aluminum-silicon coating by using absolute ethyl alcohol, cooling and air-drying, and preparing a welding fixture for standby;
s2, butt-jointing the two heat-formed steel plates subjected to the purification treatment in the step S1 on a workbench and fixing the two heat-formed steel plates by using a welding fixture, wherein a gap exists between the two heat-formed steel plates;
s3, selecting a laser, setting laser processing parameters, wherein the laser power is 4000W, the laser scanning speed is 3m/min, and the laser spot diameter is 0.03mm;
and S4, irradiating the welding wire in the step S3 and the butt joint position of the two hot-formed steel plates by adopting a fiber laser, and melting, solidifying and cooling the butt joint position and the welding wire to form a high-quality welding seam so as to finish the splicing of the two hot-formed steel plates.
Example 7
The embodiment provides a hot forming steel splice welding plate with an aluminum silicon coating, which comprises the following specific steps:
s1, taking two hot-formed steel plates with the same or different thickness and strength and aluminum-silicon coating, cleaning oil stains on the surfaces of the two hot-formed steel plates with the aluminum-silicon coating by using absolute ethyl alcohol, cooling and air-drying, and preparing a welding fixture for standby;
s2, butt-jointing the two heat-formed steel plates subjected to the purification treatment in the step S1 on a workbench and fixing the two heat-formed steel plates by using a welding fixture, wherein a gap exists between the two heat-formed steel plates;
s3, selecting a filler wire welding wire feeder, and setting the filler wire components and the machining parameters of a wire feeder; the wire feed speed was 2m/min.
The filler wire contains 0.05wt% of C,25wt% of N, less than or equal to 0.3% of Si and less than or equal to 0.3% of Al; c+ni/(27 to 31) =0.98. The balance being Fe.
S4, selecting a laser, setting laser processing parameters, wherein the laser power is 4000W, the laser scanning speed is 3m/min, and the laser spot diameter is 0.03mm;
and S5, irradiating the welding wire and the butt joint of the two hot-formed steel plates in the step S3 by adopting a fiber laser, and melting, solidifying and cooling the butt joint and the welding wire to form a high-quality welding seam so as to finish the splicing of the two hot-formed steel plates.
Evaluation of Effect
TABLE 1 Performance test of tailor welded blanks after Hot stamping
| Examples | Weld structure formation | Stretch breaking location | Average tensile strength/ |
| 1 | Martensitic phase | Base material | 1553.6 |
| 2 | Martensitic phase | Base material | 1591.3 |
| 3 | Martensitic phase | Base material | 1578.4 |
| 4 | Martensitic phase | Base material | 1601.4 |
| 5 | Martensitic phase | Base material | 1607.2 |
| 6 | Martensitic+ferritic | Weld joint | 1204.5 |
Examples 1 to 5 are shown in fig. 3 to 7, and example 6 is shown in fig. 8 as a comparative example.
The welding experiment (welding power 500-6000W; welding speed 1-10m/min, wire feeding speed 1-10m/min, atmospheric environment welding, no preheating treatment and no groove) of the aluminum-silicon coating hot-formed steel laser filler wire welding direct strip coating is carried out, when the carbon-nickel composite filler wire is adopted for welding, the tensile strength of a welding seam reaches the level of a base metal (more than 1500 MPa), and the tensile fracture positions are all positioned on the base metal (figures 3-7); when the filler wire described in this patent is not used for direct laser welding, the weld tensile fracture sites are all located at the weld (fig. 8).
It is apparent that the above examples are given by way of illustration only and are not limiting of the embodiments. Other variations and modifications of the present invention will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the foregoing description. It is not necessary here nor is it exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications thereof are contemplated as falling within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A welding wire for a hot-formed steel splice welding plate with an aluminum-silicon coating, which is characterized by comprising C, ni, fe and unavoidable impurities in terms of mass fraction;
wherein the mass fraction X of the carbon nickel is 0.40-1.37%, X= [ C ] + [ Ni ]/(27-31);
[C]＝0.05-0.45％，[Ni]＝5-25％；
[C] and [ Ni ] is the mass fraction of C and Ni in the welding wire for the hot forming steel splice welding plate with the aluminum-silicon coating.
2. The welding wire for aluminum-silicon plated hot-formed steel tailor-welded blank according to claim 1, wherein the content of unavoidable impurities in the welding wire for aluminum-silicon plated hot-formed steel tailor-welded blank is not more than 1wt%.
3. The welding wire for a tailor welded blank of steel with an aluminum-silicon coating of claim 1, wherein said unavoidable impurities include Si and Al, the Si content being not more than 0.3wt%, the Al content being not more than 0.3wt%.
4. A method for preparing a hot-formed steel splice-welded plate with an aluminum-silicon coating, characterized in that the welding wire for the hot-formed steel splice-welded plate with the aluminum-silicon coating as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3 is adopted, and comprises the following steps:
s1: after purifying the hot forming steel with the aluminum-based or silicon-based coating, placing the hot forming steel at intervals to form gaps between the hot forming steel with the aluminum-based or silicon-based coating;
s2: and welding a welding wire for the hot forming steel splice welding plate with the aluminum-silicon coating into the gap by laser to obtain the hot forming steel splice welding plate with the aluminum-silicon coating.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein in the step S1, the cleaning treatment is air-drying and cooling after cleaning the surface with an organic solvent.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the organic solvent is ethanol or acetone.
7. The method of manufacturing according to claim 4, wherein in step S1, the width of the gap is not larger than the diameter of the welding wire for the aluminum-silicon plated hot-formed steel tailor-welded blank.
8. The method according to claim 4, wherein in the step S2, the filler wire is fed by a filler wire feeder at a speed of 1-10m/min.
9. The method according to claim 4, wherein in the step S2, the power of the laser welding is 500-6000W, the welding speed is 1-10m/min, and the laser spot diameter is 0.03-0.05mm.
10. A judging method for welding quality of a hot forming steel splice welding plate with an aluminum silicon coating is characterized by comprising the following steps: detecting components of C and Ni in a welding wire during welding, and calculating the mass fraction X= [ C ] + [ Ni ]/(27-31) of the carbon and nickel in the welding wire, wherein [ C ] and [ Ni ] are the mass fractions of C and Ni in the welding wire with the aluminum-silicon coating for the hot forming steel splice welding plate respectively; if [ C ] =0.05-0.45%, and [ Ni ] =5-25% and X=0.40-1.37%, the welding quality of the hot forming steel splice welding plate with the aluminum-silicon coating is qualified; otherwise, the welding quality of the hot forming steel splice welding plate with the aluminum-silicon coating is not qualified.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117583852A (en) * | 2024-01-19 | 2024-02-23 | 凌云吉恩斯科技有限公司 | Preparation method of hot-formed part joint of Al-Si coated hot-formed steel |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117583852A (en) * | 2024-01-19 | 2024-02-23 | 凌云吉恩斯科技有限公司 | Preparation method of hot-formed part joint of Al-Si coated hot-formed steel |
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