CN116392741A - High-pressure compressed air foam fire extinguishing system for super high-rise building and application method - Google Patents

High-pressure compressed air foam fire extinguishing system for super high-rise building and application method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116392741A
CN116392741A CN202310392488.6A CN202310392488A CN116392741A CN 116392741 A CN116392741 A CN 116392741A CN 202310392488 A CN202310392488 A CN 202310392488A CN 116392741 A CN116392741 A CN 116392741A
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foam
compressed air
fire
pressure
air foam
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陈涛
李毅
张鹏
靖立帅
王雨薇
胡成
秦国杨
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Tianjin Fire Research Institute of MEM
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Tianjin Fire Research Institute of MEM
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62CFIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C3/00Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
    • A62C3/02Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places for area conflagrations, e.g. forest fires, subterranean fires
    • A62C3/0214Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places for area conflagrations, e.g. forest fires, subterranean fires for buildings or installations in fire storms
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62CFIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C31/00Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
    • A62C31/02Nozzles specially adapted for fire-extinguishing
    • A62C31/12Nozzles specially adapted for fire-extinguishing for delivering foam or atomised foam
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62CFIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C37/00Control of fire-fighting equipment
    • A62C37/36Control of fire-fighting equipment an actuating signal being generated by a sensor separate from an outlet device
    • A62C37/38Control of fire-fighting equipment an actuating signal being generated by a sensor separate from an outlet device by both sensor and actuator, e.g. valve, being in the danger zone
    • A62C37/40Control of fire-fighting equipment an actuating signal being generated by a sensor separate from an outlet device by both sensor and actuator, e.g. valve, being in the danger zone with electric connection between sensor and actuator

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Ecology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a high-pressure compressed air foam fire extinguishing system for a super high-rise building and an application method thereof, wherein a high-pressure compressed air foam generating device is communicated with a high-pressure fire-fighting vertical pipe; the high-pressure fire-fighting vertical pipe is vertically arranged on the outer wall of the super high-rise building or in the super high-rise building and is divided into a plurality of fire-extinguishing subareas by the aid of the subarea valves, a set of combined compressed air foam release device is arranged in each floor, and the system controller is arranged in a fire-fighting control center of the super high-rise building and is used for remotely controlling the opening and closing of each subarea valve and the opening and closing of the foam flow distribution valve. The high-pressure compressed air foam generating device is provided with a central controller, and the central controller controls the gas-liquid ratio of foam to gradually increase along with the foam supplying time. The invention realizes the fire extinguishing and the extinguishing of large-scale fires such as super high-rise buildings with the diameter of more than 200m, building outer elevation, curtain wall heat preservation and the like, and has the advantages of high foam supply height, large flow, rapid response, strong fire extinguishing capability, simple operation, safety and reliability.

Description

High-pressure compressed air foam fire extinguishing system for super high-rise building and application method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of super high-rise building fire extinguishment, in particular to a high-pressure compressed air foam fire extinguishing system for a super high-rise building and an application method.
Background
The country has more than 100 meters of super high-rise buildings, 1.2 tens of thousands of buildings, more than 200 meters of super high-rise buildings and 1300 buildings, and becomes the country with the most super high-rise buildings in the world. However, the super high-rise building has high height and complex configuration, once a fire disaster occurs, the fire disaster is difficult to put out, and serious casualties and property loss are extremely easy to cause, and the fire fighting liquid supply and fire extinguishment of the super high-rise building become a worldwide difficult problem facing the current fire fighting industry.
The compressed air foam fire extinguishing technology has the advantages of high fire extinguishing efficiency, small water stain loss, low density, high conveying height and the like, and is an important development direction for solving the problem of fire suppression of super high-rise buildings. However, because the compressed air foam is easy to separate gas from liquid due to the influence of gravity in the vertical long-distance conveying process, the foam mixed liquid flow rate is seriously attenuated along with the conveying height and the foam supplying time, the pressure of the whole conveying pipeline is higher and the flow rate is smaller and higher; in addition, the working pressure of the existing domestic and overseas compressed air foam system is low, generally within 1.0MPa, and the maximum pressure is not more than 1.2MPa, and the compressed air foam system belongs to a low-pressure system, and can not normally generate and output foam to fail once the pressure of a conveying pipeline exceeds the working pressure of the system along with the increase of the foam conveying height and the continuous deposition of liquid in the pipeline. According to the existing test, the effective foam supply height of the existing low-pressure compressed air foam system is only 200m, the flow is small, only 1-2 foam guns can be met, the flow of foam mixture after the flow exceeds 200m is very small, the range is closer, the foam is drier, and the fire extinguishing capability is very limited, so that the fire extinguishing requirements of large-scale fires such as super high-rise buildings with the height of more than 200m, building facades, curtain wall heat preservation and the like can not be met.
Aiming at the problem of limited foam supply height of the existing low-pressure compressed air foam system, the prior art CN 202010057523.5 is a solid-moving combined compressed air foam fire extinguishing system suitable for super high-rise buildings and a design method thereof, the CN 202010540512.2 is a super high-rise building fire extinguishing system and a fire extinguishing method, and the CN 202210469277.3 compressed air foam system alarm and linkage control system realize the application of the compressed air foam fire extinguishing technology in the super high-rise buildings by adopting a fire extinguishing method of connecting a plurality of compressed air foam generating devices in series and solid-moving combined, namely: the low-pressure compressed air foam generating device is arranged on the top layer, the equipment layer or the refuge layer of the super high-rise building, and meanwhile, the fire-fighting connector is arranged at the bottom of the building, so that the movable compressed air foam fire-fighting truck is conveniently connected, and foam is supplied through the fixed movement combination and the up-down cooperation of the movable compressed air foam fire-fighting truck and the fixed compressed air foam generating device, so that foam supply at different height positions of the super high-rise building is realized. The method has the advantages of more compressed air foam generating devices, higher engineering cost, high requirements in practical engineering application, complex operation, slow response speed and great operation and maintenance difficulty, and is difficult to be suitable for the existing super high-rise buildings. In addition, the existing method mainly uses a common fire hydrant box to release foam due to small flow, the foam gun of the fire hydrant box is in a closed state when not in use, the fire fighter can open the fire hydrant box after the fire fighter is in use, and the existing foam gun is designed for special throttling for improving the range, has smaller outlet caliber and is generally only 19mm, so that the foam is directly influenced to be sprayed and released timely and smoothly. After the system is started, the end fire hydrant is closed or the flow is limited, so that a large amount of liquid in foam is deposited, the pipeline pressure is higher and higher, the flow is smaller and smaller, and continuous, stable and effective foam supply is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior fire extinguishing technology, and discloses a high-pressure compressed air foam fire extinguishing system and a fire extinguishing method for a super high-rise building, which have the advantages of high foam supply height, high flow, rapid response, strong fire extinguishing capability, simplicity in operation, safety and reliability, can realize fire extinguishing and extinguishing of large-scale fires such as super high-rise buildings with the height of more than 200m, building outer vertical surfaces, curtain wall heat preservation and the like based on the fire extinguishing technology of 'one pump to the top', and can be used for newly built super high-rise buildings and existing super high-rise buildings.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a high-pressure compressed air foam fire extinguishing system for super high-rise buildings comprises a high-pressure compressed air foam generating device, a high-pressure fire-fighting vertical pipe, a partition valve, a foam flow distribution valve, a combined compressed air foam releasing device and a system controller;
the high-pressure compressed air foam generating device is communicated with the high-pressure fire-fighting vertical pipe through a high-pressure fire-fighting pipeline or a high-pressure fire-fighting water belt or a high-pressure water pump connector; the high-pressure compressed air foam generating device is provided with a central controller, and the central controller controls the gas-liquid ratio of foam to gradually increase along with the foam supplying time;
the high-pressure fire-fighting vertical pipe is vertically arranged on the outer wall of the super high-rise building or in the super high-rise building, and is divided into a plurality of fire-extinguishing subareas by arranging subarea valves, and each subarea valve is arranged at the top of the fire-extinguishing subarea;
each fire extinguishing partition comprises a plurality of floors, a set of combined compressed air foam release device is arranged in each floor, and the combined compressed air foam release device is communicated with a high-pressure fire fighting vertical pipe through a fire fighting pipeline and a foam flow distribution valve;
the system controller is arranged in a fire control center of the super high-rise building and is used for remotely controlling the opening and closing of each partition valve and the opening and closing and opening of the foam flow distribution valve.
Further, the high-pressure compressed air foam generating device comprises a fire water tank and a water supply pipeline provided with a water supply valve, wherein the fire water tank is used for supplementing water through the water supplementing valve;
the foam liquid tank is provided with a liquid supply valve, a high-pressure foam liquid pump and a foam liquid pipeline of a foam liquid flowmeter in sequence, and the foam liquid tank is used for supplementing liquid through the liquid supplementing valve; the foam liquid pipeline is connected into the water supply pipeline to form a foam mixed liquid pipeline, and sequentially passes through a medium-low pressure fire pump, a foam mixed liquid flowmeter and a liquid regulating valve, and is connected into a gas-liquid mixer, and a pressure release valve is arranged between the medium-low pressure fire pump and the foam mixed liquid flowmeter;
the high-pressure air supply pipeline is sequentially provided with a high-pressure buffer air tank, a one-way valve, a high-pressure air flowmeter and a high-pressure air flow regulating valve, and is connected to the gas-liquid mixer;
the gas-liquid mixer is used for mixing gas and liquid, is connected with a foam output port, is communicated with the high-pressure fire-fighting vertical pipe through the foam output port, and provides high-pressure compressed air foam for the high-pressure fire-fighting vertical pipe;
the central controller is connected with and controls the high-pressure foam liquid pump and the foam liquid flowmeter of the foam liquid pipeline, and the foam mixed liquid flowmeter and the liquid regulating valve of the foam mixed liquid pipeline, and the high-pressure gas flowmeter and the high-pressure gas flow regulating valve of the high-pressure gas supply pipeline, so that the flow is automatically regulated to the set flow according to the back pressure of each pipeline, and the foam flow input into the high-pressure fire riser is ensured to be stable through self-adaptive control.
Further, when the foam supplying height exceeds 200m, the central controller starts the function of gradually increasing the air-liquid ratio along with the foam supplying time, and the increment of the air-liquid ratio per minute is 0.01-2.0.
Further, the high-pressure compressed air foam generating device adopts a fixed compressed air foam generating module or a movable compressed air foam generating fire truck.
Furthermore, the combined type compressed air foam release device adopts a combined mode of a compressed air foam bolt box and a compressed air foam electric control intelligent gun or a compressed air foam spraying device, and the flow of the compressed air foam bolt box and the flow of the compressed air foam electric control intelligent gun are automatically preset by a foam flow distribution valve and are regulated and controlled manually or electrically.
Further, the compressed air foam plug box comprises a box body and a set of compressed air foam plugs arranged in the box body, wherein each compressed air foam plug comprises a movable hinge joint, a foam branch pipe, a fire hose reel, an on-off valve, a fire hose and a compressed air foam gun; the fire hose reel is fixed in the box body through a movable hinge joint, and a fire hose is arranged on the fire hose reel; one end of the fire hose is connected with the foam gun, the other end of the fire hose is connected with the outlet of the foam branch pipe fixed on the box body through the opening and closing valve, and the inlet of the foam branch pipe extends out of the box body and is communicated with the high-pressure fire riser.
Further, a discharge valve is arranged at the bottom of the high-pressure fire-fighting vertical pipe, and overpressure foam or pipeline residual liquid is discharged to the sewage well through the discharge valve.
The invention also provides a fire extinguishing application method of the super high-rise building high-pressure compressed air foam fire extinguishing system, which comprises the following steps:
s1, normally standby: under normal conditions, each partition valve is in a normally open state, and the combined compressed air foam release device is in a standby state;
s2, starting a system: when a fire disaster occurs in the super high-rise building, a field personnel starts the high-pressure compressed air foam generating device to supply foam to the high-pressure fire-fighting vertical pipe, and the compressed air foam electric control intelligent gun or the compressed air foam spraying device in the combined compressed air foam releasing device positioned in the roof fire extinguishing partition starts to exhaust; after receiving fire alarm signals of specific floors, the system controller immediately and rapidly opens foam flow distribution valves of corresponding floors to preset positions I, the valves are fully opened, and the compressed air foam electric control intelligent cannons in the combined compressed air foam release device begin to exhaust, so that when fire fighters do not use the compressed air foam plug boxes, gas and foam in the pipeline can be timely sprayed and released from the compressed air foam electric control intelligent cannons, and the phenomena of liquid deposition and flow reduction in the foam caused by pressure holding or flow limiting are reduced to the greatest extent; meanwhile, partition valves of fire extinguishing partitions corresponding to fire floors are quickly closed, so that the foam conveying response time is shortened, and the foam discharging speed is improved to the maximum extent;
s3, stable foam supply: when a fire disaster is positioned at a low floor, the high-pressure compressed air foam generating device stably outputs foam to the high-pressure fire fighting vertical pipe according to the set flow and the gas-liquid ratio, and then the foam is conveyed to the combined compressed air foam releasing device for spraying; when a fire disaster is positioned on a high floor, the high-pressure compressed air foam generating device automatically adjusts the flow and the gas-liquid ratio to set values through adjusting the opening of a valve and the rotating speed of a foam pump according to the back pressure of a foam output pipeline by a central controller, continuously and stably outputs high-quality foam to a high-pressure fire-fighting vertical pipe according to set parameters, and after the vertical long-distance high back pressure is overcome, the high-pressure compressed air foam generating device is conveyed to a combined compressed air foam releasing device for spraying; the gas-liquid ratio of the foam is controlled by the central controller to gradually increase along with the foam supply time;
s4, spraying bubbles to extinguish fire: when the compressed air foam electric control intelligent gun is sprayed and covered on a fire source, remote or on-site control of the compressed air foam electric control intelligent gun is adopted to spray foam for extinguishing fire; when the compressed air foam electric control intelligent gun cannot be sprayed to cover a fire source, fire is extinguished by firefighters by using a foam gun of a compressed air foam plug box in a combined compressed air foam release device, firstly, an opening and closing valve of the compressed air foam plug box is opened, then a foam flow distribution valve is remotely or on site adjusted to a preset position II, the opening is 5% -80%, the foam flow of the compressed air foam plug box and the compressed air foam electric control intelligent gun is automatically controlled and distributed by regulating and controlling the flow path ratio of the compressed air foam plug box and the compressed air foam electric control intelligent gun, and meanwhile, the opening of a valve can be automatically or manually regulated and controlled, so that the actual pressure and the flow of the foam gun of the compressed air foam plug box are regulated in real time.
Further, when the foam supply height exceeds 200m, the central controller starts a control program to control the gas-liquid ratio of the foam to gradually increase along with the foam supply time, and the increment of the gas-liquid ratio per minute is 0.01-2.0.
Furthermore, the high-pressure compressed air foam generating device adopts a fixed compressed air foam generating module and is arranged at the first floor of the super high-rise building or between fire-fighting equipment; or the fire engine is generated by adopting movable compressed air foam and is parked on a road nearby the building.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention adopts the self-adaptive control type high-pressure compressed air foam generating device, has the function of increasing the gas-liquid ratio, can furthest reduce liquid deposition in the high-pressure fire-fighting vertical pipe, obviously improves continuous and stable foam supply of a high-rise building, realizes high-flow stable and efficient foam supply of super-high-rise buildings with the height of more than 200m, has the highest foam supply height of more than 500m and high foam supply flow, can meet the use of foam cannons and spraying systems, and solves the problems that the existing low-pressure compressed air foam system has low effective foam supply height, low flow, short range and incapability of meeting the fire extinguishment of super-high-rise buildings with the height of more than 200m and large fire.
2. The fire extinguishing technology based on the pump-to-top technology can realize fire extinguishing and extinguishing of large-scale fires of super high-rise buildings, building facades, curtain wall heat preservation and the like with the thickness of more than 200m by only paving the high-pressure fire-resistant pipeline vertically in advance in the outer wall or the pipeline well of the super high-rise building or paving the high-pressure fire-resistant water belt temporarily in the corridor of the super high-rise building, has the obvious advantages of simple operation, convenient use, safety and reliability, low engineering cost and high actual combat value, and provides an advanced and efficient fire extinguishing means for solving the fire extinguishing and extinguishing problem of the super high-rise building.
3. The invention adopts the combined compressed air foam release device, can effectively spray foam to extinguish fire at a large flow rate aiming at key positions or areas and time, solves the problems of large liquid deposition, pipeline pressure rise, flow reduction and serious influence on stable foam supply caused by pressure holding and flow limiting in foam in the prior art, has the remarkable characteristics of high corresponding speed, stable foam supply and strong fire extinguishing capability, and completely has the advantage of extinguishing fire of the outer wall of the super high-rise building.
4. The invention has the self-adaptive adjusting function of foam flow, has various fire extinguishing application modes, is not only suitable for a small-flow hydrant box system, sprays foam through a foam gun, but also suitable for a large-flow foam gun or a spray system, meets the fire extinguishing requirements of different scale fire in super high-rise buildings, and especially can meet the fire extinguishing requirements of large-scale facades of the super high-rise buildings, or can establish a foam barrier layer at key positions in the buildings to prevent the expansion and spread of the fire.
5. The invention has the advantages of simple operation, safety, reliability, high fire extinguishing efficiency, strong heat insulation protection capability and the like, can be used as a fixed fire extinguishing system or a semi-fixed fire extinguishing system of a super high-rise building, and can be used for a newly built super high-rise building and an existing super high-rise building.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the high-pressure compressed air foam fire extinguishing system for super high-rise buildings according to the embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a high pressure compressed air foam generating apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a compressed air foam latch box according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the high-pressure compressed air foam fire extinguishing system for super high-rise buildings according to the embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic installation and spraying diagram of a super high-rise building outer wall spray release device of the super high-rise building high-pressure compressed air foam fire extinguishing system of embodiment 2 of the invention.
Wherein:
1 high-pressure compressed air foam generating device, 1A fixed high-pressure compressed air foam generating device, 1B mobile compressed air foam generating fire engine, 1-1 fire water tank, 1-2 water supply valve, 1-3 water supplementing valve, 1-4 medium-low pressure fire pump, 1-5 foam liquid tank, 1-6 liquid supplementing valve, 1-7 liquid supplying valve, 1-8 high-pressure foam liquid pump, 1-9 foam liquid flowmeter, 1-10 pressure relief valve, 1-11 foam mixed liquid flowmeter, 1-12 liquid regulating valve, 1-13 central controller, 1-14 medium-high-pressure air compressor, 1-15 high-pressure buffer gas tank, 1-16 one-way valve, 1-17 high-pressure gas flowmeter, 1-18 high-pressure gas flow regulating valve, 1-19 gas-liquid mixer 1-20 foam output ports, 2 high pressure fire risers, 3 partition valves, 4 foam flow distribution valves, 5 combined compressed air foam release devices, 5-1 compressed air foam plug boxes, 5-1-1 boxes, 5-1-2 movable hinges, 5-1-3 foam branches, 5-1-4 fire hose reels, 5-1-5 on-off valves, 5-1-6 fire hoses, 5-1-7 compressed air foam guns, 5-2 compressed air foam electric control intelligent guns, 5-3 compressed air foam spray devices, 5-3-1 compressed air foam spray holes or nozzles, 6 high pressure water pump connectors, 7 discharge valves, 8 fire water tanks, 9 sewage wells, 10 high pressure fire water tanks, 11 water supply pipelines/fire water tanks, 12 foam layers, 13 super high-rise building outer walls and 13-1 top parapet walls.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described in detail with reference to examples, which are provided for the purpose of illustrating the invention only and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
Example 1:
in the embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 1, a fixed high-pressure compressed air foam generating device 1A is adopted by the high-pressure compressed air foam generating device 1, and is arranged at the first floor of an ultra-high-rise building or between fire-fighting equipment, and is communicated with a high-pressure fire-fighting vertical pipe 2 through a high-pressure fire-fighting pipeline, and the fixed high-pressure compressed air foam generating device 1A is used for supplementing water from a fire-fighting water tank 8 through a fixed water supply pipeline/fire-fighting water belt 11; the high-pressure fire-fighting vertical pipe 2 is arranged on the building outer wall of the super high-rise building or in a front chamber of an evacuation stairwell or in a pipeline well, the super high-rise building is divided into a plurality of fire-extinguishing subareas through the subarea valves 3, the subarea valves 3 are arranged at the top of each fire-extinguishing subarea, each fire-extinguishing subarea comprises a plurality of floors, a set of combined compressed air foam release device 5 is arranged in each floor, in this embodiment, the combined compressed air foam release device 5 comprises a compressed air foam plug box 5-1 and a compressed air foam electric control intelligent gun 5-2, wherein the roof fire-extinguishing subarea can be also provided with only the compressed air foam electric control intelligent gun 5-2, and the compressed air foam plug box 5-1 and the compressed air foam electric control intelligent gun 5-2 are communicated with the high-pressure fire-fighting vertical pipe 2 through a fire-fighting pipeline and a foam flow distribution valve 4. The system controller is arranged in a fire control center of the super high-rise building, and can be remotely connected with and control the opening and closing of each partition valve 3 and the opening and closing and opening of each foam flow distribution valve 4, the bottom of the high-pressure fire control vertical pipe 2 is provided with a discharge valve 7, and overpressure foam or pipeline residual liquid is discharged to a sewage well 9 through the discharge valve 7.
As shown in fig. 2, the stationary high-pressure compressed air foam generating apparatus 1A includes a fire water tank 1-1 and a water supply line provided with a water supply valve 1-2, the fire water tank 1-1 being replenished with water by a water replenishment valve 1-3;
the foam liquid filling device also comprises a foam liquid tank 1-5, and a foam liquid pipeline sequentially provided with a liquid supply valve 1-7, a high-pressure foam liquid pump 1-8 and a foam liquid flowmeter 1-9, wherein the foam liquid tank 1-5 is used for filling liquid through a liquid filling valve 1-6; the foam liquid pipeline is connected with the water supply pipeline to form a foam mixed liquid pipeline, the foam mixed liquid pipeline sequentially passes through a medium-low pressure fire pump 1-4, a foam mixed liquid flowmeter 1-11 and a liquid regulating valve 1-12, and is connected with a gas-liquid mixer 1-19, and a pressure relief valve 1-10 is arranged between the medium-low pressure fire pump 1-4 and the foam mixed liquid flowmeter 1-11;
the high-pressure air pump also comprises a medium-high pressure air compressor 1-14, and a high-pressure air supply pipeline which is sequentially provided with a high-pressure buffer air tank 1-15, a one-way valve 1-16, a high-pressure air flowmeter 1-17 and a high-pressure air flow regulating valve 1-18, wherein the high-pressure air supply pipeline is connected into the gas-liquid mixer 1-19;
the gas-liquid mixer 1-19 performs gas-liquid mixing and is connected with the foam output port 1-20, and is communicated with the high-pressure fire-fighting vertical pipe 2 through the foam output port 1-20 to provide high-pressure compressed air foam for the high-pressure fire-fighting vertical pipe 2;
the fixed high-pressure compressed air foam generating device 1A is also provided with a central controller 1-13, as shown in figure 2, the central controller 1-13 is connected with and controls a high-pressure foam liquid pump 1-8 and a foam liquid flowmeter 1-9 of a foam liquid pipeline, a foam mixed liquid flowmeter 1-11 and a liquid regulating valve 1-12 of a foam mixed liquid pipeline, a high-pressure gas flowmeter 1-17 and a high-pressure gas flow regulating valve 1-18 of a high-pressure gas supply pipeline, and the flow is automatically regulated to a set flow according to the back pressure of a foam output pipeline, and the foam flow input into a high-pressure fire riser is ensured to be stable through self-adaptive control;
the central controller 1-13 also has the function of gradually increasing the gas-liquid ratio along with the foam supplying time, the increment of the gas-liquid ratio per minute is 0.01-2.0, and the function can be started when the foam supplying height exceeds 200m so as to push the deposited liquid in the high-pressure fire fighting vertical pipe to foam and convey upwards by increasing the air supply amount, thereby solving the problems of continuous deposition, pressure increase and effective foam supplying influence of the liquid in the high-pressure fire fighting vertical pipe.
In the embodiment, the flow of the compressed air foam bolt box 5-1 and the flow of the compressed air foam electric control intelligent gun 5-2 are automatically preset by the foam flow distribution valve 4 and can be regulated and controlled manually or electrically; an opening and closing valve and a compressed air foam gun are arranged in the compressed air foam bolt box 5-1 and are operated and used by professional firefighters; the compressed air foam electric control intelligent gun 5-2 is preset to spray to the important fire-fighting part or the reserved area in the super high-rise building.
The compressed air foam plug box 5-1 is shown in fig. 3, and comprises a set of compressed air foam plugs arranged in a box body 5-1-1, wherein each compressed air foam plug comprises a movable hinge joint 5-1-2, a foam branch pipe 5-1-3, a fire hose reel 5-1-4, an opening and closing valve 5-1-5, a fire hose 5-1-6 and a compressed air foam gun 5-1-7. The fire hose reel 5-1-4 is fixed in the box body 5-1-1 through the movable joint 5-1-2, the fire hose 5-1-6 is arranged on the fire hose reel 5-1-4, one end of the fire hose 5-1-6 is connected with the foam gun 5-1-7, the other end of the fire hose 5-1-6 is connected with the outlet of the foam branch pipe 5-1-3 fixed on the box body 5-1 through the opening and closing valve 5-1-5, and the inlet of the foam branch pipe 5-1-3 extends out of the box body 5-1 to be communicated with the high-pressure fire riser 2;
the compressed air foam plug box 5-1 can also take the form of a common high pressure fire hose to increase the foam supply distance.
The foam flow distribution valve 4 adopts a Q945F-DN100 type electric ball valve or a valve with similar function, and can be quickly opened to a preset position I (full opening of the valve) after receiving a fire alarm signal, and the compressed air foam electric control intelligent gun is used for exhausting. When a firefighter does not use the compressed air foam plug box 5-1, gas and foam in a pipeline can be timely sprayed and released from the compressed air foam electric control intelligent gun 5-2, so that the phenomenon of liquid deposition and flow reduction in the foam caused by pressure holding or flow limiting is reduced to the greatest extent; when a fire fighter uses the compressed air foam bolt box 5-1, the foam flow distribution valve 4 can be remotely or on site adjusted to a preset position II (the opening is 5% -80%), the foam flow of the compressed air foam bolt box and the compressed air foam electric control intelligent gun is automatically controlled and distributed by regulating and controlling the flow path proportion of the compressed air foam bolt box and the compressed air foam electric control intelligent gun, and meanwhile, the actual pressure and the flow of the foam gun can be regulated in real time by automatically or manually regulating and controlling the opening of the valve.
The partition valve 3 adopts an electric signal control valve, such as an electric control ball valve or a butterfly valve.
The middle-low pressure fire pump 1-4 adopts a fire centrifugal pump or a variable frequency water pump, and the water outlet pressure is 0.6MPa-3.0MPa.
The high-pressure foam liquid pump 1-8 adopts a gear pump or a diaphragm pump or a plunger pump or a metering pump, and the foam liquid pressure is 0.4-3.0 Mpa.
The medium-high pressure air compressors 1-14 adopt screw air compressors or sliding vane air compressors, and the air supply pressure ranges from 0.6MPa to 3.0MPa.
The liquid regulating valves 1-12 are electric metering control valves, such as 381LSA type electric metering control valves.
The high-pressure gas flow regulating valves 1-18 are electric metering control valves, such as 381LSB electric metering control valves.
The foam mixed liquid flowmeter 1-11 adopts a liquid turbine flowmeter or an electromagnetic flowmeter or a vortex shedding flowmeter.
The high-pressure gas flowmeter 1-17 adopts a vortex shedding flowmeter or a turbine flowmeter.
The system controller adopts the industrial mature PLC control technology, such as CP1H type PLC of the ohm dragon company.
The high-pressure compressed air foam fire extinguishing system for the super high-rise building, provided by the embodiment, comprises the following steps of:
(1) Normal standby: normally, each partition valve is in a normally open state, and the combined compressed air foam release device 5 is in a standby state;
(2) And (3) starting a system: when a fire disaster occurs in the super high-rise building, a field personnel manually or automatically starts the fixed compressed air foam generating device 1A to supply foam to the high-pressure fire-fighting vertical pipe 2, and the compressed air foam electric control intelligent gun 5-2 positioned on the roof begins to exhaust; after receiving the fire alarm signal of a specific floor, the system controller immediately and rapidly opens the foam flow distribution valve 4 of the corresponding floor to a preset position I (full-open valve) to start exhausting from the compressed air foam electric control intelligent gun 5-2, so that when a fire fighter does not use the compressed air foam plug box 5-1, gas and foam in a pipeline can be timely sprayed and released from the compressed air foam electric control intelligent gun 5-2, and further the phenomenon of liquid deposition and flow reduction in the foam caused by pressure holding or flow limiting is reduced to the greatest extent. Meanwhile, the partition valves 3 of the fire extinguishing partition corresponding to the fire floor are quickly closed, so that the foam conveying response time is shortened, and the foam discharging speed is improved to the maximum extent;
(3) Stable foam supply: when a fire disaster is positioned on a low floor, the fixed compressed air foam generating device 1A stably outputs foam to the high-pressure fire fighting vertical pipe according to the set flow and the gas-liquid ratio, and then the foam is conveyed to the combined compressed air foam releasing device 5 for spraying; when a fire disaster is located on a high floor, the central controllers 1-13 in the fixed compressed air foam generating device 1A automatically adjust the flow and the gas-liquid ratio to set values through adjusting the opening of a valve and the rotating speed of a foam pump according to the back pressure of a foam output pipeline, continuously and stably output high-quality foam to the high-pressure fire fighting vertical pipe 2 according to set parameters, overcome the vertical long-distance high back pressure, and then convey the foam to the combined compressed air foam releasing device 5 for spraying. The flow and the gas-liquid ratio of the high-pressure compressed air foam generating device are adaptively controlled, so that stable foam supply to the high-pressure fire-fighting vertical pipe is ensured, meanwhile, the central controller 1-13 operates a gas-liquid ratio increasing program, when the foam supply height exceeds 200m, the central controller can be started, the gas-liquid ratio is controlled to gradually increase along with the foam supply time, the increment of the gas-liquid ratio per minute is 0.01-2.0, so that the foam supply amount is increased to push the deposited liquid in the high-pressure fire-fighting vertical pipe to be foamed and conveyed upwards, the liquid deposition in the high-pressure fire-fighting vertical pipe is reduced to the maximum extent, and the continuous stable foam supply of a high floor is obviously improved; the problems that liquid in the high-pressure fire-fighting vertical pipe is deposited continuously, the pressure is increased, and the effective foam supply is affected are solved;
(4) Spraying bubbles to extinguish fire. When the compressed air foam electric control intelligent gun 5-2 can be sprayed and covered on a fire source, the compressed air foam electric control intelligent gun 5-2 is regulated and controlled remotely or on site to effectively spray bubbles in time for extinguishing fire; when the compressed air foam electric control intelligent gun 5-2 cannot be sprayed to cover a fire source, fire is extinguished by using the compressed air foam gun 5-1-7 of the compressed air foam plug box 5-1 by fire fighters, the fire fighters firstly open the on-off valve 5-1-5 of the compressed air foam plug box 5-1, then remotely or on-site adjust the foam flow distribution valve 4 to a preset position II (opening 5% -80%), automatically control and distribute the foam flow of the compressed air foam plug box 5-1 and the compressed air foam electric control intelligent gun 5-2 by regulating and controlling the flow path proportion of the two foam flows, and simultaneously can automatically or manually regulate the opening of the valve to regulate the actual pressure and flow of the foam gun of the compressed air foam plug box in real time.
Example 2:
in example 2, as shown in fig. 4, the high-pressure compressed air foam-generating apparatus 1 employs a mobile compressed air foam-generating fire truck 1B, which is parked on a road near a building, communicates with a high-pressure fire hose 2 through a high-pressure fire hose 10, a high-pressure water pump adapter 6, and supplements water through a water supply pipe/fire hose 11.
In this embodiment, the arrangement mode of the high-pressure fire-fighting vertical pipe 2 is the same as that of embodiment 1, the combined compressed air foam release device 5 arranged in each floor is the same as that of embodiment 1, only the compressed air foam spray device 5-3 is arranged in the fire-extinguishing partition of the roof, the compressed air foam spray device 5-3 mainly aims at important protection of certain areas, as shown in fig. 5, the compressed air foam spray device 5-3 is specifically arranged on the top parapet 13-1 of the outer wall 13 of the super high-rise building, and foam is sprayed to the outer wall of the building by adopting compressed air foam spray holes or nozzles 5-3-1, so that a foam layer 12 can be formed and special protection is carried out on fire disasters of the outer wall of the building.
As shown in figure 5 of the drawings,
in the mobile compressed air foam generating fire truck 1B, the structure of high-pressure compressed air foam generation is the same as that of example 1.
In this embodiment 2, the specific application method is substantially similar to that of embodiment 1, and is specifically as follows:
(1) Normal standby: normally, each partition valve is in a normally open state, and the combined compressed air foam release device 5 is in a standby state;
(2) And (3) starting a system: when fire disaster occurs in the super high-rise building, the on-site personnel manually or automatically start the fixed compressed air foam generating device 1A to supply foam to the high-pressure fire fighting vertical pipe 2, and the compressed air foam spraying device 5-3 positioned at the roof begins to exhaust; after receiving the fire alarm signal of a specific floor, the system controller immediately and rapidly opens the foam flow distribution valve 4 of the corresponding floor to a preset position I (full-open valve) to start exhausting from the compressed air foam electric control intelligent gun 5-2, so that when a fire fighter does not use the compressed air foam plug box 5-1, gas and foam in a pipeline can be timely sprayed and released from the compressed air foam electric control intelligent gun 5-2, and further the phenomenon of liquid deposition and flow reduction in the foam caused by pressure holding or flow limiting is reduced to the greatest extent. Meanwhile, the partition valves 3 of the fire extinguishing partition corresponding to the fire floor are quickly closed, so that the foam conveying response time is shortened, and the foam discharging speed is improved to the maximum extent;
(3) Stable foam supply: when a fire disaster is positioned on a low floor, the fixed compressed air foam generating device 1A stably outputs foam to the high-pressure fire fighting vertical pipe according to the set flow and the gas-liquid ratio, and then the foam is conveyed to the combined compressed air foam releasing device 5 for spraying; when a fire disaster is located on a high floor, the central controllers 1-13 in the fixed compressed air foam generating device 1A automatically adjust the flow and the gas-liquid ratio to set values through adjusting the opening of a valve and the rotating speed of a foam pump according to the back pressure of a foam output pipeline, continuously and stably output high-quality foam to the high-pressure fire fighting vertical pipe 2 according to set parameters, overcome the vertical long-distance high back pressure, and then convey the foam to the combined compressed air foam releasing device 5 for spraying. The flow and the gas-liquid ratio of the high-pressure compressed air foam generating device are adaptively controlled, so that stable foam supply to the high-pressure fire-fighting vertical pipe is ensured, meanwhile, the central controller 1-13 operates a gas-liquid ratio increasing program, when the foam supply height exceeds 200m, the central controller can be started, the gas-liquid ratio is controlled to gradually increase along with the foam supply time, the increment of the gas-liquid ratio per minute is 0.01-2.0, so that the foam supply amount is increased to push the deposited liquid in the high-pressure fire-fighting vertical pipe to be foamed and conveyed upwards, the liquid deposition in the high-pressure fire-fighting vertical pipe is reduced to the maximum extent, and the continuous stable foam supply of a high floor is obviously improved; the problems that liquid in the high-pressure fire-fighting vertical pipe is deposited continuously, the pressure is increased, and the effective foam supply is affected are solved;
(4) Spraying bubbles to extinguish fire. When the compressed air foam electric control intelligent gun 5-2 can be sprayed and covered on a fire source, the compressed air foam electric control intelligent gun 5-2 is regulated and controlled remotely or on site to effectively spray bubbles in time for extinguishing fire; when the compressed air foam electric control intelligent gun 5-2 cannot be sprayed to cover a fire source, fire is extinguished by using the compressed air foam gun 5-1-7 of the compressed air foam plug box 5-1 by fire fighters, the fire fighters firstly open the on-off valve 5-1-5 of the compressed air foam plug box 5-1, then remotely or on-site adjust the foam flow distribution valve 4 to a preset position II (opening 5% -80%), automatically control and distribute the foam flow of the compressed air foam plug box 5-1 and the compressed air foam electric control intelligent gun 5-2 by regulating and controlling the flow path proportion of the two foam flows, and simultaneously can automatically or manually regulate the opening of the valve to regulate the actual pressure and flow of the foam gun of the compressed air foam plug box in real time.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A high-pressure compressed air foam fire extinguishing system for super high-rise buildings is characterized in that: the system comprises a high-pressure compressed air foam generating device (1), a high-pressure fire-fighting vertical pipe (2), a partition valve (3), a foam flow distribution valve (4), a combined compressed air foam releasing device (5) and a system controller;
the high-pressure compressed air foam generating device (1) is communicated with the high-pressure fire-fighting vertical pipe (2) through a high-pressure fire-fighting pipeline or a high-pressure fire-fighting water belt or a high-pressure water pump connector; the high-pressure compressed air foam generating device (1) is provided with a central controller (1-13), and the central controller (1-13) controls the gas-liquid ratio of foam to gradually increase along with the foam supplying time;
the high-pressure fire-fighting vertical pipe (2) is vertically arranged on the outer wall of the super high-rise building or in the super high-rise building, and is divided into a plurality of fire-extinguishing subareas by arranging subarea valves (3), and each subarea valve (3) is arranged at the top of the corresponding fire-extinguishing subarea;
each fire extinguishing partition comprises a plurality of floors, a set of combined compressed air foam release devices (5) are arranged in each floor, and the combined compressed air foam release devices (5) are communicated with the high-pressure fire-fighting vertical pipes (2) through fire-fighting pipelines and foam flow distribution valves (4);
the system controller is arranged in a fire control center of the super high-rise building, and is used for remotely controlling the opening and closing of each partition valve (3) and the opening and closing of the foam flow distribution valve (4).
2. The ultra high-rise building high-pressure compressed air foam fire suppression system of claim 1, wherein: the high-pressure compressed air foam generating device comprises a fire water tank (1-1) and a water supply pipeline provided with a water supply valve (1-2);
the foam liquid pump also comprises a foam liquid tank (1-5) and a foam liquid pipeline which is sequentially provided with a liquid supply valve (1-7), a high-pressure foam liquid pump (1-8) and a foam liquid flowmeter (1-9); the foam liquid pipeline is connected into the water supply pipeline to form a foam mixed liquid pipeline, and sequentially passes through a medium-low pressure fire pump (1-4), a foam mixed liquid flowmeter (1-11), a liquid regulating valve (1-12) and is connected into a gas-liquid mixer (1-19);
the high-pressure air-flow control device also comprises a medium-high pressure air compressor (1-14) and a high-pressure air supply pipeline which is sequentially provided with a high-pressure buffer air tank (1-15), a one-way valve (1-16), a high-pressure air flowmeter (1-17) and a high-pressure air flow regulating valve (1-18), wherein the high-pressure air supply pipeline is connected into the gas-liquid mixer (1-19);
the gas-liquid mixer (1-19) is used for gas-liquid mixing and is connected with the foam output port (1-20), and is communicated with the high-pressure fire-fighting vertical pipe (2) through the foam output port (1-20) to provide high-pressure compressed air foam for the high-pressure fire-fighting vertical pipe (2);
the high-pressure foam liquid pump (1-8) and the foam liquid flowmeter (1-9) of the foam liquid pipeline, the foam mixed liquid flowmeter (1-11) and the liquid regulating valve (1-12) of the foam mixed liquid pipeline, the high-pressure gas flowmeter (1-17) and the high-pressure gas flow regulating valve (1-18) of the high-pressure gas supply pipeline are connected through lines and control, the flow is automatically regulated to the set flow according to the back pressure of each pipeline, and the foam flow input into the high-pressure fire riser is ensured to be stable through self-adaptive control.
3. The ultra high-rise building high-pressure compressed air foam fire suppression system of claim 2, wherein: when the foam feeding height exceeds 200m, the central controller (1-13) starts the function of gradually increasing the air-liquid ratio along with the foam feeding time, and the increment of the air-liquid ratio per minute is 0.01-2.0.
4. The ultra high-rise building high-pressure compressed air foam fire suppression system according to any one of claims 1, wherein: the high-pressure compressed air foam generating device (1) adopts a fixed compressed air foam generating module (1A) or a movable compressed air foam generating fire truck (1B).
5. The ultra high-rise building high-pressure compressed air foam fire suppression system according to any one of claims 1, wherein: the combined compressed air foam release device adopts a combined mode of a compressed air foam bolt box (5-1) and a compressed air foam electric control intelligent gun (5-2) or a compressed air foam spraying device (5-3), and the flow of the compressed air foam bolt box (5-1) and the flow of the compressed air foam electric control intelligent gun (5-2) are automatically preset by a foam flow distribution valve (4) and are regulated and controlled manually or electrically.
6. The ultra high-rise building high-pressure compressed air foam fire suppression system of claim 5, wherein: the compressed air foam bolt box (5-1) comprises a box body (5-1-1) and a set of compressed air foam bolts arranged in the box body (5-1-1), wherein each compressed air foam bolt comprises a movable hinge joint (5-1-2), a foam branch pipe (5-1-3), a fire hose reel (5-1-4), an opening and closing valve (5-1-5), a fire hose (5-1-6) and a compressed air foam gun (5-1-7); the fire hose reel (5-1-4) is fixed in the box body (5-1-1) through the movable hinge joint (5-1-2), and the fire hose (5-1-6) is arranged on the fire hose reel (5-1-4); one end of the fire hose (5-1-6) is connected with the foam gun (5-1-7), the other end is connected with an outlet of a foam branch pipe (5-1-3) fixed on the box body (5-1-1) through an opening and closing valve (5-1-5), and an inlet of the foam branch pipe (5-1-3) extends out of the box body (5-1-1) to be communicated with the high-pressure fire riser (2).
7. The ultra high-rise building high-pressure compressed air foam fire suppression system of claim 1, wherein: and a discharge valve (7) is arranged at the bottom of the high-pressure fire-fighting vertical pipe, and overpressure foam or pipeline residual liquid is discharged to a sewage well (9) through the discharge valve (7).
8. A fire extinguishing application method using the high-pressure compressed air foam fire extinguishing system for super high-rise buildings according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that:
s1, normally standby: under normal conditions, each partition valve (3) is in a normally open state, and the combined compressed air foam release device (5) is in a standby state;
s2, starting a system: when a fire disaster occurs in the super high-rise building, a field personnel starts the high-pressure compressed air foam generating device (1) to supply foam to the high-pressure fire-fighting vertical pipe (2), and the compressed air foam electric control intelligent gun (5-2) or the compressed air foam spraying device (5-3) in the combined compressed air foam releasing device (5) positioned in the roof fire extinguishing partition starts to exhaust; after receiving fire alarm signals of specific floors, the system controller opens foam flow distribution valves (4) of corresponding floors to a preset position I, the valves are fully opened, air exhaust is started from compressed air foam electric control intelligent cannons (5-2) in a combined compressed air foam release device (5), and partition valves (3) of fire extinguishing partitions corresponding to the fire floors are quickly closed;
s3, stable foam supply: when a fire disaster is positioned at a low floor, the high-pressure compressed air foam generating device (1) stably outputs foam to the high-pressure fire fighting vertical pipe (2) according to a set flow and a gas-liquid ratio, and then the foam is conveyed to the combined compressed air foam releasing device (5) for spraying; when a fire disaster is positioned on a high floor, the high-pressure compressed air foam generating device (1) automatically adjusts the flow and the gas-liquid ratio to set values through adjusting the opening of a valve and the rotating speed of a foam pump by a central controller (1-13) according to the back pressure of a foam output pipeline, continuously and stably outputs high-quality foam to a high-pressure fire-fighting vertical pipe (2) according to set parameters, and after overcoming the vertical long-distance high back pressure, the high-pressure compressed air foam generating device is conveyed to a combined compressed air foam releasing device (5) for spraying; the gas-liquid ratio of the foam is controlled by the central controller (1-13) to gradually increase along with the foam supply time;
s4, spraying bubbles to extinguish fire: when the compressed air foam electric control intelligent gun (5-2) is sprayed and covered on a fire source, remotely or on-site regulating and controlling the compressed air foam electric control intelligent gun (5-2) to spray bubbles for extinguishing fire; when the compressed air foam electric control intelligent gun (5-2) cannot be sprayed and covered on a fire source, a foam gun of a compressed air foam bolt box (5-1) in a combined compressed air foam release device (5) is used for extinguishing fire, firstly, an opening and closing valve (5-1-5) of the compressed air foam bolt box (5-1) is opened, then a foam flow distribution valve (4) is remotely or on site adjusted to a preset position II, the opening is 5% -80%, the foam flow of the compressed air foam bolt box (5-1) and the compressed air foam electric control intelligent gun (5-2) is automatically controlled and distributed by adjusting and controlling the flow ratio of the flow paths of the compressed air foam bolt box and the compressed air foam electric control intelligent gun, and meanwhile, the actual pressure and the flow of the foam gun of the compressed air foam bolt box (5-1) can be adjusted in real time by automatically or manually adjusting the opening of the valve.
9. The fire extinguishing application method of the high-pressure compressed air foam fire extinguishing system for the super high-rise building according to claim 8, wherein: when the foam feeding height exceeds 200m, the central controller (1-13) starts a control program to control the gas-liquid ratio of the foam to gradually increase along with the foam feeding time, and the increment of the gas-liquid ratio per minute is 0.01-2.0.
10. The fire extinguishing application method of the high-pressure compressed air foam fire extinguishing system for the super high-rise building according to claim 8, wherein: the high-pressure compressed air foam generating device (1) adopts a fixed compressed air foam generating module (1A) and is arranged at the first floor of the super high-rise building or between fire-fighting equipment; or the fire engine (1B) is generated by adopting movable compressed air foam and is parked on a road nearby the building.
CN202310392488.6A 2023-04-13 2023-04-13 High-pressure compressed air foam fire extinguishing system for super high-rise building and application method Pending CN116392741A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117883743A (en) * 2024-03-15 2024-04-16 常州博瑞电力自动化设备有限公司 Compressed air foam fire extinguishing information feedback method and system based on electric communication

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117883743A (en) * 2024-03-15 2024-04-16 常州博瑞电力自动化设备有限公司 Compressed air foam fire extinguishing information feedback method and system based on electric communication

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