CN116388560B - High-gain bidirectional converter - Google Patents

High-gain bidirectional converter Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116388560B
CN116388560B CN202310641411.8A CN202310641411A CN116388560B CN 116388560 B CN116388560 B CN 116388560B CN 202310641411 A CN202310641411 A CN 202310641411A CN 116388560 B CN116388560 B CN 116388560B
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capacitor
switching tube
tube
field effect
voltage side
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CN116388560A (en
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乐卫平
林伟群
马泽鹤
毛元韬
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Shenzhen CSL Vacuum Science and Technology Co Ltd
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Shenzhen CSL Vacuum Science and Technology Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/06—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using resistors or capacitors, e.g. potential divider
    • H02M3/07—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using resistors or capacitors, e.g. potential divider using capacitors charged and discharged alternately by semiconductor devices with control electrode, e.g. charge pumps
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0067—Converter structures employing plural converter units, other than for parallel operation of the units on a single load
    • H02M1/007—Plural converter units in cascade
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
  • Amplifiers (AREA)

Abstract

The application provides a high-gain bidirectional converter which comprises a low-voltage side filtering module; the first boosting module comprises a second capacitor, and the second capacitor is connected with the low-voltage side filtering module; the second boosting module comprises a third capacitor, and the third capacitor is connected with the first boosting module; the third boosting module comprises a fourth capacitor, and the fourth capacitor is connected with the second boosting module; the high-voltage side filtering module is used for being connected with the high-voltage side and also connected with the fourth capacitor; in a charging state, the high-voltage side and high-voltage side filter modules charge the second capacitor, the third capacitor and the fourth capacitor, and the second capacitor, the third capacitor and the fourth capacitor charge the low-voltage side filter modules; in a discharging state, the low-voltage side filtering module charges the second capacitor, the third capacitor and the fourth capacitor, and the second capacitor, the third capacitor and the fourth capacitor charge the high-voltage side filtering module, so that the problem that the high-gain bidirectional converter generates more surge current in operation is solved.

Description

High-gain bidirectional converter
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of converters, in particular to a high-gain bidirectional converter.
Background
Switched Capacitor (SC) bi-directional converters are becoming more and more widely used in various fields, such as electric vehicle systems, industrial switched mode power supplies, and vacuum cavity systems, due to their lack of magnetic elements and high efficiency. In some current variants of SC bidirectional converters, high gain characteristics can be achieved, but more surge current is generated during potential conversion or stable operation.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a high-gain bidirectional converter aiming at the problem that the high-gain bidirectional converter can generate more surge current during potential conversion or stable operation.
To achieve the purpose, the application adopts the following technical scheme: a high gain bi-directional converter comprising:
the low-voltage side filtering module is used for being connected with the low-voltage side;
the first boosting module comprises a second capacitor, and the second capacitor is connected with the low-voltage side filtering module;
the second boosting module comprises a third capacitor, and the third capacitor is connected with the first boosting module;
the third boosting module comprises a fourth capacitor, and the fourth capacitor is connected with the second boosting module;
the high-voltage side filtering module is used for being connected with the high-voltage side and also connected with the fourth capacitor;
in a charging state, the high-voltage side and high-voltage side filter modules charge the second capacitor, the third capacitor and the fourth capacitor, and the second capacitor, the third capacitor and the fourth capacitor charge the low-voltage side filter modules;
and in a discharging state, the low-voltage side filtering module charges the second capacitor, the third capacitor and the fourth capacitor, and the second capacitor, the third capacitor and the fourth capacitor charge the high-voltage side filtering module.
Preferably, the second boost module further includes a third switching tube, a fifth switching tube and a seventh switching tube.
The first end of the seventh switching tube is connected with the first end of the second capacitor, the second end of the seventh switching tube is connected with the first end of the third capacitor and the first end of the fifth switching tube, the second end of the fifth switching tube is connected with the second end of the second capacitor, the second end of the third capacitor is connected with the second end of the third switching tube, and the first end of the third switching tube is connected with the first boosting module.
Preferably, the third boost module further comprises a fourth switching tube, a sixth switching tube and an eighth switching tube.
The first end of the eighth switching tube is connected with the first end of the second capacitor, the second end of the eighth switching tube is connected with the first end of the fourth capacitor and the second end of the sixth switching tube, the first end of the sixth switching tube is connected with the second end of the third capacitor, the second end of the fourth capacitor is connected with the second end of the fourth switching tube, and the first end of the fourth switching tube is connected with the first end of the third switching tube.
Preferably, the first boost module further comprises a first switch tube and a second switch tube; the first end of the first switch tube is connected with the first end of the second capacitor, the second end of the second capacitor is connected with the second end of the second switch tube, and the first end of the second switch tube is connected with the second end of the first switch tube and the first end of the third switch tube.
Preferably, the low-voltage side filtering module includes a first capacitor and a first inductor.
The first end of the first capacitor is connected with the first end of the first inductor, the second end of the first inductor is connected with the first end of the second capacitor, and the second end of the first capacitor is connected with the second end of the first switch tube; and two ends of the first capacitor are connected with the low-voltage side.
Preferably, the high-voltage side filtering module comprises a second inductor and a fifth capacitor; the first end of the second inductor is connected with the second end of the fourth capacitor, the second end of the second inductor is connected with the second end of the fifth capacitor, and the first end of the fifth capacitor is connected with the first end of the fourth switching tube; the high voltage side is connected with two ends of the fifth capacitor.
Preferably, when the converter is operated in the charging state, the converter is operated in the first charging mode and the second charging mode sequentially in one period.
First charging mode: the second switch tube, the third switch tube and the fourth switch tube are conducted, the high-voltage side charges the fifth capacitor, the high-voltage side charges the second inductor through the fourth switch tube, and the fourth capacitor charges the first inductor and the first capacitor through the body diode of the eighth switch tube and the fourth switch tube; the third capacitor charges the first inductor and the first capacitor through a body diode of the seventh switching tube and the third switching tube; the second capacitor charges the first inductor and the first capacitor through the second switch tube.
Second charging mode: the high-voltage side and the second inductor charge the second capacitor, the third capacitor and the fourth capacitor through the body diode of the first switching tube, the body diode of the fifth switching tube and the body diode of the sixth switching tube, and the first inductor charges the first capacitor through the body diode of the first switching tube.
Preferably, when the inverter is operated in the discharge state, the inverter is operated in the first discharge mode and the second discharge mode sequentially in one cycle.
A first discharge mode: the first switch tube is conducted, and the low-voltage side charges the first inductor through the first switch tube; the fifth switching tube and the sixth switching tube are conducted, and the second capacitor, the third capacitor and the fourth capacitor pair the second inductor and the fifth capacitor through the first switching tube, the fifth switching tube and the sixth switching tube.
Second discharge mode: the seventh switching tube and the eighth switching tube are conducted, the body diode of the second switching tube, the body diode of the third switching tube and the body diode of the fourth switching tube are conducted by forward voltage drop, the low-voltage side and the first inductor charge the second capacitor through the body diode of the second switching tube, and the low-voltage side and the first inductor charge the third capacitor through the body diodes of the seventh switching tube and the third switching tube; the low-voltage side and the first inductor charge the fourth capacitor through the body diodes of the eighth switching tube and the fourth switching tube; the first inductor freewheels, and the second inductor charges the fifth capacitor through the body diode of the fourth switching tube.
Preferably, the first switch tube is a field effect tube, the first end of the first switch tube is a drain electrode of the field effect tube, the second end of the first switch tube is a source electrode of the field effect tube, and the third end of the first switch tube is a grid electrode of the field effect tube;
the second switching tube is a field effect tube, the first end of the second switching tube is a drain electrode of the field effect tube, the second end of the second switching tube is a source electrode of the field effect tube, and the third end of the second switching tube is a grid electrode of the field effect tube;
the third switching tube is a field effect tube, the first end of the third switching tube is a drain electrode of the field effect tube, the second end of the third switching tube is a source electrode of the field effect tube, and the third end of the third switching tube is a grid electrode of the field effect tube;
the fourth switching tube is a field effect tube, the first end of the fourth switching tube is a drain electrode of the field effect tube, the second end of the fourth switching tube is a source electrode of the field effect tube, and the third end of the fourth switching tube is a grid electrode of the field effect tube;
the fifth switching tube is a field effect tube, the first end of the fifth switching tube is a drain electrode of the field effect tube, the second end of the fifth switching tube is a source electrode of the field effect tube, and the third end of the fifth switching tube is a grid electrode of the field effect tube;
the sixth switching tube is a field effect tube, the first end of the sixth switching tube is a drain electrode of the field effect tube, the second end of the sixth switching tube is a source electrode of the field effect tube, and the third end of the sixth switching tube is a grid electrode of the field effect tube;
the seventh switching tube is a field effect tube, the first end of the seventh switching tube is a drain electrode of the field effect tube, the second end of the seventh switching tube is a source electrode of the field effect tube, and the third end of the seventh switching tube is a grid electrode of the field effect tube;
the eighth switching tube is a field effect tube, the first end of the eighth switching tube is a drain electrode of the field effect tube, the second end of the eighth switching tube is a source electrode of the field effect tube, and the third end of the eighth switching tube is a grid electrode of the field effect tube.
Preferably, the voltage gain of the converter in the charged state isThe method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the In (1) the->For the voltage across the low-voltage side, +.>For the voltage across the high-voltage side, +.>Is the duty cycle of the second switching tube in the charged state.
Preferably, the voltage gain of the converter in the discharge state isThe method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the In (1) the->For the voltage across the low-voltage side, +.>For the voltage across the high-voltage side, +.>Is the duty cycle of the first switching tube in the discharge state.
The high-gain bidirectional converter has high boosting ratio in a discharging state and a charging state; the high-voltage side of the converter can be a high-voltage direct-current cavity, the low-voltage side is a super capacitor, the load is connected with the high-voltage side, the high-voltage direct-current cavity supplies power to the load in a charging stage, meanwhile, the super capacitor is supplied with power through the converter, the super capacitor discharges reversely in a discharging stage, and the super capacitor supplies electric potential of the high-voltage direct-current cavity equivalent to high-voltage direct current through the converter, so that continuous and stable power supply to the load is formed. The low-voltage side can also be a low-voltage direct current cavity, and when the high-voltage side does not supply power, the low-voltage side is subjected to boost conversion to supply power to the load; at least one capacitor (second capacitor, third capacitor or fourth capacitor) exists in each path in the charging stage and the discharging stage, so that the problem of surge current in the filter capacitor can be solved.
Drawings
The application will now be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and to specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a topology of a high-gain bidirectional converter according to the present application.
Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of an operation of the high-gain bidirectional converter in a first charging mode according to the present application.
Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of an operation of the high-gain bidirectional converter in the second charging mode according to the present application.
Fig. 4 is a circuit diagram of an operation of the high-gain bidirectional converter in a first discharge mode according to the present application.
Fig. 5 is a circuit diagram of an operation of the high-gain bidirectional converter in the second discharging mode according to the present application.
Fig. 6 is a main waveform diagram of a high-gain bidirectional converter in a charging state in one cycle according to the present application.
Fig. 7 is a main waveform diagram of a high-gain bidirectional converter in a discharge state in one cycle according to the present application.
Reference numerals: VL, low side; VH, high side; l1, a first inductor; l2, a second inductor; c1, a first capacitor; c2, a second capacitor; c3, a third capacitor; c4, a fourth capacitor; c5, a fifth capacitor; s1, a first switching tube; s2, a second switching tube; s3, a third switching tube; s4, a fourth switching tube; s5, a fifth switching tube; s6, a sixth switching tube; s7, a seventh switching tube; s8, an eighth switching tube.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made apparent and fully in view of the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all embodiments of the application are shown. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
Referring to fig. 1, a high-gain bidirectional converter provided by an embodiment of the present application includes a low-voltage side filtering module, a first boosting module, a second boosting module, a third boosting module, and a high-voltage side filtering module, where the low-voltage side filtering module is connected to a low-voltage side VL, and the high-voltage side filtering module is connected to a high-voltage side VH.
The low-voltage side filtering module comprises a first capacitor C1 and a first inductor L1; the first end of the first capacitor C1 is connected with the first end of the first inductor L1, and two ends of the first capacitor C1 are connected with the low-voltage side VL.
The first boosting module comprises a second capacitor C2, a first switching tube S1 and a second switching tube S2; the first end of the first switch tube S1 and the second end of the first inductor L1 are connected with the first end of the second capacitor C2, the second end of the second capacitor C2 is connected with the second end of the second switch tube S2, and the first end of the second switch tube S2 and the second end of the first capacitor C1 are connected with the second end of the first switch tube S1.
The second boost module further comprises a third capacitor C3, a third switching tube S3, a fifth switching tube S5 and a seventh switching tube S7; the first end of the seventh switching tube S7 is connected with the first end of the second capacitor C2, the second end of the seventh switching tube S7 is connected with the first end of the third capacitor C3 and the first end of the fifth switching tube S5, the second end of the fifth switching tube S5 is connected with the second end of the second capacitor C2, the second end of the third capacitor C3 is connected with the second end of the third switching tube S3, and the first end of the third switching tube S3 is connected with the first end of the second switching tube S2.
The third boosting module further comprises a fourth capacitor C4, a fourth switching tube S4, a sixth switching tube S6 and an eighth switching tube S8; the first end of the eighth switching tube S8 is connected with the first end of the second capacitor C2, the second end of the eighth switching tube S8 is connected with the first end of the fourth capacitor C4 and the first end of the sixth switching tube S6, the second end of the sixth switching tube S6 is connected with the second end of the third capacitor C3, the second end of the fourth capacitor C4 is connected with the second end of the fourth switching tube S4, and the first end of the fourth switching tube S4 is connected with the first end of the third switching tube S3.
The high-voltage side filtering module comprises a second inductor L2 and a fifth capacitor C5; the first end of the second inductor L2 is connected with the second end of the fourth capacitor C4, the second end of the second inductor L2 is connected with the second end of the fifth capacitor C5, and the first end of the fifth capacitor C5 is connected with the first end of the fourth switching tube S4; the high-voltage side VH is connected to both ends of the fifth capacitor C5.
The first switch tube S1 is a field effect tube, the first end of the first switch tube S1 is a drain electrode of the field effect tube, the second end of the first switch tube S1 is a source electrode of the field effect tube, and the third end of the first switch tube S1 is a grid electrode of the field effect tube.
The second switching tube S2 is a field effect tube, the first end of the second switching tube S2 is a drain electrode of the field effect tube, the second end of the second switching tube S2 is a source electrode of the field effect tube, and the third end of the second switching tube S2 is a grid electrode of the field effect tube.
The third switching tube S3 is a field effect tube, the first end of the third switching tube S3 is a drain electrode of the field effect tube, the second end of the third switching tube S3 is a source electrode of the field effect tube, and the third end of the third switching tube S3 is a grid electrode of the field effect tube.
The fourth switching tube S4 is a field effect tube, the first end of the fourth switching tube S4 is a drain electrode of the field effect tube, the second end of the fourth switching tube S4 is a source electrode of the field effect tube, and the third end of the fourth switching tube S4 is a grid electrode of the field effect tube.
The fifth switching tube S5 is a field effect tube, the first end of the fifth switching tube S5 is a drain electrode of the field effect tube, the second end of the fifth switching tube S5 is a source electrode of the field effect tube, and the third end of the fifth switching tube S5 is a grid electrode of the field effect tube.
The sixth switching tube S6 is a field effect tube, the first end of the sixth switching tube S6 is a drain electrode of the field effect tube, the second end of the sixth switching tube S6 is a source electrode of the field effect tube, and the third end of the sixth switching tube S6 is a grid electrode of the field effect tube.
The seventh switching tube S7 is a field effect tube, the first end of the seventh switching tube S7 is a drain electrode of the field effect tube, the second end of the seventh switching tube S7 is a source electrode of the field effect tube, and the third end of the seventh switching tube S7 is a grid electrode of the field effect tube.
The eighth switching tube S8 is a field effect tube, the first end of the eighth switching tube S8 is a drain electrode of the field effect tube, the second end of the eighth switching tube S8 is a source electrode of the field effect tube, and the third end of the eighth switching tube S8 is a grid electrode of the field effect tube.
In this embodiment, the first capacitor C1, the second capacitor C2, the third capacitor C3, the fourth capacitor C4 and the fifth capacitor C5 are all non-polar capacitors.
When the high-gain bidirectional converter works in a charging state, the converter works in a first charging mode and a second charging mode in one period.
As shown in fig. 2, when the high-gain bidirectional converter works in the first charging mode, the second switching tube S2, the third switching tube S3 and the fourth switching tube S4 are turned on, the high-voltage side VH charges the fifth capacitor C5, the high-voltage side VH charges the second inductor L2 through the fourth switching tube S4, and the fourth capacitor C4 charges the first inductor L1 and the first capacitor C1 through the body diode of the eighth switching tube S8 and the fourth switching tube S4; the third capacitor C3 charges the first inductor L1 and the first capacitor C1 through a body diode of the seventh switching tube S7 and the third switching tube S3; the second capacitor C2 charges the first inductor L1 and the first capacitor C1 through the second switching tube S2, and the first charging mode ends.
As shown in fig. 3, when the high-gain bidirectional converter is operated in the second charging mode, the high-voltage side VH and the second inductor L2 charge the second capacitor C2, the third capacitor C3 and the fourth capacitor C4 through the body diode of the first switching tube S1, the body diode of the fifth switching tube S5 and the body diode of the sixth switching tube S6, and the first inductor L1 continuously charges the first capacitor C1 through the body diode freewheeling of the first switching tube S1, so that the second charging mode is ended.
Fig. 6 is a main waveform diagram of the high-gain bidirectional converter provided by the application in a charging state in a period TS, wherein VGS is gate-source voltages of the second switching tube S2, the third switching tube S3 and the fourth switching tube S4, VC1 is a voltage of the first capacitor C1, VC5 is a voltage of the fifth capacitor C5, IL1 is a current of the first inductor L1, d2 is a duty ratio of the second switching tube S2, and duty ratios of the second switching tube S2, the third switching tube S3 and the fourth switching tube S4 are equal. In fig. 6, the time period t0-t1 corresponds to the first charging mode, and the time period t1-t2 corresponds to the second charging mode.
In a charged state, when the high-gain bidirectional converter is in a steady state, the working periods of the second switching tube S2, the third switching tube S3 and the fourth switching tube S4 are set asT S ，d 2 For the duty ratio of the second switching tube S2, the duty ratios of the second switching tube S2, the third switching tube S3 and the fourth switching tube S4 are equal, and in the first charging mode, the following relationship can be obtained by combining the circuit diagram of fig. 2 and using the KCL and KVL theorem:
；
in the method, in the process of the application,V L1 at the voltage of the first inductance L1,V L2 at the voltage of the second inductance L2,V H to be the voltage across the high voltage side VH,V L is the voltage across the low-side VL,V C2 at the voltage of the second capacitor C2,V C3 for the voltage of the third capacitor C3,V C4 the voltage of the fourth capacitor C4.
In the second charging mode, the following relationship can be obtained by combining the circuit diagram of fig. 3 and using KCL and KVL theorem:
；
in the method, in the process of the application,V L1 at the voltage of the first inductance L1,V L2 at the voltage of the second inductance L2,V H to be the voltage across the high voltage side VH,V L is the voltage across the low-side VL,V C2 at the voltage of the second capacitor C2,V C3 for the voltage of the third capacitor C3,V C4 the voltage of the fourth capacitor C4.
By applying a volt-second balance to the first inductance L1 and the second inductance L2, a high gain bi-directional converter is obtained in steady state with the following relationship:
；
in the method, in the process of the application,V C2 at the voltage of the second capacitor C2,V C3 for the voltage of the third capacitor C3,V C4 for the voltage of the fourth capacitor C4,V H is the voltage across the high side VH.
Therefore, the gain of the voltage of the high-gain bidirectional converter in the charging state can be deduced as follows:
；
in the method, in the process of the application,M chg for the gain of the voltage of the high-gain bi-directional converter in the charged state,V H is the voltage across the high voltage side VH，V L For both ends of the low-voltage side VLA voltage.
When the high-gain bidirectional converter works in a discharge state, the converter sequentially works in a first discharge mode and a second discharge mode in one period.
As shown in fig. 4, when a high-gain bidirectional converter operates in a first discharging mode, the first switching tube S1 is turned on, and the low-voltage side VL charges the first inductor L1 through the first switching tube S1; the fifth switching tube S5 and the sixth switching tube S6 are conducted, the second capacitor C2, the third capacitor C3 and the fourth capacitor C4 are connected with the second inductor L2 and the fifth capacitor C5 through the first switching tube S1, the fifth switching tube S5 and the sixth switching tube S6, and the first discharging mode is finished.
As shown in fig. 5, when a high-gain bidirectional converter operates in the second discharging mode, the seventh switching tube S7 and the eighth switching tube S8 are turned on, the body diode of the second switching tube S2, the body diode of the third switching tube S3 and the body diode of the fourth switching tube S4 are turned on by a forward voltage drop, the low-voltage side VL and the first inductor L1 charge the second capacitor C2 through the body diode of the second switching tube S2, and the low-voltage side VL and the first inductor L1 charge the third capacitor C3 through the seventh switching tube S7 and the body diode of the third switching tube S3; the low-voltage side VL and the first inductor L1 charge a fourth capacitor C4 through the body diodes of the eighth switching tube S8 and the fourth switching tube S4; the first inductor L1 freewheels, the second inductor L2 charges the fifth capacitor C5 through the body diode of the fourth switching tube S4, and the second discharging mode ends.
Fig. 7 is a main waveform diagram of the high-gain bidirectional converter provided by the application in a period TS under a discharge state, where VGS is gate-source voltages of the second switching tube S2, the third switching tube S3 and the fourth switching tube S4, VC1 is a voltage of the first capacitor C1, VC5 is a voltage of the fifth capacitor C5, IL1 is a current of the first inductor L1, d1 is a duty ratio of the first switching tube S1, and duty ratios of the first switching tube S1, the fifth switching tube S5 and the sixth switching tube S6 are equal. In fig. 7, the time period t1-t2 corresponds to the first charging mode, and the time period t2-t3 corresponds to the second charging mode. In a discharging state, when the high-gain bidirectional converter is in a steady state, the working periods of the first switching tube S1, the fifth switching tube S5 and the sixth switching tube S6 are set asT S ，d 1 As for the duty ratio of the first switching tube S1, the duty ratios of the first switching tube S1, the fifth switching tube S5 and the sixth switching tube S6 are equal, and in the first discharging mode, the following relationship can be obtained by combining the circuit diagram of fig. 4 and using the KCL and KVL theorem:
；
in the method, in the process of the application,V L1 at the voltage of the first inductance L1,V L2 at the voltage of the second inductance L2,V H to be the voltage across the high voltage side VH,V L is the voltage across the low-side VL,V C2 at the voltage of the second capacitor C2,V C3 for the voltage of the third capacitor C3,V C4 the voltage of the fourth capacitor C4.
In the second discharging mode, the seventh switching tube S7 and the eighth switching tube S8 are turned on, and the following relation is obtained by combining the circuit diagram of fig. 5 and using KCL and KVL theorem:
；
in the method, in the process of the application,V L1 at the voltage of the first inductance L1,V L2 at the voltage of the second inductance L2,V H to be the voltage across the high voltage side VH,V L is the voltage across the low-side VL,V C1 for the voltage of the first capacitor C1,V C2 at the voltage of the second capacitor C2,V C3 is the voltage of the third capacitor C3.
By applying a volt-second balance to the first inductance L1 and the second inductance L2, a high gain bi-directional converter is obtained in steady state with the following relationship:
；
in the method, in the process of the application,V C2 at the voltage of the second capacitor C2,V C3 for the voltage of the third capacitor C3,V C4 for the voltage of the fourth capacitor C4,V L is the voltage across the low side VL.
Therefore, the gain of the voltage of the high-gain bidirectional converter in the discharge state can be deduced as follows:
；
in the method, in the process of the application,M dchg is the gain of the voltage of the high-gain bidirectional converter in the discharge state,V L is the voltage across the low-side VL,V H is the voltage across the high side VH.
In summary, the high-gain bidirectional converter provided in the present embodiment has a high step-up ratio in both the discharging state and the charging state.
The high-voltage side VH of the converter may be a high-voltage direct-current cavity, the low-voltage side VL is a super capacitor, the load is connected with the high-voltage side VH, in the charging stage, the high-voltage direct-current cavity supplies power to the load, meanwhile, the high-voltage direct-current cavity supplies power to the super capacitor through the converter, in the discharging stage, the super capacitor is reversely discharged by the super capacitor, and the super capacitor supplies electric potential of the high-voltage direct current to the high-voltage direct-current cavity through the converter, so that continuous and stable power supply to the load is formed. The low-voltage side VL may be a low-voltage dc cavity, and when the high-voltage side VH does not supply power, the low-voltage side VL performs boost conversion and supplies power to the load.
When the converter is switched between the charging state and the discharging state, the former state is switched, but residual current is still present (the components in the former state are discharged) until the latter state works normally, i.e. no current is disconnected between the two states, so that the whole output current is continuous. That is, the low-voltage side VL and the high-voltage side VH of the converter have continuity in current, so that generated current ripple is small, further, the requirements on filter capacitance are reduced, and the life cycle of the super capacitor and the life cycle of the direct-current bus capacitor are improved. The filter capacitors are a first capacitor C1 and a fifth capacitor C5, the super capacitor and the dc bus current device are not shown in the drawing, generally, the dc bus is connected to the fifth capacitor C5, and the dc bus is configured with a dc bus capacitor.
In the converter provided in this embodiment, at least one capacitor (the second capacitor C2, the third capacitor C3 or the fourth capacitor C4) is present in each path during the charging phase and the discharging phase, so that the problem of the surge current in the filter capacitor can be solved.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art. In addition, the technical features of the different embodiments of the present application described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not collide with each other.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present application, and not for limiting the same; although the application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the application, and are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims and description.

Claims (8)

1. A high gain bi-directional converter, comprising:
the low-voltage side filtering module is used for being connected with the low-voltage side;
the first boosting module comprises a second capacitor, and the second capacitor is connected with the low-voltage side filtering module;
the second boosting module comprises a third capacitor, and the third capacitor is connected with the first boosting module;
the third boosting module comprises a fourth capacitor, and the fourth capacitor is connected with the second boosting module;
the high-voltage side filtering module is used for being connected with the high-voltage side and also connected with the fourth capacitor;
in a charging state, the high-voltage side and high-voltage side filter modules charge the second capacitor, the third capacitor and the fourth capacitor, and the second capacitor, the third capacitor and the fourth capacitor charge the low-voltage side filter modules;
in a discharging state, the low-voltage side filtering module charges the second capacitor, the third capacitor and the fourth capacitor, and the second capacitor, the third capacitor and the fourth capacitor charge the high-voltage side filtering module;
the second boosting module further comprises a third switching tube, a fifth switching tube and a seventh switching tube;
the first end of the seventh switching tube is connected with the first end of the second capacitor, the second end of the seventh switching tube is connected with the first end of the third capacitor and the first end of the fifth switching tube, the second end of the fifth switching tube is connected with the second end of the second capacitor, the second end of the third capacitor is connected with the second end of the third switching tube, and the first end of the third switching tube is connected with the first boosting module;
the third boosting module further comprises a fourth switching tube, a sixth switching tube and an eighth switching tube;
the first end of the eighth switching tube is connected with the first end of the second capacitor, the second end of the eighth switching tube is connected with the first end of the fourth capacitor and the first end of the sixth switching tube, the second end of the sixth switching tube is connected with the second end of the third capacitor, the second end of the fourth capacitor is connected with the second end of the fourth switching tube, and the first end of the fourth switching tube is connected with the first end of the third switching tube;
the first boosting module further comprises a first switching tube and a second switching tube; the first end of the first switch tube is connected with the first end of the second capacitor, the second end of the second capacitor is connected with the second end of the second switch tube, and the first end of the second switch tube is connected with the second end of the first switch tube and the first end of the third switch tube.
2. The high-gain bi-directional converter of claim 1 wherein said low-side filter module comprises a first capacitor and a first inductor;
the first end of the first capacitor is connected with the first end of the first inductor, the second end of the first inductor is connected with the first end of the second capacitor, and the second end of the first capacitor is connected with the second end of the first switch tube; and two ends of the first capacitor are connected with the low-voltage side.
3. The high-gain bi-directional converter of claim 2 wherein said high-side filter module comprises a second inductor and a fifth capacitor; the first end of the second inductor is connected with the second end of the fourth capacitor, the second end of the second inductor is connected with the second end of the fifth capacitor, and the first end of the fifth capacitor is connected with the first end of the fourth switching tube; the high voltage side is connected with two ends of the fifth capacitor.
4. A high gain bi-directional converter according to claim 3, wherein when the converter is operating in a charging state, the converter operates in a first charging mode and a second charging mode sequentially during a cycle;
first charging mode: the second switch tube, the third switch tube and the fourth switch tube are conducted, the high-voltage side charges the fifth capacitor, the high-voltage side charges the second inductor through the fourth switch tube, and the fourth capacitor charges the first inductor and the first capacitor through the body diode of the eighth switch tube and the fourth switch tube; the third capacitor charges the first inductor and the first capacitor through a body diode of the seventh switching tube and the third switching tube; the second capacitor charges the first inductor and the first capacitor through a second switching tube;
second charging mode: the high-voltage side and the second inductor charge the second capacitor, the third capacitor and the fourth capacitor through the body diode of the first switching tube, the body diode of the fifth switching tube and the body diode of the sixth switching tube, and the first inductor charges the first capacitor through the body diode of the first switching tube.
5. A high gain bi-directional converter according to claim 3, wherein when the converter is operated in a discharge state, the converter is operated in a first discharge mode and a second discharge mode sequentially in one cycle;
a first discharge mode: the first switch tube is conducted, and the low-voltage side charges the first inductor through the first switch tube; the fifth switching tube and the sixth switching tube are conducted, and the second capacitor, the third capacitor and the fourth capacitor pair the second inductor and the fifth capacitor through the first switching tube, the fifth switching tube and the sixth switching tube;
second discharge mode: the seventh switching tube and the eighth switching tube are conducted, the body diode of the second switching tube, the body diode of the third switching tube and the body diode of the fourth switching tube are conducted by forward voltage drop, the low-voltage side and the first inductor charge the second capacitor through the body diode of the second switching tube, and the low-voltage side and the first inductor charge the third capacitor through the body diodes of the seventh switching tube and the third switching tube; the low-voltage side and the first inductor charge the fourth capacitor through the body diodes of the eighth switching tube and the fourth switching tube; the first inductor freewheels, and the second inductor charges the fifth capacitor through the body diode of the fourth switching tube.
6. A high gain bi-directional converter according to any of claims 1-5, wherein,
the first switch tube is a field effect tube, the first end of the first switch tube is a drain electrode of the field effect tube, the second end of the first switch tube is a source electrode of the field effect tube, and the third end of the first switch tube is a grid electrode of the field effect tube;
the second switching tube is a field effect tube, the first end of the second switching tube is a drain electrode of the field effect tube, the second end of the second switching tube is a source electrode of the field effect tube, and the third end of the second switching tube is a grid electrode of the field effect tube;
the third switching tube is a field effect tube, the first end of the third switching tube is a drain electrode of the field effect tube, the second end of the third switching tube is a source electrode of the field effect tube, and the third end of the third switching tube is a grid electrode of the field effect tube;
the fourth switching tube is a field effect tube, the first end of the fourth switching tube is a drain electrode of the field effect tube, the second end of the fourth switching tube is a source electrode of the field effect tube, and the third end of the fourth switching tube is a grid electrode of the field effect tube;
the fifth switching tube is a field effect tube, the first end of the fifth switching tube is a drain electrode of the field effect tube, the second end of the fifth switching tube is a source electrode of the field effect tube, and the third end of the fifth switching tube is a grid electrode of the field effect tube;
the sixth switching tube is a field effect tube, the first end of the sixth switching tube is a drain electrode of the field effect tube, the second end of the sixth switching tube is a source electrode of the field effect tube, and the third end of the sixth switching tube is a grid electrode of the field effect tube;
the seventh switching tube is a field effect tube, the first end of the seventh switching tube is a drain electrode of the field effect tube, the second end of the seventh switching tube is a source electrode of the field effect tube, and the third end of the seventh switching tube is a grid electrode of the field effect tube;
the eighth switching tube is a field effect tube, the first end of the eighth switching tube is a drain electrode of the field effect tube, the second end of the eighth switching tube is a source electrode of the field effect tube, and the third end of the eighth switching tube is a grid electrode of the field effect tube.
7. A high gain bi-directional converter according to claim 3, wherein the voltage gain of said converter in the charged state isThe method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the In (1) the->For the voltage across the low-voltage side, +.>For the voltage across the high-voltage side, +.>Is the duty cycle of the second switching tube in the charged state.
8. A high gain bi-directional converter according to claim 3, wherein the voltage gain of said converter in the discharged state isThe method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the In (1) the->For the voltage across the low-voltage side, +.>For the voltage across the high-voltage side, +.>Is the duty cycle of the first switching tube in the discharge state.
CN202310641411.8A 2023-06-01 2023-06-01 High-gain bidirectional converter Active CN116388560B (en)

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