CN116388499B - Stator modularized bilateral permanent magnet excitation type magnetic field modulation wind driven generator - Google Patents
Stator modularized bilateral permanent magnet excitation type magnetic field modulation wind driven generator Download PDFInfo
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- CN116388499B CN116388499B CN202310601135.2A CN202310601135A CN116388499B CN 116388499 B CN116388499 B CN 116388499B CN 202310601135 A CN202310601135 A CN 202310601135A CN 116388499 B CN116388499 B CN 116388499B
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- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 230000002146 bilateral effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000001976 improved effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000976 Electrical steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QJVKUMXDEUEQLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [B].[Fe].[Nd] Chemical compound [B].[Fe].[Nd] QJVKUMXDEUEQLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001172 neodymium magnet Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
- F03D9/20—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
- F03D9/25—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/14—Stator cores with salient poles
- H02K1/146—Stator cores with salient poles consisting of a generally annular yoke with salient poles
- H02K1/148—Sectional cores
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/17—Stator cores with permanent magnets
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
- H02K1/2786—Outer rotors
- H02K1/2787—Outer rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
- H02K1/2789—Outer rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
- H02K1/2791—Surface mounted magnets; Inset magnets
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
- H02K21/02—Details
- H02K21/021—Means for mechanical adjustment of the excitation flux
- H02K21/022—Means for mechanical adjustment of the excitation flux by modifying the relative position between field and armature, e.g. between rotor and stator
- H02K21/025—Means for mechanical adjustment of the excitation flux by modifying the relative position between field and armature, e.g. between rotor and stator by varying the thickness of the air gap between field and armature
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
- H02K21/02—Details
- H02K21/021—Means for mechanical adjustment of the excitation flux
- H02K21/028—Means for mechanical adjustment of the excitation flux by modifying the magnetic circuit within the field or the armature, e.g. by using shunts, by adjusting the magnets position, by vectorial combination of field or armature sections
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K3/00—Details of windings
- H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
- H02K3/28—Layout of windings or of connections between windings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K3/00—Details of windings
- H02K3/46—Fastening of windings on the stator or rotor structure
- H02K3/52—Fastening salient pole windings or connections thereto
- H02K3/521—Fastening salient pole windings or connections thereto applicable to stators only
- H02K3/522—Fastening salient pole windings or connections thereto applicable to stators only for generally annular cores with salient poles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K2201/00—Specific aspects not provided for in the other groups of this subclass relating to the magnetic circuits
- H02K2201/03—Machines characterised by aspects of the air-gap between rotor and stator
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K2201/00—Specific aspects not provided for in the other groups of this subclass relating to the magnetic circuits
- H02K2201/15—Sectional machines
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
- H02K2213/12—Machines characterised by the modularity of some components
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)
- Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of wind driven generators, and discloses a stator modularized bilateral permanent magnet excitation type magnetic field modulation wind driven generator which sequentially comprises a wind wheel, a rotor and a stator from outside to inside. The stator adopts a sectional modular design, each stator module consists of a stator yoke part, stator teeth, stator auxiliary teeth, a non-magnetic conductive block, a radial magnetizing permanent magnet, a tangential magnetizing permanent magnet, an iron core block and a winding, wherein the non-magnetic conductive block, the radial magnetizing permanent magnet, the tangential magnetizing permanent magnet and the iron core block are all arranged in the stator teeth, and the winding is wound on the stator teeth; the rotor consists of a rotor yoke part, rotor teeth and rotor permanent magnets; the rotor is directly connected with the wind wheel, thereby realizing direct drive. The motor machining and assembling difficulty can be effectively reduced through the modularized stator; by utilizing the modulation effect of the stator teeth on the magnetic field of the rotor permanent magnet and the modulation effect of the rotor teeth on the magnetic field of the stator permanent magnet, the bidirectional magnetic field modulation effect is introduced, and the power density of the wind driven generator is greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wind driven generators, and particularly relates to a stator modularized bilateral permanent magnet excitation type magnetic field modulation wind driven generator.
Background
In recent years, wind power generation has been developed very rapidly as a new energy power generation project which is generally focused at home and abroad. Wind power technology gradually extends from land to sea because of the abundance of offshore wind resources and no limitation of land use.
At present, an offshore wind driven generator mostly adopts an asynchronous generator, and is matched with mechanical components such as a gear box, a coupling and the like to be connected with a wind wheel to realize transmission. However, gearboxes suffer from a series of problems such as being prone to overload, high failure rates, high vibration and noise levels, and the like.
In order to solve the problem, the permanent magnet direct-drive wind driven generator is proposed and gradually applied, an intermediate transmission link of a gear box can be omitted, the reliability and the transmission efficiency of the wind driven generator set are effectively improved, and meanwhile, the maintenance cost is reduced.
However, in order to improve the power generation efficiency, the number of poles of the permanent magnet of the conventional permanent magnet direct-drive wind power generator is generally large, so that the wind power generator is huge, and great difficulty is brought to processing and assembly.
In addition, the overlarge volume of the wind driven generator also causes the power density of the permanent magnet direct drive wind driven generator to be generally lower.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a stator modularized bilateral permanent magnet excitation type magnetic field modulation wind driven generator, which is used for reducing the processing and assembling difficulties of the wind driven generator and improving the power density of the wind driven generator.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a stator modularized bilateral permanent magnet excitation type magnetic field modulation wind driven generator comprises a stator, a rotor and a wind wheel; the wind wheel is positioned at the outer side of the rotor and is connected with the rotor; the stator is positioned on the inner side of the rotor;
the stator is composed of at least three stator modules adopting arc structures;
each stator module is uniformly distributed along one circumferential direction of the inner side of the rotor;
the structures of the stator modules are the same; each stator module comprises a stator yoke part, stator teeth, stator auxiliary teeth, a non-magnetic conductive block, a radial magnetizing permanent magnet, a tangential magnetizing permanent magnet, an iron core block and a winding;
the stator yoke part adopts a circular arc structure;
the number of the stator teeth in each stator module is multiple, and the number of the stator auxiliary teeth is two;
each stator tooth in the same stator module is uniformly arranged along the arc direction of a stator yoke part in the stator module, and the inner end of each stator tooth is connected with the outer side of the stator yoke part;
each stator auxiliary tooth in the same stator module is respectively and correspondingly arranged at one end part of a stator yoke part in the stator module, and the inner end of each stator auxiliary tooth is connected with the outer side of the stator yoke part;
all stator teeth in the same stator module are positioned between two stator auxiliary teeth in the stator module;
the structure forms of the stator teeth are the same, and a non-magnetic conductive block, a radial magnetizing permanent magnet, two tangential magnetizing permanent magnets and an iron core block are arranged in each stator tooth;
the two tangential magnetizing permanent magnets are respectively positioned on a group of opposite side parts of the stator teeth, are both long-strip-shaped and are arranged in parallel;
the radial magnetizing permanent magnet is positioned at the outer end part of the stator tooth and is square;
the radial magnetizing permanent magnets are positioned between the corresponding outer end sides of the two tangential magnetizing permanent magnets in the same stator tooth, and form inverted U-shaped permanent magnet arrangement with the two tangential magnetizing permanent magnets;
the iron core blocks inside the same stator tooth are placed in an inverted U-shaped area formed by combining the radial magnetizing permanent magnets and the tangential magnetizing permanent magnets inside the stator tooth;
the non-magnetic conductive block is arranged at the inner end part of the stator teeth and is used for supporting the tangential magnetizing permanent magnet and the iron core block and preventing the tangential magnetizing permanent magnet from magnetic leakage;
the rotor comprises a rotor yoke, rotor teeth and rotor permanent magnets;
the rotor yoke part is in a circular ring shape, a plurality of rotor teeth are arranged uniformly along the circumferential direction of the inner side of the rotor yoke part; a rotor permanent magnet is arranged between every two adjacent rotor teeth.
The magnetizing directions of the two tangential magnetizing permanent magnets inside each stator tooth are opposite;
the method comprises the following steps: and in the two tangential magnetizing permanent magnets in the same stator tooth, the magnetizing direction of any one tangential magnetizing permanent magnet faces to the other tangential magnetizing permanent magnet.
The magnetizing direction of the radial magnetizing permanent magnet is radial outward.
The magnetizing direction of the rotor permanent magnet is radial outward.
The windings adopt a non-overlapping concentrated winding form;
the windings of the phases of the stator modules are connected in series to form a complete three-phase winding.
The invention has the following advantages:
as described above, the invention relates to a stator modularized bilateral permanent magnet excitation type magnetic field modulation wind driven generator, which reduces the processing and assembling difficulty by adopting a modularized stator; according to the invention, the permanent magnets are simultaneously arranged on the stator side and the rotor side, so that the air gap flux density amplitude is greatly improved, and the inverted U-shaped permanent magnets are arranged on the stator side, so that the magnetic focusing effect can be realized, and the magnetomotive force is effectively improved; in addition, the non-magnetic conductive material in the stator teeth plays a role of magnetic barrier, and can effectively prevent the tangential magnetization permanent magnet from magnetic leakage; according to the invention, the modulation effect of the stator teeth on the magnetic field of the rotor permanent magnet and the modulation effect of the rotor teeth on the magnetic field of the stator permanent magnet are utilized simultaneously, so that a bidirectional magnetic field modulation effect is introduced, a large amount of air-gap magnetic field working harmonic waves are generated, and the pole pair matching relationship between the winding and the permanent magnet can be broken by utilizing the air-gap magnetic field harmonic waves, so that the wind driven generator still keeps smaller volume under the condition of high pole pair of the permanent magnet; on the other hand, the power output can be greatly improved by utilizing abundant air gap magnetic field harmonic waves, so that the power density of the generator is effectively improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional structure diagram of a stator modular bilateral permanent magnet excitation type magnetic field modulation wind driven generator in an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional structure diagram of a stator module of a stator modular double-sided permanent magnet excitation type magnetic field modulation wind driven generator according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which an arrow direction indicates a magnetizing direction of a permanent magnet.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a rotor of a stator modular double-sided permanent magnet excitation type magnetic field modulation wind driven generator according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein an arrow direction in the figure indicates a magnetizing direction of a permanent magnet.
Fig. 4 is a diagram of an empty magnetic force line distribution diagram of a stator modular bilateral permanent magnet excitation type magnetic field modulation wind driven generator in an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an air gap magnetic density waveform of a stator modular bilateral permanent magnet excitation type magnetic field modulation wind driven generator in an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 6 is a chart of Fourier analysis of air gap flux density of a stator modular bilateral permanent magnet excitation type magnetic field modulation wind driven generator in an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 7 is a diagram of no-load phase flux linkage of a stator modularized bilateral permanent magnet excitation type magnetic field modulation wind driven generator in different permanent magnet excitation states in an embodiment of the invention.
Wherein, 100-stator, 200-rotor, 300-wind wheel; the stator comprises a stator module 1, a stator yoke 11, stator teeth 12, stator auxiliary teeth 13, a non-magnetic conductive block 14, a radial magnetizing permanent magnet 15, a tangential magnetizing permanent magnet 16, a core block 17, a winding 18, a rotor yoke 21, rotor teeth 22 and a rotor permanent magnet 23.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawings and detailed description:
the embodiment describes a stator modularized bilateral permanent magnet excitation type magnetic field modulation wind driven generator, as shown in fig. 1. The stator modularized bilateral permanent magnet excitation type magnetic field modulation wind driven generator comprises a stator 100, a rotor 200 and a wind wheel 300.
The wind wheel 300 is located outside the rotor 200 and is connected to the rotor 200. In this embodiment, the wind turbine 300 and the rotor 200 are directly connected, for example, by a flange, so as to realize direct driving.
The stator 100 is located inside the rotor 200, leaving an air gap between the stator 100 and the rotor 200. The thickness of the air gap in this embodiment is related to the power class of the motor, the selected permanent magnet material, and the motor assembly process.
As shown in fig. 1, the stator 100 is composed of three stator modules 1 having a circular arc structure, each stator module 1 is uniformly arranged along one circumferential direction inside the rotor 200, and each stator module 1 has the same structure.
As shown in fig. 2, each stator module 1 includes a stator yoke 11, stator teeth 12, stator auxiliary teeth 13, non-magnetically permeable blocks 14, radially magnetized permanent magnets 15, tangentially magnetized permanent magnets 16, core blocks 17, and windings 18.
Wherein the stator yoke 11 adopts a circular arc structure.
There are a plurality of stator teeth 12 and two stator auxiliary teeth 13 in each stator module 1.
Taking one stator module 1 as an example, each stator tooth 12 in the same stator module 1 is uniformly arranged along the arc direction of the stator yoke 11 in the stator module 1, and the inner end of the stator tooth 12 is connected with the outer side of the stator yoke 11.
Each stator auxiliary tooth 13 in the same stator module 1 is correspondingly arranged at one end part of the stator yoke 11 in the stator module 1, and the inner end of the stator auxiliary tooth 13 is connected with the outer side of the stator yoke 11.
All stator teeth 12 in the same stator module 1 are located between two stator auxiliary teeth 13 in the stator module 1.
The present invention is capable of guiding the circulation of the magnetic circuit and facilitating the reduction of cogging torque by providing one stator auxiliary tooth 13 at each end position (in the circular arc direction) of the stator module 1 as shown in fig. 2.
The stator teeth 12 are all identical in construction. Inside each stator tooth 12 is mounted a non-magnetically conductive block 14, a radially magnetizing permanent magnet 15, two tangentially magnetizing permanent magnets 16 and a core block 17.
Wherein the two tangentially-charged permanent magnets 16 are located on a set of opposite sides of the stator teeth 12, respectively, in the circular arc direction of the stator teeth 12, as shown in fig. 2.
The two tangential magnetizing permanent magnets 16 are both long-strip-shaped, and the two tangential magnetizing permanent magnets 16 are arranged in parallel.
The two tangentially-charged permanent magnets 16 inside each stator tooth 12 are oppositely charged.
The method comprises the following steps: of the two tangentially-magnetized permanent magnets 16 inside the same stator tooth 12, the magnetization direction of any one tangentially-magnetized permanent magnet 16 is oriented toward the other tangentially-magnetized permanent magnet 16, as indicated by the arrow direction in fig. 2.
The radial magnetizing permanent magnet 15 is located at the outer end of the stator teeth 12, and the radial magnetizing permanent magnet 15 is square. The direction of magnetization of the radially magnetized permanent magnet 15 is radially outward as indicated by the arrow direction in fig. 2.
The radial magnetizing permanent magnets 15 are located between corresponding outer end sides of two tangential magnetizing permanent magnets 16 in the same stator tooth 12, and form an inverted "U" shaped permanent magnet arrangement with the two tangential magnetizing permanent magnets 16.
The inverted "U" shape is referred to herein as an inverted "U" shaped permanent magnet arrangement, since the "U" shaped opening formed herein is oriented toward the inside of the wind turbine, with respect to the inside and outside of the wind turbine.
The inverted U-shaped permanent magnet arrangement is favorable for realizing the magnetic focusing effect, thereby improving magnetomotive force.
The iron core blocks 17 inside the same stator tooth 12 are arranged in an inverted U-shaped area formed by combining the radial magnetizing permanent magnets 15 and the tangential magnetizing permanent magnets 16 inside the stator tooth 12, and as shown in fig. 2, the iron core blocks 17 play a role in magnetic conduction.
A non-magnetic conductive block 14 is provided at the inner end of the stator teeth 12, and the non-magnetic conductive block 14 functions in two ways:
on the one hand, the non-magnetically permeable block 14 serves to support the tangential magnetization permanent magnet 16 and the core block 17, preventing radial displacement (sliding) of the tangential magnetization permanent magnet 16 and the core block 17. Specifically, the non-magnetic conductive block 14 is square, and the outer end side of the non-magnetic conductive block 14 is in contact with the inner end sides of the tangential magnetization permanent magnet 16 and the core block 17, and forms compression on the inner end sides of the tangential magnetization permanent magnet 16 and the core block 17, as shown in fig. 2, so that radial displacement of the tangential magnetization permanent magnet 16 and the core block 17 is well avoided.
More importantly, the non-magnetic conductive block 14 in the embodiment can serve as a magnetic barrier to prevent the two tangential magnetization permanent magnets 16 from magnetic leakage, so that the utilization rate of the tangential magnetization permanent magnets 16 is ensured.
In this embodiment, the non-magnetic conductive block 14 may be preferably made of epoxy resin or the like.
As shown in fig. 1, the windings 18 are wound around the stator teeth 12. In this embodiment, the windings 18 are in a non-overlapping concentrated winding form, which is beneficial to reducing the end length and copper loss, thereby improving the efficiency of the wind turbine.
The phase windings of the individual stator modules 1 are connected in series to form a complete three-phase winding.
Of course, the number of the stator modules 1 in the present embodiment is not limited to the above three, and may be greater than three, for example, four, five or even more, as required, which will not be described herein.
As shown in fig. 3, the rotor 200 includes a rotor yoke 21, rotor teeth 22, and rotor permanent magnets 23.
Wherein the rotor yoke 21 is annular. The rotor teeth 22 are plural and are uniformly arranged along the inner circumferential direction of the rotor yoke 21; a rotor permanent magnet 23 is mounted between each adjacent two of the rotor teeth 22.
The magnetization direction of the rotor permanent magnet 23 is radially outward as indicated by the arrow direction in fig. 3.
The rotor teeth 22 in this embodiment function on the one hand as magnetic conductors and on the other hand as magnetic field modulators, modulating the magnetic field of the permanent magnets on the stator side, thereby introducing a magnetic field modulation effect.
In this embodiment, the iron cores of the stator 100 and the rotor 200 of the wind turbine generator are formed by laminating silicon steel sheets, the thickness of the silicon steel sheets is usually selected to be 0.35 mm-0.5 mm, and the lamination coefficient is about 0.95.
In this embodiment, the materials of the radial magnetizing permanent magnet 15, the tangential magnetizing permanent magnet 16 and the rotor permanent magnet 23 may be selected according to the performance requirement, the working temperature and the cost of the wind driven generator, for example, permanent magnetic materials such as neodymium iron boron or ferrite are used.
The radial magnetizing permanent magnet 15, the tangential magnetizing permanent magnet 16 and the rotor permanent magnet 23 may use the same permanent magnet material or use different permanent magnet materials, i.e. take the form of a hybrid permanent magnet.
As shown in fig. 4 to 7, the operation principle of the stator modular double-sided permanent magnet excitation type magnetic field modulation wind driven generator in this embodiment can be illustrated from two angles of flux linkage change and magnetic field modulation, and is specifically as follows:
from the flux linkage change angle, when the rotor 200 continuously rotates in one electrical cycle, the magnitude of the flux of the turn linkage in the winding 18 changes along with the change of the rotor position, so that the bipolar change flux linkage is generated, and back electromotive force is further induced, so that the electromechanical energy conversion is realized;
from the magnetic field modulation angle, the stator 100 and the rotor 200 both adopt salient pole structures and are respectively provided with permanent magnets, so that the invention can simultaneously utilize the modulation effect of the stator teeth 12 on the magnetic field generated by the rotor permanent magnets 23 on the rotor 200 and the modulation effect of the rotor teeth 22 on the magnetic field generated by the radial magnetizing permanent magnets 15 and the tangential magnetizing permanent magnets 16 on the stator teeth 12, thereby introducing a bidirectional magnetic field modulation effect, obtaining abundant air gap magnetic field working harmonic components including 1 st harmonic, 5 th harmonic, 11 th harmonic, 17 th harmonic and the like, which directly participate in the generation of magnetic links and counter electromotive force of the wind driven generator, and the pole pair number of the winding 18 can be set according to the pole pair number of the low working harmonic for fully utilizing the bidirectional magnetic field modulation effect, and therefore, the invention relates to the wind driven generator which can still keep smaller volume under the condition that the pole pair number of the stator permanent magnets and the rotor permanent magnets is very high; on the other hand, the invention can obtain more abundant and higher-amplitude working harmonic wave of the air gap magnetic field than that of the single stator permanent magnet excitation or the single rotor permanent magnet excitation under the double-sided permanent magnet excitation condition, so that the invention can obtain larger magnetic linkage under the double-sided excitation, thereby being capable of inducing to generate higher back electromotive force. In summary, the present invention relates to wind turbines with a substantial increase in power density.
The foregoing description is, of course, merely illustrative of preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, but is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A stator modularized bilateral permanent magnet excitation type magnetic field modulation wind driven generator is characterized in that,
comprises a stator, a rotor and a wind wheel; the wind wheel is positioned at the outer side of the rotor and connected with the rotor;
the stator is positioned on the inner side of the rotor; the stator consists of at least three stator modules with arc structures, and each stator module is uniformly distributed along one circumferential direction of the inner side of the rotor;
each stator module has the same structure and comprises a stator yoke part, stator teeth, stator auxiliary teeth, a non-magnetic conductive block, a radial magnetizing permanent magnet, a tangential magnetizing permanent magnet, an iron core block and a winding; the stator yoke part adopts a circular arc structure;
the number of the stator teeth in each stator module is multiple, and the number of the stator auxiliary teeth is two;
two stator auxiliary teeth in the same stator module are respectively and correspondingly arranged at one end part of the stator yoke part, and all the stator teeth are positioned between the two stator auxiliary teeth and are uniformly arranged along the arc direction of the stator yoke part;
the inner ends of the stator teeth and the inner ends of the stator auxiliary teeth are respectively connected with the outer sides of the stator yoke parts;
the structure forms of the stator teeth are the same, and a non-magnetic conductive block, a radial magnetizing permanent magnet, two tangential magnetizing permanent magnets and an iron core block are arranged in each stator tooth;
wherein the two tangential magnetizing permanent magnets are respectively positioned at a group of opposite side parts of the stator teeth;
the two tangential magnetizing permanent magnets are arranged in parallel;
the radial magnetizing permanent magnet is positioned at the outer end part of the stator tooth; the radial magnetizing permanent magnets are positioned between the corresponding outer end sides of the two tangential magnetizing permanent magnets in the same stator tooth, and form inverted U-shaped permanent magnet arrangement with the two tangential magnetizing permanent magnets;
the iron core blocks inside the same stator tooth are placed in an inverted U-shaped area formed by combining the radial magnetizing permanent magnets and the tangential magnetizing permanent magnets inside the stator tooth;
the non-magnetic conductive block is arranged at the inner end part of the stator teeth and is used for supporting the tangential magnetizing permanent magnet and the iron core block and preventing the tangential magnetizing permanent magnet from magnetic leakage;
the rotor includes a rotor yoke, rotor teeth, and rotor permanent magnets.
2. The stator modular bilateral permanent magnet excitation type magnetic field modulation wind power generator of claim 1 wherein,
the magnetizing directions of the two tangential magnetizing permanent magnets inside each stator tooth are opposite;
the method comprises the following steps: and in the two tangential magnetizing permanent magnets in the same stator tooth, the magnetizing direction of any one tangential magnetizing permanent magnet faces to the other tangential magnetizing permanent magnet.
3. The stator modular bilateral permanent magnet excitation type magnetic field modulation wind power generator of claim 1 wherein,
the magnetizing direction of the radial magnetizing permanent magnet is radial outward.
4. The stator modular bilateral permanent magnet excitation type magnetic field modulation wind power generator of claim 1 wherein,
the magnetizing direction of the rotor permanent magnet is radial outward.
5. The stator modular bilateral permanent magnet excitation type magnetic field modulation wind power generator of claim 1 wherein,
the radial magnetizing permanent magnet, the tangential magnetizing permanent magnet and the rotor permanent magnet are made of the same permanent magnet material or different permanent magnet materials.
6. The stator modular bilateral permanent magnet excitation type magnetic field modulation wind power generator of claim 1 wherein,
the non-magnetic conductive block is square, and the outer end side of the non-magnetic conductive block is contacted with the tangential magnetizing permanent magnet and the inner end side of the iron core block, and forms compression on the tangential magnetizing permanent magnet and the inner end side of the iron core block.
7. The stator modular bilateral permanent magnet excitation type magnetic field modulation wind power generator of claim 1 wherein,
the windings are wound on the stator teeth; the windings adopt a non-overlapping concentrated winding form; the windings of the phases of the stator modules are connected in series to form a complete three-phase winding.
8. The stator modular bilateral permanent magnet excitation type magnetic field modulation wind power generator of claim 1 wherein,
an air gap is left between the stator and the rotor.
9. The stator modular bilateral permanent magnet excitation type magnetic field modulation wind power generator of claim 1 wherein,
the rotor yoke part is in a circular ring shape, a plurality of rotor teeth are arranged uniformly along the circumferential direction of the inner side of the rotor yoke part; a rotor permanent magnet is arranged between every two adjacent rotor teeth.
10. The stator modular bilateral permanent magnet excitation type magnetic field modulation wind power generator of claim 1 wherein,
the tangential magnetizing permanent magnets are all in a strip shape, and the radial magnetizing permanent magnets are square.
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