CN116380033A - Detection position modulation method and device of four-pulse cold atom interferometer - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a detection position modulation method and a device of a four-pulse cold atom interferometer, wherein the method comprises the following steps: determining four Raman pulse interval time of a four-pulse cold atom interferometer; determining a plurality of working states of the four-pulse cold atom interference gyroscope according to the four-time Raman pulse interval time; and selecting states of the Raman light in different opposite directions based on a plurality of working states of the four-pulse cold atom interferometer. According to the invention, the two working states are set in the state selection stage of the four-pulse cold atom interferometer, so that the Raman light states are selected in different effective Raman wave vectors, the detection positions of the atomic groups are close, and the detection errors caused by the periodic change of the detection positions and the limitation on the space size of the detection region are reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of atomic interferometers, and particularly relates to a detection position modulation method and device of a four-pulse cold atomic interferometers.
Background
Atomic interferometry has been rapidly developed and widely practiced in the last decade. The method has potential application prospect in the field of high-precision inertial navigation due to high sensitivity and quantum properties.
Atomic interferometers are interferometers of the type similar to optical Mach-Zehnder that use a cold Rb (or Cs) atomic beam traveling in two different topological paths to measure the phase difference due to the two atomic beams traveling through the different paths. In such interferometers, the phase change of an atomic wave function due to the action of inertial force is measured by atomic optical elements such as a spectrometer and a mirror in similar optics, which have realized the spectral and reflection of the propagation of optical two photons, and then the amount of change of this phase is measured. When an atom absorbs or emits a photon, the momentum of the atom and the light field should be conserved. With the realization of atomic optical elements such as atomic spectroscopes and atomic mirrors, proper methods for manipulating atoms must be considered, and interaction of light and substances is also a main means for achieving the object. This process can be understood as both coherent exchange of photons and exchange of photon momentum. The principle is as follows: in an atomic system, atoms at one energy level are separated into two different energy levels by the action of a laser. The state in which an atom is located depends on the following parameters: laser energy, interaction time, laser frequency.
The cold atom interference gyroscope based on the four-pulse interference technology has the advantages of high measurement precision and small long-term drift, and is the cold atom interference gyroscope with the highest precision at present. The four-pulse cold atom interferometer generally adopts a cold atom group which is vertically thrown upwards, and four raman pulses are acted in the ascending and descending processes to form a sagnac interference loop. When the atomic group falls to the detection region, the internal state information of the atom is detected by using the detection light. In the raman two-photon transition process formed by raman pulse, the atomic group obtains a transverse speed of twice photon momentum in the effective raman wave vector direction, so that the detection position of the atom deviates from a vertical upward-throwing line, and enough space is required to be reserved in the detection area. Furthermore, with the application of the effective raman wave vector inversion technique, the point of departure of the detection position periodically changes with the inversion of the positive effective raman wave vector and the negative effective raman wave vector, which results in a further increase in non-uniform detection error and a reserved space of the atomic detection region.
In order to solve the problem of the change of the detection position of the four-pulse cold atom interferometer, one option is to not use positive and negative k, but influence the long-term stability of the gyroscope and reduce the performance of the gyroscope; another option is a detection and imaging system with sufficient design space and good consistency, but this has extremely high requirements on technical design, materials, and processing techniques, and poor realisation.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problem of deviation of the detection position of the four-pulse cold-atom interferometer, in a first aspect of the present invention, a method for modulating the detection position of the four-pulse cold-atom interferometer is provided, including: determining four Raman pulse interval time of a four-pulse cold atom interferometer; determining a plurality of working states of the four-pulse cold atom interference gyroscope according to the four-time Raman pulse interval time; and selecting states of the Raman light in different opposite directions based on a plurality of working states of the four-pulse cold atom interferometer.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the multiple operating states of the four-pulse cold atom interferometer gyroscope include: a positive effective raman wave vector and a negative effective raman wave vector.
Further, the selecting the raman light in different opposite directions based on the multiple operating states of the four-pulse cold atom interferometer comprises: when the effective Raman wave vector is positive, the four-pulse cold atom interference gyroscope is selected by using homodromous Raman light; and selecting states of the four-pulse cold atom interference gyroscope by using opposite Raman light when the effective Raman wave vector is negative.
Further, in the case of positive effective raman wave vector, the detection position of the four-pulse cold atom interferometer is expressed as:
D + ＝v·(t detection -t raman1 )，
wherein D is + The detection position when the positive effective Raman wave vector is represented, v represents the two-photon recoil speed, t detection Indicating the detection time, t raman1 Representing the first Raman pulseThe action time is the same.
Further, in the case of negative effective raman wave vector, the detection position of the four-pulse cold atom interferometer is expressed as:
D - ＝v·(t detection -t raman1 )+v·(t raman1 -t selection )，
wherein D is - The detection position when the negative effective Raman wave vector is represented, v represents the two-photon recoil speed, t detection Indicating the detection time, t raman1 Indicating the moment of action of the first Raman pulse, t selection Indicating the moment of selection of the negative effective raman wave vector.
In the above embodiment, the four raman pulse intervals are T, 2T, and T, respectively, where T is the minimum positive period of the raman pulse.
In a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a detection position modulation device of a four-pulse cold atom interference gyroscope, comprising: the first determining module is used for determining the four-time Raman pulse interval time of the four-pulse cold atom interference gyroscope; the second determining module is used for determining various working states of the four-pulse cold atom interference gyroscope according to the four-time Raman pulse interval time; and the third determining module is used for selecting the states of the Raman light in different opposite directions based on a plurality of working states of the four-pulse cold atom interference gyroscope.
Further, the third determining module includes: the first state selection unit is used for selecting states of the four-pulse cold atom interference gyroscope by using homodromous Raman light when the effective Raman wave vector is positive; and the second state selection unit is used for selecting states of the four-pulse cold atom interference gyroscope by using opposite Raman light when the effective Raman wave vector is negative.
In a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electronic apparatus comprising: one or more processors; and the storage device is used for storing one or more programs, and when the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors realize the detection position modulation method of the four-pulse cold atom interferometer gyroscope provided by the first aspect of the invention.
In a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a computer readable medium having stored thereon a computer program, wherein the computer program when executed by a processor implements the method for modulating the detection position of a four-pulse cold atom interferometer gyroscope provided in the first aspect of the present invention.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the invention provides a detection position modulation method of a four-pulse cold atom interferometer gyroscope. The four-pulse cold atom interferometer is set into two working states in the state selection stage, when the effective Raman wave vector is positive, the homodromous Raman light is used for selecting the states, and when the effective Raman wave vector is negative, the object Raman light is used for selecting the states, so that the detection positions of atomic groups are as close as possible, and the detection errors caused by the periodic change of the detection positions and the limitation on the space size of the detection region are reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a basic flow diagram of a method for modulating the detection position of a four-pulse cold atom interferometer gyroscope in some embodiments of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a change in the location of radical detection in some embodiments of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of reduced difference in atomic group detection positions in some embodiments of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a detection position modulation device of a four-pulse cold atom interferometer gyroscope according to some embodiments of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to some embodiments of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the drawings, the examples are illustrated for the purpose of illustrating the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for modulating a detection position of a four-pulse cold atom interferometer gyroscope, including: s100, determining four Raman pulse interval time of a four-pulse cold atom interference gyroscope; s200, determining various working states of the four-pulse cold atom interference gyroscope according to the four-time Raman pulse interval time; s300, selecting states of the Raman light in different opposite directions based on various working states of the four-pulse cold atom interferometer gyroscope.
It can be understood that the single measurement period of the four-pulse cold atom interferometer mainly comprises the processes of atom group trapping, magnetism insensitive state preparation, four-time Raman pulse and atom group action, interference phase detection and the like. The interval time of four Raman pulses is T-2T-T, and pi/2-pi/2 actions are respectively carried out on the four Raman pulses and the atomic groups. In the 4T interference time, the inertial rotation of the carrier changes the phase difference of atoms on two paths, so that the atomic interference is phase-shifted. The atomic numbers in different states are detected, rotation phase information can be obtained, and further rotation of the carrier relative to the inertial reference system can be calculated reversely. Although this measurement process has high accuracy, there are many challenges to be solved for engineering applications, one of which is the change in detection position with the change in effective raman wave vector direction.
In view of this, in step S200 of some embodiments of the present invention, the multiple operation states of the four-pulse cold-atom interferometer gyroscope include: a positive effective raman wave vector and a negative effective raman wave vector.
Further, the selecting the raman light in different opposite directions based on the multiple operating states of the four-pulse cold atom interferometer comprises: when the effective Raman wave vector is positive, the four-pulse cold atom interference gyroscope is selected by using homodromous Raman light; and selecting states of the four-pulse cold atom interference gyroscope by using opposite Raman light when the effective Raman wave vector is negative.
Further, in the positive effective raman wave vector (+k) eff ) The detection position of the four-pulse cold atom interferometer is expressed as:
D + ＝v·(t detection -t raman1 )，
wherein D is + The detection position when the positive effective Raman wave vector is represented, v represents the two-photon recoil speed, t detection Representing detectionTime t raman1 Indicating the moment of action of the first raman pulse.
Further, in the negative effective Raman wave vector (-k) eff ) The detection position of the four-pulse cold atom interferometer is expressed as:
D - ＝v·(t detection -t raman1 )+v·(t raman1 -t selection )，
wherein D is - The detection position when the negative effective Raman wave vector is represented, v represents the two-photon recoil speed, t detection Indicating the detection time, t raman1 Indicating the moment of action of the first Raman pulse, t selection Indicating the moment of selection of the negative effective raman wave vector.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, taking an initial ejection speed of 5m/s on a radical as an example, the time to reach a selected state is 84ms, the time to reach a first raman pulse is 114ms, the time to reach a second raman pulse is 314ms, the time to reach a third raman pulse is 714ms, the time to reach a fourth raman pulse is 914ms, and the time to reach detection is 982ms. The two-photon recoil speed was 7.04mm/s.
Before improvement, the detection position difference is:
2v·(t detection -t raman1 )＝2×7.04×10 -3 ×(0.982-0.114)＝12.2mm
after improvement, the detected position difference is:
v·(t raman1 -t selection )＝7.04×10 -3 ×(0.114-0.084)＝0.21mm
it can be seen that the difference of detection positions is reduced by 98.3%, and the space size limitation and non-uniformity detection error of the detection area can be greatly reduced.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 4, in a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a probe position modulation device 1 of a four-pulse cold atom interferometer, comprising: a first determining module 11, configured to determine a four-time raman pulse interval time of the four-pulse cold atom interferometer; a second determining module 12, configured to determine a plurality of operating states of the four-pulse cold atom interferometer according to the four-raman pulse interval time; and the third determining module 13 is used for selecting the states of the raman light in different opposite directions based on the multiple working states of the four-pulse cold atom interference gyroscope.
Further, the third determining module 13 includes: the first state selection unit is used for selecting states of the four-pulse cold atom interference gyroscope by using homodromous Raman light when the effective Raman wave vector is positive; and the second state selection unit is used for selecting states of the four-pulse cold atom interference gyroscope by using opposite Raman light when the effective Raman wave vector is negative.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 5, a third aspect of the present invention provides an electronic device, including: one or more processors; and a storage device for storing one or more programs, which when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to implement the method for modulating the detection position of the four-pulse cold atom interferometer gyroscope according to the first aspect of the present invention.
The electronic device 500 may include a processing means (e.g., a central processing unit, a graphics processor, etc.) 501 that may perform various appropriate actions and processes in accordance with programs stored in a Read Only Memory (ROM) 502 or loaded from a storage 508 into a Random Access Memory (RAM) 503. In the RAM 503, various programs and data required for the operation of the electronic apparatus 500 are also stored. The processing device 501, the ROM502, and the RAM 503 are connected to each other via a bus 504. An input/output (I/O) interface 505 is also connected to bus 504.
The following devices may be connected to the I/O interface 505 in general: input devices 506 including, for example, a touch screen, touchpad, keyboard, mouse, camera, microphone, accelerometer, gyroscope, etc.; an output device 507 including, for example, a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD), a speaker, a vibrator, and the like; storage 508 including, for example, a hard disk; and communication means 509. The communication means 509 may allow the electronic device 500 to communicate with other devices wirelessly or by wire to exchange data. While fig. 5 shows an electronic device 500 having various means, it is to be understood that not all of the illustrated means are required to be implemented or provided. More or fewer devices may be implemented or provided instead. Each block shown in fig. 5 may represent one device or a plurality of devices as needed.
In particular, according to embodiments of the present disclosure, the processes described above with reference to flowcharts may be implemented as computer software programs. For example, embodiments of the present disclosure include a computer program product comprising a computer program embodied on a computer readable medium, the computer program comprising program code for performing the method shown in the flowcharts. In such an embodiment, the computer program may be downloaded and installed from a network via the communication means 509, or from the storage means 508, or from the ROM 502. The above-described functions defined in the methods of the embodiments of the present disclosure are performed when the computer program is executed by the processing device 501. It should be noted that the computer readable medium described in the embodiments of the present disclosure may be a computer readable signal medium or a computer readable storage medium or any combination of the two. The computer readable storage medium can be, for example, but not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or a combination of any of the foregoing. More specific examples of the computer-readable storage medium may include, but are not limited to: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, a computer readable storage medium may be any tangible medium that can contain, or store a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. Whereas in embodiments of the present disclosure, the computer-readable signal medium may comprise a data signal propagated in baseband or as part of a carrier wave, with computer-readable program code embodied therein. Such a propagated data signal may take any of a variety of forms, including, but not limited to, electro-magnetic, optical, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. A computer readable signal medium may also be any computer readable medium that is not a computer readable storage medium and that can communicate, propagate, or transport a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. Program code embodied on a computer readable medium may be transmitted using any appropriate medium, including but not limited to: electrical wires, fiber optic cables, RF (radio frequency), and the like, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
The computer readable medium may be contained in the electronic device; or may exist alone without being incorporated into the electronic device. The computer readable medium carries one or more computer programs which, when executed by the electronic device, cause the electronic device to:
computer program code for carrying out operations of embodiments of the present disclosure may be written in one or more programming languages, including an object oriented programming language such as Java, smalltalk, C ++, python and conventional procedural programming languages, such as the "C" programming language or similar programming languages. The program code may execute entirely on the user's computer, partly on the user's computer, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user's computer and partly on a remote computer or entirely on the remote computer or server. In the case of a remote computer, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer through any kind of network, including a Local Area Network (LAN) or a Wide Area Network (WAN), or may be connected to an external computer (for example, through the Internet using an Internet service provider).
The flowcharts and block diagrams in the figures illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. In this regard, each block in the flowchart or block diagrams may represent a module, segment, or portion of code, which comprises one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function(s). It should also be noted that, in some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the block may occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, two blocks shown in succession may, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality involved. It will be noted that each block of the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, can be implemented by special purpose hardware-based systems which perform the specified functions or acts, or combinations of special purpose hardware and computer instructions.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and any such modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The method for modulating the detection position of the four-pulse cold atom interferometer is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
determining four Raman pulse interval time of a four-pulse cold atom interferometer;
determining a plurality of working states of the four-pulse cold atom interference gyroscope according to the four-time Raman pulse interval time;
and selecting states of the Raman light in different opposite directions based on a plurality of working states of the four-pulse cold atom interferometer.
2. The method for modulating the detection position of a four-pulse cold-atom interferometer according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of operating states of the four-pulse cold-atom interferometer comprises: a positive effective raman wave vector and a negative effective raman wave vector.
3. The method for modulating the detection position of the four-pulse cold-atom interferometer according to claim 2, wherein the selecting the raman light in different opposite directions based on the plurality of operation states of the four-pulse cold-atom interferometer comprises:
when the effective Raman wave vector is positive, the four-pulse cold atom interference gyroscope is selected by using homodromous Raman light;
and selecting states of the four-pulse cold atom interference gyroscope by using opposite Raman light when the effective Raman wave vector is negative.
4. The method for modulating the detection position of a four-pulse cold atom interferometer according to claim 3, wherein the detection position of the four-pulse cold atom interferometer when the raman wave vector is positive is expressed as:
D + ＝v·(t detection -t raman1 )，
wherein D is + Representing the detection position when the effective Raman wave vector is positive, representing the two-photon recoil speed, t detection Indicating the detection time, t raman1 Indicating the moment of action of the first raman pulse.
5. The method for modulating the detection position of a four-pulse cold atom interferometer according to claim 3, wherein the detection position of the four-pulse cold atom interferometer when the effective raman wave vector is negative is expressed as:
D - ＝v·(t detection -t raman1 )+v·(t raman1 -t selection )，
wherein D is - Representing the detection position of the negative effective Raman wave vector, representing the two-photon recoil speed, t detection Indicating the detection time, t raman1 Indicating the moment of action of the first Raman pulse, t selection Indicating the moment of selection of the negative effective raman wave vector.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the four raman pulse intervals are T, 2T and T, respectively, wherein T is the minimum positive period of the raman pulse.
7. A probe position modulation device of a four-pulse cold atom interferometer, comprising:
the first determining module is used for determining the four-time Raman pulse interval time of the four-pulse cold atom interference gyroscope;
the second determining module is used for determining various working states of the four-pulse cold atom interference gyroscope according to the four-time Raman pulse interval time;
and the third determining module is used for selecting the states of the Raman light in different opposite directions based on a plurality of working states of the four-pulse cold atom interference gyroscope.
8. The probe position modulation device of a four-pulse cold atom interferometer of claim 7, wherein the third determining module comprises:
the first state selection unit is used for selecting states of the four-pulse cold atom interference gyroscope by using homodromous Raman light when the effective Raman wave vector is positive;
and the second state selection unit is used for selecting states of the four-pulse cold atom interference gyroscope by using opposite Raman light when the effective Raman wave vector is negative.
9. An electronic device, comprising: one or more processors; storage means for storing one or more programs which when executed by the one or more processors cause the one or more processors to implement the probe position modulation method of a four pulse cold atom interferometer gyroscope of any of claims 1 to 6.
10. A computer readable medium having stored thereon a computer program, wherein the computer program when executed by a processor implements the probe position modulation method of a four-pulse cold atom interferometry gyroscope according to any of claims 1 to 6.
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