CN116376145A - Polyethylene-silicon dioxide nanoparticle composite material and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Polyethylene-silicon dioxide nanoparticle composite material and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
- C08K3/36—Silica
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2323/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2323/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
- C08J2323/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08J2323/06—Polyethene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/011—Nanostructured additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2203/00—Applications
- C08L2203/16—Applications used for films
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2203/00—Applications
- C08L2203/18—Applications used for pipes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2207/00—Properties characterising the ingredient of the composition
- C08L2207/06—Properties of polyethylene
- C08L2207/062—HDPE
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The invention discloses a polyethylene-silicon dioxide nanoparticle composite material, a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to the technical field of anti-pollution materials. Comprising a polyethylene matrix and silica nanoparticles dispersed in the polyethylene matrix. By adding the silica nanoparticles into the polyethylene, the pore structure of the polyethylene material is changed, and the relative hydrophilicity, mechanical property and water permeability of the polyethylene material are improved. The hydrophilicity of the polyethylene material is improved, so that the adhesion of organisms on the surface of the polyethylene material is avoided, and the pollution resistance of the polyethylene material is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of anti-pollution materials, in particular to a polyethylene-silicon dioxide nanoparticle composite material, a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The water surface photovoltaic power station is in a novel photovoltaic power station form for supporting a photovoltaic module by utilizing a floating body, and can be widely used for water surface spaces such as coal mining subsidence areas, lakes, reservoirs and the like. The water surface photovoltaic power station does not occupy cultivated land, and is applicable to areas with rich water resources and shortage of land resources. The use of the water surface photovoltaic power station can reduce water evaporation, inhibit algae propagation and protect water resources.
The water surface photovoltaic power station mostly adopts polyethylene materials to prepare the pontoon as a supporting material, for example, high-density polyethylene is adopted. High density polyethylene has a variety of excellent properties such as good mechanical strength, good chemical resistance and thermal stability. However, due to its inherent hydrophobicity, non-wettability, absence of any active functional groups and high soil affinity. Therefore, other organisms are easily attached to the surface of the photovoltaic power station, the weight of the pontoon is increased, the pontoon is gradually corroded, the supporting material is invalid, and the power generation efficiency and the power generation cost of the water surface photovoltaic power station are affected.
In view of this, the present invention has been made.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a polyethylene-silicon dioxide nanoparticle composite material, and a preparation method and application thereof.
The invention is realized in the following way:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides a polyethylene-silica nanoparticle composite comprising a polyethylene matrix and silica nanoparticles dispersed within the polyethylene matrix.
In an alternative embodiment, the polyethylene is a high density polyethylene.
Preferably, the high density polyethylene has a molecular weight of 300 to 600 tens of thousands.
In an alternative embodiment, the weight ratio of silica nanoparticles to high density polyethylene is from 0.25 to 0.5%.
Preferably, the silica nanoparticles have a particle size of 100 to 150nm.
In alternative embodiments, the shape of the polyethylene-silica nanoparticle composite includes any of a film layer, a plate, or a tube.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a polyethylene-silica nanoparticle composite material according to any one of the preceding embodiments, comprising dispersing silica nanoparticles and a polyethylene raw material in a diluent and heating and melting to obtain a polyethylene-silica nanoparticle mixture, and solidifying the polyethylene-silica nanoparticle mixture to obtain the polyethylene-silica nanoparticle composite material.
In an alternative embodiment, the heat smelting comprises oil bath heat smelting of the polyethylene feedstock and silica nanoparticles within the sealed vessel.
Preferably, the temperature of heating and smelting is 150-170 ℃, the smelting time is 80-100 min, stirring is kept during the smelting process, and the stirring rotating speed is 400-500 rpm.
Preferably, the oil bath comprises any one of methyl silicone oil bath, ethyl silicone oil bath, and trifluoropropyl silicone oil bath.
In an alternative embodiment, dispersing silica nanoparticles and polyethylene feedstock in a diluent comprises: silica nanoparticles are dispersed in a diluent and then polyethylene raw material is added to the diluent.
Preferably, the mass volume ratio of the silica nanoparticles to the diluent is 1 g:10-20 mL.
Preferably, the diluent comprises any one of mineral oil and liquid paraffin.
Preferably, dispersing the silica nanoparticles in the diluent comprises using ultrasonic dispersion for 20-40 minutes.
In an alternative embodiment, the solidifying includes solidifying the polyethylene-silica nanoparticle mixture after casting and molding in a water bath at room temperature.
Preferably, the temperature of the normal temperature water bath is 24-30 ℃.
In an alternative embodiment, the method further comprises washing the polyethylene-silica nanoparticle composite material in a washing agent after the setting forming.
Preferably, the cleaning agent comprises any one of acetone, sodium hydroxide and acetone containing 1% tween.
In a third aspect, the present invention provides the use of a polyethylene-silica nanoparticle composite as in any of the preceding embodiments or a polyethylene-silica nanoparticle composite as produced by the method of any of the preceding embodiments in an anti-fouling material.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a polyethylene-silicon dioxide nano particle composite material, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein silicon dioxide nano particles are added into polyethylene, so that the pore structure of the polyethylene material is changed, and the relative hydrophilicity, mechanical property and water permeability of the polyethylene material are improved. The hydrophilicity of the polyethylene material is improved, so that the adhesion of organisms on the surface of the polyethylene material is avoided, and the pollution resistance of the polyethylene material is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a scanning electron microscope image of a polyethylene-silica nanoparticle composite film layer provided in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a scanning electron microscope image of a polyethylene-silica nanoparticle composite film layer provided in example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a scanning electron microscope image of a polyethylene-silica nanoparticle composite film layer provided in comparative example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a scanning electron microscope image of a polyethylene-silica nanoparticle composite film layer provided in comparative example 2 of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a graph of pure water flux results for different polyethylene-silica nanoparticle composite membrane layers provided in experimental example 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. The specific conditions are not noted in the examples and are carried out according to conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or apparatus used were conventional products commercially available without the manufacturer's attention.
The features and capabilities of the present invention are described in further detail below in connection with the examples.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a polyethylene-silica nanoparticle composite comprising a polyethylene matrix and silica nanoparticles dispersed within the polyethylene matrix.
According to the invention, the silica nanoparticles are added into the polyethylene, so that the pore structure of the polyethylene material is changed, and the relative hydrophilicity, mechanical property and water permeability of the polyethylene material are improved. The hydrophilicity of the polyethylene material is improved, so that the adhesion of organisms on the surface of the polyethylene material is avoided, and the pollution resistance of the polyethylene material is improved.
Preferably, the silica nanoparticles are uniformly dispersed in the polyethylene matrix to ensure an improvement in the overall anti-fouling capability and overall mechanical properties of the polyethylene-silica nanoparticle composite.
In an alternative embodiment, the polyethylene is a high density polyethylene. The high-density polyethylene has the characteristics of high rigidity, good toughness, high chemical resistance, excellent thermal stability and the like. However, the non-wetting property and the weak biocompatibility of the high-density polyethylene make the hydrophobic particles and proteins easily adsorbed to cause surface pollution. Therefore, the inventors have adopted silica nanoparticles as a dispersed filler material, which can increase the hydrophilicity of the high density polyethylene material and reduce its tendency to adsorb proteins and hydrophobic particles.
Preferably, the high density polyethylene has a molecular weight of 300 to 600 tens of thousands.
In an alternative embodiment, the weight ratio of silica nanoparticles to high density polyethylene is from 0.25 to 0.5%; for example, the weight ratio of silica nanoparticles to high density polyethylene may be 0.25%, 0.3%, 0.35%, 0.4%, 0.45%, or 0.5%.
Preferably, the silica nanoparticles have a particle size of 100 to 150nm.
In alternative embodiments, the shape of the polyethylene-silica nanoparticle composite includes any of a film layer, a plate, or a tube. The shape of the specific polyethylene-silicon dioxide nano particle composite material can be selected according to actual needs, for example, when the support material of the pontoon of the water surface photovoltaic power station is required to be prepared, the shape of the polyethylene-silicon dioxide nano particle composite material is a film layer, and therefore the polyethylene-silicon dioxide nano particle composite material can be directly arranged on the surface of the pontoon.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a polyethylene-silica nanoparticle composite material according to any one of the preceding embodiments, comprising dispersing silica nanoparticles and a polyethylene raw material in a diluent and heating and melting to obtain a polyethylene-silica nanoparticle mixture, and solidifying the polyethylene-silica nanoparticle mixture to obtain the polyethylene-silica nanoparticle composite material.
By dispersing the polyethylene raw material and the silicon dioxide nano particles by adopting the diluent, the silicon dioxide nano particles can be uniformly dispersed in the polyethylene raw material, and the overall performance of the polyethylene material is improved. The heating and smelting are favorable for the reaction process of the polyethylene raw material and the silicon dioxide nano particles, so that the pore structure of the prepared polyethylene-silicon dioxide nano particle composite material is finer and more uniform, and the relative hydrophilicity, mechanical property, water permeability and pollution resistance of the polyethylene material are improved.
In an alternative embodiment, the heat smelting comprises oil bath heat smelting of the polyethylene feedstock and silica nanoparticles within the sealed vessel. The oil bath can heat the raw materials more uniformly at a higher temperature, which is beneficial to the reaction process of the polyethylene raw materials and the silicon dioxide nano particles.
Preferably, the temperature of the heat smelting is 150 to 170 ℃, and may be 150 ℃, 155 ℃, 160 ℃, 165 ℃ or 170 ℃, for example.
Preferably, the time of the heating and smelting is 80-100 min, for example, 80min, 85min, 90min, 95min or 100min.
Preferably, stirring is kept in the heating and smelting process, and the stirring rotating speed is 400-500 rpm; for example, it may be 400rpm, 420rpm, 440rpm, 460rpm, 480rpm or 500rpm.
Preferably, the oil bath comprises any one of methyl silicone oil bath, ethyl silicone oil bath, and trifluoropropyl silicone oil bath.
In an alternative embodiment, dispersing silica nanoparticles and polyethylene feedstock in a diluent comprises: silica nanoparticles are dispersed in a diluent and then polyethylene raw material is added to the diluent.
Preferably, the mass volume ratio of the silica nanoparticles to the diluent is 1 g:10-20 mL.
Preferably, the diluent comprises any one of mineral oil, liquid paraffin, preferably mineral oil.
Preferably, dispersing the silica nanoparticles in the diluent comprises using ultrasonic dispersion for 20-40 min, which may be, for example, 20min, 25min, 30min, 35min or 40min.
In an alternative embodiment, the solidifying includes solidifying the polyethylene-silica nanoparticle mixture after casting and molding in a water bath at room temperature.
The temperature of the normal temperature water bath is preferably 24 to 30℃and may be, for example, 24℃ 25℃26℃27℃28℃29℃or 30 ℃.
In an alternative embodiment, the method further comprises washing the polyethylene-silica nanoparticle composite material in a wash agent to remove the diluent after the setting forming. Wherein the cleaning agent is mainly made of a material which is volatile at normal temperature so as to be convenient for removing the cleaning agent.
Preferably, the cleaning agent comprises any one of acetone, sodium hydroxide or acetone containing 1% tween.
In a third aspect, the present invention provides the use of a polyethylene-silica nanoparticle composite as in any of the preceding embodiments or a polyethylene-silica nanoparticle composite as produced by the method of any of the preceding embodiments in an anti-fouling material.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a polyethylene-silicon dioxide nanoparticle composite material, and the preparation method thereof is as follows:
s01, weighing 2g of silica nanoparticles with the particle size of 100nm, placing the silica nanoparticles in 30ml of mineral oil, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 30min to uniformly disperse the silica nanoparticles in the mineral oil to prepare a silica dispersion liquid.
S02, weighing 10g of high-density polyethylene, adding the high-density polyethylene into the silicon dioxide dispersion liquid in the step S01, sealing a reaction container, and then placing the reaction container in a silicone oil bath for heating and smelting to prepare the polyethylene-silicon dioxide nano particle mixed liquid.
Wherein the molecular weight of the high-density polyethylene is 400 ten thousand, the heating and smelting temperature is 160 ℃, the time is 90min, and the stirring is kept in the smelting process, and the stirring rotating speed is 450rpm.
S03, casting polyethylene-silicon dioxide nano particle mixed solution on the surface of the preheated glass substrate to form a polyethylene-silicon dioxide nano particle composite film layer, wherein the thickness of the film layer is 400 mu m, and placing the film layer in a pure water coagulation bath at 27 ℃ for phase separation after the film layer is in a semi-molding state to prepare the polyethylene-silicon dioxide nano particle composite film layer. The film was then rinsed in acetone to remove the diluent from the film. And drying at normal temperature after cleaning is finished, and removing acetone on the surface of the film layer.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a polyethylene-silicon dioxide nanoparticle composite material, and the preparation method thereof is as follows:
s01, weighing 2g of silica nanoparticles with the particle size of 120nm, placing the silica nanoparticles in 30ml of mineral oil, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 30min to uniformly disperse the silica nanoparticles in the mineral oil to prepare a silica dispersion liquid.
S02, weighing 20g of high-density polyethylene, adding the high-density polyethylene into the silicon dioxide dispersion liquid in the step S01, sealing a reaction container, and then placing the reaction container in a silicone oil bath for heating and smelting to prepare the polyethylene-silicon dioxide nano particle mixed liquid.
Wherein the molecular weight of the high-density polyethylene is 500 ten thousand, the heating and smelting temperature is 160 ℃, the time is 90min, and the stirring is kept in the smelting process, and the stirring rotating speed is 450rpm.
S03, casting polyethylene-silicon dioxide nano particle mixed solution on the surface of the preheated glass substrate to form a polyethylene-silicon dioxide nano particle composite film layer, wherein the thickness of the film layer is 400 mu m, and placing the film layer in a pure water coagulation bath at 27 ℃ for phase separation after the film layer is in a semi-molding state to prepare the polyethylene-silicon dioxide nano particle composite film layer. The film was then rinsed in acetone to remove the diluent from the film. And drying at normal temperature after cleaning is finished, and removing acetone on the surface of the film layer.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example provides a polyethylene-silica nanoparticle composite, the preparation of which is similar to example 1, except that: the mass ratio of the silica nanoparticles to the high density polyethylene was 1%.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example provides a polyethylene-silica nanoparticle composite, the preparation of which is similar to example 1, except that: no silica nanoparticles were added.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example provides a polyethylene-silica nanoparticle composite, the preparation of which is similar to example 1, except that: the diameter of the selected silicon dioxide nano particles is larger than 150nm.
Comparative example 4
This comparative example provides a polyethylene-silica nanoparticle composite, the preparation of which is similar to example 1, except that: the temperature of the heating and smelting is 140 ℃ and the time is 90min, stirring is kept in the smelting process, and the stirring rotating speed is 450rpm.
Test example 1
The polyethylene-silica nanoparticle composite film layers prepared in examples 1 to 2 and comparative examples 1 to 2 were observed under a scanning electron microscope to obtain the results shown in fig. 1 to 4.
As can be seen from fig. 1 to 4, all the membrane layers exhibit a leaf-like structure, but the membrane layers of examples 1 and 2 of the present invention form finer and more uniform pores, which are advantageous for the separation of microporous membranes, whereas the structure of comparative example 1 is more dense and has a low porosity when the content of silica is increased. When the silica content was 0, the structure of comparative example 2 had larger voids and poor uniformity of voids.
Test example 2
The polyethylene-silica nanoparticle composite film layers prepared in examples 1 to 2 and comparative examples 1 to 4 were subjected to hydrophilicity detection and mechanical property detection.
The contact angle detection method is to use a liquid to drop on the surface of a substrate prepared from the polyethylene-silicon dioxide nano particle composite material, and the contact angle measurement is adopted.
The detection method of the relative pure water flux comprises the following steps: setting the transmembrane pressure to be 0.4bar, setting the aeration parameter to be 0.5L/min, and detecting by adopting an ultrafiltration membrane flux measuring method.
The average porosity is measured by weighing.
The detection method of the mechanical strength is a static force experiment method.
The method for detecting the elongation at break was a tensile test method, and the results shown in Table 1 were obtained.
TABLE 1 hydrophilicity and mechanical Properties of polyethylene-silica nanoparticle composite film
As can be seen from Table 1, the polyethylene-silica nanoparticle composite film provided by the embodiment of the invention can achieve both the hydrophilicity and the mechanical property of the film, and the polyethylene-silica nanoparticle composite film with good hydrophilicity and mechanical property is obtained.
Further, the pure water flux results of the polyethylene-silica nanoparticle composite membrane layers of example 1 and comparative example 2 are shown in fig. 5. Among them, the membrane layer of example 1 had a pure water flux higher than that of comparative example 2 at all times due to the increased hydrophilicity.
Test example 3
The polyethylene-silica nanoparticle composite film layers prepared in examples 1 to 2 and comparative examples 1 to 4 were subjected to anti-contamination capability detection.
Flux of water J 0 Calculated from the following formula (1):
wherein t is the time of water flow, in h, V is the permeate volume at time t, in L, A is the effective membrane surface area, in m 2 Water flux J 0 Is in units of L/m 2 ·h。
And (3) continuously filtering the sludge mixed liquor in the polyethylene-silicon dioxide nano particle composite membrane layer membrane under the same conditions. After about 6 hours of filtration test, the polyethylene-silica nanoparticle composite membrane layer film was immersed in sewage, and the pure water flux value J of the filtration after contamination was calculated according to formula (1) 1 . The cake layer on the membrane surface was then gently removed with a sponge and the membrane rinsed with deionized water. Finally, fixing the polyethylene-silicon dioxide nano particle composite membrane layer membrane on the membrane component, filtering pure water again, and calculating the pure water flux value J after treatment according to the formula (1) 2 . According to J 1 And J 2 The Total Fouling Ratio (TFR), reversible Fouling Ratio (RFR), irreversible Fouling Ratio (IFR) and water Flux Recovery (FR) were calculated to give the results shown in table 2.
Wherein the calculation formulas of the Total Fouling Ratio (TFR), the Reversible Fouling Ratio (RFR), the Irreversible Fouling Ratio (IFR) and the water flux recovery rate (FR) are as follows:
TABLE 2 anti-fouling capability of polyethylene-silica nanoparticle composite film layers
As can be seen from table 2, the total scale of the inventive examples is significantly reduced compared to the comparative examples, and the reversible scale ratio and the irreversible scale ratio are both lower, the water flux recovery rate is large, the silica content in comparative example 1 is increased, while the irreversible scale ratio is reduced, the reversible scale ratio is higher, and the subsequent treatment process is increased; in comparative example 2, no silica is added, the reversible fouling ratio and the irreversible fouling ratio are both increased, and after the irreversible fouling ratio is increased, the subsequent treatment process is more difficult; the silicon dioxide in comparative example 3 has larger particle size, the reversible dirt is obviously increased, and the subsequent treatment process is increased; the melting temperature of comparative example 4 is low, resulting in insufficient reaction of the polyethylene-silica nanoparticle composite material and low water flux recovery rate; the scheme of the embodiment 1 of the application has better anti-pollution effect and better water flux recovery rate.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A polyethylene-silica nanoparticle composite comprising a polyethylene matrix and silica nanoparticles dispersed within the polyethylene matrix.
2. The polyethylene-silica nanoparticle composite of claim 1, wherein the polyethylene is a high density polyethylene;
preferably, the high density polyethylene has a molecular weight of 300 to 600 ten thousand.
3. The polyethylene-silica nanoparticle composite of claim 2, wherein the weight ratio of silica nanoparticles to the high density polyethylene is from 0.2 to 0.6%;
preferably, the particle size of the silica nanoparticles is 100 to 150nm.
4. The polyethylene-silica nanoparticle composite of claim 1, wherein the shape of the polyethylene-silica nanoparticle composite comprises any one of a film layer, a plate, or a pipe.
5. A method for preparing a polyethylene-silica nanoparticle composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising dispersing silica nanoparticles and a polyethylene raw material in a diluent, heating and melting to obtain a polyethylene-silica nanoparticle mixed solution, and solidifying the polyethylene-silica nanoparticle mixed solution to obtain the polyethylene-silica nanoparticle composite material.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the heat smelting comprises oil bath heat smelting of the polyethylene feedstock and silica nanoparticles in a sealed vessel;
preferably, the temperature of the heating and smelting is 150-170 ℃, the smelting time is 80-100 min, stirring is kept in the smelting process, and the stirring rotating speed is 400-500 rpm;
preferably, the oil bath comprises any one of methyl silicone oil bath, ethyl silicone oil bath and trifluoropropyl silicone oil bath.
7. The method of preparing according to claim 5, wherein dispersing silica nanoparticles and polyethylene raw materials in a diluent comprises: dispersing silica nanoparticles in the diluent, and then adding polyethylene raw materials into the diluent;
preferably, the mass volume ratio of the silica nano particles to the diluent is 1 g:10-20 mL;
preferably, the diluent comprises any one of mineral oil and liquid paraffin;
preferably, dispersing the silica nanoparticles in the diluent comprises using ultrasonic dispersion for 20-40 minutes.
8. The method according to claim 5, wherein the solidifying comprises solidifying the polyethylene-silica nanoparticle mixture after casting;
preferably, the temperature of the normal temperature water bath is 24-30 ℃.
9. The method of claim 8, further comprising washing the polyethylene-silica nanoparticle composite in a detergent after solidification;
preferably, the cleaning agent includes any one of acetone, sodium hydroxide and acetone of 1% tween.
10. Use of a polyethylene-silica nanoparticle composite according to any one of claims 1 to 4 or a polyethylene-silica nanoparticle composite produced according to the production process of any one of claims 5 to 9 in an anti-fouling material.
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