CN1163631C - Coated turning insert - Google Patents

Coated turning insert Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1163631C
CN1163631C CNB961965428A CN96196542A CN1163631C CN 1163631 C CN1163631 C CN 1163631C CN B961965428 A CNB961965428 A CN B961965428A CN 96196542 A CN96196542 A CN 96196542A CN 1163631 C CN1163631 C CN 1163631C
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blade
layer
coating
weight
thickness
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CN1194015A (en
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比约恩·永贝里
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莱夫·奥克索恩
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Sandvik AB
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Sandvik AB
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C30/00—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
    • C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
    • C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
    • B23B27/14—Cutting tools of which the bits or tips or cutting inserts are of special material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C30/00—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process
    • C23C30/005—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process on hard metal substrates
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T407/00—Cutters, for shaping
    • Y10T407/27—Cutters, for shaping comprising tool of specific chemical composition
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24942—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including components having same physical characteristic in differing degree
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24942—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including components having same physical characteristic in differing degree
    • Y10T428/2495—Thickness [relative or absolute]
    • Y10T428/24967—Absolute thicknesses specified
    • Y10T428/24975—No layer or component greater than 5 mils thick
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/26—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified physical dimension
    • Y10T428/263—Coating layer not in excess of 5 mils thick or equivalent
    • Y10T428/264—Up to 3 mils
    • Y10T428/265—1 mil or less
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31678—Of metal

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
  • Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)
  • Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Optical Record Carriers (AREA)
  • Graft Or Block Polymers (AREA)
  • Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
  • Drilling Tools (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention discloses a coated turning insert particularly useful for turning of forged components in low alloyed steel. The insert is characterised by a WC-Co cemented carbide body having a highly W-alloyed Co-binder phase and a coating including an innermost layer of TiCxNyOz with columnar grains and a top layer of fine grained kappa -Al2O3.

Description

The turning insert of coating
The present invention relates to a kind of cutting tool (being sintered carbide insert) of coating.This cutter is particularly suitable under some difficult machining conditions especially, for example in cold and hot forging workpiece of turning low alloy steel such as automotive industry when used ring gear and tooth axle and at turning stainless steel work-piece such as stainless steel bar, when stainless steel tube and stainless steel cam.
In general, stainless steel and low alloy steel material with coating or do not have coating sintered-carbide tool process all very difficultly, reason is that workpiece material usually can besmirch the edge of a knife or insert coating is come off.Machining condition was particularly harsh when (when using refrigerant) turning low-alloy forged workpiece under wet environment especially; reason is that (0.05～0.2mm) understands decarburization usually, therefore is mainly ferritic structure and can causes the forging top layer of heat softer than body phase material on hot forging top layer.And the process cold working of cold forging surface (less than 0.05mm), so the strain hardening effect makes the top layer harder than body phase material.And the ferrite of this material/pearlite bulk structure usually forms ferrite streaks, as the parallel stripes of ferrite and pearlite formation.The mixture of this soft or hard material makes particularly difficulty of cutting.
Moreover with sintered-carbide tool turning stainless steel that applies and low alloy steel the time, the edge of a knife usually can be damaged because chemical erosion, friction and the wearing and tearing of so-called viscosity.The viscosity wearing and tearing normally limit a kind of wearing and tearing of cutter life.Along with formation at the workpiece fragment, when the fragment in the cutter laminate structure or particle when the edge of a knife comes off, causes subsequently that the part of sintered carbide is peeled off, the viscosity wearing and tearing have just taken place.Also have, when wetting turning, another kind of wear mechanism can accelerated wear test.In the crack that refrigerant and workpiece material form in the time of can being penetrated into the coating cooling.This infiltration can cause the chemical reaction between workpiece material and refrigeration agent and the sintered carbide usually.Co bonding mutually also can be near the crack the zone and along the interface oxidation of coating and sintered carbide.Coating will come off one by one after for some time.
Swedish patent application 9501286-0 discloses a kind of turning insert of coating of the graphitic cast iron that is specially adapted to dry grind.This blade features is an a kind of pure WC-Co sintered carbide matrix and a coating, and this coating comprises one deck TiC xN yO zColumn crystal granulosa and one deck are as outer field α Al mutually 2O 3The particulate layer.
Swedish patent 9502640-7 discloses a kind of intermittently turning insert of the coating of turning low alloy steel that is specially adapted to.This blade features is an a kind of WC-Co sintered carbide matrix and a coating, and this sintered carbide matrix has mutually bonding with W height interfused Co, and described coating comprises one deck TiC xN yO zColumn crystal granulosa and one deck are as outer field α Al mutually 2O 3The layer of particulate, textured.
As α phase Al with the veined blade of above-mentioned patent application 2O 3With κ phase Al 2O 3When layer was replaced, we found to have obtained a kind of cutting tool of having outstanding performance when turning stainless steel and low alloy steel forge workpiece of being used for uncannily.
Fig. 1 is the microscope image after amplifying 5000 times according to coating blade of the present invention, wherein:
A----sintered carbide matrix
B----TiC xN yO zThe equiax crystal granulosa
C----TiC xN yO zThe column crystal granulosa
D---κ phase Al 2O 3Class column crystal granulosa
E----TiN layer (choosing wantonly)
According to the invention provides a kind of turning cutting tool blade, this blade has and consists of 5～11% (weight), preferred 5～8% (weight), the Co of 6.5～8% (weight) most preferably, 2～10% (weight), preferred 4～7.5% (weight), the isometric system metallic carbide of 5～7% (weight) most preferably, surplus is the sintered carbide matrix of WC, wherein the metallic element in the isometric system metallic carbide is selected from the 4th in the periodic table of elements, the the 5th or the 6th subgroup, preferred Ti, Ta and/or Nb.The grain size of WC is about 2 μ m, and Co is bonding highly to fuse with W, and bonding W content in mutually can be represented by the formula:
CW ratio=Ms/ (Co% (weight) 0.0161)
Ms represents the saturation magnetization of the sintered carbide matrix of surveying in the formula, and unit is kA/m; Co% (weight) is the weight percentage of Co in the sintered carbide.CW than for Co bonding mutually in the function of W content.The bonding content height of middle W mutually, CW is littler than just.
The present invention has been found that if the CW ratio of sintered carbide matrix is 0.76～0.92, and is preferred 0.80～0.90, and the cutting ability of cutter can be improved.Can contain a small amount of in the sintered carbide matrix as η phase (M less than 1% (volume) 6C) and can not cause bad influence.According to prior art such as United States Patent (USP) 4,610, described in 931; in a preferred embodiment; a thick surf zone of about 15～35 μ m is arranged, lacks cubic carbide in this zone usually, and bonding mutually in enrichment (have usually and be higher than 25% enrichment).In this case, sintered carbide can contain carboritride (carbonitride) or even nitride.
Coating preferably comprises:
-one layer thickness is the TiC of 0.1～2 μ m xN yO zThe equiax crystal granulosa, wherein, x+y+z=1, preferred z is less than 0.5, and grain-size is less than 0.5 μ m;
-one layer thickness is 3～15 μ m, the TiC of preferred 5～8 μ m xN yO zThe column crystal granulosa, wherein, x+y+z=1, preferred z equals 0, and x is greater than 0.3, and y is greater than 0.3, and average grain diameter is less than 5 μ m, preferably less than 2 μ m.In another embodiment, the outer layer segment of this layer can contain aerobic, and z is less than 0.5;
The Al that-one deck is level and smooth 2O 3Particulate layer (grain-size is 0.5～2 μ m).Al in this layer 2O 3Basically by the κ phase composite.But can contain the e or the α phase of a small amount of as 1～3% (volume), these can detect by XRD mutually.This Al 2O 3Layer thickness can be 1-9 μ m, and preferred 1-3 μ m or this layer thickness are 4～8 μ m and at the long scope inside surface roughness R of 10 μ m Max＜0.4 μ m.This Al 2O 3Layer is preferably outermost layer, but can also add the skim ornament layer such as the TiN layer of (thickness is about 0.1-1 μ m) on this layer.
The method according to this invention, based on the WC-Co composition, contain one and highly fuse, have the mutually bonding of above-mentioned CW ratio with W and preferably have on the sintered carbide matrix at the surf zone of bonding phase enrichment
-to coat the first layer (innermost layer) thickness with known CVD method be the TiC of 0.1～2 μ m xN yO zThe equiax crystal granulosa, wherein, x+y+z=1, preferred z is less than 0.5, and grain-size is less than 0.5 μ m;
-be the TiC of 3～15 μ m, preferred 5～8 μ m with MTCVD deposition techniques last layer thickness again xN yO zColumn crystal granulosa (forming this layer as C, N source, under the temperature of 700-900C) with acetonitrile, wherein, x+y+z=1, preferably z equals 0, and perhaps z is less than 0.5, and x is greater than 0.3, and y is greater than 0.3, and average grain diameter is less than 5 μ m, preferably less than 2 μ m.And concrete condition is somewhat dependent upon the design of employed equipment.
-again according to the disclosed condition of EP-A-523021, the deposition last layer level and smooth, mainly by κ-Al 2O 3The Al that forms 2O 3Layer is as outer.This Al 2O 3The thickness of layer is that 1～9 μ m, preferred 1～3 μ m or this layer thickness are 4～8 μ m and at the long scope inside surface roughness R of 10 μ m Max≤ 0.4 μ m.This level and smooth coatingsurface can be by wet sand blast method Al 2O 3Fine powder (400～150 order) is gently handled coatingsurface or is obtained with the SiC brush scrubbing edge of a knife by disclosed method among the Swedish patent 9402543-4.
Embodiment 1:
A. model is the sintered carbide turning cutting tool blade of CNMG 120408-PM, its matrix consist of 7.5% (weight) Co, 1.8% (weight) TiC, 0.5% (weight) TiN, 3.0% (weight) TaC, 0.4% (weight) NbC, surplus is WC, this tool matrix has a kind of mutually bonding with W height interfused, and bonding middle mutually CW ratio is equivalent to 0.88.On this tool matrix, be coated with the thick TiCN equiax crystal granulosa of one deck 0.5 μ m (content of nitrogen is higher in this layer, and the C/N ratio is estimated as 0.05); (temperature is 885-850 ℃, CH to be coated with the thick TiCN column crystal granulosa of last layer 7 μ m with the MTCVD technology again 3CN is carbon, nitrogenous source).Next, in the identical coating cycle, according to the disclosed method of EP-A-523021, at 970 ℃ and H 2The S concentration of dopant is to continue the thick Al of deposition last layer 1.5 μ m under 0.4% the condition 2O 3Layer.Coat skim (0.5 μ m) TiN ornament layer again according to known CVD technology at last.The XRD detected result shows Al 2O 3Layer is by 100% κ phase Al 2O 3Form.This sintered carbide matrix has and is about the thick surf zone of 25 μ m, and this zone lacks cubic carbide and in bonding 30% the enrichment of having an appointment in mutually.Clean the blade of coating with the nylon brush that contains SiC crystal grain, the blade of cleaning with light microscopy then, the result shows that the TiN thin layer that has only along the edge of a knife is wiped, and is left one deck Al level and smooth, Ra=0.3 μ m 2O 3Layer is as outer.Proved except along the outermost TiN layer of the edge of a knife is removed that by measuring the coat-thickness of being cleaned sample in cross section coating is loss not.
B.) the famous carbide manufacturer of a kind of foreign country sintered carbide that produce, that have very strong competitive power, model C NMG 120408, are used as the contrast blade of turning test.This carbide consist of 9.8% (weight) Co, 0.2% (weight) TiC, 2.0% (weight) TaC, surplus is WC, the CW ratio is 0.86.Insert coating has the thick TiCN layer by one deck 5 μ m, the thick Al of one deck 1.5 μ m 2O 3The coating that the TiN layer that layer and one deck 0.5 μ m are thick is formed.The opticmicroscope detected result show finish coat operations after, the edge of a knife does not carry out grinding process.
The blade B that makes among the blade A that makes among the A and the B is compared in the turning test of heat forged ring gear (diameter 206mm, material are TSCM 815H).To each turning cycle that each workpiece carried out by one towards cutting, a straight-cut and a chamfered edge cutting are formed.Feeding speed is that 0.35mm/ changes, and cutting speed is about 230m/min.
At first, process 150 workpiece separately, measure the outer lateral wearing of blade then with blade A and blade B.Because the wearing and tearing of blade A seldom, so blade A is used to cut more workpiece, sum reaches 354.The outer wear pattern of each blade is listed in the table below:
The outer lateral wearing (mm) of processing work number actual measurement blade
Blade A (by the present invention) 150 0.07
Blade A (by the present invention) 354 0.08
Blade B (foreign brands) 150 0.10
With the blade that microscope comes check test to cross, check result shows that blade B has slight surfacial spalling, even and blade A peels off also not obvious having processed 354 workpiece rear surfaces.
The blade outside wear data of above gained shows that significantly the blade that makes according to the present invention is more superior, and the life-span is longer.
Embodiment 2:
D.) a kind of famous carbide manufacturer of another foreign country of family sintered carbide that produce, that have very strong competitive power, model C NMG 120408, are used as the contrast blade of turning test.The chemical constitution of this sintered carbide matrix is: 7.6% (weight) Co, 2.4% (weight) TiC, 0.5% (weight) TiN, 2.4% (weight) TaC, 0.3%NbC (weight), surplus is WC.It is about 20 surf zones μ m, that lack cubic carbide that this sintered carbide has a thickness.Though the composition of this sintered carbide is to of the present invention similar, CW is 0.93 than higher, and the coating difference.Its coating is by the thick TiCN layer of one deck 5 μ m, the TiC layer that one deck 3.5 μ m are thick, the thick Al of one deck 1.5 μ m 2O 3The TiN layer that layer and one deck 0.5 μ m are thick is formed.The opticmicroscope detected result show finish coating operation after, the edge of a knife does not carry out grinding process.
The blade D that makes among the blade A that makes among the A and the D is being compared in the test of turning heat forged ring gear (external diameter 180mm, internal diameter 98mm material is SCr420H), and feeding speed is that 0.25-0.35mm/ changes, and cutting speed is about 220m/min.Comparative standard is the workpiece number of every kind of blade processing when lateral wearing reaches predetermined extent such as 0.08mm outside the blade.
The outer lateral wearing (mm) of workpiece number actual measurement blade
Blade A (by the present invention) edge of a knife 1 203 0.08
Blade A (by the present invention) edge of a knife 2 226 0.08
Blade D (foreign brands) 182 0.08
Embodiment 3
C.) sintered carbide turning cutting tool blade, model WNMG 080408-PM forms identical with blade A and CW is 0.88 than also.On this blade, apply according to the method among the A.The XRD detected result shows Al 2O 3Layer is by 100% κ phase composite.This blade is cleaned according to the method among the A.
E.) same sintered carbide manufacturer produces among a kind of and the D, model is the blade of WNMG080408, its CW than, carbide is formed forms all identically with blade described in the D with coating, this kind blade is used as the contrast blade that turning is tested.The opticmicroscope detected result shows that after finishing coating operation the edge of a knife does not carry out grinding process.
The blade E that makes among the blade C that makes among the C and the E is compared in the test of a kind of forging axle (length is 487mm, and diameter is 27-65mm, and material is 50CV4) towards turning, and feeding speed is that 0.28-0.30mm/ changes, and cutting speed is about 160m/min.Each edge of a knife is processed three axles, checks the wear pattern of the edge of a knife with opticmicroscope.
The outer lateral wearing of blade C (by the present invention) does not have the surface to come off less than 0.07mm
The outer lateral wearing of blade E (foreign brands) has fragment and surface less than 0.07mm along the edge of a knife
Come off
Embodiment 4
F.) will with the sintered carbide turning cutting tool of same lot number among the A, model C NMG120408-PM applies by the method for Swedish patent 9502640-7.TiCN equiax crystal granulosa that TiCN column crystal granulosa, one deck 1 μ m that coating is the thick TiCN equiax crystal granulosa of one deck 0.5 μ m, one deck 7 μ m are thick is thick and the thick veined α-Al of 012-of one deck 4 μ m 2O 3Layer.Blade water/Al 2O 3Slurries carry out wet sand blast to be handled with the polishing coatingsurface.
G.) be that the sintered carbide turning cutting tool blade of CNMG 120408-PM is by A with model) in step carry out coating, consisting of of the sintered carbide of this cutter: (3.3% (weight) TiC, 3.4% (weight) TaC, 2.1% (weight) NbC, surplus is WC to the cubic carbide of 6.5% (weight) Co, 8.8% (weight).The CW ratio of this sintered carbide is 1.0, and has one to lack isometric system and at the surf zone of bonding phase enrichment, thickness is 23 μ m.The XRD detected result shows Al 2O 3Layer is only by the κ phase composite.
The blade that will make according to method described in A, F, G, the B compares in the test of a kind of cold and hot forged, ring gear that material is SCr420H of turning.
Outside diameter of gear 190mm, internal diameter 98mm.The turning that each workpiece experienced is formed towards cutting and a straight-cut by three times.Feeding speed is that 0.25-0.40mm/ changes, and cutting speed is about 200m/min.The wear pattern of checking every kind of blade edge of a knife after having processed 170 workpiece is comparing.
Blade A (by the present invention) does not have tangible coating shedding, outer lateral wearing＜0.07mm
Blade F (CW is than=0.88) has partial coating to come off along the edge of a knife, outer lateral wearing＜0.08mm
Blade G (CW is than=1.0) comes off outer lateral wearing＞0.10mm substantially along edge of a knife partial coating
Blade B (foreign brands) has partial coating to come off along the edge of a knife, outer lateral wearing＜0.08mm
Although the blade F that makes by Swedish patent 9502640-7 method generally when cutting low alloy steel performance outstanding, when the cold and hot forging workpiece of some low alloy steel of cutting, be not to be equal to mutually with the blade A that makes by the present invention.
Embodiment 5
H.) will with the A of embodiment 1 in batch blade by embodiment 1 given step apply, just be coated with Al 2O 3The treatment time extends to 7.5 hours during layer, makes Al 2O 3The thickness of layer reaches 5.5 μ m.Coat skim (0.5 μ m) TiN ornament layer by the technology of prior art again.
I.) be coated with the thick Al of last layer 5 μ m again being coated with the thick TiCN equiax crystal granulosa 3 of last layer 7 μ m earlier by the technology of prior art on batch blade made from H 2O 3Layer is coated with the thick TiN top coat of last layer 0.5 μ m at last.XRD analysis result shows Al 2O 3Layer by α mutually with κ Al mutually 2O 3Form, the ratio of two-phase is about 30/70.The blade that makes among H and the A is cleaned after coating to remove the TiN layer, the edge of a knife of scraping.
The blade that makes among H, A and the I is tested in the vertical turning operation in gap.Workpiece material is low-alloy soft steel (SCr420H), is shaped as external diameter 190mm, internal diameter 30mm, thickness is the ring of 22mm.Each vertically stroke (passage) along the ring thickness direction comprises every imm22 feed number of times (in-cuts).When writing down each blade and the surface just having occurred and come off along the number of times of ring thickness directional run to compare.
The number of times of the stroke before blade edge of a knife surface comes off
A.) by the present invention 240
1.5μm?Al 2O 3
H.) by the present invention 180
5.5μm?Al 2O 3
I.) by prior art 40
5μm?Al 2O 3
The blade of making by H and A also ball bearing stee (material is SKF25B, v=250m/min, f=0.3mm/ changes, and compares in the cutting test of depth of cut=2mm).In current test, crescent hollow abrasion is main.Behind the blade operation 15min, measure the crescent hollow abrasion of the hollow cartographic represenation of area of crescent moon, area is with mm 2Be unit.
Area (the mm in blade crescent moon low-lying area 2)
A.) by the present invention 0.9
1.5μm?Al 2O 3
H.) by the present invention 0.5
5.5μm?Al 2O 3
Above test-results clearly illustrates that the ability that blade I comes off than the anti-surface of blade H, blade A.And the ability that blade H has anti-preferably crescent hollow abrasion and anti-surface to come off; The ability that blade A has the strongest anti-surface to come off, the cutting operation environment of the requirement that therefore can be used for need very high anti-surface coming off.
Embodiment 6
H. sintered carbide turning cutting tool blade that model is TNMG 160408-MM, it consists of 7.5% (weight) Co, 1.8% (weight) TiC, 3.0% (weight) TaC, 0.4% (weight) NbC, and surplus is WC, and the CW ratio is 0.88.It is 25 μ m that this sintered carbide has a bed thickness, lack the surf zone of cubic carbide.Scribble the thick TiCN equiax crystal granulosa that contains high nitrogen component of one deck 0.5 μ m as the innermost layer on this blade, wherein the C/N ratio is estimated as about 0.05; Also has one deck TiCN column crystal granulosa on the MT-CVD deposition techniques, that 7.2 μ m are thick.In follow-up step, in identical applying step, according to the thick layer of disclosed step coating one deck 1.2 μ m among the EP-A-523021 by pure κ phase composite.In same circulation, at this Al 2O 3Deposition last layer TiN layer on the layer.After finishing coating, clean coated chip, wipe the outer TiN of the edge of a knife with the nylon brush that contains SiC.
I. the famous sintered carbide manufacturer sintered carbide turning cutting tool blade that produce, that have very strong competitive power of a foreign country, model TNMG 160408, are used as the contrast blade of turning test.The composition of this carbide is 9.0% (weight) Co, 0.2% (weight) TiC, 1.7% (weight) TaC, 0.2% (weight) NbC, and surplus is WC, and cutting the CW ratio is 0.90.This blade has a coating, and coating is by the thick TiC of 1.0 μ m, the thick TiN of 0.8 μ m, and the thick TiC of 1.0 μ m, and as the thick TiN of outermost 0.8 μ m.The opticmicroscope detected result shows that after finishing coating the edge of a knife does not carry out any processing again.
Blade H and I have carried out in the vertically turning test of a kind of composite stainless steel of dry cut (duplexstainless steel) axle.
Feeding speed is that 0.3mm/ changes, and speed is 140m/min, and depth of cut is 2mm.Total cutting time is 12min on each workpiece.
On the blade I viscous deformation is arranged, and some otch wearing and tearing (notch wear) are arranged on the blade H.
Need only an edge of a knife according to blade H of the present invention and just can finish an above-mentioned workpiece, and blade I needs 4 edges of a knife just can finish a workpiece.

Claims (1)

1. the blade that comprises the cutting tool that is used for turning low alloy steel of sintered carbide matrix and coating, it is characterized in that: described sintered carbide matrix is by WC, 6.5-8.0 weight %Co, the cubic carbide 4-7.5 weight % of Ti, Ta and/or Nb reaches and the bonding phase composite of W height interfused, wherein bonding middle mutually CW is than being 0.80-0.90, the sintered carbide matrix has 15～35 μ m thick and lack the surf zone of cubic carbide, and described coating is made up of following each layer:
-innermost layer, it is the TiC of 0.1～2 μ m for thickness xN yO zEquiax crystal granulosa, this equiax crystal particle size be less than 0.5 μ m, x+y+z=1 and z＜0.5 in the above-mentioned molecular formula;
-thickness is the TiC of 5～8 μ m xN yColumn crystal granulosa, this columnar grain diameter be less than 5 μ m, x+y=1 and x＞0.3 and y＞0.3 in the above-mentioned molecular formula;
-skin, it is the κ phase Al slick, that particle diameter is 0.5～2 μ m 2O 3Particulate layer, this layer thickness are 1～3 μ m and at the long scope inside surface roughness R of 10 μ m Max≤ 0.4 μ m.
-outermost layer, it has been removed along the edge of a knife and it is that thickness is the TiN layer of 0.1～1 μ m.
CNB961965428A 1995-09-01 1996-08-30 Coated turning insert Expired - Fee Related CN1163631C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE95030565 1995-09-01
SE9503056A SE511210C2 (en) 1995-09-01 1995-09-01 Coated cutting tool insert

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CN1194015A CN1194015A (en) 1998-09-23
CN1163631C true CN1163631C (en) 2004-08-25

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JP (1) JPH11512033A (en)
KR (1) KR100388759B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1163631C (en)
AT (1) ATE208440T1 (en)
BR (1) BR9610368A (en)
DE (1) DE69616810T2 (en)
HK (1) HK1016223A1 (en)
IL (1) IL123381A (en)
SE (1) SE511210C2 (en)

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SE523826C2 (en) * 2002-03-20 2004-05-25 Seco Tools Ab Cutter coated with TiAIN for high speed machining of alloy steels, ways of making a cutter and use of the cutter
DE102004010285A1 (en) * 2004-03-03 2005-09-29 Walter Ag Coating for a cutting tool and manufacturing process
AT12293U1 (en) * 2009-10-05 2012-03-15 Ceratizit Austria Gmbh CUTTING TOOL FOR MACHINING METALLIC MATERIALS
WO2013042790A1 (en) * 2011-09-22 2013-03-28 株式会社タンガロイ Surface-coated cutting tool
JP5876755B2 (en) * 2012-03-21 2016-03-02 三菱マテリアル株式会社 Surface-coated cutting tool that exhibits excellent lubricity, chipping resistance, and wear resistance in high-speed interrupted cutting

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IL123381A0 (en) 1998-09-24
CN1194015A (en) 1998-09-23
KR100388759B1 (en) 2003-11-01
HK1016223A1 (en) 1999-10-29
SE9503056L (en) 1997-03-02
DE69616810D1 (en) 2001-12-13
ATE208440T1 (en) 2001-11-15
DE69616810T2 (en) 2002-04-04
KR19990044327A (en) 1999-06-25
IL123381A (en) 2000-12-06
SE511210C2 (en) 1999-08-23
BR9610368A (en) 1999-07-06
SE9503056D0 (en) 1995-09-01
JPH11512033A (en) 1999-10-19

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