CN116358279A - Vibration mixed flow and steam flash explosion combined low-rank coal dehydration and quality improvement system and method - Google Patents
Vibration mixed flow and steam flash explosion combined low-rank coal dehydration and quality improvement system and method Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B20/00—Combinations of machines or apparatus covered by two or more of groups F26B9/00 - F26B19/00
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B17/00—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
- F26B17/26—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by reciprocating or oscillating conveyors propelling materials over stationary surfaces; with movement performed by reciprocating or oscillating shelves, sieves, or trays
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/001—Drying-air generating units, e.g. movable, independent of drying enclosure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/004—Nozzle assemblies; Air knives; Air distributors; Blow boxes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/02—Circulating air or gases in closed cycles, e.g. wholly within the drying enclosure
- F26B21/04—Circulating air or gases in closed cycles, e.g. wholly within the drying enclosure partly outside the drying enclosure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
- F26B25/06—Chambers, containers, or receptacles
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B9/00—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards
- F26B9/06—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards in stationary drums or chambers
- F26B9/063—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards in stationary drums or chambers for drying granular material in bulk, e.g. grain bins or silos with false floor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B2200/00—Drying processes and machines for solid materials characterised by the specific requirements of the drying good
- F26B2200/08—Granular materials
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Abstract
The invention relates to a low-rank coal dehydration and quality improvement system and method by vibration mixed flow and steam flash explosion, belongs to the technical field of lignite or low-rank coal quality improvement, and solves the problems of poor dehydration effect or high natural risk in the dehydration process of the existing lignite or low-rank coal in the prior art. The invention comprises a vibration mixed flow unit and a steam explosion unit, wherein the vibration mixed flow unit is used for removing free water on the surface of a coal sample in advance and realizing a loose coal bed, and the steam explosion unit is used for removing capillary water in the coal treated by the vibration mixed flow unit. The invention realizes the high efficiency and low consumption of the lignite/low rank coal dehydration process through the cooperative use of vibration mixed flow dehydration and steam explosion dehydration, and has low final coal sample temperature, low spontaneous combustion probability and high product safety coefficient.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lignite or low-rank coal upgrading, in particular to a low-rank coal dehydration upgrading system and method by combining vibration mixed flow with steam flash explosion.
Background
Efficient upgrading and utilization of lignite/low rank coal are imperative.
The lignite/low rank coal surface properties and pore structure together lead to the general excessive water content of the coal types. The surface of lignite/low-rank coal is rich in various polar oxygen-containing functional groups, so that the surface of the lignite/low-rank coal has extremely strong hydrophilicity; meanwhile, the lignite/low-rank coal particles contain a large number of pores, and under the combined action of capillary action and surface hydrophilicity, the lignite/low-rank coal contains a large number of capillary water, so that the water content of the coal is too high, and the promotion of the efficient quality improvement utilization of the lignite/low-rank coal is greatly hindered.
The existing coal dehydration equipment mainly comprises mechanical extrusion dehydration and thermal dehydration, the mechanical extrusion dehydration has poor removal effect on the water stored in micropores of lignite/low-rank coal, the thermal dehydration needs to realize phase change of the water stored in the micropores by means of heat energy input by a system, so that the dehydration energy consumption is too high, and meanwhile, the temperature of a thermal dehydration product is generally higher, so that a certain spontaneous combustion risk exists.
Therefore, the design of the lignite/low-rank coal efficient dehydration and upgrading system and method which are low in energy consumption, high in efficiency, low in product water content and extremely low in spontaneous combustion risk has great significance for efficient upgrading and utilization of lignite/low-rank coal.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above analysis, the embodiment of the invention aims to provide a low-rank coal dehydration quality-improving system and method by vibration mixed flow and steam flash explosion, which are used for solving the problems of poor dehydration effect or high natural risk in the dehydration process of the existing lignite or low-rank coal.
On one hand, the invention provides a low-rank coal dehydration and upgrading system with vibration mixed flow and steam explosion in cooperation, which comprises a vibration mixed flow unit and a steam explosion unit, wherein the vibration mixed flow unit is used for removing free water on the surface of a coal sample in advance and realizing a loose coal bed, and the steam explosion unit is used for removing capillary water in coal treated by the vibration mixed flow unit.
Further, the vibration mixed flow unit comprises a vibration mixed flow bin and a storage bin, wherein the vibration mixed flow bin is positioned on the upper portion of the storage bin, and the vibration mixed flow bin is communicated with the inner cavity of the storage bin.
Further, the vibration mixed flow unit comprises a vibration drying bed.
Further, a feeding pipe and an air outlet pipe are arranged at the top of the vibration mixed flow bin.
Further, the steam explosion unit comprises a gas explosion shell and a gas explosion high-pressure bin, and the gas explosion high-pressure bin is arranged in the gas explosion shell.
Further, the discharge port of the storage bin is communicated with the gas explosion high-pressure bin through a material guiding pipe, and the opening and closing of the discharge port of the storage bin are controlled through an electromagnetic valve.
Further, the steam explosion unit further comprises a gas explosion bin, the gas explosion bin is arranged below the gas explosion shell, and the lower end of the gas explosion shell is positioned in the gas explosion bin.
Further, the steam explosion unit further comprises a steam generator and a high-pressure air storage tank, wherein the steam generator is communicated with the high-pressure air storage tank, and the high-pressure air storage tank is communicated with the gas explosion high-pressure bin.
Further, the vibration mixed flow unit further comprises a flow divider.
On the other hand, the invention provides a low-rank coal dehydration method by vibration mixed flow and steam explosion, which adopts the low-rank coal dehydration system by vibration mixed flow and steam explosion, and comprises the following steps:
step S1: introducing dry air into the vibration mixed flow bin, starting a vibration drying bed, and preparing saturated steam through a steam generator;
step S2: conveying the coal sample to be dehydrated into the vibration mixed flow bin for surface dehydration, and storing hot air in the vibration mixed flow bin into a high-pressure air storage tank after being split and heated;
step S3: conveying the coal sample with the dehydrated surface into a gas explosion high-pressure bin, conveying saturated steam into the gas explosion high-pressure bin, and maintaining the pressure;
step S4: after the pressure maintaining is finished, the constraint of the gas explosion sealing valve is released, so that the coal sample in the gas explosion high-pressure bin enters the gas explosion bin, and the instantaneous gas explosion is completed to obtain a dehydrated product.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least one of the following beneficial effects:
(1) The invention realizes the high efficiency and low consumption of the lignite/low rank coal dehydration process through the cooperative use of the vibration mixed flow dehydration and the steam explosion dehydration, and the final coal sample temperature is low, the spontaneous combustion probability is low, and the product safety coefficient is high;
(2) According to the invention, free water on the surface of the coal sample is removed in advance by means of vibration mixed flow dehydration, loosening of the fed coal sample is realized, invasion of overheated high-pressure water vapor into coal pores in subsequent steam explosion dehydration is facilitated, and steam explosion dehydration efficiency is improved strongly;
(3) According to the invention, through the arrangement of the conical storage bin of the system and the design of the timing opening and closing of the electromagnetic valve, the two processes of vibration mixed flow dehydration and steam explosion dehydration are organically coupled, so that the continuity of the production process is realized;
(4) The invention finally removes capillary water in the coal through steam explosion dehydration, and the water is removed in a liquid form in a high-speed driving way without phase change, so that the energy consumption in the dehydration process is low and the energy utilization rate is high;
(5) According to the invention, the final dehydration is carried out on the coal sample through steam explosion, the high-speed expelling and removing of moisture in the coal are realized through the extremely high-speed pressure relief of the high-pressure bin, the steam explosion is almost completed in an instant, the process is intense and efficient, the process belongs to an adiabatic expansion process, and the heat loss of a system is small; meanwhile, the temperature of the final product is lower (about 50 ℃), the spontaneous combustion probability of the coal sample is low, and the safety coefficient of the product is high;
(6) After the air containing a large amount of water vapor is subjected to split flow treatment after vibration mixed flow dehydration, part of the air is mixed with saturated water vapor to be used as a high-temperature high-pressure medium in the vapor flash explosion process, so that the vapor consumption is reduced, the working intensity of a vapor generator is reduced, and meanwhile, the production cost is reduced;
(7) The high-temperature high-pressure medium in the steam explosion machine is steam generated by the steam generator and a large amount of steam-containing air discharged by the vibration mixed flow dryer, compared with single steam, the steam explosion machine has the advantages that the working intensity of the steam generator is reduced and the production cost is reduced in the modification process.
In the invention, the technical schemes can be mutually combined to realize more preferable combination schemes. Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and drawings.
Drawings
The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating particular embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention, like reference numerals being used to refer to like parts throughout the several views.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a low-rank coal dehydration and upgrading system with vibration mixed flow and steam explosion in cooperation with a specific embodiment.
Reference numerals:
100-vibrating mixed flow unit; 101-dehydration reaction kettle; 102-vibrating a mixed flow bin; 103-a storage bin; 104-vibrating the drying bed; 105-dry bed damper; 106-a cross beam; 107-a guide plate; 108-feeding pipe; 109-an outlet duct; 110-an electromagnetic valve; 111-a first air inlet pipe; 112-a first shock absorber; 113-a shunt;
200-steam explosion unit; 201-a gas explosion shell; 202-a gas explosion high-pressure bin; 203, air explosion sealing cover; 204, a gas explosion sealing valve; 205-sealing the cover plate; 206-a damping spring; 207-a material guiding pipe; 208-an air explosion bin; 209-a third discharge port; 210-a second shock absorber; 211-a second air inlet pipe; 212-an air heater; 213-steam generator; 214-a steam heater; 215-high pressure gas storage tank.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of preferred embodiments of the invention is made in connection with the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, and together with the description of the embodiments of the invention, are used to explain the principles of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
In one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, a low-rank coal dehydration system with vibration mixed flow and steam explosion is disclosed, which comprises a vibration mixed flow unit 100 and a steam explosion unit 200, wherein the vibration mixed flow unit 100 is used for removing free water on the surface of a coal sample in advance and realizing a loose coal bed, and the steam explosion unit 200 is used for removing capillary water in the coal treated by the vibration mixed flow unit 100.
Compared with the prior art, the vibration mixed flow and steam explosion combined low-rank coal dehydration upgrading system provided by the embodiment removes free water on the surface of the coal sample in advance by means of vibration mixed flow dehydration, realizes loosening of the fed coal sample, is more beneficial to invasion of overheated high-pressure steam in subsequent steam explosion dehydration to coal pores, and effectively improves steam explosion dehydration efficiency; the final dehydration is carried out on the coal sample through steam explosion, the high-speed expelling and removing of the moisture in the coal are realized through the extremely high-speed pressure relief of the high-pressure bin, the steam explosion is almost completed in an instant, the process is intense and efficient, the process belongs to an adiabatic expansion process, and the heat loss of a system is small; meanwhile, the temperature of the final product is lower (about 50 ℃), the spontaneous combustion probability of the coal sample is low, and the safety coefficient of the product is high.
The vibration mixed flow unit 100 comprises a dehydration reaction kettle 101, the dehydration reaction kettle 101 comprises a vibration mixed flow bin 102 and a storage bin 103, the vibration mixed flow bin 102 is located on the upper portion of the storage bin 103, the vibration mixed flow bin 102 is communicated with the inner cavity of the storage bin 103, and coal samples falling from the vibration mixed flow bin 102 are temporarily stored in the storage bin 103. Preferably, the vibration mixed flow bin 102 has a columnar structure, and the storage bin 103 has an inverted cone structure, and the vibration mixed flow bin 102 and the storage bin 103 are concentrically arranged, illustratively, a cylindrical or rectangular cylindrical shape.
In order to achieve dehydration of the coal sample during the vibration process, the vibration mixed flow unit 100 further includes a vibration drying bed 104, and the vibration drying bed 104 is provided with a plurality, preferably 3 to 5, and in this embodiment, the vibration drying bed 104 is provided with 3. The plurality of vibration drying beds 104 are arranged in a zigzag shape from top to bottom in the vibration mixing chamber 102.
Specifically, the single vibration drying bed 104 is arranged obliquely, the included angle between the plane of the vibration drying bed 104 contacting the coal sample and the horizontal plane is 10 degrees to 30 degrees, and preferably, the inclined angle of the vibration drying bed 104 is 15 degrees. In this embodiment, the vibration drying beds 104 are disposed in the vibration mixing chamber 102 in an inclined manner, and the upper and lower adjacent vibration drying beds 104 are disposed in a zigzag manner with their ends connected to each other.
Further, the mesh diameter of the vibration drying bed 104 is 0.5 to 3mm, and the mesh diameter of the vibration drying bed 104 gradually decreases from the uppermost vibration drying bed 104 to the lowermost vibration drying bed 104. That is, the screen mesh diameter of the uppermost vibration drying bed 104 is the largest (. Ltoreq.3 mm), and the screen mesh diameter of the lowermost vibration drying bed 104 is the smallest (. Ltoreq.0.5 mm).
In this embodiment, the diameter of the mesh holes of the vibration drying bed 104 is reduced from top to bottom layer by layer, so that the fine material in the coal sample leaks down in advance, and the fine material contacts with the drying air for dehydration in the falling process, so that the scattered fine material contacts with the drying air more fully (the falling formation) than the scattered fine material contacts with the drying air under the stacking condition, and the dehydration effect is better; meanwhile, after the fine-grained materials in the coal sample fall, the rest is large-grained materials with uniform grain sizes, so that the fine-grained materials and the large-grained materials are not doped with each other, gaps of the large-grained materials filled with the fine-grained materials are avoided, and the situation that dry air is not easy to enter the gaps to be dehydrated by contact with the materials is avoided.
Since the vibration of the vibration drying bed 104 in the vibration mixing chamber 102 for a long time may cause impact and vibration to the vibration mixing chamber 102, the vibration mixing unit 100 further includes a drying bed damper 105 in order to reduce operation damage to equipment.
Each of the vibration drying beds 104 is provided with a group of drying bed dampers 105, a cross beam 106 is arranged in the vibration mixing bin 102, one end of each drying bed damper 105 is connected with the cross beam 106, and the other end is connected with the vibration drying bed 104. Understandably, the vibrating dry bed 104 of the present embodiment is suspended in the vibrating mixing chamber 102 by a dry bed damper 105.
In this embodiment, by providing the vibration drying bed 104 with the drying bed damper 105, the impact and vibration of the vibration drying bed 104 to the vibration mixing chamber 102 are reduced by the drying bed damper 105, so as to prolong the service life of the apparatus.
Since the vibration drying beds 104 are arranged in the vibration mixing bin 102 in a zigzag manner, in order to enable the coal sample to smoothly flow between the vibration drying beds 104 connected in the zigzag manner, a material guide plate 107 is further arranged between the tail ends of two adjacent vibration drying beds 104, namely, the material guide plate 107 is connected with the discharge end of the last vibration drying bed 104 and the feed end of the next vibration drying bed 104, so that a smooth coal sample flow path is formed in the vibration mixing bin 102.
In this embodiment, after the coal sample is conveyed into the vibration mixing bin 102, the coal sample moves on a coal flow channel formed by the vibration drying bed 104 and the material guiding plate 107, and due to the vibration of the vibration drying bed 104, small-particle-size coal (dilute phase material) in the coal sample directly falls down from the screen, and the small-particle-size coal fully contacts with drying air in the falling process for dehydration, and forms a loose coal bed on the screen under the vibration of the vibration drying bed 104 so as to contact with the drying air for dehydration.
Understandably, the top of the vibration mixed flow bin 102 is provided with a feeding pipe 108 for coal sample input, the bottom of the feeding pipe 108 is just located at the feeding end of the uppermost vibration drying bed 104, and the coal sample conveyed from the feeding pipe 108 just falls on the vibration drying bed 104. The top center of the vibration mixed flow bin 102 is also provided with an air outlet pipe 109.
The bottom of storage silo 103 is equipped with first discharge gate, and the switching of first discharge gate is controlled through solenoid valve 110, and solenoid valve 110 is located the outside of storage silo 103. A first air inlet pipe 111 for conveying dry air is arranged on the side wall of the storage bin 103, and the first air inlet pipe 111 is not higher than the bottom of the vibration drying bed 104 at the lowest end.
The steam explosion unit 200 comprises a gas explosion shell 201 and a gas explosion high-pressure bin 202, wherein the gas explosion high-pressure bin 202 is arranged in the gas explosion shell 201, a gap is arranged between the gas explosion high-pressure bin 202 and the gas explosion shell 201 for reducing system heat, pressure and steam loss, and heat preservation materials are filled in the gap. In this embodiment, because of the instantaneous pressure difference in the flash explosion process, the single-layer shell structure has poor impact resistance, so that the gas explosion shell 201 is additionally arranged on the outer side of the gas explosion high-pressure bin 202.
The gas explosion housing 201 and the gas explosion high pressure chamber 202 are arranged concentrically, and the top and the bottom of the gas explosion housing and the gas explosion high pressure chamber are flush. The top of the gas explosion shell 201 is provided with a gas explosion sealing cover 203, and the gas explosion shell 201 and the top of the gas explosion high-pressure bin 202 are flush, so that the gas explosion sealing cover 203 can simultaneously seal the upper end openings of the gas explosion shell 201 and the gas explosion high-pressure bin 202. The dehydration reaction kettle 101 is arranged on the air explosion sealing cover 203 through a bracket, and a first shock absorber 112 is arranged on the bracket in order to reduce the damage of the vibration mixed flow bin 102 to the lower equipment.
The bottom of the gas explosion high-pressure bin 202 is provided with a second discharge port, a gas explosion sealing valve 204 is arranged at the second discharge port, and the gas explosion sealing valve 204 is used for controlling the opening and closing of the second discharge port. The gas explosion sealing valve 204 has an electromagnetic structure, and is adsorbed at the lowest end of the gas explosion shell 201 and the gas explosion high-pressure bin 202 to seal the second discharge port when being electrified, so that the gas explosion high-pressure bin 202 is sealed; meanwhile, the gas explosion sealing valve 204 has a spring structure, so that the gas explosion sealing valve 204 can be rapidly opened when power is off, and the instantaneous pressure relief of the gas explosion high-pressure bin 202 can be realized.
Specifically, the gas explosion sealing valve 204 includes a sealing cover plate 205 and a damper spring 206, one side of the sealing cover plate 205 is hinged to the bottom of the gas explosion housing 201, and the other side is connected to the bottom of the gas explosion housing 201 through the damper spring 206.
In order to realize automatic control of opening and closing of the sealing cover plate 205, an electromagnet is arranged on the connecting side of the sealing cover plate 205 and the damping spring 206, when the electromagnet is electrified, magnetic force is generated, so that the sealing cover plate 205 is sealed with the second discharging hole, when the sealing cover plate 205 needs to be opened, the electromagnet is powered off, and the sealing cover plate 205 is sprung open under the elasticity of the damping spring 206 and the pressure in the gas explosion high-pressure bin 202. In order to obtain a better sealing effect, a sealing gasket (not shown in the figure) is arranged on the connecting side of the sealing cover plate 205 and the second discharging hole, preferably, the sealing gasket is a rubber gasket, and the elasticity of the rubber gasket is utilized to obtain a better sealing effect.
In order to communicate the storage bin 103 with the gas explosion high-pressure bin 202, a guide pipe 207 is provided between the first discharge port and the gas explosion high-pressure bin 202, and the lower end of the guide pipe 207 passes through the gas explosion cover 203, preferably, the guide pipe 207 passes through the center of the gas explosion cover 203.
The lower part of the gas explosion shell 201 is connected with a gas explosion bin 208, the lower end (in an inverted cone structure) of the gas explosion shell 201 is positioned in the gas explosion bin 208, and understandably, the gas explosion sealing valve 204 is positioned in the gas explosion bin 208, and the coal sample flowing out from the second discharge port directly falls into the gas explosion bin 208. The bottom of the gas explosion bin 208 is provided with a third discharge hole 209, and in order to facilitate the coal sample to gather towards the third discharge hole 209, the lower part of the gas explosion bin 208 is of an inverted cone structure. In this embodiment, the gas explosion housing 201, the gas explosion high pressure chamber 202, and the gas explosion chamber 208 are concentrically arranged.
The second damper 210 is arranged at the outer side of the bottom of the gas explosion cabin 208, and the second damper 210 is used for damping the whole vibration in the running process of equipment, including but not limited to vibration generated by the vibration mixed flow cabin 102 and the internal equipment thereof and vibration generated by the steam explosion instantaneous depressurization process. If the equipment is directly and rigidly connected with the ground, vibration is directly transmitted to the mounting table and can also react on the equipment, so that long-term operation of the equipment is not facilitated, adverse effects of the reaction can be greatly relieved by arranging the second shock absorber 210, and long-term stable operation of the equipment is maintained.
In order to introduce saturated steam into the gas explosion high-pressure chamber 202, a second air inlet pipe 211 is arranged below the gas explosion sealing cover 203, and one end of the second air inlet pipe 211 sequentially penetrates through the gas explosion shell 201 and the outer wall of the gas explosion high-pressure chamber 202 to enter the gas explosion high-pressure chamber 202.
The vibratory flow mixing unit 100 further includes a flow splitter 113, the flow splitter 113 having an inlet and two outlets, the inlet of the flow splitter 113 being in communication with the outlet duct 109. The steam explosion unit 200 further includes an air heater 212, a steam generator 213, a steam heater 214, and a high-pressure air storage tank 215, one air outlet of the flow divider 113 is directly connected to the atmosphere, and the other air outlet is connected to the air inlet of the air heater 212, i.e., a part of the air discharged from the flow divider 113 is directly discharged to the atmosphere, and the other part is discharged to the air heater 212. The steam generator 213 is communicated with an air inlet of the steam heater 214, an air outlet of the steam heater 214 and an air outlet of the air heater 212 are both communicated with a high-pressure air storage tank 215, the high-pressure air storage tank 215 is communicated with the second air inlet pipe 211, and saturated steam is conveyed into the gas explosion high-pressure bin 202.
Although the gas discharged from the vibration mixed flow chamber 102 is moist and hot, the moisture content is significantly insufficient compared with the saturated steam generated by the steam generator 213, and if too much moisture is mixed, the steam flash requirement may not be satisfied, so that the amount of gas which is split into the high-pressure gas storage tank 215 via the splitter 113 is about 1/2 of the amount of gas which is introduced into the high-pressure gas storage tank 215 by the steam generator 213, and the remaining gas is directly discharged into the atmosphere.
Example 2
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, a low-rank coal dehydration system with vibration mixed flow and steam explosion is disclosed, which is different from embodiment 1 in that a deflector (not shown in the figure) is disposed in the vibration mixed flow bin 102, the deflector is located below the lowest vibration drying bed 104, and the deflector is similar to a carambola structure, and can rotate along the axis of the vibration mixed flow bin 102, so as to redirect the drying air introduced into the vibration mixed flow bin 102.
In order to further dehydrate the coal sample, blowers (not shown in the figure) are further arranged in the vibration mixed flow bin 102, the blowers are located on two sides of the guide plate and at the same level with the guide plate, the air outlets face the guide plate, and the air outlets of the blowers are adjustable.
The position of the dry air inlet is not higher than the lowest vibration drying bed 104 and not lower than the height of the blower. The other structures and advantageous effects are the same as those of embodiment 1, and will not be described in detail here.
Example 3
In another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, a method for upgrading low-rank coal by vibration mixed flow and steam explosion is disclosed, and the method for upgrading low-rank coal by vibration mixed flow and steam explosion in embodiment 1 or embodiment 2 comprises the following steps:
step S1: dry air is introduced into the vibration mixed flow bin 102, the vibration drying bed 104 is opened, and saturated steam is prepared by the steam generator 213.
Specifically, dry air is introduced into the vibration mixed flow bin 102 through the first air inlet pipe 111, and the dry air forms an ascending hot air current in the vibration mixed flow bin 102; simultaneously, the vibration drying bed 104 is opened, the electromagnetic valve 110 is closed, and the storage bin 103 is not communicated with the gas explosion high-pressure bin 202; the gas explosion sealing valve 204 is closed, sealing the gas explosion chamber 208.
The steam generator 213 is turned on to generate saturated steam, and the saturated steam is heated to about 280 ℃ by the steam heater 214, and then the high-temperature saturated steam is introduced into the high-pressure air storage tank 215 for storage.
Step S2: and conveying the coal sample to be treated into the vibration mixed flow bin 102 for surface dehydration, and storing hot air in the vibration mixed flow bin 102 in the high-pressure air storage tank 215 after being split and heated.
Specifically, a coal sample of-6 mm to be dehydrated is fed into a vibration drying bed 104 in a vibration mixed flow bin 102 through a feeding pipe 108, the coal sample is paved and screened under the action of the vibration drying bed 104, and in the process of moving the screen surface of the vibration drying bed 104, coal particles are contacted with ascending hot air flow, so that the water evaporation on the surface of the coal sample is realized; after the coal flow moves to the discharge hole of the vibration drying bed 104, the coal flow enters the screen surface of the next vibration drying bed 104 under the action of the material guiding plate 107, contacts with the rising hot air flow again, the coal sample which is not sufficiently dried by the last vibration drying bed 104 is subjected to surface dehydration again, and finally, all the coal samples enter the storage bin 103 after being dried.
The rising heat flow of the drying process carries a large amount of water vapor in the coal sample to rise, and enters the flow divider 113 through the air outlet pipe 109. The hot air containing a large amount of water vapor is split at the splitter 113, partially discharged directly to the atmosphere, and partially heated to about 280 c by the air heater 212, and then the high-temperature air enters the high-pressure air tank 215 together with the high-temperature saturated water vapor.
In this step, when the baffle and the blower are disposed in the vibration mixing chamber 102, the blower may be turned on to accelerate the flow of the drying air.
Step S3: the coal sample with the dehydrated surface is input into the gas explosion high-pressure bin 202, saturated steam is conveyed into the gas explosion high-pressure bin 202, and pressure is maintained.
Specifically, the electromagnetic valve 110 is opened, the coal sample after surface dehydration enters the gas explosion high-pressure bin 202 from the storage bin 103 through the material guiding pipe 207, after a preset time (3 min) is reached, the electromagnetic valve 110 is closed, all components in the vibration mixed flow bin 102 continue to operate to dehydrate the coal sample, and the primarily dehydrated coal sample is stored in the storage bin 103.
The high-pressure air storage tank 215 starts to input high-temperature high-pressure steam into the gas explosion high-pressure bin 202 through the second air inlet pipe 211, after the pressure in the gas explosion high-pressure bin 202 reaches 3.0Mpa, the high-temperature high-pressure steam is stopped to be input, the pressure maintaining treatment is started in the gas explosion high-pressure bin 202, at the moment, the overheated steam starts to invade the internal pore structure of the coal sample, capillary water in the coal pores starts to be replaced, and water in the pores is discharged; meanwhile, the huge energy of the water vapor also damages and reorganizes a crystallization area and a hydrogen bond in the molecular structure of the coal surface, so that the modification of the property of the coal surface is realized.
Step S4: after the pressure maintaining is finished, the constraint of the gas explosion sealing valve 204 is released, so that the coal sample in the gas explosion high-pressure bin 202 enters the gas explosion bin 208, and instantaneous gas explosion is completed to obtain a dehydrated product.
Specifically, after pressure maintaining for 5min, the electromagnetic force constraint of the gas explosion sealing valve 204 is relieved, under the combined action of the internal and external pressure difference and the spring structure, the gas explosion sealing valve 204 is sprung out from the second discharge hole of the gas explosion high-pressure bin 202 at a high speed, and the coal sample and water vapor in the gas explosion high-pressure bin 202 rapidly descend under the action of the pressure difference and enter the gas explosion bin 208; the internal pores of the coal sample have a large amount of high-pressure steam, the external instantaneous pressure drop causes the coal to be fried from inside to outside, the instantaneous explosion is completed, and finally the coal is discharged from a discharge port connected with the gas explosion bin 208 to form a final product.
Step S5: and repeating the steps S3 to S4, and continuously dehydrating the coal sample to be dehydrated.
Specifically, after the gas explosion dehydration coal sample is discharged, the electromagnetic valve 110 is opened again, the coal sample in the storage bin 103 enters the gas explosion high-pressure bin 202 again through the material guiding pipe 207, and after the set time is 3min, the electromagnetic valve 110 is closed again, and the gas explosion dehydration operation is opened again.
In this embodiment, in order to achieve the continuity of production, the opening and closing times of the solenoid valve 110 are set to 3min and 10min, respectively. The contradiction between continuous production of the coal sample dehydration process is that the vibration mixed flow pre-dehydration process is continuous production, while the gas explosion dehydration process is discontinuous (similar to a pressure filter), and in order to realize the production continuity, a storage bin 103 is arranged at the lower part of the vibration mixed flow bin 102, and the opening and closing rules of the electromagnetic valve 110 are arranged. The electromagnetic valve 110 is closed, the high-temperature high-pressure gas starts to be introduced into the gas explosion high-pressure bin 202, the set pressure is reached after about 3min, the gas explosion sealing valve 204 is opened after the pressure is stabilized for 5min, the gas explosion occurs and the dehydrated coal sample is discharged, the gas sample is fully discharged and the gas explosion sealing valve 204 is closed after about 2min, the electromagnetic valve 110 is opened, the material stored in the storage bin 103 and subjected to vibration dehydration 10min before enters the gas explosion high-pressure bin 202, after 3min, the previous material storage and the new coal sample subjected to vibration mixed flow dehydration in the opening process all enter the gas explosion high-pressure bin 202, the electromagnetic valve 110 is closed again, the high-temperature high-pressure gas is introduced into the gas explosion high-pressure bin 202, and the storage bin 103 starts to store the material, so that the continuous production of the dehydration process is realized as a whole.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily understood by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The low-rank coal dehydration system is characterized by comprising a vibration mixed flow unit (100) and a steam explosion unit (200), wherein the vibration mixed flow unit (100) is used for removing free water on the surface of a coal sample in advance and realizing a loose coal bed, and the steam explosion unit (200) is used for removing capillary water in the coal treated by the vibration mixed flow unit (100).
2. The vibratory mixed flow and steam explosion combined low-rank coal dehydration system according to claim 1, wherein the vibratory mixed flow unit (100) comprises a vibratory mixed flow bin (102) and a storage bin (103), the vibratory mixed flow bin (102) is located at the upper part of the storage bin (103), and the vibratory mixed flow bin (102) is communicated with the inner cavity of the storage bin (103).
3. The vibratory mixed flow and steam explosion synergistic low rank coal dewatering system of claim 2, wherein the vibratory mixed flow unit (100) includes a vibratory desiccant bed (104).
4. A vibrating mixed flow collaborative steam flash explosion low-rank coal dehydration system according to claim 2 or 3, wherein a feeding pipe (108) and an air outlet pipe (109) are arranged at the top of the vibrating mixed flow bin (102).
5. The vibration mixed flow collaborative steam explosion low-rank coal dehydration system according to claim 4, wherein the steam explosion unit (200) comprises a gas explosion shell (201) and a gas explosion high-pressure bin (202), and the gas explosion high-pressure bin (202) is arranged in the gas explosion shell (201).
6. The vibration mixed flow cooperated steam explosion low-rank coal dehydration system according to claim 5, wherein a discharge port of the storage bin (103) is communicated with the gas explosion high-pressure bin (202) through a guide pipe (207), and the discharge port of the storage bin (103) is controlled to be opened and closed through an electromagnetic valve (110).
7. The vibration mixed flow collaborative steam explosion low-rank coal dehydration system according to claim 5, wherein the steam explosion unit (200) further comprises a gas explosion bin (208), the gas explosion bin (208) is arranged below the gas explosion shell (201), and the lower end of the gas explosion shell (201) is positioned in the gas explosion bin (208).
8. The vibratory mixed flow and steam explosion-synergistic low rank coal dewatering system of any one of claims 5-7, wherein the steam explosion unit (200) further comprises a steam generator (213) and a high pressure gas storage tank (215), the steam generator (213) in communication with the high pressure gas storage tank (215), the high pressure gas storage tank (215) in communication with the gas explosion high pressure bin (202).
9. The vibratory mixed flow and steam explosion combined low rank coal dewatering system of claim 8, wherein the vibratory mixed flow unit (100) further includes a diverter (113).
10. A method for dehydrating low-rank coal by vibration mixed flow and steam explosion, which is characterized by adopting the vibration mixed flow and steam explosion combined low-rank coal dehydration system as claimed in any one of claims 1-9, and comprising the following steps:
step S1: drying air is introduced into the vibration mixed flow bin (102), a vibration drying bed (104) is started, and saturated steam is prepared through a steam generator (213);
step S2: conveying a coal sample to be dehydrated into the vibration mixed flow bin (102) for surface dehydration, and storing hot air in the vibration mixed flow bin (102) in a high-pressure air storage tank (215) after being split and heated;
step S3: conveying the coal sample with the dehydrated surface into a gas explosion high-pressure bin (202), conveying saturated steam into the gas explosion high-pressure bin (202), and maintaining pressure;
step S4: after the pressure maintaining is finished, the constraint of the gas explosion sealing valve (204) is released, so that the coal sample in the gas explosion high-pressure bin (202) enters the gas explosion bin (208), and the instantaneous gas explosion is finished to obtain a dehydrated product.
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| CN201593905U (en) * | 2009-11-19 | 2010-09-29 | 唐山市神州机械有限公司 | Mixed flow vibration drying device |
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| CN113091443A (en) * | 2021-04-27 | 2021-07-09 | 中国矿业大学 | Transient dehydration upgrading and warm-pressing instant device system for lignite |
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| CN201593905U (en) * | 2009-11-19 | 2010-09-29 | 唐山市神州机械有限公司 | Mixed flow vibration drying device |
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