CN116356175A - Al-Sc-Ti grain refiner capable of resisting silicon poisoning and application thereof - Google Patents
Al-Sc-Ti grain refiner capable of resisting silicon poisoning and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116356175A CN116356175A CN202310292187.6A CN202310292187A CN116356175A CN 116356175 A CN116356175 A CN 116356175A CN 202310292187 A CN202310292187 A CN 202310292187A CN 116356175 A CN116356175 A CN 116356175A
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- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 229910000676 Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumanylidynesilicon Chemical compound [Al].[Si] CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000789 Aluminium-silicon alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012856 weighed raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 31
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 27
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000010587 phase diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910018125 Al-Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018520 Al—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052693 Europium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910008484 TiSi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001787 dendrite Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/003—Alloys based on aluminium containing at least 2.6% of one or more of the elements: tin, lead, antimony, bismuth, cadmium, and titanium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C28/00—Alloys based on a metal not provided for in groups C22C5/00 - C22C27/00
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Silicon Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an Al-Sc-Ti grain refiner capable of resisting silicon poisoning and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of casting; the grain refiner comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 10-50wt.%; ti:3-10wt.%; the balance of Al; the Al-Sc-Ti grain refiner is used for grain refining of aluminum-silicon alloy; after the Al-Sc-Ti grain refiner is introduced into the aluminum-silicon alloy, a heterogeneous nucleation phase (Al, si) 3 (Ti, sc) will form in solution and act as nucleation sites for alpha-Al, heterogeneous nucleation phases (Al, si) 3 The generation of (Ti, sc) ensures that alpha-Al grains in the aluminum-silicon alloy are greatly refined, and the efficiency of a grain refiner is greatly improved; heterogeneous nuclear phase (Al, si) 3 (Ti, sc) is not subject to aluminumThe influence of Si in the silicon alloy is avoided, and the influence caused by silicon poisoning in the aluminum-silicon alloy is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of casting, and particularly relates to an Al-Sc-Ti grain refiner capable of resisting silicon poisoning and application thereof.
Background
Al-Si cast alloys, such as A356 and A357, are widely used in the automotive field due to their low coefficient of thermal expansion, high wear resistance, and low cost. Grain refinement is one of the important methods for improving the properties of al—si based alloys. The grain refiner not only redistributes the porosity of the casting but also reduces the porosity of the casting. In general, the grain refiner should be selected to meet both the requirements of promoting nucleation and hindering grain growth. Al-Ti-B master alloys have been widely used as grain refiners in aluminum alloys because of Al 3 Ti and TiB 2 Can act as heterogeneous nucleation sites for alpha-Al and during solidification, excess Ti atoms can dissolve in the solid-liquid interface to limit grain growth.
The grain refiner containing Ti can be perfectly suitable for other aluminum alloys besides aluminum-silicon alloys. Because the Ti, B and C atoms in the grain refiner combine with each other or Al atoms in the metal solution to form Al 3 Ti、TiB 2 、TiC。Al 3 Ti、TiB 2 TiC acts as a heterogeneous nucleation phase for alpha-Al, can be precipitated before alpha-Al begins to solidify, and provides nucleation sites for alpha-Al growth thereafter. However, in the aluminum-silicon alloy, when the silicon content is more than 3wt.%, poisoning occurs, i.e., ti atoms are preferentially combined with Si atoms to form TiSi compounds, while TiB 2 The surface of TiC is covered by a layer of Si atoms, resulting in TiB 2 The interfacial energy and the degree of mismatching of TiC and alpha-Al are increased. TiB at this time 2 TiC no longer provides nucleation sites for the growth of alpha-Al. Although Al is 3 Ti、TiB 2 TiC cannot produce heterogeneous nuclei due to silicon poisoningHowever, ti atoms limit the growth of alpha-Al during the growth process, thereby achieving the effect of alpha-Al grain refinement, but the grain refinement effect is limited. Therefore, in order to increase the efficiency of the grain refiner, it is necessary to be able to provide a novel heterogeneous nucleation phase for the growth of α -Al in aluminum-silicon alloys.
For decades, scientists have made tremendous efforts to avoid the problem of poisoning silicon in aluminum-silicon alloys. But so far there is no good solution. Some scholars have tried to avoid poisoning effects by changing the ratio of Ti to B, such as Al-3Ti-3B, al-3Ti-1B, increasing the level of refiner and explore a new master alloy, such as Al-Ti-B-C, al-Ti-Nb-B, al-Nb-B. However, these efforts have not completely solved the problem of poisoning of silicon in aluminum-silicon alloys.
The patent number CN 114717453A discloses a high-strength and high-toughness cast aluminum-silicon alloy, wherein Al-Ti-C-CuO mixed powder is added in the preparation process of the aluminum-silicon alloy, and a large number of TiC ceramic particles with small and uniform size are generated by reaction in a melt; the eutectic silicon phase is fully and effectively changed by Eu and La rare earth elements, and the technology improves the toughness and plasticity of the material by changing the morphology of the silicon phase and reducing the stress concentration of the tip of the silicon phase.
The patent number CN 104328300B discloses a preparation method for a refiner for the aluminum scrap pop can alloy, and the refiner Al-Ti-Sc not only can refine as-cast crystal grains and dendrite structures, meets the recovery and grade-keeping reduction requirements of the aluminum scrap pop can alloy, but also obviously improves the recrystallization temperature of the plate for the pop can.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention overcomes the defects of the prior art and provides an Al-Sc-Ti grain refiner capable of resisting silicon poisoning and application thereof.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
An Al-Sc-Ti grain refiner capable of resisting silicon poisoning comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 10-50wt.%; ti:3-10wt.%; the balance being Al.
Preferably, the mass ratio of Sc to Ti is more than or equal to 3.
More preferably, the mass ratio of Sc to Ti is 5:1.
Preferably, the preparation method of the grain refiner comprises the following steps:
1) The ingredients of the Al-Sc-Ti grain refiner are prepared according to the design: weighing a required substance containing Sc, a substance containing Ti and a substance containing Al according to a mass ratio;
2) Smelting: putting the weighed raw materials into a smelting furnace, melting the raw materials into metal liquid, and fully stirring the molten metal liquid to form a melt;
3) Pouring the melt into a mould for solidification and forming to form the grain refiner.
More preferably, the smelting temperature in the step 2) is more than 650 ℃, the heat preservation time is more than or equal to 0.5h after the smelting is finished, stirring and slag skimming are carried out, and a fully reacted melt is formed.
The application of Al-Sc-Ti grain refiner capable of resisting silicon poisoning is used for grain refining of aluminium-silicon alloy.
An application of an Al-Sc-Ti grain refiner capable of resisting silicon poisoning, which comprises the following steps:
1) Weighing the aluminum-silicon alloy to be refined, drying, and heating and melting;
2) Calculating and weighing the required Al-Sc-Ti grain refiner according to the mass percentage, and putting the dried Al-Sc-Ti grain refiner into an aluminum-silicon alloy melt;
3) And (3) after the Al-Sc-Ti grain refiner is completely melted, degassing, slagging off, standing, pouring the aluminum-silicon alloy melt into a die, and cooling to obtain the required casting.
Preferably, the mass of Sc in the added Al-Sc-Ti grain refiner is more than or equal to 0.5wt.% of the mass of the aluminum-silicon alloy to be refined.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
in the grain refiner prepared by the invention, the content of Sc is more than three times of the content of Ti. When the novel Al-Sc-Ti grain refiner is introduced into an aluminum-silicon alloy, a novel heterogeneous nucleation phase (Al, si) 3 (Ti, sc) will form in solution and act as nucleation sites for alpha-Al. The novel heterogeneous nucleation phase (Al,Si) 3 the generation of (Ti, sc) ensures that alpha-Al grains in the aluminum-silicon alloy are greatly refined, and the efficiency of the grain refiner is greatly improved. Simultaneously, a novel heterogeneous nucleation phase (Al, si) 3 The (Ti, sc) is not affected by Si in the aluminum-silicon alloy, and the influence caused by silicon poisoning in the aluminum-silicon alloy is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a gold phase diagram of ZL114A alloy grains with 20g of Al-10Ti grain refiner added.
FIG. 2 is a gold phase diagram of ZL114A alloy grains with 100g of Al-5Sc-1Ti grain refiner added.
FIG. 3 is a gold phase diagram of ZL114A alloy grains with 140g of Al-5Sc-1Ti grain refiner added.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical schemes and beneficial effects to be solved more clear, the invention is further described in detail by combining the embodiments and the drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The following describes the technical scheme of the present invention in detail with reference to examples and drawings, but the scope of protection is not limited thereto.
Example 1
A preparation method of an Al-5Sc-1Ti grain refiner comprises the following steps:
and (3) batching: weighing 200g of Al-10Sc intermediate alloy, 40g of Al-10Ti intermediate alloy, 165g of pure aluminum, drying, heating and melting, and fully stirring after melting into metal liquid to form fully reacted melt; pouring the fully reacted melt into a mould for solidification and forming to form the refiner alloy material Al-5Sc-1Ti.
Example 2
An application method of an Al-5Sc-1Ti grain refiner comprises the following steps:
1000g of ZL114A alloy is weighed, dried, heated and melted, and 100g of Al-5Sc-1Ti grain refiner prepared as in example 1 is weighed after the alloy is completely melted. And (3) completely drying, then placing into metal liquid, carrying out operations such as degassing, slag skimming and the like after the grain refiner is completely melted, standing for 20 minutes, pouring the metal melt into a die, and cooling to obtain the required casting.
1000g of ZL114A alloy with 20g of Al-10Ti grain refiner added was cast under the same conditions for comparison. Statistically, the grain size of ZL114A alloy to which 20g of Al-10Ti grain refiner was added was 545.5 μm (see FIG. 1), and the grain size of ZL114A alloy to which 100g of Al-5Sc-1Ti grain refiner was added was 219.2 μm (see FIG. 2). It can be seen that the Al-Sc-Ti grain refiner prepared in example 1 has a significant improvement over the conventional Al-10Ti grain refiner.
Example 3
An application method of an Al-5Sc-1Ti grain refiner comprises the following steps:
1000g of ZL114A alloy is weighed, dried, heated and melted, and 140g of Al-5Sc-1Ti grain refiner prepared as in example 1 is weighed after the alloy is completely melted. And (3) completely drying, then placing into metal liquid, carrying out operations such as degassing, slag skimming and the like after the grain refiner is completely melted, standing for 20 minutes, pouring the metal melt into a die, and cooling to obtain the required casting.
1000g of ZL114A alloy with 20g of Al-10Ti grain refiner added was cast under the same conditions for comparison. Through statistics, the grain size of ZL114A alloy added with 20g of Al-10Ti grain refiner is 545.5 μm (see FIG. 1), while the grain size of ZL114A alloy added with 140g of Al-5Sc-1Ti grain refiner is 153.8 μm (see FIG. 3), and it can be seen that the Al-Sc-Ti grain refiner prepared in example 1 has a larger improvement than the conventional Al-10Ti grain refiner. Meanwhile, with the increase of the addition amount of the Al-Sc-Ti grain refiner, the grain refining effect of the aluminum-silicon alloy is also obviously improved.
Example 4
A preparation method of an Al-5Sc-1Ti grain refiner comprises the following steps:
and (3) batching: weighing 120g of Al-10Sc intermediate alloy, 40g of Al-10Ti intermediate alloy and 165g of pure aluminum, drying, heating and melting, fully stirring after melting into metal liquid, and forming fully reacted melt; pouring the fully reacted melt into a mould for solidification and forming to form the refiner alloy material Al-3Sc-1Ti.
Example 5
A preparation method of an Al-5Sc-1Ti grain refiner comprises the following steps:
and (3) batching: weighing 120g of Al-10Sc intermediate alloy, 30g of Al-10Ti intermediate alloy and 1000g of pure aluminum, heating and melting after drying, fully stirring after melting into metal liquid, and forming fully reacted melt; pouring the fully reacted melt into a mould for solidification and forming to form the refiner alloy material Al-4Sc-1Ti.
Example 6
A preparation method of an Al-5Sc-1Ti grain refiner comprises the following steps:
and (3) batching: weighing 120g of Al-10Sc intermediate alloy, 12g of Al-10Ti intermediate alloy and 268g of pure aluminum, drying, heating and melting, fully stirring after melting into metal liquid, and forming fully reacted melt; pouring the fully reacted melt into a mould for solidification and forming to form the refiner alloy material Al-10Sc-1Ti.
While the invention has been described in detail in connection with specific preferred embodiments thereof, it is not to be construed as limited thereto, but rather as a result of a simple deduction or substitution by a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the invention pertains without departing from the scope of the invention defined by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. The Al-Sc-Ti grain refiner capable of resisting silicon poisoning is characterized by comprising the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 10-50wt.%; ti:3-10wt.%; the balance being Al.
2. The Al-Sc-Ti grain refiner capable of resisting silicon poisoning according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of Sc to Ti is more than or equal to 3.
3. The silicon poisoning resistant Al-Sc-Ti grain refiner of claim 2, wherein the mass ratio of Sc to Ti is 5:1.
4. A silicon poisoning resistant Al-Sc-Ti grain refiner according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the grain refiner preparation method comprises the steps of:
1) The ingredients of the Al-Sc-Ti grain refiner are prepared according to the design: weighing a required substance containing Sc, a substance containing Ti and a substance containing Al according to a mass ratio;
2) Smelting: putting the weighed raw materials into a smelting furnace, melting the raw materials into metal liquid, and fully stirring the molten metal liquid to form a melt;
3) Pouring the melt into a mould for solidification and forming to form the grain refiner.
5. The Al-Sc-Ti grain refiner resistant to silicon poisoning according to claim 4, wherein the smelting temperature in step 2) is more than 650 ℃, the heat preservation time after smelting is more than or equal to 0.5h, stirring and slagging-off are performed, and a fully reacted melt is formed.
6. Use of an Al-Sc-Ti grain refiner resistant to silicon poisoning according to claim 1 for grain refinement of aluminium-silicon alloys.
7. Use of a silicon poisoning resistant Al-Sc-Ti grain refiner according to claim 6, comprising the steps of:
1) Weighing the aluminum-silicon alloy to be refined, drying, and heating and melting;
2) Calculating and weighing the required Al-Sc-Ti grain refiner according to the mass percentage, and putting the dried Al-Sc-Ti grain refiner into an aluminum-silicon alloy melt;
3) And (3) after the Al-Sc-Ti grain refiner is completely melted, degassing, slagging off, standing, pouring the aluminum-silicon alloy melt into a die, and cooling to obtain the required casting.
8. Use of an Al-Sc-Ti grain refiner resistant to silicon poisoning according to claim 7, characterized in that the mass of Sc in the added Al-Sc-Ti grain refiner is not less than 0.5wt.% of the mass of the aluminium-silicon alloy to be refined.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310292187.6A CN116356175A (en) | 2023-03-23 | 2023-03-23 | Al-Sc-Ti grain refiner capable of resisting silicon poisoning and application thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310292187.6A CN116356175A (en) | 2023-03-23 | 2023-03-23 | Al-Sc-Ti grain refiner capable of resisting silicon poisoning and application thereof |
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| CN116356175A true CN116356175A (en) | 2023-06-30 |
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- 2023-03-23 CN CN202310292187.6A patent/CN116356175A/en active Pending
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