CN116356093A - Method for rapidly damping down blast furnace - Google Patents
Method for rapidly damping down blast furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN116356093A CN116356093A CN202310424091.0A CN202310424091A CN116356093A CN 116356093 A CN116356093 A CN 116356093A CN 202310424091 A CN202310424091 A CN 202310424091A CN 116356093 A CN116356093 A CN 116356093A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 136
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 18
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 4
- 210000001015 abdomen Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B7/00—Blast furnaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B7/00—Blast furnaces
- C21B7/12—Opening or sealing the tap holes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B7/00—Blast furnaces
- C21B7/14—Discharging devices, e.g. for slag
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B7/00—Blast furnaces
- C21B7/16—Tuyéres
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Iron (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for quickly damping down a blast furnace, which provides the blast furnace and a hot air system, wherein the hot air system is used for inputting hot air into the blast furnace, and when the blast furnace is in a full-air state, the input air quantity of the hot air is Q0, and the damping down method comprises the following steps: s10, opening at least two tapping holes of a blast furnace, and detecting the exhaust air quantity of the tapping holes; s20, reducing the input air quantity of the hot air for a plurality of times, and reducing the input air quantity of the hot air by 1/4.Q0 when the exhaust air quantity of one of the iron outlets exceeds a set value when the air quantity is reduced each time; s30, when the exhaust air quantity of all the opened tap holes exceeds a set value, the input air quantity of hot air is lower than 1000m 3 A/min; s40, plugging thereinAnd stopping inputting hot air after one tap hole. Tapping is performed by opening at least two tapping holes, so that the rapid discharge of slag iron in the hearth is facilitated. Through reducing the air for a plurality of times and controlling the reduction amplitude of the hot air input air quantity during each air reduction, the slag iron backflow caused by overlarge air reduction amplitude can be avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metallurgy, in particular to a method for rapidly damping down a blast furnace.
Background
The blast furnace is an important equipment for pig iron smelting. The blast furnace needs to be damped during regular maintenance and temporary fault maintenance. Before the blast furnace is in a damping down state, the slag iron in the blast furnace needs to be discharged, so that the damping down efficiency of the blast furnace is affected by the discharge time of the slag iron. When the blast furnace is in a damping operation, the blast furnace needs to be damped, namely the air inlet of the blast furnace is gradually reduced to zero from the air inlet in a full-blast state. In the actual wind reduction operation, when the wind reduction is too early or the single wind reduction amplitude is too large, the tapping time is prolonged, and the blast furnace damping-down process is prolonged. And the slag iron can not be discharged in time, so that the slag iron flows backward to damage the tuyere. When the wind reduction amplitude is too small, the internal pressure of the blast furnace is reduced slowly, so that the downward flow speed of molten iron is slow, the rising of the liquid level of slag iron is unfavorable, the splashing of a tap hole is serious, and dust cannot smoothly enter the dust remover.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for rapidly damping down a blast furnace, which has high damping down speed and can avoid serious splashing of a tap hole.
To achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the provided method for rapidly damping down a blast furnace provides a blast furnace and a hot air system, wherein the hot air system is used for inputting hot air into the blast furnace, and when the blast furnace is in a full-air state, the input air quantity of the hot air is Q0, and the damping down method comprises the following steps:
s10, opening at least two tapping holes of a blast furnace, and detecting exhaust quantity Q4 of the tapping holes;
s20, reducing the input air quantity of the hot air for a plurality of times, and reducing the input air quantity of the hot air by 1/4.Q0 when the air quantity Q4 of one of the iron outlets exceeds a set value when the air quantity is reduced each time;
s30, when the air discharge quantity Q4 of all the opened tapping holes exceeds a set value, the input air quantity of the hot air is lower than 1000m 3 /min；
S40, stopping inputting hot air after blocking one of the tap holes.
Further, in step S10, the interval time T between the two tapping holes is less than 40min.
Further, in step S10, the hole diameter of the hole drilled when the tap hole is opened in the normal state of the blast furnace is D1, and the hole diameter of the hole drilled when the tap hole is opened in the damping-down state of the blast furnace is D2, wherein D1 is smaller than D2.
Further, in step S20, the tap hole is visually observed, and when slag iron splashing occurs in the tap hole, the air discharge amount Q4 of the tap hole exceeds a set value.
Further, in step S20, the input air volume of the hot air is reduced three times, and when the air discharge volume Q1 of one of the tap holes is greater than 0 each time the air volume is reduced, the input air volume of the hot air is reduced by 1/4·q0.
Further, when the air quantity is reduced each time, the air quantity is reduced in multiple steps by the hot air system, and the air quantity is 400-500m in each step 3 /min。
Further, when the air quantity is reduced for the first time, the furnace top pressure of the blast furnace is synchronously reduced to below 180kpa, and the oxygen input quantity is reduced to 6000m 3 The coal injection ratio is reduced to below 120kg/t below/h;
and when the air quantity is reduced for the second time, synchronously reducing the furnace top pressure of the blast furnace to below 100kpa, stopping coal injection and stopping oxygen input.
Further, when the air quantity is reduced for the third time, the discharge quantity Q5 of the slag iron is detected, and when the discharge quantity Q5 of the slag iron is less than 2t/min, the input air quantity of the hot air is reduced to be less than 1/4.Q0.
Further, in step S30, when the input air volume of the hot air is lower than 1000m 3 And at the time of/min, opening a gas diffusion valve and cutting off a gas pipeline.
Further, the method further comprises step S50: and before the blast furnace is re-winded, the rest of the tapping holes are plugged.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the method for rapidly damping down the blast furnace, disclosed by the invention, the iron is discharged by opening at least two iron outlets, so that the rapid discharge of slag iron in a hearth is facilitated. When the tap hole sprays, the input air quantity of hot air is reduced, so that the internal pressure of the blast furnace is reduced, molten iron in the blast furnace can flow down into the hearth and the liquid level is raised, and the tap hole stops spraying. Meanwhile, through reducing the air for a plurality of times and controlling the reduction amplitude of the hot air input air quantity during each air reduction, the slag iron backflow caused by overlarge air reduction amplitude can be avoided. Therefore, the damping-down method has the characteristics of high damping-down speed and capability of avoiding serious splashing of the tap hole.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a blast furnace according to an embodiment.
In the figure:
1. a blast furnace body; 11. a first tap hole; 12. a second tap hole; 13. a gas riser; 14. a furnace belly; 15. a throat; 16. a material distribution device; 2. a hot air surrounding pipe; 21. an air supply branch pipe; 3. a mineral layer; 4. a coke layer; 5. molten iron; 6. slag.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems solved, the technical scheme adopted and the technical effects achieved by the invention more clear, the technical scheme of the invention is further described below by a specific embodiment in combination with the attached drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, the method for rapidly damping down a blast furnace provided by the invention is applied to the situation that the blast furnace is scheduled to damping down due to regular maintenance or the situation that the blast furnace is not scheduled to damping down due to sudden accidents. For the convenience of understanding the technical contents, a blast furnace shown in fig. 1 will be described in detail. The blast furnace is a raw iron smelting apparatus for burning iron ore, coke and a slag-forming solvent at a high temperature to produce molten iron 5 and slag 6. The blast furnace comprises a blast furnace body 1 composed of a steel plate and a refractory material, and a containing cavity for containing smelting materials such as iron ore, coke and the like is formed in the blast furnace body 1. The blast furnace is divided into five areas from top to bottom, wherein the five areas are a furnace throat 15, a furnace body, a furnace waist, a furnace belly 14 and a furnace hearth in sequence. Wherein the hearth is for containing molten iron 5 and slag 6. The top of the blast furnace is provided with a distributing device 16, and the distributing device 16 is used for inputting smelting materials into the accommodating cavity. A certain amount of iron ore and coke forms a mineral layer 3 and a coke layer 4, respectively, and the mineral layers 3 and the coke layers 4 are alternately stacked in the accommodating chamber, i.e. one coke layer 4 is arranged between two adjacent mineral layers 3. In the blast furnace smelting process, a hot air system is also provided, the hot air system is used for inputting high-temperature air and pure oxygen into the blast furnace, and the high-temperature air and the oxygen participate in combustion and chemical reaction with smelting materials. The hot air system comprises a hot air surrounding pipe 2, and the hot air surrounding pipe 2 is arranged outside a furnace belly 14 of the blast furnace. Along the circumferential direction of the bustle pipe 2, the bustle pipe 2 is provided with a plurality of air supply branch pipes 21, and the blast furnace body 1 is provided with a tuyere corresponding to each air supply branch pipe 21, namely, high-temperature air and coal dust are input into the blast furnace through the tuyere. Under the effect of high temperature combustion, the ore layer 3 and the coke layer 4 located in the hearth 14 are melted to form molten iron 5 and slag 6, and the molten iron 5 and slag 6 are deposited in the hearth. The molten iron 5 and slag 6 in the hearth are collectively referred to as slag iron. The top of the accommodating cavity is provided with a gas rising pipe 13, and the gas generated after smelting is discharged through the gas rising pipe 13.
Specifically, the blast furnace includes three tap holes. When in damping down, two of the tapping holes are utilized for tapping, the two tapping holes are a first tapping hole 11 and a second tapping hole 12 respectively, and slag iron in the hearth can be discharged through the two tapping holes. When the blast furnace does not discharge iron, stemming with plugging effect is filled in the tap hole. In this example, the blast furnace capacity was 2500m 3 The tap hole depth of the blast furnace is 3.2m-3.4m.
Specifically, when the blast furnace is used for normal smelting, the hot air system inputs the maximum air quantity of hot air into the blast furnaceThe full air state of the blast furnace is the full air state, and the input air quantity of hot air is Q0 at the moment. For example: the blast furnace capacity in this example was 2500m 3 The input air volume q0=4800 m of hot air in the full air state 3 /min。
The damping down method of the blast furnace comprises the following steps:
and S10, opening at least two tapping holes of the blast furnace, and detecting the exhaust air quantity Q4 of the tapping holes. The number of the iron notch is increased, so that the discharge speed of slag iron in a hearth is increased, the slag iron can be discharged rapidly, and the blast furnace damping down condition is met. In this embodiment, tapping is performed through two tap holes, i.e., the first tap hole 11 and the second tap hole 12 are opened to perform tapping. At tapping, slag iron is discharged into the runner through the tap hole 11 and is transferred from the runner to the ladle. When the blowing down is needed, the preparation time of the ladle is controlled to reach the opening condition of the two tapping holes. To further increase the tapping speed, the opening interval time T of the first tap hole 11 and the second tap hole 12 is less than 40min.
Specifically, during tapping, stemming in the tap hole needs to be drilled by a drill bit to open the tap hole. The bore diameter of the blast furnace when the tap hole is opened in a normal state is D1, the bore diameter of the blast furnace when the tap hole is opened in a damping-down state is D2, and D1 is less than D2. It can be understood that by increasing the tapping hole drilling aperture D2 in the blast furnace damping-down state, the tapping speed is improved, and the rapid damping-down is realized. At 2500m 3 For example, d1=50 mm; d2 =55mm.
Step S20, reducing the input air quantity of the hot air for a plurality of times, and when the air quantity Q4 of one of the iron outlets exceeds a set value when the air quantity is reduced each time, reducing the input air quantity of the hot air by 1/4.Q0. It can be understood that each time the air volume is reduced, the air volume is reduced once (also referred to as air reduction) by taking the air discharge amount Q4 of the tap hole as a judgment basis, that is, when the air discharge amount Q4 of the tap hole exceeds a set value. The discharge amount Q4 of the tap hole was detected by visual observation. With the tapping, the liquid level of the slag iron in the hearth gradually decreases, and when the liquid level of the slag iron is lower than the tapping hole, gas (the gas is a mixture of hot air and gas) in the blast furnace is discharged from the tapping hole, and the gas can drive the slag iron positioned on the liquid level to be sprayed out of the tapping hole together due to a certain pressure of the gas, namely, the slag iron is sprayed at the tapping hole. In this example, when slag iron splashing is visually observed in the tap hole, it is determined that the air discharge amount Q4 exceeds the set value, and the set value of the air discharge amount Q4 is 0.
It will be appreciated that the final purpose of the blast furnace blow down is to stop the hot air supply to the blast furnace and to drain the iron slag from the hearth. The input air quantity of hot air is gradually reduced by multiple times, so that the stability of blast furnace smelting is maintained. When two tap holes are tapped simultaneously, a certain angle is formed between the liquid level in the hearth and the horizontal plane under the influence of the internal pressure of the blast furnace and other factors, so that one of the tap holes can splash firstly along with the reduction of the liquid level. In the concrete implementation, the number of times of wind reduction can be reasonably selected according to the specific capacity of the blast furnace, the capacity of iron slag in a hearth and other technical parameters. In the present embodiment, 2500m 3 The capacity of the blast furnace is exemplified by three times of reducing the input air quantity of hot air. The method comprises the following specific steps:
step S21, the input air quantity of hot air is reduced for the first time. When it is observed that one of the tap holes is splashed, namely, the air discharge quantity Q4 of the tap hole exceeds a set value, the input air quantity of hot air is reduced by 1/4.Q0. In the present embodiment, in the full air state, the input air volume q0=4800 m of hot air 3 Per min, the actual input air quantity q1=3600m of hot air after the primary air reduction 3 And/min. After the air is reduced, smelting in the blast furnace is continuously performed, and the pressure in the blast furnace is reduced along with the reduction of the input air quantity of hot air, so that the downward flow of molten iron 5 is promoted. The molten iron 5 produced by smelting continues to flow down into the hearth and causes the level to rise, and when the level is higher than the tap hole, the tap hole stops splashing.
When the input air quantity of hot air is reduced for the first time, synchronously reducing the top pressure of the blast furnace to below 180kpa and reducing the oxygen input quantity to 6000m 3 And the coal injection ratio is reduced to below 120kg/t below/h. After the blast furnace is subjected to wind reduction, the process indexes such as furnace top pressure, oxygen input quantity, coal injection ratio and the like are synchronously reduced, so that the inside of the blast furnace can maintain a balanced smelting state, and the furnace is gradually cooledThe production amount of molten iron is reduced, and conditions are created for blowing down and stopping the blast furnace.
Step S22, the input air quantity of the hot air is reduced for the second time. When it is observed that one of the tap holes is splashed, namely, the air discharge quantity Q4 of the tap hole exceeds a set value, the input air quantity of hot air is reduced by 1/4.Q0. On the basis of the primary wind reduction, the secondary wind reduction operation is started after one of the tap holes is observed to splash. The input air volume of the hot air is reduced by 1/4.Q0 again. The actual input quantity q2=2400 m of hot air after the secondary wind reduction 3 And/min. After the wind is reduced, smelting in the blast furnace is continuously carried out, molten iron generated by smelting continuously flows into the hearth and enables the liquid level to rise, and when the liquid level is higher than the tap hole, the tap hole stops splashing.
And when the input air quantity of the hot air is reduced for the second time, synchronously reducing the top pressure of the blast furnace to below 100kpa, stopping inputting oxygen and stopping coal injection. The method can further reduce the generation amount of molten iron until the generation of molten iron 5 is stopped, thereby creating conditions for the damping down and the blowing out of the blast furnace.
Step S23, reducing the input air quantity of the hot air for the third time. When it is observed that one of the tap holes is splashed, namely, the air discharge quantity Q4 of the tap hole exceeds a set value, the input air quantity of hot air is reduced by 1/4.Q0. On the basis of the secondary wind reduction, the third wind reduction operation is started after one of the tap holes is observed to splash. The input air volume of the hot air is reduced by 1/4.Q0 again. The actual input quantity Q3=1200m of hot air after the third wind reduction 3 /min。
After three times of wind reduction, the generation amount of molten iron is reduced and gradually stopped. As the iron slag inventory in the hearth decreases, the amount of iron slag discharged Q5 in the iron runner may be detected by a weighing device, a flow rate detecting device, or the like, the smaller the iron slag discharged Q5, i.e., the smaller the amount of iron slag discharged from the tap hole. When the discharge quantity Q5 of the slag iron is less than 2t/min, the input air quantity of the hot air is reduced to be less than 1/4.Q0, namely, the input air quantity of the hot air is reduced to be 1200m 3 And/or less than a minute.
Step S30, the liquid level in the hearth is lowered and is lower than the tap hole. At this time, all the tap holes opened are splashed. When all the tap holes are openedWhen the discharge quantity Q4 exceeds the set value, that is, both tap holes are splashed. At this time, it is indicated that the slag iron in the hearth is nearly exhausted, and the input air quantity of the hot air is regulated to be lower than 1000m 3 And/min. Finally, the input air quantity of the hot air can be continuously and gradually reduced according to the discharge quantity Q5 of the slag iron until the hot air is closed.
When the input air quantity of hot air is lower than 1000m 3 And at the time of/min, opening a gas diffusion valve and cutting off a gas pipeline. It will be appreciated that the gas produced by the blast furnace smelting is discharged from the gas riser 13 and is conveyed to the gas treatment unit by means of a gas conduit. When the blast furnace is in damping down, the gas pipeline needs to be cut off, so that the gas is prevented from flowing back. Meanwhile, residual gas in the blast furnace can be discharged through a furnace top bleeding valve.
And S40, stopping inputting hot air after one of the tap holes is plugged. It will be appreciated that when the tap hole is plugged, stemming is required to fill the tap hole. When hot air is input into the blast furnace, the blast furnace has certain pressure, so that the backflow of slag iron into the iron notch is avoided. Before stopping to input hot air, a tap hole is plugged, slag iron is prevented from being mixed in during stemming filling, drilling of a drill bit is not facilitated, and further the tap hole can be opened smoothly during normal smelting after blast furnace blast is re-blown, and smooth blast furnace smelting is guaranteed.
And S50, after the blast furnace is stopped by blowing down, the maintenance of the blast furnace is completed. After the blowing-down is completed, hot air is input into the blast furnace again, namely, the re-blowing of the blast furnace. Before the blast furnace is re-winded, the rest of the tapping holes are blocked.
Optionally, in step S20, the hot air system performs the air reduction in multiple steps each time the input air volume of the hot air is reduced. The wind reducing quantity of each step is 400-500m 3 And/min. It can be understood that the air reduction is performed in multiple steps, so that the phenomenon that the pressure change in the blast furnace is overlarge when the input air quantity of hot air is reduced by air reduction each time can be avoided, and further the instability of blast furnace smelting caused by overlarge pressure change of the hot air is avoided. In this embodiment, the input air volume of the hot air is reduced to 1200m each time 3 The hot air system can be divided into three steps for reducing the air, and the air quantity of the air reduction of each step is 400m 3 /min。
The remarkable effects of this embodiment are: tapping is performed by opening at least two tapping holes, so that the rapid discharge of slag iron in the hearth is facilitated. When the tap hole sprays, the input air quantity of hot air is reduced, so that the internal pressure of the blast furnace is reduced, molten iron in the blast furnace can flow down into the hearth and the liquid level is raised, and the tap hole stops spraying. Meanwhile, through reducing the air for a plurality of times and controlling the reduction amplitude of the hot air input air quantity during each air reduction, the slag iron backflow caused by overlarge air reduction amplitude can be avoided. Therefore, the damping-down method has the characteristics of high damping-down speed and capability of avoiding serious splashing of the tap hole.
The foregoing is merely exemplary of the present invention, and those skilled in the art should not be considered as limiting the invention, since modifications may be made in the specific embodiments and application scope of the invention in light of the teachings of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The method for rapidly damping down the blast furnace is characterized by providing the blast furnace and a hot air system, wherein the hot air system is used for inputting hot air into the blast furnace, and when the blast furnace is in a full-air state, the input air quantity of the hot air is Q0, and the damping down method comprises the following steps of:
s10, opening at least two tapping holes of a blast furnace, and detecting exhaust quantity Q4 of the tapping holes;
s20, reducing the input air quantity of the hot air for a plurality of times, and reducing the input air quantity of the hot air by 1/4.Q0 when the air quantity Q4 of one of the iron outlets exceeds a set value when the air quantity is reduced each time;
s30, when the air exhaust quantity Q4 of all the opened tapping holes exceeds a set value, the input air quantity of the hot air is lower than 1000m < 3 >/min;
s40, stopping inputting hot air after blocking one of the tap holes.
2. The method of rapid blowing down of a blast furnace according to claim 1, wherein in step S10, the interval time T between the opening of the two tap holes is less than 40min.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S10, the hole diameter of the hole drilled when the tap hole is opened in a normal state of the blast furnace is D1, the hole diameter of the hole drilled when the tap hole is opened in a damping-down state of the blast furnace is D2, and D1 is smaller than D2.
4. The method of rapid blowing down of a blast furnace according to claim 1, wherein in step S20, the tap hole is visually observed, and when slag iron splashing occurs in the tap hole, the air discharge amount Q4 of the tap hole exceeds a set value.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S20, the input air volume of the hot air is reduced three times, and when the air volume is reduced each time, the input air volume of the hot air is reduced by 1/4·q0 when the air volume Q1 of one of the tap holes is greater than 0.
6. The method for rapid blowing down of blast furnace according to claim 5, wherein the hot air system performs the air-down in a plurality of steps each time the air quantity is reduced, and the air-down air quantity of each step is 400-500m 3 /min。
7. The method for rapid blowing down of a blast furnace according to claim 5, wherein the furnace top pressure of the blast furnace is synchronously reduced to below 180kpa and the oxygen input is reduced to 6000m when the air quantity is reduced for the first time 3 The coal injection ratio is reduced to below 120kg/t below/h;
and when the air quantity is reduced for the second time, synchronously reducing the furnace top pressure of the blast furnace to below 100kpa, stopping coal injection and stopping oxygen input.
8. The method for rapid blowing down of a blast furnace according to claim 5, wherein the discharge amount Q5 of the iron slag is detected when the air quantity is reduced for the third time, and the input air quantity of the hot air is reduced to 1/4·q0 or less when the discharge amount Q5 of the iron slag is less than 2 t/min.
9. The method for rapid blowing down of blast furnace according to claim 1, wherein in step S30, when the input air volume of the hot air is lower than 1000m 3 And at the time of/min, opening a gas diffusion valve and cutting off a gas pipeline.
10. The method for rapid damping down of a blast furnace according to claim 1, further comprising step S50: and before the blast furnace is re-winded, the rest of the tapping holes are plugged.
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| CN202310424091.0A CN116356093A (en) | 2023-04-19 | 2023-04-19 | Method for rapidly damping down blast furnace |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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