CN116354780A - Powdery explosive for explosion welding and production method thereof - Google Patents

Powdery explosive for explosion welding and production method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116354780A
CN116354780A CN202211622037.9A CN202211622037A CN116354780A CN 116354780 A CN116354780 A CN 116354780A CN 202211622037 A CN202211622037 A CN 202211622037A CN 116354780 A CN116354780 A CN 116354780A
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explosive
explosion welding
powder
ammonium nitrate
mixture
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卢光明
程国彩
吕为
汪小惠
陈小辉
尹加园
余奎
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HUBEI DONGSHEN CHUTIAN CHEMICAL INDUSTRY CO LTD
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HUBEI DONGSHEN CHUTIAN CHEMICAL INDUSTRY CO LTD
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06BEXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B31/00Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt
    • C06B31/28Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate
    • C06B31/30Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate with vegetable matter; with resin; with rubber
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06BEXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B23/00Compositions characterised by non-explosive or non-thermic constituents

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Abstract

The invention relates to a powder explosive for explosion welding and a production method thereof, wherein the powder explosive for explosion welding comprises 89-93% of ammonium nitrate, 3-5% of oil phase, 3-6% of combustible agent, 0.1-0.3% of modifier and 4-8% of regulator by mass fraction; the oil phase comprises 50% -60% of base oil, 40% -45% of composite wax for explosive, 0.5% -2% of petroleum resin, 1% -3% of T154 and 1% -3% of diethanol amine stearate; the regulator is double fly powder or talcum powder. According to the powdery explosive for explosion welding and the production method thereof, the modifier is used for modifying the ammonium nitrate, so that the ammonium nitrate bears more special oil phase, and the explosive taking the ammonium nitrate as the main component has the characteristics of high density, stable sensitivity and medium and low explosion speed through the oil phase containing the composite wax, the C5 petroleum resin, the T154 and the diethanol amine stearate, thereby being well suitable for the process requirements of explosion welding.

Description

Powdery explosive for explosion welding and production method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of industrial blasting equipment, in particular to a powdery explosive for explosion welding and a production method thereof.
Background
Explosion welding is a new technology and technology for producing metal composite materials, and particularly after the explosion welding is combined with various pressure processing and mechanical processing technologies, composite materials with better performance can be produced. Explosion welding has obvious advantages in variety, specification, yield, quality, market share, cost and benefit. Practice proves that the field of explosive composite materials is the enrichment and expansion of a material science system, and the explosive composite material is one of a new development direction and a front edge, and is an important aspect army for realizing sustainable development of materials.
The physical characteristics of the emulsion explosive are inconvenient for the explosion welding operation, and the existing explosion welding adopts powdery explosive. The powdery explosive mainly comprises three major types of expanded ammonium nitrate explosive, modified ammonium nitrate explosive and powdery emulsion explosive. However, the explosive density of the expanded explosive is low, the power per unit volume is low, and the explosion speed of the powdery emulsion explosive is high, so that the technical requirements of explosion welding are not met.
The explosion performance of the explosive, especially the detonation velocity, has great influence on the selection of the technological parameters of explosion welding, and the practice shows that the higher the detonation velocity is, the narrower the 'weldability window' between the composite materials is, especially the condition that the thickness of the composite materials is larger, and the new requirement is provided for the explosion velocity of the explosive. The explosion speed index of most powder explosive is about 3200 m/s-3600 m/s, and the explosion speed requirement of explosion welding is 2600-3200 m/s. In addition, the density adjustable range of the common powdery explosive is not large, the density requirement of part of users cannot be met, and the bulk density of the bulk powder required by part of users is 0.7g/cm 3 About 0.48g/cm 3 —0.58g/cm 3
Disclosure of Invention
Based on this, it is necessary to provide a powder explosive for explosion welding and a method for producing the same, in view of at least one of the problems mentioned above.
In a first aspect, the application provides a powder explosive for explosion welding, which comprises 89-93% of ammonium nitrate, 3-5% of oil phase, 3-6% of combustible agent, 0.1-0.3% of modifier and 4-8% of regulator in mass fraction;
the oil phase comprises 50% -60% of base oil, 40% -45% of composite wax for explosive, 0.5% -2% of petroleum resin, 1% -3% of T154 and 1% -3% of diethanol amine stearate;
the regulator is double fly powder or talcum powder.
In certain implementations of the first aspect, the combustible agent is wood flour or chaff flour having a fineness of 75% and passing through a 40 mesh standard screen, and the moisture content is less than or equal to 2%.
With reference to the first aspect and the foregoing implementation manner, in certain implementation manners of the first aspect, the modifier includes 25% -40% of octadecyl primary amine, 10% -25% of microcrystalline wax, 8% -20% of dodecylamine acetate, 6% -17% of dodecylamine sodium sulfate and 2% -8% of polyalkyl compound by mass fraction.
With reference to the first aspect and the foregoing implementation manners, in certain implementation manners of the first aspect, the purity of the ammonium nitrate is greater than or equal to 99.5%, and the water content is less than or equal to 0.5%.
With reference to the first aspect and the foregoing implementation manner, in certain implementation manners of the first aspect, the petroleum resin is a C5 petroleum resin.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a method of producing a powder explosive for explosion welding, for producing a powder explosive for explosion welding as described in the first aspect of the present application, comprising the steps of:
crushing an ammonium nitrate raw material, adding a modifier, and drying the obtained first mixture;
adding an oil phase and a combustible agent into the first mixture, and grinding to obtain a second mixture;
and adding a regulator into the second mixture to obtain the powdery explosive for explosion welding.
In certain implementations of the second aspect, the oil phase is formulated using the steps of:
mixing the base oil and the composite wax for explosive, and heating to dissolve at 110-120 ℃;
after complete dissolution, petroleum resin is added, mixed for 20-30 minutes, and then T154 and diethanol amine stearate are added, and the temperature is kept to 100-110 ℃.
With reference to the second aspect and the foregoing implementation manner, in certain implementation manners of the second aspect, the step of drying the obtained first mixture includes: cyclone separation is carried out on the first mixture, so that the first mixture with the granularity of 80% passing through a 40-mesh standard sieve is obtained.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
according to the powdery explosive for explosion welding and the production method thereof, the modifier is used for modifying the ammonium nitrate, so that the ammonium nitrate bears more special oil phase, and the explosive taking the ammonium nitrate as the main component has the characteristics of high density, stable sensitivity and medium and low explosion speed through the oil phase containing the composite wax, the C5 petroleum resin, the T154 and the diethanol amine stearate, thereby being well suitable for the process requirements of explosion welding.
Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method of producing a powder explosive for explosion welding according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order that the invention may be readily understood, a more complete description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. The figures show possible embodiments of the invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described by reference to the drawings are exemplary for a more thorough understanding of the present disclosure and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, if detailed descriptions of known techniques are unnecessary for the illustrated features of the present invention, such technical details may be omitted.
It will be understood by those skilled in the relevant art that all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs unless defined otherwise. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", "the" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless expressly stated otherwise, as understood by those skilled in the art. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. It should be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein includes all or any element and all combination of one or more of the associated listed items.
The following describes the technical solution of the present invention and how the technical solution solves the technical problems described above with specific examples.
The embodiment of the first aspect of the application provides a powdery explosive for explosion welding, which comprises 89-93% of ammonium nitrate, 3-5% of oil phase, 3-6% of combustible agent, 0.1-0.3% of modifier and 4-8% of regulator by mass fraction;
the oil phase comprises 50% -60% of base oil, 40% -45% of composite wax for explosive, 0.5% -2% of petroleum resin, 1% -3% of T154 and 1% -3% of diethanol amine stearate;
the regulator is powder of radix seu herba Gemini or pulvis Talci.
The following table, table 1, shows a more visual understanding of the composition of the powder explosive for explosion welding of the present application:
TABLE 1 powder explosive composition table for explosion welding
Composition of the components Ammonium nitrate Oil phase Combustible agent Modifying agent Modulators
Mass fraction 89%~93% 3%~5% 3%~6% 0.1~0.3% 4%~8%
Wherein, the composition of the oil phase is shown in Table 2:
table 2 oil phase composition table
Figure BDA0004002738570000041
The base oil adopts engine oil with the reference number of 150SN, and the compound wax adopts common commercial products, such as products of a fine chemical plant of Nanyang paraffin. T154 refers to the polyisobutene derivative series in the additive, which is the main product of ashless dispersants in lubricating oil additive products.
According to the powdery explosive for explosion welding and the production method thereof, the modifier is used for modifying the ammonium nitrate, so that the ammonium nitrate bears more special oil phase, and the explosive taking the ammonium nitrate as the main component has the characteristics of high density, stable sensitivity and medium and low explosion speed through the oil phase containing the composite wax, the C5 petroleum resin, the T154 and the diethanol amine stearate, thereby being well suitable for the process requirements of explosion welding.
Alternatively, in some implementations of the embodiments of the first aspect of the present application, the combustible agent is wood flour or chaff flour having a fineness of 75% and passing through a 40 mesh standard screen, and the moisture content is less than or equal to 2%.
Alternatively, in other implementations of the first aspect, the modifier includes, by mass, 25% to 40% of stearylamine, 10% to 25% of microcrystalline wax, 8% to 20% of dodecylamine acetate, 6% to 17% of sodium dodecylamine sulfate, and 2% to 8% of a polyalkyl compound. The above composition configurations are shown in table 3 below:
TABLE 3 modifier composition table
Figure BDA0004002738570000051
Optionally, in combination with embodiments of the first aspect and the foregoing implementation manners, in still other implementation manners of the first aspect, the purity of the ammonium nitrate is greater than or equal to 99.5% and the water content is less than or equal to 0.5%.
Optionally, with reference to the first aspect and the foregoing implementation manner, in certain implementation manners of the first aspect, the petroleum resin is a C5 petroleum resin. The petroleum resin includes C5 petroleum resin, C9 petroleum resin, etc., and the application adopts C5 petroleum resin.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a method of producing a powder explosive for explosion welding as described in the first aspect of the present application, as shown in fig. 1, comprising the steps of:
s100: the ammonium nitrate feed stock was crushed and modifier added and the resulting first mixture was dried.
S200: adding an oil phase and a combustible agent into the first mixture, and grinding to obtain a second mixture.
S300: and adding a regulator into the second mixture to obtain the powdery explosive for explosion welding.
Specifically, the ammonium nitrate raw material enters the crusher from the inlet of the crusher, the modifier is added according to the formula proportion in the crushing process, and then the ammonium nitrate raw material enters the modifier through the conveying device. In the modifier, ammonium nitrate undergoes mainly three changes: firstly, under the rolling of a roller of a modifying machine, mechanical extrusion and full mixing with a modifying agent are carried out; secondly, hot air is blown into an air inlet of the modifying machine, and sufficient heat and mass transfer is carried out with the hot air, so that the temperature of the modified ammonium nitrate is increased, and the moisture contained in the ammonium nitrate is evaporated, thereby achieving the aim of drying; finally, the modified ammonium nitrate which is dried and finely crushed uniformly is carried out of the modifier by hot air which is continuously blown in from the air outlet and enters the cyclone separator for cyclone separation. The hot air with water vapor is mixed with a small amount of excessively fine ammonium nitrate powder to fly into a cloth bag dust collector from the upper part of the cyclone separation, the ammonium nitrate powder which is mainly and completely modified is continuously conveyed forwards from the lower end of the cyclone separator of the modifying machine through an inclined spiral in the modifying machine, then enters a ball mill together with a special oil phase and a combustible agent which are added according to the formula proportion, is further crushed and uniformly mixed, and the semi-finished product powder from the ball mill is added with double fly powder or talcum powder according to the proportion, so that the finished product can be prepared.
The modifying machine is rolling equipment, which is provided with a chassis and three rollers, and the upper part of the modifying machine is connected with a cyclone separator. The ammonium nitrate is fed into the chassis of the modifier through a feeding screw, and the rolling effect of ammonium nitrate particles is controlled by adjusting the gap between the roller and the chassis and the pressure of the roller.
Optionally, in certain implementations of the second aspect, the oil phase is formulated using the steps of:
mixing the base oil and the composite wax for explosive, and heating to dissolve at 110-120 ℃; after complete dissolution, petroleum resin is added, mixed for 20-30 minutes, and then T154 and diethanol amine stearate are added, and the temperature is kept to 100-110 ℃.
With reference to the second aspect and the foregoing implementation manner, in certain implementation manners of the second aspect, the step of drying the obtained first mixture includes: the first mixture was subjected to cyclone separation to obtain a first mixture having a particle size required to pass through a 40 mesh standard sieve with a fineness of 80%.
According to measurement, the powder explosive for explosion welding provided by the invention has the following performance indexes:
the explosion speed index is about 2800 m/s-3200 m/s, and the bulk density index is 0.65g/cm (measured by a 500ml beaker) 3 —0.71g/cm 3 . In contrast, the common powder industrial explosive indexes are: the detonation velocity index is about: 3400 m/s-3600 m/s; bulk density index (500 ml beaker measurement): 0.54g/cm 3 —0.58g/cm 3 . The powder explosive for explosion welding provided by the invention can ensure the basic quality, meet the specialized requirements of different users and obtain good application effects. The most direct parameter affecting explosive welding is the detonation velocity, but the bulk density is also directly related to the detonation velocity, and the explosive loading per unit area can be affected. Generally, the detonation velocity increases with the increase of the bulk density, but continuously increasing the bulk density beyond a certain range results in a decrease of the detonation velocity, and eventually may even cause a quenching. The formula provided by the application can ensure proper detonation velocity and can also improve the drug loading to the greatest extent.
Those of skill in the art will appreciate that the various operations, methods, steps in the flow, actions, schemes, and alternatives discussed in the present application may be alternated, altered, combined, or eliminated. Further, other steps, means, or steps in a process having various operations, methods, or procedures discussed in this application may be alternated, altered, rearranged, split, combined, or eliminated. Further, steps, measures, schemes in the prior art with various operations, methods, flows disclosed in the present application may also be alternated, altered, rearranged, decomposed, combined, or deleted.
The terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present application, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.
In the description of the present specification, a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.
It should be understood that, although the steps in the flowcharts of the figures are shown in order as indicated by the arrows, these steps are not necessarily performed in order as indicated by the arrows. The steps are not strictly limited in order and may be performed in other orders, unless explicitly stated herein. Moreover, at least some of the steps in the flowcharts of the figures may include a plurality of sub-steps or stages that are not necessarily performed at the same time, but may be performed at different times, the order of their execution not necessarily being sequential, but may be performed in turn or alternately with other steps or at least a portion of the other steps or stages.
The foregoing is only a partial embodiment of the present application, and it should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present application, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (8)

1. The powdery explosive for explosion welding is characterized by comprising 89-93% of ammonium nitrate, 3-5% of oil phase, 3-6% of combustible agent, 0.1-0.3% of modifier and 4-8% of regulator in percentage by mass;
the oil phase comprises 50% -60% of base oil, 40% -45% of composite wax for explosive, 0.5% -2% of petroleum resin, 1% -3% of T154 and 1% -3% of diethanol amine stearate;
the regulator is double fly powder or talcum powder.
2. The powder explosive for explosion welding according to claim 1, wherein the combustible agent is wood flour or chaff flour having a fineness of 75% and passing through a 40 mesh standard sieve, and the water content is less than or equal to 2%.
3. The powder explosive for explosion welding according to claim 1, wherein the modifier comprises, in mass fraction, 25 to 40% of octadecyl amine, 10 to 25% of microcrystalline wax, 8 to 20% of dodecylamine acetate, 6 to 17% of sodium dodecylamine sulfate, and 2 to 8% of a polyalkyl compound.
4. The powder explosive for explosion welding according to claim 1, wherein the purity of the ammonium nitrate is 99.5% or more and the water content is 0.5% or less.
5. The powder explosive for explosion welding according to claim 1, wherein the petroleum resin is C5 petroleum resin.
6. A method of producing a powder explosive for explosion welding as defined in any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of:
crushing an ammonium nitrate raw material, adding a modifier, and drying the obtained first mixture;
adding an oil phase and a combustible agent into the first mixture, and grinding to obtain a second mixture;
and adding a regulator into the second mixture to obtain the powdery explosive for explosion welding.
7. The method of producing a powdered explosive for explosion welding according to claim 6, wherein the oil phase is formulated by:
mixing the base oil and the composite wax for explosive, and heating to dissolve at 110-120 ℃;
after complete dissolution, petroleum resin is added, mixed for 20-30 minutes, and then T154 and diethanol amine stearate are added, and the temperature is kept to 100-110 ℃.
8. The method of producing a powdered explosive for explosion welding according to claim 6, wherein the step of drying the obtained first mixture comprises: cyclone separation is carried out on the first mixture, so that the first mixture with the granularity of 80% passing through a 40-mesh standard sieve is obtained.
CN202211622037.9A 2022-12-16 2022-12-16 Powdery explosive for explosion welding and production method thereof Pending CN116354780A (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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