CN1163425C

CN1163425C - Method and apparatus for treating sewage from catering business

Info

Publication number: CN1163425C
Application number: CNB001267388A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 邓明恺; 邓武军; 邓国红
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2000-12-13
Filing date: 2000-12-13
Publication date: 2004-08-25
Anticipated expiration: 2020-12-13
Also published as: CN1295981A

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for treating restaurant waste water, which is a physical-chemical-physical treating method. The present invention comprises pretreatment, chemical purifying treatment and terminal treatment, wherein the chemical purifying treatment is performed by stirring bleaching powder added by a purifier and ferrous sulphate solution after the waste water is pretreated by a grid, a screen, a detritus tank and an oil separating tank; the waster water is filtered via the terminal treatment to obtain reuse water or national standard discharge water of the first level. The method has the advantages of small occupation area, short pollutant degradation period, high decontamination rate, simple equipment, low investment, less material consumption and good social and economic benefits, and is suitable for treating restaurant life discharge water of hotels, restaurants, guesthouses, mess halls, troops, etc.

Description

A kind of method and device of handling sewage from catering business

The present invention relates to a kind of method and device of handling sewage from catering business, belong to the sewage disposal class.Be specially adapted to the sewage disposal of hotel, restaurant, hotel and collectiveity canteen.

Existing sewage from catering business is not generally handled, only a few unit handles, its treatment process is the biochemical process that adopts in " an Encyclopadia Sinica environmental science volume environmental engineering piece of writing ", its treatment scheme is a grid, screen cloth, sedimentation basin pre-treatment → pressure air-dissolving aeration → secondary sedimentation mud backflow → discharging, its shortcoming is that the disposal field floor space is big, investment is high, day output is little, dwell time of sewage is long, treatment facility as Xiangzhou District nova hotel, Zhuhai takes up an area of 400 square metres, 800,000 yuan of gross investments, 400 cubic metres of treatment facility useful volumes, 30 cubic metres of day outputs, the residence time of sewage in treatment system has 13 days, in the water quality of discharging, BOD ₅, CODcr concentration can only reach the standard of 2～3 grades of GB-8978-96 " integrated wastewater discharge standard ", so big floor space and investment can't be promoted in the city.

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of floor space little, reduced investment, contaminant degradation cycle weak point, treatment process that detersive efficiency is high and device.

For achieving the above object, design of the present invention is physical-chemical-physical treatment method based on chemical treatment and the equipment of realizing this method, and it comprises the pre-treatment of physical method, and the terminal process three of chemical purification processing and physical method partly.Pre-treatment partly is to remove bigger floating matter in the decontaminated water with grid successively with the method for physics, screen cloth is removed less swill chip, detritus pool is deposited in the mobile sewage and is difficult to sedimentation, proportion less than 2 greater than 1 food debris, oil trap is sedimentation residue and exclude most oily pollutant once more, what chemical purification was handled partly is that carrying out with chlorinated lime and ferrous sulfate in cleaner is water purification agent, because redox result produces decomposition, disassociation, oxidation, reduction, neutralization, flocculation, a series of chemistry such as sedimentation and physical action, pollutant chemistry purifies and the speed of physical cleaning thereby improved.Its device mainly is a cleaner, terminal process is partly carried out with the method for physics, its device mainly is the sewage water filtration that strainer and corresponding water pipe and valve will be after chemical treatments and discharging, select different filtration mediums can obtain non-reuse water of drinking and the discharge water that meets GB-8978-96 " integrated wastewater discharge standard " primary standard respectively according to user's needs, the terminal process of residue is to carry out slag, water sepn with strainer, water enters oil trap, and slag can be planted fertilizer.

The invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, and provide embodiment.

Accompanying drawing 1 is a method flow skeleton diagram of the present invention;

Accompanying drawing 2 is a structural profile synoptic diagram of the present invention;

Accompanying drawing 3 is a structural plan of the present invention synoptic diagram.

Among the figure: 1. total ditch 4. molten medicine-chest 5. administration pumps 6. screen clothes 7. detritus pools 8. oil traps 9. of grid 2. electric control boxs 3. sewage are crossed water pipe 10. oil removal walls 11. cleaners 12. stirrers 13.

scum pipes

14,20,21,25,26,29.

valves

15,16,18,19,22,24,28. water pipes 17.

water pumps

23,27,31,32. strainers 30. oil traps.

Sewage from catering business treatment process of the present invention, it at first is the pre-treatment of physical method, pretreated device has grid 1, screen cloth 6, detritus pool 7, oil trap 8, sewage is flowed through successively and is arranged on grid 1 on the total ditch of sewage, remove thick floating matter, screen cloth is removed less food debris residue, enter detritus pool 7, remove in mobile sewage, be difficult to settled proportion less than 2 greater than 1 residue, chip, the water outlet cross flow that links to each other with a pool wall of oil trap 8 pump sumps at the bottom of being higher than the pond is to the pump sump of oil trap 8 again, sedimentation residue once more, chip, and exclude the overwhelming majority oil slick, described oil trap 8 is that an oil removal wall 10 is arranged in the pond, oil trap is divided into into water and two ponds of water outlet, there is a ∩ shape to cross water pipe 9 in the centre of oil removal wall 10, the mouth of pipe down, sewage can only enter outlet sump from crossing water pipe, greasy dirt is lighter than water, therefore most greasy dirts and residue are cut off, a pool wall at pump sump links to each other with the water outlet of detritus pool 7, be higher than at the bottom of the detritus pool, be lower than all the other pool walls, on the pool wall of pump sump, be provided with an outlet that communicates with oil trap 30, this mouthful is lower than the outlet of detritus pool, when oil slick runs up to certain thickness, from flowing to the other oil trap in pond, pretreated physical method is through grid, screen cloth, detritus pool, exclude successively and the secondary settlement of oil trap are handled, and have removed most residues and greasy dirt, alleviate chemically treated load, saved the consumption of material.

Entering chemical purification then handles, its device mainly is a cleaner 11, its method be with water pump 17 with the water in oil trap 8 outlet sumies in water pipe 15 is sent into cleaner 11, described cleaner 11 is an awl end containers, the awl end, be provided with scum pipe 13 and two valves 21 that lead to the 3rd strainer 23, the 4th strainer 31, be connected with water pipe 18 and two valves 25 of leading to first strainer 27, second strainer 32 on the wall on the cone, the upper opening of container wall is provided with the upflow tube 16 that leads to oil trap 8 outlet sumies, is provided with stirrer 12 in the container.The copperas solution that adds strong oxidizer chlorinated lime and reductive agent 5～10% in cleaner carries out chemical purification to be handled, the add-on of chlorinated lime be in the cleaner 11 sewage weight 0.02～0.1%, the add-on of copperas solution is a sewage volumetrical 0.1～0.5% in the cleaner, its optimum addition is a chlorinated lime 0.04%, copperas solution is 0.3%, and its mechanism of action is as follows: the decomposition that at first is the intrinsic composition of chlorinated lime:

Ca(OCL) ₂-CaCL ₂+2(O) (1)

CaCL(OCL)-CaCL ₂+(O) (2)

One of degradation production in formula (1), (2) calcium chloride is a kind of strong electrolyte, can destroy the double electrical layers of oil in water emulsion, makes its breakdown of emulsion and water sepn, realizes the turbidity removal to sewage simultaneously; Two of its degradation production is nascent state atomic oxygens, has strong oxidizing property, not only plays the effect of decolouring to sewage, deodorizing, sterilization (pathogenic agent), and the aerobic and organic pollution vegetable and animals oils in can oxygenolysis sewage.In chlorinated lime, except that the Decomposition of intrinsic Chemical Composition own, also contain free chlorine, can the water-soluble chlorine water-(CL that becomes ₂H ₂O), and with the disassociation state be stored in the water: (3) the disassociation OCL in the formula (3) also has strong oxidizing property, and the oxidation water purification function of chlorinated lime is played synergy.

After adding ferrous sulfate in the sewage, and the nascent state oxidation reduction reaction in formula (1), (2):

(4)

Ferric hydroxide sol body in the formula (4), has very big surface-area, can adsorb the aerobic and organic pollution that is suspension fine particle state, anion surfactant, vegetable and animals oils and soluble inorganic salt class in the sewage in a large number, thereby being increased rapidly, sol particles becomes thick floss, free setting in hydrostatic rapidly makes pollutent separate with clear water.

Owing to contain the impurity of calcium hydroxide in the commercially available chlorinated lime, make sewage be alkaline ph value and rise between the 10-11 that this brings secondary face to a certain degree to ring to the flocking settling effect in the chemical water purification.This alkaline impurities can with the H in the formula (4) ₂SO ₄Neutralization reaction takes place:

(5)

Make sewage PH value reduce to 6.5-7.5, neutralized.

Treat the terminal process that enters physical method after its residue sedimentation through the sewage after the chemical treatment, its device mainly is first, two, three, four

strainers

27,32,23,31 and corresponding water pipe and valve, described first,

tow filtrator

27,32, be one to have the container of the two-layer base plate that separates, under lower floor's base plate, the water pipe 24 of oil trap outlet sump in leading to, and two valves 29, be communicated with water pipe 18 on the wall between the base plate, the upper strata base plate is provided with densely covered aperture, place filtration medium on it, the wall of container at the upper surface place of filtration medium is provided with the water pipe 28 that draining is used, filtration medium on first strainer 27 is to be basic unit with rare earth porcelain sand, it on it post granular carbon, the 3rd, four,

tow filtrator

23,31, filtration medium on 32 is the micropore ceramic tile, the 3rd, four

strainers

23,31 the end, be provided with the water pipe 19 that leads to oil trap 8 outlet sumies, be the periodic flushing cleaner, strainer, also be provided with the tap water of flushing usefulness or the water pipe 22 and the corresponding valve 14 of reuse water thereon, 20,26, sewage after the chemical treatment is treated the residue post precipitation, the processing of sewage is according to user's the two kinds of selections that need, and the method that obtains the non-reuse water of drinking is that sewage is from bottom to top passed through with rare earth porcelain sand through water pipe 18 and valve 25, the post granular carbon is first strainer 27 of filtration medium; The method that acquisition meets GB-8978-96 " integrated wastewater discharge standard " primary standard discharge water is second strainer 32 by being filtration medium with the micropore ceramic tile, the terminal process of moisture residues be that the valve 21 of residue on the scum pipe 13 of cleaner 11 enter with the micropore ceramic tile is the 3rd strainer 23 or the 4th strainer 31 of filtration medium in the cleaner 11, carry out pulp water and separate, water enters the outlet sump of oil trap 8 through water pipe 19.

The present invention also is provided with electric control box 2, molten medicine-chest 4 and the chemicals feed pump 5 of centralized operation and the pipeline that drug delivery enters cleaner 11, cleaner, strainer can be maked somebody a mere figurehead and be located on the oil trap top, also can be according to the practical situation arrangement, floor space is little, but this device also adapted computer, electrically operated valve etc. can unattended operation, realizes unmanned.

Use of the present invention is at first to be ready to the scavenging agent chlorinated lime, and the copperas solution of preparation 5-10% is standby in molten medicine-chest 4, closes all valves, the water surface in oil trap

In the time of will reaching the outlet with oil sump, start button by electric control box 2 starts water pump 17, sewage in oil trap 8 outlet sumies is sent into cleaner 11, when treating that sewage level is managed following 10 centimetres to overflowing in it, stop pump operation, add chlorinated lime in cleaner, restart the stirrer 12 in the cleaner 11, stirred 5 minutes, stop to stir, start administration pump, after dropping into the copperas solution of capacity, stop administration pump, restart stirrer stopped in 2 minutes, left standstill 1～2 hour, treat its residue post precipitation, open the valve 25 on cleaner 11 water pipes 18 again, make sewage enter strainer by the bottom of first strainer 27 or second strainer 32, after the filtration from bottom to top, the undrinkable water reuse water that enters municipal sewage pipe network or can be recycled by water pipe 28, after sewage discharge in the cleaner finishes, close the valve 25 on the water shoot 18, open the valve 21 on the cleaner scum pipe 13 again, moisture residue flows into the 3rd strainer 23 or the 4th strainer 31, carrying out pulp water separates, valve-off after in the outlet sump of the water shoot 19 inflow oil traps 8 of the water end of through on, this strainer uses alternately, uses another instead when a strainer residue is stacked into certain thickness, root out the residue in the strainer, rinse well with tap water.This residue mummification becomes a kind of open-textured solid substance, do not bond with filter floor, remove convenient, healthy, and in the slag enrichment large amount of organic matter of from sewage, carrying and plant-growth, the necessary trace element of growth can make base manure for greening or other planting technique in city.

First strainer 27 or second strainer 32 and cleaner periodic flushing, water discharging valve 29 on opening at the bottom of the strainer and the valve 21 on the cleaner scum pipe, open the

valve

14,26 on the top tap water water pipe 22 again, from top to bottom wash residue, pulp water flows in the outlet sump of oil trap 8 through

water pipe

19,24, carries out so again and again.Water after practice is handled, as clear as crystal, principal pollutant concentration BOD ₅Be nd 14mg/L, CODer≤34mg/L, vegetable and animals oils 5.4mg/L, anion surfactant nd～1.0mg/L, NH ₃-N nd～5mg/L, intestinal bacteria nd.

In sum, the invention has the advantages that floor space is little, simple in structure, required small investment, the contaminant degradation cycle is short, and detersive efficiency is high, discharge water reaches non-recycle-water or the national grade one discharge standard of drinking, alleviated the load of municipal sewage plant, saved water resource, residue also can be used for the usefulness of urban afforestation and plant husbandry, social and good in economic efficiency, be specially adapted to the processing of the washings such as the catering trades such as hotel, restaurant, hotel, dining room and housing group, army and living drainage.

Claims

1, a kind of method of handling sewage from catering business comprises pre-treatment, chemical treatment and terminal process three partly, it is characterized in that:

At first carrying out pre-treatment, secondly is that chemical purification is handled, and carries out terminal process again;

Pre-treatment partly usefulness be physical method, sewage is successively through being arranged on the grid (1) on the total ditch of sewage (3), remove thicker floating matter, screen cloth (6) is removed less food debris and residue, enter detritus pool (7) remove in mobile sewage, be difficult to settled proportion less than 2 greater than 1 residue chip, again through the pump sump of water outlet cross flow to oil trap (8), sedimentation residue chip once more, sewage is behind the isolated most oily pollutant of the oil removal wall (10) of oil trap, and the ∩ shape from its oil removal wall (10) is crossed the outlet sump that water pipe (9) enters oil trap (8); On the pool wall of oil trap pump sump, be provided with the outlet that communicates with oil trap (30);

The part that chemical purification is handled is to carry out in cleaner (11), its method is when treating that water in the oil trap will reach connected entrance with oil trap (30), the sewage of oil trap (8) outlet sump is delivered in the cleaner (11) by water pipe (15) by water pump (17), 10 centimeters terminations of pumping to the overflow mouth of pipe, at first add the strong oxidizer chlorinated lime then, its add-on is the 0.02-0.1% of the interior water weight of cleaner (11), stop after stirring with stirrer (12), the copperas solution that adds 5-10% again, its add-on is the 0.1-0.8% of the interior water capacity of cleaner (11), restir is even, stopped 1-2 hour, make it carry out oxidation, decompose, reduction, neutralization, chemical actions such as flocculation treat that the complete post precipitation of residue carries out terminal process again;

Terminal process partly is the method for physics, and two kinds of treatment processs of sewage and moisture residue treatment are arranged, and is to be undertaken by filtering with corresponding water pipe, valve;

The terminal process of sewage is to carry out with first strainer (27) of sewage terminal process or second strainer (32) and corresponding aqueduct valve, selects according to user's needs;

Obtain the non-reuse water of drinking, to be sewage lead to the water pipe (18) of first strainer and valve (25) through cleaner (11) from bottom to top flows through and does basic unit with rare earth porcelain sand, be first strainer (27) that the post granular carbon is made filtration medium on it, the water pipe (28) from filtration medium upper surface wall of container is discharged; Obtain to meet GB8978-96 " integrated wastewater discharge standard " discharge water, its method is to make sewage from bottom to top flow through and make second strainer (32) of filtration medium with the micropore ceramic tile through lead to second screen (18) and the valve (25) of cleaner (11), and the water shoot (28) from filtration medium upper surface wall of container is discharged;

The processing of moisture residue is to make filtration medium, mutual the 3rd strainer (23) or the 4th strainer (31) that uses in order to moisture residue treatment with the micropore ceramic tile, moisture residue in the cleaner (11), valve (21) on the scum pipe (13) of cleaner (11) enters the 3rd strainer (23) or the 4th strainer (31), carry out pulp water and separate, water enters the outlet sump of oil trap (8) through the water pipe (19) at the bottom of the filter;

Cleaner (11), first strainer (27), second strainer (32) routine cleaning, its method be open valve (21) on cleaner (11) scum pipe (13), first strainer (27), second strainer (32) at the end valve (29) and valve (14), (26) on corresponding tap water or the reuse water pipe (22) wash; The 3rd strainer (23), the 4th strainer (31) that moisture residue terminal process is used clean after only rooting out residue.

2, a kind of isolated plant of handling the sewage from catering business method as claimed in claim 1 comprises grid (1), screen cloth (6), detritus pool (7), oil trap (8), cleaner (11), strainer, it is characterized in that:

A, cleaner (11) are an awl end containers, the awl end, be provided with scum pipe (13) and two valves (21) that lead to the 3rd strainer (23), the 4th strainer (31), be provided with stirrer (12) in the container, the upflow tube (16) that leads to oil trap (8) outlet sump is arranged on the upper opening of container wall; Be connected with water pipe (18) and two valves (25) that lead to first strainer (27), second strainer (32) on the wall of awl at the end;

B, first strainer (27) that the sewage terminal process is used and second strainer (32) all are one to have the container of the two-layer base plate that separates, the water pipe (18) that is communicated with cleaner (11) on the wall between the base plate, the upper strata base plate is provided with densely covered aperture, put filtration medium on it, the filtration medium of first strainer (27) is to be bed course with rare earth porcelain sand, it on it post granular carbon medium, the filtration medium of second strainer (32) is the micropore ceramic tile, the wall of container of filtration medium upper surface is provided with the water pipe (28) of draining, the 3rd strainer (23) that moisture residue treatment is used, the base plate of the 4th strainer (31) is provided with the water pipe (19) that leads to oil trap (8) outlet sump, and filtration medium is the micropore ceramic tile; Cleaner (11), first strainer (27) second strainers (32) must be regularly with tap water or reuse water flushings, and the 3rd strainer (23), the 4th strainer (31) only wash after rooting out residue.

Have one oil trap is divided into the into oil removal wall (10) of water and two ponds of water outlet in the pond of C, oil trap (8), there is a ∩ shape to cross water pipe (9) in the centre of oil removal wall (10), the mouth of pipe down, the one side of pump sump links to each other with the water outlet of detritus pool (7), be higher than at the bottom of the detritus pool, be lower than all the other pool walls, be provided with the outlet that communicates with oil trap (30) on the pool wall of pump sump, this mouthful is lower than the water outlet of detritus pool;

3, specific equipment according to claim 2 is characterized in that being provided with in the top of cleaner (11) the 3rd strainer (23), first strainer (27), the 4th strainer (31), second strainer (32) running water pipe that the flushing residue uses or reuse water pipe (22) and valve (14), (20), (26).