CN116336499A

CN116336499A - Laser remote ignition device and method suitable for well control emergency

Info

Publication number: CN116336499A
Application number: CN202310302950.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨博仲; 罗园; 庞平; 卿玉; 王留洋; 辜良玉; 谢意湘; 刘伟; 尹曾赋; 王超
Original assignee: China National Petroleum Corp; CNPC Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Co Ltd
Current assignee: China National Petroleum Corp; CNPC Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Co Ltd
Priority date: 2023-03-23
Filing date: 2023-03-23
Publication date: 2023-06-27

Abstract

The invention provides a laser remote ignition device and a method suitable for well control emergency, wherein the device comprises a power supply unit, a transmitting unit, an aiming unit and a stabilizing unit; the power supply unit can supply power to the unit requiring power; the emission unit is capable of emitting a laser beam; the aiming unit can remotely aim the target object and focus the laser beam emitted by the emission unit on the target object; the stabilizing unit can drive the aiming unit to rotate and ensure the stability of the aiming unit during rotation. The method uses a laser remote ignition device as described above for ignition. The beneficial effects of the invention include: the laser realizes high-efficiency remote focusing through the aspheric lens of the laser energy remote focusing device, shortens the ignition time, and has the advantages of simple optical system, small volume, light weight and convenient debugging.

Description

Laser remote ignition device and method suitable for well control emergency

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of well control emergency rescue, in particular to a laser remote ignition device and method suitable for well control emergency.

Background

The main blowout components of the out-of-control oil and gas well blowout comprise flammable alkane, naphthene, aromatic hydrocarbon, olefin and other liquid hydrocarbon mixtures, H ₂ S, CO and other toxic and harmful gases, and after the mixing ratio of the gases and air reaches the explosion limit, the gases are easy to burn and explode to cause personnel injury; at the same time H ₂ S and other toxic gases diffuse in a large amount in the well site, so that the toxic gases are extremely easy to poison operators and severely pollute the atmosphere. In order to eliminate the risks of blowout field explosion, hydrogen sulfide poisoning and environmental pollution, the whole process of fire operation is required by well control and robbing, and firstly, a blowout uncontrolled well needs to be subjected to non-contact remote ignition.

Chinese patent CN216770348U discloses a contactless remote ignition, relates to long-range technical field that removes obstacles, including fiber laser, power, bearing structure and transmitting part, fiber laser passes through the optic fibre and is connected with transmitting part, bearing structure's top is connected with damping hinge mechanism through the carousel rotation, damping hinge mechanism includes first U type seat and second U type seat, the outer wall of first U type seat runs through and is provided with the pivot, two connecting plates have been cup jointed to the outer wall symmetry of pivot, the top of connecting plate and the bottom fixed connection of second U type seat.

Chinese patent CN115224575a proposes a method for realizing remote controllable femto-second laser light filament ignition by using a telescope focusing system, which belongs to the technical field of laser ignition, and the light filament ignition can be realized by emitting a light beam from a femto-second laser amplifier, generating the femto-second light filament in a far field by using the telescope focusing system consisting of a concave lens and a convex lens and applying the light beam to premixed fuel gas, and then adjusting the single pulse energy of an output laser beam to a threshold value.

Both patents are not suitable for remote ignition of blowout of a high-pressure oil-gas well, and have the defects of short ignition distance (less than 50 m) and easy failure, so that a safe and reliable device suitable for blowout of the high-pressure oil-gas well and capable of realizing remote ignition is needed to be designed, and conditions are created for subsequent rescue operation of blowout out of control.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve at least one of the defects in the prior art, and one of the aims of the invention is to provide a laser remote ignition device suitable for a blowout out-of-control well.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides a laser remote ignition device suitable for well control emergency.

The device may include a power supply unit, a transmitting unit, an aiming unit, and a stabilizing unit; the power supply unit can supply power to the unit requiring power; the emission unit is capable of emitting a laser beam; the aiming unit can remotely aim the target object and focus the laser beam emitted by the emission unit on the target object; the stabilizing unit can drive the aiming unit to rotate and ensure the stability of the aiming unit during rotation.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the well control emergency may comprise an emergency operation of a blowout uncontrolled well.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the emitting unit may include a fiber laser connected to the aiming unit through a fiber optic cable to establish a laser emitting channel.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the rated output power of the fiber laser may be 600W, and the power adjustable range is 10-100%; and/or the length of the optical fiber cable is less than or equal to 3m.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the emission unit is provided with a heat radiation fan.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the aiming unit may comprise a laser head; the laser head can comprise an electronic remote sighting device and a laser energy remote focusing device which are arranged side by side; the electronic remote sighting device and the laser energy remote focusing device are arranged at the front end of the laser head.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the electronic remote sight may include a remote sight component and a high definition image acquisition component; the remote aiming assembly can comprise a focusing window, a focusing lens group, a calibration reference object and an adjusting knob which are sequentially arranged from back to front; the high definition image acquisition component may comprise a digital camera.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the electronic remote sight may further comprise an infrared night vision structure.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the laser energy remote focuser may include a laser window, an aspherical focusing mirror, a metal contact, and a QBH fiber output head sequentially disposed from back to front.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the distance between the laser window and the aspherical focusing mirror may be 8 to 15mm.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the fiber laser may be connected to the laser energy remote focuser by a fiber optic cable; the laser beam emitted by the fiber laser may be incident through a laser energy remote focus.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the stabilizing unit may include a tripod head and a telescopic tripod; the laser head is arranged on the cradle head, and the cradle head is arranged on the telescopic tripod.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the device further comprises a control unit comprising a laser control panel, the laser control panel controlling the firing switch and the laser parameters via a wireless control system.

According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the laser light is focused at 0 to 300 m.

In another aspect, the invention provides a laser remote ignition method, which uses the laser remote ignition device suitable for well control emergency for ignition.

Further, the method can be used for emergency operation of a blowout uncontrolled well.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that at least one of the following contents is included:

(1) The laser realizes high-efficiency remote focusing through the aspheric lens of the laser energy remote focusing device, and the ignition time is shortened.

(2) The optical system is simple, small in size, light in weight and convenient to debug.

(3) The laser head is designed to be embedded into an infrared night vision structure, so that ignition in dark areas and at night can be realized, and all-weather ignition needs are met.

(4) Realizing safe and stable focusing of the laser beam at a long distance of 0-300 m.

(5) The combustible blowout is ignited by the laser heating principle, so that the risk of burning explosion on the blowout site, hydrogen sulfide poisoning and environmental pollution is eliminated.

Drawings

The foregoing and other objects and features of the invention will become more apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:

FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a laser remote ignition device suitable for well control emergency in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 shows a schematic structural view of a laser head according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 shows a schematic structural view of an electronic remote collimator and a laser energy remote focus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

Reference numerals illustrate:

1-a power supply unit; a 2-transmitting unit;

3-aiming unit, 31-electronic remote aiming, 311-remote aiming assembly, 3111-focusing window; 3112-a focusing lens group; 3113-calibration reference; 3114-an adjustment knob; 312-a high-definition image acquisition component; 32-laser energy remote focus, 321-laser window; 322-aspherical focusing mirror; 323-copper contacts; 324-QBH fiber output head;

a 4-stabilizing unit; 5-a control unit.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be better understood by those skilled in the art by reference to the following detailed description of the present invention taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present application and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present application.

The terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.

In the description of the present application, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.

Example embodiment 1

The present exemplary embodiment provides a laser remote ignition device suitable for well control emergency, which can be used for emergency operation of a blowout uncontrolled well.

As shown in fig. 1, the apparatus may include a power supply unit 1, a transmitting unit 2, an aiming unit 3, and a stabilizing unit 4. Wherein the power supply unit 1 is capable of providing power to a unit requiring power; the emission unit 2 is capable of emitting a laser beam; the aiming unit 3 can remotely aim the target object and focus the laser beam emitted by the emitting unit 2 on the target object; the stabilizing unit 4 can drive the aiming unit 3 to rotate and ensure the stability when the aiming unit 3 rotates.

In this embodiment, the emitting unit may include a fiber laser connected to the aiming unit through a fiber optic cable to establish a laser emitting channel.

In this embodiment, the rated output power of the fiber laser may be 600W, the power adjustable range is 10-100%, that is, the output power range is 10-100% of 600W, that is, the power adjustable range is 60-600W, for example, 100W, 150W, 200W, 250W, 300W, 400W, 500W. Aiming at metals with different wall thicknesses, the laser output power is regulated by adopting a laser control panel of a control unit, so that the rapid heating of the metal to ignite the ejectors is realized, and the efficiency and the energy conservation are realized.

In this embodiment, the length of the fiber optic cable is less than or equal to 3m, such as 0.5m, 1m, 1.5m, 2m, 2.5m. The loss of laser energy in the internal channel can be reduced by controlling the length of the optical fiber cable to be less than or equal to 3m.

In this embodiment, the radiation unit is provided with a radiation fan.

In the present embodiment, the power supply unit includes a battery and a power cord; the battery is connected with the fiber laser and the cooling fan through a power line and provides laser emission energy and air cooling energy.

In this embodiment, the aiming unit may include a laser head. As shown in fig. 2, the laser head comprises an electronic remote collimator 31 and a laser energy remote focussing 32 arranged side by side; an electronic remote collimator 31 and a laser energy remote focussing 32 are both provided at the front end of the laser head. The aiming image is acquired by an electronic remote collimator 31 inside the laser head. The electronic remote sighting device 31 and the laser energy remote focusing device 32 are of an up-and-down connection structure and are all arranged at the front end of the laser head. After the position structure is determined, the optical parameters are debugged, and the electronic remote sighting device 31 accurately acquires the laser image. Of course, the invention is not limited thereto, and the electronic remote collimator 31 and the laser energy remote focus 32 may be disposed at other positions where accurate acquisition of laser images can be achieved.

In the embodiment, the optical fiber laser is connected with the laser energy remote focusing device in the laser head through an optical fiber cable, so that the laser can focus the target object remotely.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the electronic remote sight 31 includes a remote sight component 311 and a high definition image acquisition component 312; the remote aiming assembly 311 includes a focus window 3111, a focus lens group 3112, a calibration reference 3113, and an adjustment knob 3114, in order from back to front; the high definition image acquisition component 312 comprises a digital camera, wherein the calibration reference 3113 comprises calibration graduation marks.

The miniature high-definition image acquisition assembly adopts the principle of capturing pictures by a digital camera, and simultaneously integrates a laser light path point by combining the remote aiming assembly, so that the laser light path is parallel to the inner wall of the cavity of the remote aiming assembly and is close to the center point of the aspheric optical lens; the laser path light-emitting point is arranged at the center of an image pickup picture of the remote aiming assembly, the picture is subjected to crisscross processing and positioned at the intersection point, and the picture is used as a target point of laser action energy, so that an aiming effect is achieved.

In this embodiment, the electronic remote sight further includes an infrared night vision structure. The image capturing principle of the camera of the miniature high-definition image acquisition assembly is combined with the starlight level night vision function of the camera, so that the image capturing and processing at daytime and night are realized.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the laser energy remote focuser 32 includes a laser window 321, an aspherical focusing mirror 322, a copper contact 323, and a QBH fiber output head 324, which are disposed in this order from the back to the front. Focusing is performed through the aspheric focusing mirror 322, the focusing point is adjusted through the adjusting knob 3114, the laser beam is output through the QBH optical fiber output head 324, the copper contact 323 absorbs deviating laser energy in the normal process of conducting the laser beam, good energy conductivity of copper is utilized, the radiating effect is achieved, the laser energy remote aiming focusing device is prevented from being damaged due to the fact that the deviating laser irradiates, and finally the focusing of the laser beam at the position of 0-300 m is achieved.

In this embodiment, the fiber laser is connected to the laser energy remote focusing device through a fiber optic cable; the laser beam emitted by the fiber laser is incident through the laser window of the laser energy remote focuser.

In the embodiment, the laser energy remote focusing device has the overall shape of a cylindrical cavity with the length of 160-165 mm, the diameter divided into front and rear ends, the diameter of the rear end of 40-43 mm and the diameter of the front end of 25-28 mm. For example, the length is 161mm, 162mm, 163mm, 164mm, the rear end diameter is 41mm, 42mm, and the front end diameter is 26mm, 27mm. The rear end of the laser energy remote focusing device is provided with a standard QBH (quick connect) card connector to be connected with laser energy transmitted by a laser and converted into laser transmission medium, and the laser energy is converted into air transmission by the optical fiber. Because the laser energy is scattered during the conversion of the conductive medium, the laser energy remote focussing serves to further integrate the scattered laser energy through the optical focussing lens. The laser energy remote focusing device is used as a further integration component for converting laser energy transmission media, and laser energy beams are integrated through optical lenses, so that multiple specially processed optical lenses are adopted in a focusing device cavity to perform galvanometer processing on laser. The cylindrical design is adopted, the optical propagation principle is applied, and the laser integration function is achieved to the greatest extent while the space is saved.

In this embodiment, the laser window is a window formed by combining a cavity with an optical lens after special treatment, and the wavelength of the optical laser and the property of the pulse are applied to enable scattered laser energy to be further integrated through the optical focusing lens and then to be conducted into the natural environment again.

In this embodiment, the aspherical focusing mirror is made of glass material and is coated with a boron trioxide film. The aspherical focusing lens corresponds to a spherical focusing lens, and the aspherical focusing lens and the spherical focusing lens are commonly used lens types for correcting ametropia, and are different in that the spherical lens is obvious in protrusion on appearance, and is large in thickness, the quality of light-transmitting imaging properties of a peripheral optical zone is obviously inferior to that of the aspherical lens, and the phenomena of deformation, halation and the like affecting visual quality can occur. The aspherical lens has a flat appearance and a thinner thickness, and the optical distortion degree of the peripheral optical area of the lens is obviously lower than that of the spherical lens, so that the distortion is generally difficult to occur. Therefore, the scattered laser energy can be integrated using an aspherical focusing mirror.

In this embodiment, the distance between the laser window and the aspherical focusing mirror is 8-15 mm. The laser window is positioned on the upper light path of the aspheric focusing lens, and mainly plays a role in performing primary integration on the laser conducted by the optical fiber, and then the laser is integrated again through the aspheric focusing lens. The distance between the two is 8-15 mm according to the actual situation, for example 9mm, 10mm, 11mm, 12mm, 13mm and 14mm.

In this embodiment, the copper contact is located at the front end of the laser energy remote focus, about 135-140 mm, e.g., 137mm, 139mm, from the rear end laser window; a distance from the output end of about 30 to 35mm, for example 31mm, 33mm; the material is mainly composed of a circular cavity beryllium copper alloy material with the overall diameter of 10-12 mm, the middle opening diameter of 5-6 mm and the thickness of 2-3 mm. Of course, other metals may be used as the metal contacts of the present invention, such as silver contacts, which have better metal stability and thermal conductivity than copper, but are most cost effective.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the apparatus further includes a control unit 5, where the control unit 5 includes a laser control panel, and the laser control panel controls the emission switch and the laser parameters through a wireless control system.

Focusing is carried out through an aspheric focusing mirror, and a focusing point is adjusted through an adjusting knob, so that imaging adaptation adjustment of a tripod head controller and a laser control panel is realized, the adjusted laser beam is output through a QBH optical fiber output head, and finally, the laser beam is focused at 0-300 m, for example, at 5m, 30m, 50m, 100m, 120m, 150m, 220m and 290m through energy conduction of a copper contact.

In this embodiment, the stabilizing unit includes a tripod head and a telescopic tripod; the laser head is arranged on the cradle head, and the cradle head is arranged on the telescopic tripod. The control unit is connected with the cradle head, controls the cradle head to rotate, realizes quick aiming of a target object, and improves aiming stability of a laser head arranged on the cradle head. The cradle head is arranged on the telescopic tripod of the supporting structure, so that the space application range of the device is improved, and the stability of the laser head during rotation is ensured.

Example embodiment 2

The present exemplary embodiment provides a laser remote ignition method that uses the laser remote ignition device of exemplary embodiment 1 for ignition.

In the embodiment, the laser is remotely focused through the aspheric lens of the laser energy remote focusing device, irradiates on the metal surface near the nozzle, and rapidly rises in temperature after the metal absorbs the instantaneous high energy of the laser, so that the combustible jet ignition point is reached, and the non-contact remote ignition is realized.

In the embodiment, the laser realizes remote focusing through the aspherical lens of the laser energy remote focusing device, irradiates inflammable substances arranged near the nozzle, ignites the inflammable substances, and further ignites the inflammable substances to realize contactless remote ignition.

In summary, the high-efficiency remote focusing is realized through the aspheric focusing lens of the laser energy remote focusing device, the ignition distance is more than 150m, and compared with a beam expanding focusing method, the optical system is simple, small in size, light in weight and convenient to debug. The laser head is designed and embedded into an infrared night vision structure, so that a dark area and a night target object can be quickly aimed, and all-weather ignition requirements are met.

Although the present invention has been described above by way of the combination of the exemplary embodiments, it should be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and changes can be made to the exemplary embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. The laser remote ignition device suitable for well control emergency is characterized by comprising a power supply unit, a transmitting unit, an aiming unit and a stabilizing unit;

the power supply unit can supply power to the unit requiring power;

the emission unit is capable of emitting a laser beam;

the aiming unit can remotely aim the target object and focus the laser beam emitted by the emission unit on the target object;

the stabilizing unit can drive the aiming unit to rotate and ensure the stability of the aiming unit during rotation.

2. The laser remote ignition device for well control emergency according to claim 1, wherein the emitting unit comprises a fiber laser connected to the aiming unit by a fiber optic cable to establish a laser emitting channel.

3. The laser remote ignition device suitable for well control emergency according to claim 2, wherein the rated output power of the fiber laser is 600W, and the power adjustable range is 10-100%;

and/or the number of the groups of groups,

the length of the optical fiber cable is less than or equal to 3m.

4. The laser remote ignition device for well control emergency according to claim 1, wherein a radiator fan is provided on the emitting unit.

5. The laser remote ignition device adapted for well control emergency according to claim 2, wherein said aiming unit comprises a laser head;

the laser head comprises an electronic remote sighting device and a laser energy remote focusing device which are arranged side by side;

the electronic remote sighting device and the laser energy remote focusing device are arranged at the front end of the laser head.

6. The laser remote ignition device for well control emergency according to claim 5, wherein the electronic remote sight comprises a remote sighting component and a high-definition image acquisition component;

the remote aiming assembly comprises a focusing window, a focusing lens group, a calibration reference object and an adjusting knob which are sequentially arranged from back to front;

the high-definition image acquisition assembly comprises a digital camera.

7. The laser remote ignition device for well control emergency according to claim 6, wherein said electronic remote sight further comprises an infrared night vision structure.

8. The laser remote ignition device for well control emergency according to claim 5, wherein the laser energy remote focusing device comprises a laser window, an aspherical focusing mirror, a metal contact and a QBH fiber output head which are arranged in sequence from back to front.

9. The laser remote ignition device for well control emergency according to claim 8, wherein the distance between the laser window and the aspherical focusing mirror is 8-15 mm.

10. The laser remote ignition device for well control emergency according to claim 5, wherein the fiber laser is connected to the laser energy remote focus by a fiber optic cable; the laser beam emitted by the fiber laser is incident through the laser energy remote focusing device.

11. The laser remote ignition device for well control emergency according to claim 5, wherein the stabilizing unit comprises a cradle head and a telescopic tripod; the laser head is arranged on the cradle head, and the cradle head is arranged on the telescopic tripod.

12. The laser remote ignition device for well control emergency according to claim 1, further comprising a control unit comprising a laser control panel, the laser control panel controlling the firing switch and the laser parameters via a wireless control system.

13. The laser remote ignition device for well control emergency according to claim 1, wherein the laser is focused at 0-300 m.

14. A method of laser remote ignition, characterized in that the method uses the laser remote ignition device of any one of claims 1-13 for ignition in well control emergency.