CN116332633A - Method for synthesizing fused mullite and fused corundum-mullite by taking gangue as raw material - Google Patents
Method for synthesizing fused mullite and fused corundum-mullite by taking gangue as raw material Download PDFInfo
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- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000013980 iron oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumanylidynesilicon Chemical compound [Al].[Si] CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Fe+2] VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[K+].[K+] CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001950 potassium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001948 sodium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910005347 FeSi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001741 organic sulfur group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052683 pyrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011028 pyrite Substances 0.000 description 1
- NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrite Chemical compound [Fe+2].[S-][S-] NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011946 reduction process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/16—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on silicates other than clay
- C04B35/18—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on silicates other than clay rich in aluminium oxide
- C04B35/185—Mullite 3Al2O3-2SiO2
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/10—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on aluminium oxide
- C04B35/107—Refractories by fusion casting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/653—Processes involving a melting step
- C04B35/657—Processes involving a melting step for manufacturing refractories
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for synthesizing fused mullite and fused corundum-mullite by taking coal gangue as a raw material, which comprises the steps of crushing the coal gangue, adding a carbon material and scrap iron or iron oxide, and obtaining the fused mullite raw material and the fused corundum-mullite raw material after electric melting in an electric arc furnace. According to the invention, the mullite and corundum-mullite refractory raw materials are prepared from solid waste coal gangue by an electric melting method, the coal gangue has large reserves and low price, and the electric melting method is a preparation method integrating mineral separation and synthesis, has a simple process, and is easy to realize industrialization. The mullite and corundum-mullite are prepared from the gangue serving as the raw material by an electric melting method, so that the high-value recycling of the gangue is realized, and the method has important significance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of refractory materials, and particularly relates to a method for synthesizing fused mullite and fused corundum-mullite by taking coal gangue as a raw material.
Background
Gangue is a solid waste produced during coal mining and washing. Along with development and utilization of coal, the coal gangue is discharged and piled up in a large quantity, and the new generated coal gangue is about 3-3.5 hundred million tons each year. The problems of weathering, rain erosion and the like of the gangue can cause land salinization and pollute soil and water environment. And the gangue is easy to form dust when being piled in open air. Meanwhile, the gangue contains combustible substances such as pyrite, organic sulfur and the like, and spontaneous combustion of the gangue is easily caused by oxidation and heat accumulation. The existing coal gangue hill part is in an spontaneous combustion state for a long time, and harmful gases such as carbon monoxide, nitric oxide and the like are continuously released, so that the pollution to the atmospheric environment is further caused. Therefore, a way for green and efficient recycling of coal gangue is needed.
At present, the coal gangue is mainly applied to low-value utilization approaches such as fuel power generation, geotechnical utilization (highway, railway, building) and the like. If the coal gangue is reasonably utilized, the coal gangue can become a mineral resource with low cost and large reserves. The highest content of the gangue is SiO 2 And Al 2 O 3 According to the chemical composition, the coal gangue can be considered to be synthesized into mullite. Mullite is Al 2 O 3 -SiO 2 The only solid solution which can exist stably in the system has excellent fracture toughness, high-temperature strength and creep resistance, and is widely used in the aspects of metallurgy, ceramics, glass, machinery, electric power and the like. Due to the urgent pressure of massive accumulation and resource utilization of coal gangue, the synthesis of mullite by the coal gangue has become one of the research hotspots.
The existing method for preparing mullite by taking coal gangue as raw material is complex in process, low in utilization rate and difficult to realize industrialization. The energy occurrence condition of the rich coal and lean oil determines that the washing and selecting amount of coal exploitation can be steadily improved in the future, and the discharge of coal gangue is inevitably increased. Therefore, in view of the current situation, a need has arisen for a coal gangue recycling approach that is simple in process and high in utilization rate.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at providing a method for synthesizing fused mullite and fused corundum-mullite by taking coal gangue as a raw material aiming at the current situation that a great amount of coal gangue existing in China needs green and efficient utilization. The method has simple process, is easy to realize industrialization, and is hopeful to convert the coal gangue into mineral resources with low cost and large reserves.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a process for synthesizing electric smelting mullite and corundum-mullite from gangue includes such steps as breaking gangue, adding carbon material and iron filings or oxide of iron, and electric smelting in electric arc furnace. If the reduction degree is low, the product is mainly an electrofused mullite raw material. If the reduction degree is high, al in the product 2 O 3 The content is high and corundum-mullite is the main material.
Preferably, the carbon material is coke or clean coal.
Preferably, the content of alumina in the coal gangue is 30-60 wt.%, the content of silica is 40-70 wt.%, and the rest impurities are mainly titanium dioxide, iron oxide, potassium oxide, sodium oxide, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide and the like. The method is a common characteristic of the gangue, and the method does not need to screen the gangue raw materials, and can be used for preparing the fused mullite raw materials and fused corundum-mullite raw materials.
Preferably, the temperature of the electric arc furnace is 1900-2100 ℃, the voltage of the electric arc furnace is 80-140V, the current is 12000-15000A, and the raw materials are heated to be molten and then discharged from the launder for natural cooling.
According to the invention, the corundum content in the fused mullite or corundum-mullite can be regulated and controlled to be 45-90 wt.% by controlling the addition amount of coke, clean coal and iron filings or iron oxides. The purpose of adding coke, clean coal or scrap iron in the electric smelting process is to remove Al from the gangue 2 O 3 、SiO 2 The other impurity oxides are removed, and the impurity removal process mainly generates reduction reaction.
SiO during the reduction process 2 Is preferentially to Al 2 O 3 The coke and the clean coal can also be used for preparing SiO 2 Reducing into Si simple substance. The scrap iron can react with Si to generate FeSi alloy, and the FeSi alloy is easy to sink to the bottom of the furnace due to the high density. Therefore, the reduction degree of the gangue can be controlled by controlling the content of the coke, the clean coal or the scrap iron, if excessive coke, clean coal or scrap iron is added, siO 2 Can also be reduced, al 2 O 3 Relatively increased content of (2); on the contrary, mullite is the main material, and the corundum content is relatively low. The proportion of the main raw materials is calculated according to the main chemical reaction formula in the furnace and the chemical composition of the raw materials. Theoretical calculation of the dosing ratio is based on the following chemical reaction equation:
SiO 2 +2C＝Si+2CO↑(1)
Fe 2 O 3 +3C＝2Fe+3CO↑(2)
from the reaction formula (1): reduction of 1000g SiO 2 Required carbon amount=0.4 kg, silicon amount generated=0.467 kg;
from the reaction formula (2): reduction of 1000gFe 2 O 3 Required carbon amount=0.225 kg, iron amount produced=0.7 kg.
Taking 100kg of gangue as a base number, the mass of carbon materials and scrap iron which need to be added can be calculated according to the following formula:
SiO in (B) 2 ％、Fe 2 O 3 Respectively represents SiO in gangue 2 、Fe 2 O 3 Is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass;
c percent-mass percent of total fixed carbon in the carbon material;
fe-iron filings, wherein the mass percentage of iron in the iron filings is as follows;
and k is the aluminum-silicon ratio in the mullite or corundum-mullite target product.
The main chemical component of the electric melting mullite raw material is Al 2 O 3 52～77wt.％，SiO 2 20 to 45wt.% of other impurities, the total content of which is less than 3.0wt.%. The phase of the raw materials is changed, and the electric smelting mullite is prepared from the gangue.
The invention fully utilizes the chemical composition components of the gangue, converts the gangue into the electric melting mullite refractory raw material with excellent performance by an electric melting method, and provides an idea for realizing industrialization for realizing the green and efficient utilization of a large amount of existing gangue in China. The positive effects are as follows:
1. the invention prepares the fused mullite and corundum-mullite refractory material by utilizing the chemical components of the gangue, and has low raw material cost and large reserves.
2. Compared with the traditional method for preparing mullite by taking coal gangue as raw material, the method does not need sintering auxiliary agent and processes such as pre-dressing, molding and calcining. The electric smelting method is a preparation method integrating mineral separation and synthesis, and is easy to realize industrialization.
3. The invention fully utilizes a great amount of existing gangue in China, improves the resource utilization rate of the gangue, and provides a way for the green and efficient utilization of the gangue.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is an XRD pattern of fused mullite in the examples.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions and the technical problems to be solved in the embodiments of the present invention will be described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present patent.
Example 1
The feedstock for this example was coal gangue, with an alumina content of about 41.4wt.%, a silica content of 40.99wt.%, and an iron oxide content of 1.06wt.%. 100Kg of gangue is taken, 20.8Kg of coke and 31.08Kg of scrap iron are added after crushing, wherein the fixed carbon content in the coke is not less than 80%, and the iron content in the scrap iron is not less than 90%.
Heating the mixture of the gangue, the coke and the scrap iron to 1900 ℃ in an electric arc furnace, controlling the voltage of the electric arc furnace to 140V and the current to 15000A, heating to be molten, and discharging the launder for natural cooling. After cooling, the fused mullite raw material is obtained by crushing, wherein the alumina content is 57wt.% and the silica content is 37wt.%. As can be seen from fig. 1, the main crystal phase of the product is mullite.
Example 2
The feedstock for this example was coal gangue, with an alumina content of about 45.13wt.%, a silica content of 42.37wt.%, and an iron oxide content of 1.16wt.%. Taking 100Kg of coal gangue, crushing, and adding 22.9Kg of coke and 32.1Kg of scrap iron, wherein the fixed carbon content in the coke is not less than 80%, and the iron content in the scrap iron is not less than 90%.
Heating the mixture of the gangue, the coke and the scrap iron to 1900 ℃ in an electric arc furnace, controlling the voltage of the electric arc furnace to 140V and the current to 15000A, heating to be molten, and discharging the launder for natural cooling. After cooling, crushing to obtain the fused mullite raw material, wherein the alumina content is 60wt.% and the silica content is 41wt.%. The main crystal phase of the product is mullite.
Example 3
The feedstock for this example was coal gangue, with an alumina content of about 44.2wt.%, a silica content of 41.3wt.%, and an iron oxide content of 1.11wt.%. Taking 100Kg of coal gangue, crushing, and adding 22.4Kg of coke and 31.3Kg of scrap iron, wherein the fixed carbon content in the coke is not less than 80%, and the iron content in the scrap iron is not less than 90%.
Heating the mixture of the gangue, the coke and the scrap iron to 1900 ℃ in an electric arc furnace, controlling the voltage of the electric arc furnace to 140V and the current to 15000A, heating to be molten, and discharging the launder for natural cooling. After cooling, the fused mullite raw material is obtained by crushing, wherein the alumina content is 59wt.% and the silica content is 38wt.%. The main crystal phase of the product is mullite.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, and such modifications and adaptations are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for synthesizing electric melting mullite and electric melting corundum-mullite by taking coal gangue as raw material is characterized by comprising the steps of crushing the coal gangue, adding carbon material and iron filings or iron oxides, and obtaining the electric melting mullite raw material and the electric melting corundum-mullite raw material after electric melting in an electric arc furnace.
2. The method for synthesizing fused mullite and fused corundum-mullite using gangue as raw material as claimed in claim 1, wherein said carbon material is coal or clean coal.
3. The method for synthesizing fused mullite and fused corundum-mullite by taking coal gangue as raw material according to claim 1, wherein the content of alumina in the coal gangue is 30-60 wt.%, the content of silica is 40-70 wt.%, and the rest of impurities are titanium dioxide, iron oxide, potassium oxide, sodium oxide, calcium oxide and magnesium oxide.
4. The method for synthesizing the fused mullite and the fused corundum-mullite by taking the coal gangue as the raw material, which is characterized in that the temperature of the electric arc furnace is 1900-2100 ℃, the voltage of the electric arc furnace is 80-140V, and the current is 12000-15000A.
5. The method for synthesizing the fused mullite and the fused corundum-mullite by taking the gangue as the raw material, which is characterized in that 100kg of gangue is taken as a base number, and the mass of carbon materials and scrap iron which are required to be added is calculated according to the following formula:
SiO in (B) 2 ％、Fe 2 O 3 Respectively represents SiO in gangue 2 、Fe 2 O 3 Is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass;
c percent-mass percent of total fixed carbon in the carbon material;
fe-iron filings, wherein the mass percentage of iron in the iron filings is as follows;
and k is the aluminum-silicon ratio in the mullite or corundum-mullite target product.
6. The method for synthesizing fused mullite and fused corundum-mullite using gangue as raw material as claimed in claim 1, wherein said fused mullite raw material has main chemical composition of Al 2 O 3 52～77wt.％，SiO 2 20 to 45wt.% of other impurities, the total content of which is less than 3.0wt.%.
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